Tunable bandwidth optical rotator

Emiliya Dimova; Andon Rangelov; Elica Kyoseva

doi:10.1364/PRJ.3.000177

Abstract

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel type of polarization rotator that is capable of rotating the polarization plane of a linearly polarized light at any desired angle in either broad or narrow spectral bandwidth. The rotator comprises an array of standard half-wave plates rotated at specific angles with respect to their fast-polarization axes. The performance of the rotator depends on the number of individual half-wave plates, and in this paper we experimentally investigate the performance of two composite rotators comprising 6 and 10 half-wave plates.

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Achromatic Combinations of Half-Wave Plates

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References

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Author
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Publication

E. Hecht, Optics (Addison Wesley, 2002).
M. Born and E. Wolf, Principles of Optics (Cambridge University, 2005).
D. Goldstein and E. Collett, Polarized Light (Marcel Dekker, 2003).
M. A. Azzam and N. M. Bashara, Ellipsometry and Polarized Light (North Holland, 1977).
F. J. Duarte, Tunable Laser Optics (Elsevier Academic, 2003).
A. A. Rangelov and E. Kyoseva, “Broadband composite polarization rotator,” Opt. Commun. 338, 574–577 (2015).
[Crossref]
J. S. Kim and J. K. Chang, “Achromatic polarization rotator and circular polarizer consisting of two wave plates of the same material,” J. Korean Phys. Soc. 48, 51–55 (2006).
T. Peters, S. S. Ivanov, D. Englisch, A. A. Rangelov, N. V. Vitanov, and T. Halfmann, “Variable ultrabroadband and narrowband composite polarization retarders,” Appl. Opt. 51, 7466–7474 (2012).
[Crossref]
E. Dimova, S. S. Ivanov, G. Popkirov, and N. V. Vitanov, “Highly efficient broadband polarization retarders and tunable polarization filters made of composite stacks of ordinary wave plates,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 31, 952–956 (2014).
[Crossref]
S. Pancharatnam, “Achromatic combinations of birefringent plates. Part I: an achromatic circular polarizer,” Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. 41, 130–136 (1955).
S. Pancharatnam, “Achromatic combinations of birefringent plates. Part II: an achromatic quarter-WP,” Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. 41, 137–144 (1955).
C. J. Koester, “Achromatic combinations of half-wave plates,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 49, 405–409 (1959).
[Crossref]
A. M. Title, “Improvement of birefringent filters. 2: achromatic waveplates,” Appl. Opt. 14, 229–237 (1975).
[Crossref]
C. M. McIntyre and S. E. Harris, “Achromatic wave plates for the visible spectrum,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 58, 1575–1580 (1968).
[Crossref]
A. Ardavan, “Exploiting the Poincaré–Bloch symmetry to design high-fidelity broadband composite linear retarders,” New J. Phys. 9, 24 (2007).
[Crossref]

2015 (1)

A. A. Rangelov and E. Kyoseva, “Broadband composite polarization rotator,” Opt. Commun. 338, 574–577 (2015).
[Crossref]

2014 (1)

E. Dimova, S. S. Ivanov, G. Popkirov, and N. V. Vitanov, “Highly efficient broadband polarization retarders and tunable polarization filters made of composite stacks of ordinary wave plates,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 31, 952–956 (2014).
[Crossref]

2012 (1)

T. Peters, S. S. Ivanov, D. Englisch, A. A. Rangelov, N. V. Vitanov, and T. Halfmann, “Variable ultrabroadband and narrowband composite polarization retarders,” Appl. Opt. 51, 7466–7474 (2012).
[Crossref]

2007 (1)

A. Ardavan, “Exploiting the Poincaré–Bloch symmetry to design high-fidelity broadband composite linear retarders,” New J. Phys. 9, 24 (2007).
[Crossref]

2006 (1)

J. S. Kim and J. K. Chang, “Achromatic polarization rotator and circular polarizer consisting of two wave plates of the same material,” J. Korean Phys. Soc. 48, 51–55 (2006).

1955 (2)

S. Pancharatnam, “Achromatic combinations of birefringent plates. Part I: an achromatic circular polarizer,” Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. 41, 130–136 (1955).

S. Pancharatnam, “Achromatic combinations of birefringent plates. Part II: an achromatic quarter-WP,” Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. 41, 137–144 (1955).

Ardavan, A.

A. Ardavan, “Exploiting the Poincaré–Bloch symmetry to design high-fidelity broadband composite linear retarders,” New J. Phys. 9, 24 (2007).
[Crossref]

Azzam, M. A.

M. A. Azzam and N. M. Bashara, Ellipsometry and Polarized Light (North Holland, 1977).

Bashara, N. M.

M. A. Azzam and N. M. Bashara, Ellipsometry and Polarized Light (North Holland, 1977).

Born, M.

M. Born and E. Wolf, Principles of Optics (Cambridge University, 2005).

Chang, J. K.

J. S. Kim and J. K. Chang, “Achromatic polarization rotator and circular polarizer consisting of two wave plates of the same material,” J. Korean Phys. Soc. 48, 51–55 (2006).

Collett, E.

D. Goldstein and E. Collett, Polarized Light (Marcel Dekker, 2003).

Dimova, E.

E. Dimova, S. S. Ivanov, G. Popkirov, and N. V. Vitanov, “Highly efficient broadband polarization retarders and tunable polarization filters made of composite stacks of ordinary wave plates,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 31, 952–956 (2014).
[Crossref]

Duarte, F. J.

F. J. Duarte, Tunable Laser Optics (Elsevier Academic, 2003).

Englisch, D.

T. Peters, S. S. Ivanov, D. Englisch, A. A. Rangelov, N. V. Vitanov, and T. Halfmann, “Variable ultrabroadband and narrowband composite polarization retarders,” Appl. Opt. 51, 7466–7474 (2012).
[Crossref]

Goldstein, D.

D. Goldstein and E. Collett, Polarized Light (Marcel Dekker, 2003).

Halfmann, T.

T. Peters, S. S. Ivanov, D. Englisch, A. A. Rangelov, N. V. Vitanov, and T. Halfmann, “Variable ultrabroadband and narrowband composite polarization retarders,” Appl. Opt. 51, 7466–7474 (2012).
[Crossref]

Harris, S. E.

C. M. McIntyre and S. E. Harris, “Achromatic wave plates for the visible spectrum,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 58, 1575–1580 (1968).
[Crossref]

Hecht, E.

E. Hecht, Optics (Addison Wesley, 2002).

Ivanov, S. S.

E. Dimova, S. S. Ivanov, G. Popkirov, and N. V. Vitanov, “Highly efficient broadband polarization retarders and tunable polarization filters made of composite stacks of ordinary wave plates,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 31, 952–956 (2014).
[Crossref]

T. Peters, S. S. Ivanov, D. Englisch, A. A. Rangelov, N. V. Vitanov, and T. Halfmann, “Variable ultrabroadband and narrowband composite polarization retarders,” Appl. Opt. 51, 7466–7474 (2012).
[Crossref]

Kim, J. S.

J. S. Kim and J. K. Chang, “Achromatic polarization rotator and circular polarizer consisting of two wave plates of the same material,” J. Korean Phys. Soc. 48, 51–55 (2006).

Koester, C. J.

C. J. Koester, “Achromatic combinations of half-wave plates,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 49, 405–409 (1959).
[Crossref]

Kyoseva, E.

A. A. Rangelov and E. Kyoseva, “Broadband composite polarization rotator,” Opt. Commun. 338, 574–577 (2015).
[Crossref]

McIntyre, C. M.

C. M. McIntyre and S. E. Harris, “Achromatic wave plates for the visible spectrum,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 58, 1575–1580 (1968).
[Crossref]

Pancharatnam, S.

S. Pancharatnam, “Achromatic combinations of birefringent plates. Part I: an achromatic circular polarizer,” Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. 41, 130–136 (1955).

S. Pancharatnam, “Achromatic combinations of birefringent plates. Part II: an achromatic quarter-WP,” Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. 41, 137–144 (1955).

Peters, T.

T. Peters, S. S. Ivanov, D. Englisch, A. A. Rangelov, N. V. Vitanov, and T. Halfmann, “Variable ultrabroadband and narrowband composite polarization retarders,” Appl. Opt. 51, 7466–7474 (2012).
[Crossref]

Popkirov, G.

E. Dimova, S. S. Ivanov, G. Popkirov, and N. V. Vitanov, “Highly efficient broadband polarization retarders and tunable polarization filters made of composite stacks of ordinary wave plates,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 31, 952–956 (2014).
[Crossref]

Rangelov, A. A.

A. A. Rangelov and E. Kyoseva, “Broadband composite polarization rotator,” Opt. Commun. 338, 574–577 (2015).
[Crossref]

T. Peters, S. S. Ivanov, D. Englisch, A. A. Rangelov, N. V. Vitanov, and T. Halfmann, “Variable ultrabroadband and narrowband composite polarization retarders,” Appl. Opt. 51, 7466–7474 (2012).
[Crossref]

Title, A. M.

A. M. Title, “Improvement of birefringent filters. 2: achromatic waveplates,” Appl. Opt. 14, 229–237 (1975).
[Crossref]

Vitanov, N. V.

E. Dimova, S. S. Ivanov, G. Popkirov, and N. V. Vitanov, “Highly efficient broadband polarization retarders and tunable polarization filters made of composite stacks of ordinary wave plates,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 31, 952–956 (2014).
[Crossref]

T. Peters, S. S. Ivanov, D. Englisch, A. A. Rangelov, N. V. Vitanov, and T. Halfmann, “Variable ultrabroadband and narrowband composite polarization retarders,” Appl. Opt. 51, 7466–7474 (2012).
[Crossref]

Wolf, E.

M. Born and E. Wolf, Principles of Optics (Cambridge University, 2005).

Appl. Opt. (2)

A. M. Title, “Improvement of birefringent filters. 2: achromatic waveplates,” Appl. Opt. 14, 229–237 (1975).
[Crossref]

T. Peters, S. S. Ivanov, D. Englisch, A. A. Rangelov, N. V. Vitanov, and T. Halfmann, “Variable ultrabroadband and narrowband composite polarization retarders,” Appl. Opt. 51, 7466–7474 (2012).
[Crossref]

J. Korean Phys. Soc. (1)

J. S. Kim and J. K. Chang, “Achromatic polarization rotator and circular polarizer consisting of two wave plates of the same material,” J. Korean Phys. Soc. 48, 51–55 (2006).

J. Opt. Soc. Am. (2)

C. J. Koester, “Achromatic combinations of half-wave plates,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 49, 405–409 (1959).
[Crossref]

C. M. McIntyre and S. E. Harris, “Achromatic wave plates for the visible spectrum,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 58, 1575–1580 (1968).
[Crossref]

J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (1)

E. Dimova, S. S. Ivanov, G. Popkirov, and N. V. Vitanov, “Highly efficient broadband polarization retarders and tunable polarization filters made of composite stacks of ordinary wave plates,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 31, 952–956 (2014).
[Crossref]

New J. Phys. (1)

A. Ardavan, “Exploiting the Poincaré–Bloch symmetry to design high-fidelity broadband composite linear retarders,” New J. Phys. 9, 24 (2007).
[Crossref]

Opt. Commun. (1)

A. A. Rangelov and E. Kyoseva, “Broadband composite polarization rotator,” Opt. Commun. 338, 574–577 (2015).
[Crossref]

Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. (2)

S. Pancharatnam, “Achromatic combinations of birefringent plates. Part I: an achromatic circular polarizer,” Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. 41, 130–136 (1955).

S. Pancharatnam, “Achromatic combinations of birefringent plates. Part II: an achromatic quarter-WP,” Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. 41, 137–144 (1955).

Other (5)

E. Hecht, Optics (Addison Wesley, 2002).

M. Born and E. Wolf, Principles of Optics (Cambridge University, 2005).

D. Goldstein and E. Collett, Polarized Light (Marcel Dekker, 2003).

M. A. Azzam and N. M. Bashara, Ellipsometry and Polarized Light (North Holland, 1977).

F. J. Duarte, Tunable Laser Optics (Elsevier Academic, 2003).

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Fig. 1. Experimental setup. The source

S

, iris

I

, lens

L_{1}

, lens

L_{2}

, and polarizer

P_{1}

form a collimated beam of white polarized light. Polarizer

P_{2}

and lens

L_{3}

focus the beam of output light onto the entrance

F

of an optical fiber connected to a spectrometer. The two parts of the composite polarization rotator, which is constructed of a stack of multiple-order half-wave plates, are denoted as CPR1 and CPR2.

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 2. Measured transmittance for two different composite broadband rotators. The blue dashed line represents a rotator with six half-wave plates, while the red solid line represents a rotator with 10 half-wave plates. The black dash-dotted line represents a rotator comprising two half-wave plates for easy reference.

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 3. Measured transmittance for two different composite narrowband rotators. The blue dashed line represents a rotator with six half-wave plates, while the red solid line represents a rotator with 10 half-wave plates. The black dash-dotted line represents a rotator comprising two half-wave plates for easy reference.

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Tables (1)

Table 1. Calculated Angles (in Degrees) of the Optical Axes of the Individual Half-Wave Plates to Implement Composite Sequences of Broadband and Narrowband Half-Wave Plates

View Table

Equations (4)

Equations on this page are rendered with MathJax. Learn more.

J_{θ} (φ) = [\begin{matrix} \cos (φ / 2) & i \sin (φ / 2) e^{2 i θ} \\ i \sin (φ / 2) e^{- 2 i θ} & \cos (φ / 2) \end{matrix}],

J^{(N)} = J_{θ_{N}} (φ) J_{θ_{N - 1}} (φ) \dots J_{θ_{1}} (φ) .

BB : {[\partial_{φ}^{k} J^{(N)}]}_{φ = π} = 0 (k = 1, 2, \dots, \frac{N - 1}{2}),

NB : {[\partial_{φ}^{k} J^{(N)}]}_{φ = 2 π} = 0 (k = 1, 2, \dots, \frac{N - 1}{2}) .

Broadband Half-Wave Plates
$N$	( $θ_{1}; θ_{2}; \dots; θ_{N}$ )
3	(30; 150; 30)
5	(51.0; 79.7; 147.3; 79.7; 51.0)
Narrowband Half-Wave Plates
$N$	( $θ_{1}; θ_{2}; \dots; θ_{N}$ )
3	(150; 90; 30)
5	(137.0; 93.7; 158.2; 52.7; 31.2)

Abstract

References

2015 (1)

2014 (1)

2012 (1)

2007 (1)

2006 (1)

1975 (1)

1968 (1)

1959 (1)

1955 (2)

Ardavan, A.

Azzam, M. A.

Bashara, N. M.

Born, M.

Chang, J. K.

Collett, E.

Dimova, E.

Duarte, F. J.

Englisch, D.

Goldstein, D.

Halfmann, T.

Harris, S. E.

Hecht, E.

Ivanov, S. S.

Kim, J. S.

Koester, C. J.

Kyoseva, E.

McIntyre, C. M.

Pancharatnam, S.

Peters, T.

Popkirov, G.

Rangelov, A. A.

Title, A. M.

Vitanov, N. V.

Wolf, E.

Appl. Opt. (2)

J. Korean Phys. Soc. (1)

J. Opt. Soc. Am. (2)

J. Opt. Soc. Am. A (1)

New J. Phys. (1)

Opt. Commun. (1)

Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. (2)

Other (5)

Cited By

Figures (3)

Tables (1)

Equations (4)

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