High-order optical vortex generation in a few-mode fiber via cascaded acoustically driven vector mode conversion

Wending Zhang; Ligang Huang; Keyan Wei; Peng Li; Biqiang Jiang; Dong Mao; Feng Gao; Ting Mei; Guoquan Zhang; Jianlin Zhao

doi:10.1364/OL.41.005082

Optics Letters
Vol. 41,
Issue 21,
pp. 5082-5085
(2016)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.41.005082

High-order optical vortex generation in a few-mode fiber via cascaded acoustically driven vector mode conversion

Wending Zhang, Ligang Huang, Keyan Wei, Peng Li, Biqiang Jiang, Dong Mao, Feng Gao, Ting Mei, Guoquan Zhang, and Jianlin Zhao

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Wending Zhang, Ligang Huang, Keyan Wei, Peng Li, Biqiang Jiang, Dong Mao, Feng Gao, Ting Mei, Guoquan Zhang, and Jianlin Zhao, "High-order optical vortex generation in a few-mode fiber via cascaded acoustically driven vector mode conversion," Opt. Lett. 41, 5082-5085 (2016)

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- Diffraction and Gratings
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About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: June 7, 2016
- Revised Manuscript: September 26, 2016
- Manuscript Accepted: September 27, 2016
- Published: October 31, 2016

Abstract

We propose a method to generate the high-order optical vortex in a few-mode fiber via cascaded acoustically driven vector mode conversion. Theoretical analysis showed that the vector mode conversion induced by the acoustically induced fiber grating (AIFG) could occur between two HE modes with adjacent azimuthal numbers. In the experiment conducted at 532 nm, two AIFGs were simultaneously induced in the same segment of the fiber by a radio frequency source containing two different frequency components. One AIFG was used to convert the left- and right-handed circular polarization fundamental modes to the $\pm 1$ -order vortex modes, which were then further converted to the $\pm 2$ -order vortex modes by the other AIFG. The topological charges of the vortex modes were verified using both coaxial and off-axial interference methods, showing typical signature patterns of spiral forms and forklike fringes, respectively.

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Supplementary Material (2)

Name	Description
Visualization 1: MP4 (176 KB)	The left-handed circularly polarized mode was converted to +1 order vortex mode, which was further converted to +2 order vortex mode, as the RF source was tuned on and as its frequency was varied.
Visualization 2: MP4 (182 KB)	The right-handed circularly polarized mode was converted to -1 order vortex mode, which was further converted to -2 order vortex mode, as the RF source was tuned on and as its frequency was varied.

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Vector Mode	$Φ (φ)$
${HE}_{ℓ + 1, m}^{even}$ , $ℓ \geq 0$	$\hat{x} \cos (ℓ φ) - \hat{y} \sin (ℓ φ)$
${HE}_{ℓ + 1, m}^{odd}$ , $ℓ \geq 0$	$\hat{x} \sin (ℓ φ) + \hat{y} \cos (ℓ φ)$
${EH}_{ℓ - 1, m}^{even}$ , $ℓ \geq 2$	$\hat{x} \cos (ℓ φ) + \hat{y} \sin (ℓ φ)$
${EH}_{ℓ - 1, m}^{odd}$ , $ℓ \geq 2$	$\hat{x} \sin (ℓ φ) - \hat{y} \cos (ℓ φ)$
${TE}_{0 m}$ , $ℓ = 1$	$\hat{x} \sin φ - \hat{y} \cos φ$
${TM}_{0 m}$ , $ℓ = 1$	$\hat{x} \cos φ + \hat{y} \sin φ$

$κ_{φ}$	${HE}_{ℓ + 1, m}^{even}$	${HE}_{ℓ + 1, m}^{odd}$
${HE}_{ν + 1, m}^{even}$	$\int_{0}^{2 π} \cos [(ℓ - ν) φ] \cos φ d φ = π$	$\int_{0}^{2 π} \sin [(ν - ℓ) φ] \cos φ d φ = 0$
${HE}_{ν + 1, m}^{odd}$	$\int_{0}^{2 π} \sin [(ℓ - ν) φ] \cos φ d φ = 0$	$\int_{0}^{2 π} \cos [(ℓ - ν) φ] \cos φ d φ = π$
${EH}_{ν - 1, m}^{even}$	$\int_{0}^{2 π} \cos [(ℓ + ν) φ] \cos φ d φ = 0$	$\int_{0}^{2 π} \sin [(ℓ + ν) φ] \cos φ d φ = 0$
${EH}_{ν - 1, m}^{odd}$	$\int_{0}^{2 π} \sin [(ℓ + ν) φ] \cos φ d φ = 0$	$\int_{0}^{2 π} \cos [(ℓ + ν) φ] \cos φ d φ = 0$

Vector Mode	$Φ (φ)$
${HE}_{ℓ + 1, m}^{even}$ , $ℓ \geq 0$	$\hat{x} \cos (ℓ φ) - \hat{y} \sin (ℓ φ)$
${HE}_{ℓ + 1, m}^{odd}$ , $ℓ \geq 0$	$\hat{x} \sin (ℓ φ) + \hat{y} \cos (ℓ φ)$
${EH}_{ℓ - 1, m}^{even}$ , $ℓ \geq 2$	$\hat{x} \cos (ℓ φ) + \hat{y} \sin (ℓ φ)$
${EH}_{ℓ - 1, m}^{odd}$ , $ℓ \geq 2$	$\hat{x} \sin (ℓ φ) - \hat{y} \cos (ℓ φ)$
${TE}_{0 m}$ , $ℓ = 1$	$\hat{x} \sin φ - \hat{y} \cos φ$
${TM}_{0 m}$ , $ℓ = 1$	$\hat{x} \cos φ + \hat{y} \sin φ$

$κ_{φ}$	${HE}_{ℓ + 1, m}^{even}$	${HE}_{ℓ + 1, m}^{odd}$
${HE}_{ν + 1, m}^{even}$	$\int_{0}^{2 π} \cos [(ℓ - ν) φ] \cos φ d φ = π$	$\int_{0}^{2 π} \sin [(ν - ℓ) φ] \cos φ d φ = 0$
${HE}_{ν + 1, m}^{odd}$	$\int_{0}^{2 π} \sin [(ℓ - ν) φ] \cos φ d φ = 0$	$\int_{0}^{2 π} \cos [(ℓ - ν) φ] \cos φ d φ = π$
${EH}_{ν - 1, m}^{even}$	$\int_{0}^{2 π} \cos [(ℓ + ν) φ] \cos φ d φ = 0$	$\int_{0}^{2 π} \sin [(ℓ + ν) φ] \cos φ d φ = 0$
${EH}_{ν - 1, m}^{odd}$	$\int_{0}^{2 π} \sin [(ℓ + ν) φ] \cos φ d φ = 0$	$\int_{0}^{2 π} \cos [(ℓ + ν) φ] \cos φ d φ = 0$

Abstract

Supplementary Material (2)

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Equations (11)

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