Noninvasive monitoring of tissue hemoglobin using UV-VIS diffuse reflectance spectroscopy: a pilot study

W. Secomski, A. Nowicki, P. Tortoli, and R. Olszewski, “Multigate Doppler measurements of ultrasonic attenuation and blood hematocrit in human arteries,” Ultrasound Med. Biol. 35(2), 230–236 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. E. Bender, K. Vishwanath, L. K. Moore, J. Q. Brown, V. Chang, G. M. Palmer, and N. Ramanujam, “A robust Monte Carlo model for the extraction of biological absorption and scattering in vivo,” IEEE T. Biomed. Eng. (N.Y.) 56(4), 960–968 (2009).
[Crossref]

K. Vishwanath, H. Yuan, W. T. Barry, M. W. Dewhirst, and N. Ramanujam, “Using optical spectroscopy to longitudinally monitor physiological changes within solid tumors,” Neoplasia 11(9), 889–900 (2009).
[PubMed]

K. Vishwanath, D. Klein, K. Chang, T. Schroeder, M. W. Dewhirst, and N. Ramanujam, “Quantitative optical spectroscopy can identify long-term local tumor control in irradiated murine head and neck xenografts,” J. Biomed. Opt. 14(5), 054051 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Y. Lo, B. Yu, H. L. Fu, J. E. Bender, G. M. Palmer, T. F. Kuech, and N. Ramanujam, “A strategy for quantitative spectral imaging of tissue absorption and scattering using light emitting diodes and photodiodes,” Opt. Express 17(3), 1372–1384 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Y. Ti and W. C. Lin, “Effects of probe contact pressure on in vivo optical spectroscopy,” Opt. Express 16(6), 4250–4262 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. Reif, M. S. Amorosino, K. W. Calabro, O. A’Amar, S. K. Singh, and I. J. Bigio, “Analysis of changes in reflectance measurements on biological tissues subjected to different probe pressures,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(1), 010502 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

B. Yu, J. Y. Lo, T. F. Kuech, G. M. Palmer, J. E. Bender, and N. Ramanujam, “Cost-effective diffuse reflectance spectroscopy device for quantifying tissue absorption and scattering in vivo,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(6), 060505 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. W. McMurdy, G. D. Jay, S. Suner, and G. Crawford, “Noninvasive optical, electrical, and acoustic methods of total hemoglobin determination,” Clin. Chem. 54(2), 264–272 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. R. Macknet, S. Norton, P. Kimball-Jones, and R. Applegate, “Continuous noninvasive measurement of hemoglobin via pulse CO-oximetry,” Anesth. Analg. 104, S-32 (2007).

M. R. Macknet, P. Kimball-Jones, R. Applegate, and M. Allard, “Continuous non-invasive measurement of hemoglobin via pulse CO-oximetry during liver transplantation, a case report,” Anesth. Analg. 104, S-31 (2007).

Q. Liu and N. Ramanujam, “Scaling method for fast Monte Carlo simulation of diffuse reflectance spectra from multilayered turbid media,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 24(4), 1011–1025 (2007).
[Crossref]

G. M. Palmer and N. Ramanujam, “Monte Carlo-based inverse model for calculating tissue optical properties. Part I: Theory and validation on synthetic phantoms,” Appl. Opt. 45(5), 1062–1071 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

G. M. Palmer, C. Zhu, T. M. Breslin, F. Xu, K. W. Gilchrist, and N. Ramanujam, “Monte Carlo-based inverse model for calculating tissue optical properties. Part II: Application to breast cancer diagnosis,” Appl. Opt. 45(5), 1072–1078 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Perioperative Blood Transfusion and Adjuvant Therapies, “Practice guidelines for perioperative blood transfusion and adjuvant therapies: an updated report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Perioperative Blood Transfusion and Adjuvant Therapies,” Anesthesiology 105(1), 198–208 (2006).
[PubMed]

J. W. McMurdy, G. D. Jay, S. Suner, F. M. Trespalacios, and G. P. Crawford, “Diffuse reflectance spectra of the palpebral conjunctiva and its utility as a noninvasive indicator of total hemoglobin,” J. Biomed. Opt. 11(1), 014019 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. A. Benaron, I. H. Parachikov, W.-F. Cheong, S. Friedland, B. E. Rubinsky, D. M. Otten, F. W. H. Liu, C. J. Levinson, A. L. Murphy, J. W. Price, Y. Talmi, J. P. Weersing, J. L. Duckworth, U. B. Hörchner, and E. L. Kermit, “Design of a visible-light spectroscopy clinical tissue oximeter,” J. Biomed. Opt. 10(4), 044005 (2005).
[Crossref]

R. O. Esenaliev, Y. Y. Petrov, O. Hartrumpf, D. J. Deyo, and D. S. Prough, “Continuous, noninvasive monitoring of total hemoglobin concentration by an optoacoustic technique,” Appl. Opt. 43(17), 3401–3407 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. G. Nadeau and W. Groner, “The role of a new noninvasive imaging technology in the diagnosis of anemia,” J. Nutr. 131(5), 1610S–1614S (2001).
[PubMed]

X. Wu, S. Yeh, T. W. Jeng, and O. S. Khalil, “Noninvasive determination of hemoglobin and hematocrit using a temperature-controlled localized reflectance tissue photometer,” Anal. Biochem. 287(2), 284–293 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Zhang, B. R. Soller, S. Kaur, K. Perras, and T. J. Vandersalm, “Investigation of noninvasive in vivo blood hematocrit measurement using NIR reflectance spectroscopy and partial least-squares regression,” Appl. Spectrosc. 54(2), 294–299 (2000).
[Crossref]

R. D. Braun, M. W. Dewhirst, and D. L. Hatchell, “Quantification of erythrocyte flow in the choroid of the albino rat,” Am. J. Physiol. 272(3 Pt 2), H1444–H1453 (1997).
[PubMed]

E. Chan, B. Sorg, D. Protsenko, M. O'Neil, M. Motamedi, and A. Welch, “Effects of compression on soft tissue optical properties,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. 2(4), 943–950 (1996).
[Crossref]

M. G. Mythen and A. R. Webb, “Intra-operative gut mucosal hypoperfusion is associated with increased post-operative complications and cost,” Intensive Care Med. 20(2), 99–104 (1994).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

B. R. Duling and C. Desjardins, “Capillary hematocrit – what does it mean?” News Physiol. Sci. 2, 66–69 (1987).

R. Reif, M. S. Amorosino, K. W. Calabro, O. A’Amar, S. K. Singh, and I. J. Bigio, “Analysis of changes in reflectance measurements on biological tissues subjected to different probe pressures,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(1), 010502 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. R. Macknet, P. Kimball-Jones, R. Applegate, and M. Allard, “Continuous non-invasive measurement of hemoglobin via pulse CO-oximetry during liver transplantation, a case report,” Anesth. Analg. 104, S-31 (2007).

R. Reif, M. S. Amorosino, K. W. Calabro, O. A’Amar, S. K. Singh, and I. J. Bigio, “Analysis of changes in reflectance measurements on biological tissues subjected to different probe pressures,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(1), 010502 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. R. Macknet, S. Norton, P. Kimball-Jones, and R. Applegate, “Continuous noninvasive measurement of hemoglobin via pulse CO-oximetry,” Anesth. Analg. 104, S-32 (2007).

M. R. Macknet, P. Kimball-Jones, R. Applegate, and M. Allard, “Continuous non-invasive measurement of hemoglobin via pulse CO-oximetry during liver transplantation, a case report,” Anesth. Analg. 104, S-31 (2007).

K. Vishwanath, H. Yuan, W. T. Barry, M. W. Dewhirst, and N. Ramanujam, “Using optical spectroscopy to longitudinally monitor physiological changes within solid tumors,” Neoplasia 11(9), 889–900 (2009).
[PubMed]

D. A. Benaron, I. H. Parachikov, W.-F. Cheong, S. Friedland, B. E. Rubinsky, D. M. Otten, F. W. H. Liu, C. J. Levinson, A. L. Murphy, J. W. Price, Y. Talmi, J. P. Weersing, J. L. Duckworth, U. B. Hörchner, and E. L. Kermit, “Design of a visible-light spectroscopy clinical tissue oximeter,” J. Biomed. Opt. 10(4), 044005 (2005).
[Crossref]

J. E. Bender, K. Vishwanath, L. K. Moore, J. Q. Brown, V. Chang, G. M. Palmer, and N. Ramanujam, “A robust Monte Carlo model for the extraction of biological absorption and scattering in vivo,” IEEE T. Biomed. Eng. (N.Y.) 56(4), 960–968 (2009).
[Crossref]

J. Y. Lo, B. Yu, H. L. Fu, J. E. Bender, G. M. Palmer, T. F. Kuech, and N. Ramanujam, “A strategy for quantitative spectral imaging of tissue absorption and scattering using light emitting diodes and photodiodes,” Opt. Express 17(3), 1372–1384 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

B. Yu, J. Y. Lo, T. F. Kuech, G. M. Palmer, J. E. Bender, and N. Ramanujam, “Cost-effective diffuse reflectance spectroscopy device for quantifying tissue absorption and scattering in vivo,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(6), 060505 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. Reif, M. S. Amorosino, K. W. Calabro, O. A’Amar, S. K. Singh, and I. J. Bigio, “Analysis of changes in reflectance measurements on biological tissues subjected to different probe pressures,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(1), 010502 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. D. Braun, M. W. Dewhirst, and D. L. Hatchell, “Quantification of erythrocyte flow in the choroid of the albino rat,” Am. J. Physiol. 272(3 Pt 2), H1444–H1453 (1997).
[PubMed]

G. M. Palmer, C. Zhu, T. M. Breslin, F. Xu, K. W. Gilchrist, and N. Ramanujam, “Monte Carlo-based inverse model for calculating tissue optical properties. Part II: Application to breast cancer diagnosis,” Appl. Opt. 45(5), 1072–1078 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. E. Bender, K. Vishwanath, L. K. Moore, J. Q. Brown, V. Chang, G. M. Palmer, and N. Ramanujam, “A robust Monte Carlo model for the extraction of biological absorption and scattering in vivo,” IEEE T. Biomed. Eng. (N.Y.) 56(4), 960–968 (2009).
[Crossref]

R. Reif, M. S. Amorosino, K. W. Calabro, O. A’Amar, S. K. Singh, and I. J. Bigio, “Analysis of changes in reflectance measurements on biological tissues subjected to different probe pressures,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(1), 010502 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

E. Chan, B. Sorg, D. Protsenko, M. O'Neil, M. Motamedi, and A. Welch, “Effects of compression on soft tissue optical properties,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. 2(4), 943–950 (1996).
[Crossref]

K. Vishwanath, D. Klein, K. Chang, T. Schroeder, M. W. Dewhirst, and N. Ramanujam, “Quantitative optical spectroscopy can identify long-term local tumor control in irradiated murine head and neck xenografts,” J. Biomed. Opt. 14(5), 054051 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. E. Bender, K. Vishwanath, L. K. Moore, J. Q. Brown, V. Chang, G. M. Palmer, and N. Ramanujam, “A robust Monte Carlo model for the extraction of biological absorption and scattering in vivo,” IEEE T. Biomed. Eng. (N.Y.) 56(4), 960–968 (2009).
[Crossref]

D. A. Benaron, I. H. Parachikov, W.-F. Cheong, S. Friedland, B. E. Rubinsky, D. M. Otten, F. W. H. Liu, C. J. Levinson, A. L. Murphy, J. W. Price, Y. Talmi, J. P. Weersing, J. L. Duckworth, U. B. Hörchner, and E. L. Kermit, “Design of a visible-light spectroscopy clinical tissue oximeter,” J. Biomed. Opt. 10(4), 044005 (2005).
[Crossref]

J. W. McMurdy, G. D. Jay, S. Suner, and G. Crawford, “Noninvasive optical, electrical, and acoustic methods of total hemoglobin determination,” Clin. Chem. 54(2), 264–272 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. W. McMurdy, G. D. Jay, S. Suner, F. M. Trespalacios, and G. P. Crawford, “Diffuse reflectance spectra of the palpebral conjunctiva and its utility as a noninvasive indicator of total hemoglobin,” J. Biomed. Opt. 11(1), 014019 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

B. R. Duling and C. Desjardins, “Capillary hematocrit – what does it mean?” News Physiol. Sci. 2, 66–69 (1987).

K. Vishwanath, H. Yuan, W. T. Barry, M. W. Dewhirst, and N. Ramanujam, “Using optical spectroscopy to longitudinally monitor physiological changes within solid tumors,” Neoplasia 11(9), 889–900 (2009).
[PubMed]

K. Vishwanath, D. Klein, K. Chang, T. Schroeder, M. W. Dewhirst, and N. Ramanujam, “Quantitative optical spectroscopy can identify long-term local tumor control in irradiated murine head and neck xenografts,” J. Biomed. Opt. 14(5), 054051 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. D. Braun, M. W. Dewhirst, and D. L. Hatchell, “Quantification of erythrocyte flow in the choroid of the albino rat,” Am. J. Physiol. 272(3 Pt 2), H1444–H1453 (1997).
[PubMed]

R. O. Esenaliev, Y. Y. Petrov, O. Hartrumpf, D. J. Deyo, and D. S. Prough, “Continuous, noninvasive monitoring of total hemoglobin concentration by an optoacoustic technique,” Appl. Opt. 43(17), 3401–3407 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. A. Benaron, I. H. Parachikov, W.-F. Cheong, S. Friedland, B. E. Rubinsky, D. M. Otten, F. W. H. Liu, C. J. Levinson, A. L. Murphy, J. W. Price, Y. Talmi, J. P. Weersing, J. L. Duckworth, U. B. Hörchner, and E. L. Kermit, “Design of a visible-light spectroscopy clinical tissue oximeter,” J. Biomed. Opt. 10(4), 044005 (2005).
[Crossref]

B. R. Duling and C. Desjardins, “Capillary hematocrit – what does it mean?” News Physiol. Sci. 2, 66–69 (1987).

R. O. Esenaliev, Y. Y. Petrov, O. Hartrumpf, D. J. Deyo, and D. S. Prough, “Continuous, noninvasive monitoring of total hemoglobin concentration by an optoacoustic technique,” Appl. Opt. 43(17), 3401–3407 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. A. Benaron, I. H. Parachikov, W.-F. Cheong, S. Friedland, B. E. Rubinsky, D. M. Otten, F. W. H. Liu, C. J. Levinson, A. L. Murphy, J. W. Price, Y. Talmi, J. P. Weersing, J. L. Duckworth, U. B. Hörchner, and E. L. Kermit, “Design of a visible-light spectroscopy clinical tissue oximeter,” J. Biomed. Opt. 10(4), 044005 (2005).
[Crossref]

J. Y. Lo, B. Yu, H. L. Fu, J. E. Bender, G. M. Palmer, T. F. Kuech, and N. Ramanujam, “A strategy for quantitative spectral imaging of tissue absorption and scattering using light emitting diodes and photodiodes,” Opt. Express 17(3), 1372–1384 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

G. M. Palmer, C. Zhu, T. M. Breslin, F. Xu, K. W. Gilchrist, and N. Ramanujam, “Monte Carlo-based inverse model for calculating tissue optical properties. Part II: Application to breast cancer diagnosis,” Appl. Opt. 45(5), 1072–1078 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. G. Nadeau and W. Groner, “The role of a new noninvasive imaging technology in the diagnosis of anemia,” J. Nutr. 131(5), 1610S–1614S (2001).
[PubMed]

R. O. Esenaliev, Y. Y. Petrov, O. Hartrumpf, D. J. Deyo, and D. S. Prough, “Continuous, noninvasive monitoring of total hemoglobin concentration by an optoacoustic technique,” Appl. Opt. 43(17), 3401–3407 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. D. Braun, M. W. Dewhirst, and D. L. Hatchell, “Quantification of erythrocyte flow in the choroid of the albino rat,” Am. J. Physiol. 272(3 Pt 2), H1444–H1453 (1997).
[PubMed]

D. A. Benaron, I. H. Parachikov, W.-F. Cheong, S. Friedland, B. E. Rubinsky, D. M. Otten, F. W. H. Liu, C. J. Levinson, A. L. Murphy, J. W. Price, Y. Talmi, J. P. Weersing, J. L. Duckworth, U. B. Hörchner, and E. L. Kermit, “Design of a visible-light spectroscopy clinical tissue oximeter,” J. Biomed. Opt. 10(4), 044005 (2005).
[Crossref]

J. W. McMurdy, G. D. Jay, S. Suner, and G. Crawford, “Noninvasive optical, electrical, and acoustic methods of total hemoglobin determination,” Clin. Chem. 54(2), 264–272 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. W. McMurdy, G. D. Jay, S. Suner, F. M. Trespalacios, and G. P. Crawford, “Diffuse reflectance spectra of the palpebral conjunctiva and its utility as a noninvasive indicator of total hemoglobin,” J. Biomed. Opt. 11(1), 014019 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

X. Wu, S. Yeh, T. W. Jeng, and O. S. Khalil, “Noninvasive determination of hemoglobin and hematocrit using a temperature-controlled localized reflectance tissue photometer,” Anal. Biochem. 287(2), 284–293 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Zhang, B. R. Soller, S. Kaur, K. Perras, and T. J. Vandersalm, “Investigation of noninvasive in vivo blood hematocrit measurement using NIR reflectance spectroscopy and partial least-squares regression,” Appl. Spectrosc. 54(2), 294–299 (2000).
[Crossref]

D. A. Benaron, I. H. Parachikov, W.-F. Cheong, S. Friedland, B. E. Rubinsky, D. M. Otten, F. W. H. Liu, C. J. Levinson, A. L. Murphy, J. W. Price, Y. Talmi, J. P. Weersing, J. L. Duckworth, U. B. Hörchner, and E. L. Kermit, “Design of a visible-light spectroscopy clinical tissue oximeter,” J. Biomed. Opt. 10(4), 044005 (2005).
[Crossref]

X. Wu, S. Yeh, T. W. Jeng, and O. S. Khalil, “Noninvasive determination of hemoglobin and hematocrit using a temperature-controlled localized reflectance tissue photometer,” Anal. Biochem. 287(2), 284–293 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. R. Macknet, S. Norton, P. Kimball-Jones, and R. Applegate, “Continuous noninvasive measurement of hemoglobin via pulse CO-oximetry,” Anesth. Analg. 104, S-32 (2007).

M. R. Macknet, P. Kimball-Jones, R. Applegate, and M. Allard, “Continuous non-invasive measurement of hemoglobin via pulse CO-oximetry during liver transplantation, a case report,” Anesth. Analg. 104, S-31 (2007).

K. Vishwanath, D. Klein, K. Chang, T. Schroeder, M. W. Dewhirst, and N. Ramanujam, “Quantitative optical spectroscopy can identify long-term local tumor control in irradiated murine head and neck xenografts,” J. Biomed. Opt. 14(5), 054051 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Y. Lo, B. Yu, H. L. Fu, J. E. Bender, G. M. Palmer, T. F. Kuech, and N. Ramanujam, “A strategy for quantitative spectral imaging of tissue absorption and scattering using light emitting diodes and photodiodes,” Opt. Express 17(3), 1372–1384 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

B. Yu, J. Y. Lo, T. F. Kuech, G. M. Palmer, J. E. Bender, and N. Ramanujam, “Cost-effective diffuse reflectance spectroscopy device for quantifying tissue absorption and scattering in vivo,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(6), 060505 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. A. Benaron, I. H. Parachikov, W.-F. Cheong, S. Friedland, B. E. Rubinsky, D. M. Otten, F. W. H. Liu, C. J. Levinson, A. L. Murphy, J. W. Price, Y. Talmi, J. P. Weersing, J. L. Duckworth, U. B. Hörchner, and E. L. Kermit, “Design of a visible-light spectroscopy clinical tissue oximeter,” J. Biomed. Opt. 10(4), 044005 (2005).
[Crossref]

Y. Ti and W. C. Lin, “Effects of probe contact pressure on in vivo optical spectroscopy,” Opt. Express 16(6), 4250–4262 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. A. Benaron, I. H. Parachikov, W.-F. Cheong, S. Friedland, B. E. Rubinsky, D. M. Otten, F. W. H. Liu, C. J. Levinson, A. L. Murphy, J. W. Price, Y. Talmi, J. P. Weersing, J. L. Duckworth, U. B. Hörchner, and E. L. Kermit, “Design of a visible-light spectroscopy clinical tissue oximeter,” J. Biomed. Opt. 10(4), 044005 (2005).
[Crossref]

Q. Liu and N. Ramanujam, “Scaling method for fast Monte Carlo simulation of diffuse reflectance spectra from multilayered turbid media,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 24(4), 1011–1025 (2007).
[Crossref]

J. Y. Lo, B. Yu, H. L. Fu, J. E. Bender, G. M. Palmer, T. F. Kuech, and N. Ramanujam, “A strategy for quantitative spectral imaging of tissue absorption and scattering using light emitting diodes and photodiodes,” Opt. Express 17(3), 1372–1384 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

B. Yu, J. Y. Lo, T. F. Kuech, G. M. Palmer, J. E. Bender, and N. Ramanujam, “Cost-effective diffuse reflectance spectroscopy device for quantifying tissue absorption and scattering in vivo,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(6), 060505 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. R. Macknet, P. Kimball-Jones, R. Applegate, and M. Allard, “Continuous non-invasive measurement of hemoglobin via pulse CO-oximetry during liver transplantation, a case report,” Anesth. Analg. 104, S-31 (2007).

M. R. Macknet, S. Norton, P. Kimball-Jones, and R. Applegate, “Continuous noninvasive measurement of hemoglobin via pulse CO-oximetry,” Anesth. Analg. 104, S-32 (2007).

J. W. McMurdy, G. D. Jay, S. Suner, and G. Crawford, “Noninvasive optical, electrical, and acoustic methods of total hemoglobin determination,” Clin. Chem. 54(2), 264–272 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. W. McMurdy, G. D. Jay, S. Suner, F. M. Trespalacios, and G. P. Crawford, “Diffuse reflectance spectra of the palpebral conjunctiva and its utility as a noninvasive indicator of total hemoglobin,” J. Biomed. Opt. 11(1), 014019 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. E. Bender, K. Vishwanath, L. K. Moore, J. Q. Brown, V. Chang, G. M. Palmer, and N. Ramanujam, “A robust Monte Carlo model for the extraction of biological absorption and scattering in vivo,” IEEE T. Biomed. Eng. (N.Y.) 56(4), 960–968 (2009).
[Crossref]

E. Chan, B. Sorg, D. Protsenko, M. O'Neil, M. Motamedi, and A. Welch, “Effects of compression on soft tissue optical properties,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. 2(4), 943–950 (1996).
[Crossref]

D. A. Benaron, I. H. Parachikov, W.-F. Cheong, S. Friedland, B. E. Rubinsky, D. M. Otten, F. W. H. Liu, C. J. Levinson, A. L. Murphy, J. W. Price, Y. Talmi, J. P. Weersing, J. L. Duckworth, U. B. Hörchner, and E. L. Kermit, “Design of a visible-light spectroscopy clinical tissue oximeter,” J. Biomed. Opt. 10(4), 044005 (2005).
[Crossref]

M. G. Mythen and A. R. Webb, “Intra-operative gut mucosal hypoperfusion is associated with increased post-operative complications and cost,” Intensive Care Med. 20(2), 99–104 (1994).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. G. Nadeau and W. Groner, “The role of a new noninvasive imaging technology in the diagnosis of anemia,” J. Nutr. 131(5), 1610S–1614S (2001).
[PubMed]

M. R. Macknet, S. Norton, P. Kimball-Jones, and R. Applegate, “Continuous noninvasive measurement of hemoglobin via pulse CO-oximetry,” Anesth. Analg. 104, S-32 (2007).

W. Secomski, A. Nowicki, P. Tortoli, and R. Olszewski, “Multigate Doppler measurements of ultrasonic attenuation and blood hematocrit in human arteries,” Ultrasound Med. Biol. 35(2), 230–236 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

W. Secomski, A. Nowicki, P. Tortoli, and R. Olszewski, “Multigate Doppler measurements of ultrasonic attenuation and blood hematocrit in human arteries,” Ultrasound Med. Biol. 35(2), 230–236 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

E. Chan, B. Sorg, D. Protsenko, M. O'Neil, M. Motamedi, and A. Welch, “Effects of compression on soft tissue optical properties,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. 2(4), 943–950 (1996).
[Crossref]

D. A. Benaron, I. H. Parachikov, W.-F. Cheong, S. Friedland, B. E. Rubinsky, D. M. Otten, F. W. H. Liu, C. J. Levinson, A. L. Murphy, J. W. Price, Y. Talmi, J. P. Weersing, J. L. Duckworth, U. B. Hörchner, and E. L. Kermit, “Design of a visible-light spectroscopy clinical tissue oximeter,” J. Biomed. Opt. 10(4), 044005 (2005).
[Crossref]

J. E. Bender, K. Vishwanath, L. K. Moore, J. Q. Brown, V. Chang, G. M. Palmer, and N. Ramanujam, “A robust Monte Carlo model for the extraction of biological absorption and scattering in vivo,” IEEE T. Biomed. Eng. (N.Y.) 56(4), 960–968 (2009).
[Crossref]

J. Y. Lo, B. Yu, H. L. Fu, J. E. Bender, G. M. Palmer, T. F. Kuech, and N. Ramanujam, “A strategy for quantitative spectral imaging of tissue absorption and scattering using light emitting diodes and photodiodes,” Opt. Express 17(3), 1372–1384 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

B. Yu, J. Y. Lo, T. F. Kuech, G. M. Palmer, J. E. Bender, and N. Ramanujam, “Cost-effective diffuse reflectance spectroscopy device for quantifying tissue absorption and scattering in vivo,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(6), 060505 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

G. M. Palmer and N. Ramanujam, “Monte Carlo-based inverse model for calculating tissue optical properties. Part I: Theory and validation on synthetic phantoms,” Appl. Opt. 45(5), 1062–1071 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

G. M. Palmer, C. Zhu, T. M. Breslin, F. Xu, K. W. Gilchrist, and N. Ramanujam, “Monte Carlo-based inverse model for calculating tissue optical properties. Part II: Application to breast cancer diagnosis,” Appl. Opt. 45(5), 1072–1078 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. A. Benaron, I. H. Parachikov, W.-F. Cheong, S. Friedland, B. E. Rubinsky, D. M. Otten, F. W. H. Liu, C. J. Levinson, A. L. Murphy, J. W. Price, Y. Talmi, J. P. Weersing, J. L. Duckworth, U. B. Hörchner, and E. L. Kermit, “Design of a visible-light spectroscopy clinical tissue oximeter,” J. Biomed. Opt. 10(4), 044005 (2005).
[Crossref]

S. Zhang, B. R. Soller, S. Kaur, K. Perras, and T. J. Vandersalm, “Investigation of noninvasive in vivo blood hematocrit measurement using NIR reflectance spectroscopy and partial least-squares regression,” Appl. Spectrosc. 54(2), 294–299 (2000).
[Crossref]

R. O. Esenaliev, Y. Y. Petrov, O. Hartrumpf, D. J. Deyo, and D. S. Prough, “Continuous, noninvasive monitoring of total hemoglobin concentration by an optoacoustic technique,” Appl. Opt. 43(17), 3401–3407 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. A. Benaron, I. H. Parachikov, W.-F. Cheong, S. Friedland, B. E. Rubinsky, D. M. Otten, F. W. H. Liu, C. J. Levinson, A. L. Murphy, J. W. Price, Y. Talmi, J. P. Weersing, J. L. Duckworth, U. B. Hörchner, and E. L. Kermit, “Design of a visible-light spectroscopy clinical tissue oximeter,” J. Biomed. Opt. 10(4), 044005 (2005).
[Crossref]

E. Chan, B. Sorg, D. Protsenko, M. O'Neil, M. Motamedi, and A. Welch, “Effects of compression on soft tissue optical properties,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. 2(4), 943–950 (1996).
[Crossref]

R. O. Esenaliev, Y. Y. Petrov, O. Hartrumpf, D. J. Deyo, and D. S. Prough, “Continuous, noninvasive monitoring of total hemoglobin concentration by an optoacoustic technique,” Appl. Opt. 43(17), 3401–3407 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Y. Lo, B. Yu, H. L. Fu, J. E. Bender, G. M. Palmer, T. F. Kuech, and N. Ramanujam, “A strategy for quantitative spectral imaging of tissue absorption and scattering using light emitting diodes and photodiodes,” Opt. Express 17(3), 1372–1384 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. E. Bender, K. Vishwanath, L. K. Moore, J. Q. Brown, V. Chang, G. M. Palmer, and N. Ramanujam, “A robust Monte Carlo model for the extraction of biological absorption and scattering in vivo,” IEEE T. Biomed. Eng. (N.Y.) 56(4), 960–968 (2009).
[Crossref]

K. Vishwanath, H. Yuan, W. T. Barry, M. W. Dewhirst, and N. Ramanujam, “Using optical spectroscopy to longitudinally monitor physiological changes within solid tumors,” Neoplasia 11(9), 889–900 (2009).
[PubMed]

K. Vishwanath, D. Klein, K. Chang, T. Schroeder, M. W. Dewhirst, and N. Ramanujam, “Quantitative optical spectroscopy can identify long-term local tumor control in irradiated murine head and neck xenografts,” J. Biomed. Opt. 14(5), 054051 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

B. Yu, J. Y. Lo, T. F. Kuech, G. M. Palmer, J. E. Bender, and N. Ramanujam, “Cost-effective diffuse reflectance spectroscopy device for quantifying tissue absorption and scattering in vivo,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(6), 060505 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Q. Liu and N. Ramanujam, “Scaling method for fast Monte Carlo simulation of diffuse reflectance spectra from multilayered turbid media,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 24(4), 1011–1025 (2007).
[Crossref]

G. M. Palmer and N. Ramanujam, “Monte Carlo-based inverse model for calculating tissue optical properties. Part I: Theory and validation on synthetic phantoms,” Appl. Opt. 45(5), 1062–1071 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

G. M. Palmer, C. Zhu, T. M. Breslin, F. Xu, K. W. Gilchrist, and N. Ramanujam, “Monte Carlo-based inverse model for calculating tissue optical properties. Part II: Application to breast cancer diagnosis,” Appl. Opt. 45(5), 1072–1078 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. Reif, M. S. Amorosino, K. W. Calabro, O. A’Amar, S. K. Singh, and I. J. Bigio, “Analysis of changes in reflectance measurements on biological tissues subjected to different probe pressures,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(1), 010502 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. A. Benaron, I. H. Parachikov, W.-F. Cheong, S. Friedland, B. E. Rubinsky, D. M. Otten, F. W. H. Liu, C. J. Levinson, A. L. Murphy, J. W. Price, Y. Talmi, J. P. Weersing, J. L. Duckworth, U. B. Hörchner, and E. L. Kermit, “Design of a visible-light spectroscopy clinical tissue oximeter,” J. Biomed. Opt. 10(4), 044005 (2005).
[Crossref]

K. Vishwanath, D. Klein, K. Chang, T. Schroeder, M. W. Dewhirst, and N. Ramanujam, “Quantitative optical spectroscopy can identify long-term local tumor control in irradiated murine head and neck xenografts,” J. Biomed. Opt. 14(5), 054051 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

W. Secomski, A. Nowicki, P. Tortoli, and R. Olszewski, “Multigate Doppler measurements of ultrasonic attenuation and blood hematocrit in human arteries,” Ultrasound Med. Biol. 35(2), 230–236 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. Reif, M. S. Amorosino, K. W. Calabro, O. A’Amar, S. K. Singh, and I. J. Bigio, “Analysis of changes in reflectance measurements on biological tissues subjected to different probe pressures,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(1), 010502 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Zhang, B. R. Soller, S. Kaur, K. Perras, and T. J. Vandersalm, “Investigation of noninvasive in vivo blood hematocrit measurement using NIR reflectance spectroscopy and partial least-squares regression,” Appl. Spectrosc. 54(2), 294–299 (2000).
[Crossref]

E. Chan, B. Sorg, D. Protsenko, M. O'Neil, M. Motamedi, and A. Welch, “Effects of compression on soft tissue optical properties,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. 2(4), 943–950 (1996).
[Crossref]

J. W. McMurdy, G. D. Jay, S. Suner, and G. Crawford, “Noninvasive optical, electrical, and acoustic methods of total hemoglobin determination,” Clin. Chem. 54(2), 264–272 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. W. McMurdy, G. D. Jay, S. Suner, F. M. Trespalacios, and G. P. Crawford, “Diffuse reflectance spectra of the palpebral conjunctiva and its utility as a noninvasive indicator of total hemoglobin,” J. Biomed. Opt. 11(1), 014019 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. A. Benaron, I. H. Parachikov, W.-F. Cheong, S. Friedland, B. E. Rubinsky, D. M. Otten, F. W. H. Liu, C. J. Levinson, A. L. Murphy, J. W. Price, Y. Talmi, J. P. Weersing, J. L. Duckworth, U. B. Hörchner, and E. L. Kermit, “Design of a visible-light spectroscopy clinical tissue oximeter,” J. Biomed. Opt. 10(4), 044005 (2005).
[Crossref]

Y. Ti and W. C. Lin, “Effects of probe contact pressure on in vivo optical spectroscopy,” Opt. Express 16(6), 4250–4262 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

W. Secomski, A. Nowicki, P. Tortoli, and R. Olszewski, “Multigate Doppler measurements of ultrasonic attenuation and blood hematocrit in human arteries,” Ultrasound Med. Biol. 35(2), 230–236 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. W. McMurdy, G. D. Jay, S. Suner, F. M. Trespalacios, and G. P. Crawford, “Diffuse reflectance spectra of the palpebral conjunctiva and its utility as a noninvasive indicator of total hemoglobin,” J. Biomed. Opt. 11(1), 014019 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Zhang, B. R. Soller, S. Kaur, K. Perras, and T. J. Vandersalm, “Investigation of noninvasive in vivo blood hematocrit measurement using NIR reflectance spectroscopy and partial least-squares regression,” Appl. Spectrosc. 54(2), 294–299 (2000).
[Crossref]

J. E. Bender, K. Vishwanath, L. K. Moore, J. Q. Brown, V. Chang, G. M. Palmer, and N. Ramanujam, “A robust Monte Carlo model for the extraction of biological absorption and scattering in vivo,” IEEE T. Biomed. Eng. (N.Y.) 56(4), 960–968 (2009).
[Crossref]

K. Vishwanath, H. Yuan, W. T. Barry, M. W. Dewhirst, and N. Ramanujam, “Using optical spectroscopy to longitudinally monitor physiological changes within solid tumors,” Neoplasia 11(9), 889–900 (2009).
[PubMed]

K. Vishwanath, D. Klein, K. Chang, T. Schroeder, M. W. Dewhirst, and N. Ramanujam, “Quantitative optical spectroscopy can identify long-term local tumor control in irradiated murine head and neck xenografts,” J. Biomed. Opt. 14(5), 054051 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

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[Crossref]

E. Chan, B. Sorg, D. Protsenko, M. O'Neil, M. Motamedi, and A. Welch, “Effects of compression on soft tissue optical properties,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. 2(4), 943–950 (1996).
[Crossref]

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[Crossref] [PubMed]

G. M. Palmer, C. Zhu, T. M. Breslin, F. Xu, K. W. Gilchrist, and N. Ramanujam, “Monte Carlo-based inverse model for calculating tissue optical properties. Part II: Application to breast cancer diagnosis,” Appl. Opt. 45(5), 1072–1078 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

X. Wu, S. Yeh, T. W. Jeng, and O. S. Khalil, “Noninvasive determination of hemoglobin and hematocrit using a temperature-controlled localized reflectance tissue photometer,” Anal. Biochem. 287(2), 284–293 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Y. Lo, B. Yu, H. L. Fu, J. E. Bender, G. M. Palmer, T. F. Kuech, and N. Ramanujam, “A strategy for quantitative spectral imaging of tissue absorption and scattering using light emitting diodes and photodiodes,” Opt. Express 17(3), 1372–1384 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

B. Yu, J. Y. Lo, T. F. Kuech, G. M. Palmer, J. E. Bender, and N. Ramanujam, “Cost-effective diffuse reflectance spectroscopy device for quantifying tissue absorption and scattering in vivo,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(6), 060505 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

K. Vishwanath, H. Yuan, W. T. Barry, M. W. Dewhirst, and N. Ramanujam, “Using optical spectroscopy to longitudinally monitor physiological changes within solid tumors,” Neoplasia 11(9), 889–900 (2009).
[PubMed]

S. Zhang, B. R. Soller, S. Kaur, K. Perras, and T. J. Vandersalm, “Investigation of noninvasive in vivo blood hematocrit measurement using NIR reflectance spectroscopy and partial least-squares regression,” Appl. Spectrosc. 54(2), 294–299 (2000).
[Crossref]

G. M. Palmer, C. Zhu, T. M. Breslin, F. Xu, K. W. Gilchrist, and N. Ramanujam, “Monte Carlo-based inverse model for calculating tissue optical properties. Part II: Application to breast cancer diagnosis,” Appl. Opt. 45(5), 1072–1078 (2006).
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[Crossref] [PubMed]

G. M. Palmer and N. Ramanujam, “Monte Carlo-based inverse model for calculating tissue optical properties. Part I: Theory and validation on synthetic phantoms,” Appl. Opt. 45(5), 1062–1071 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

G. M. Palmer, C. Zhu, T. M. Breslin, F. Xu, K. W. Gilchrist, and N. Ramanujam, “Monte Carlo-based inverse model for calculating tissue optical properties. Part II: Application to breast cancer diagnosis,” Appl. Opt. 45(5), 1072–1078 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Zhang, B. R. Soller, S. Kaur, K. Perras, and T. J. Vandersalm, “Investigation of noninvasive in vivo blood hematocrit measurement using NIR reflectance spectroscopy and partial least-squares regression,” Appl. Spectrosc. 54(2), 294–299 (2000).
[Crossref]

J. W. McMurdy, G. D. Jay, S. Suner, and G. Crawford, “Noninvasive optical, electrical, and acoustic methods of total hemoglobin determination,” Clin. Chem. 54(2), 264–272 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

E. Chan, B. Sorg, D. Protsenko, M. O'Neil, M. Motamedi, and A. Welch, “Effects of compression on soft tissue optical properties,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. 2(4), 943–950 (1996).
[Crossref]

J. E. Bender, K. Vishwanath, L. K. Moore, J. Q. Brown, V. Chang, G. M. Palmer, and N. Ramanujam, “A robust Monte Carlo model for the extraction of biological absorption and scattering in vivo,” IEEE T. Biomed. Eng. (N.Y.) 56(4), 960–968 (2009).
[Crossref]

M. G. Mythen and A. R. Webb, “Intra-operative gut mucosal hypoperfusion is associated with increased post-operative complications and cost,” Intensive Care Med. 20(2), 99–104 (1994).
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R. Reif, M. S. Amorosino, K. W. Calabro, O. A’Amar, S. K. Singh, and I. J. Bigio, “Analysis of changes in reflectance measurements on biological tissues subjected to different probe pressures,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(1), 010502 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. A. Benaron, I. H. Parachikov, W.-F. Cheong, S. Friedland, B. E. Rubinsky, D. M. Otten, F. W. H. Liu, C. J. Levinson, A. L. Murphy, J. W. Price, Y. Talmi, J. P. Weersing, J. L. Duckworth, U. B. Hörchner, and E. L. Kermit, “Design of a visible-light spectroscopy clinical tissue oximeter,” J. Biomed. Opt. 10(4), 044005 (2005).
[Crossref]

K. Vishwanath, D. Klein, K. Chang, T. Schroeder, M. W. Dewhirst, and N. Ramanujam, “Quantitative optical spectroscopy can identify long-term local tumor control in irradiated murine head and neck xenografts,” J. Biomed. Opt. 14(5), 054051 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. W. McMurdy, G. D. Jay, S. Suner, F. M. Trespalacios, and G. P. Crawford, “Diffuse reflectance spectra of the palpebral conjunctiva and its utility as a noninvasive indicator of total hemoglobin,” J. Biomed. Opt. 11(1), 014019 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

B. Yu, J. Y. Lo, T. F. Kuech, G. M. Palmer, J. E. Bender, and N. Ramanujam, “Cost-effective diffuse reflectance spectroscopy device for quantifying tissue absorption and scattering in vivo,” J. Biomed. Opt. 13(6), 060505 (2008).
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[Crossref] [PubMed]

W. Secomski, A. Nowicki, P. Tortoli, and R. Olszewski, “Multigate Doppler measurements of ultrasonic attenuation and blood hematocrit in human arteries,” Ultrasound Med. Biol. 35(2), 230–236 (2009).
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