Abstract
A number of applications require x rays of both high flux and narrow bandwidth. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate the high-efficiency generation of narrowband soft x rays from carbon nanotube foams irradiated by a femtosecond laser pulse at an intensity of ${10^{19}}\;{{\rm W/cm}^2}$. The building blocks of the foam, single-walled carbon nanotube bundles with diameters smaller than the laser skin length can be volumetrically heated and fully ionized on a femtosecond time scale. The three-dimensional network structure of the foam permits deep penetration and drastic absorption of the laser pulse, and results in bright line emissions without prominent Stark broadening. A single-shot yield of $3 \times {10^{14}}\;{\rm photons}$ in the carbon ${{\rm Ly}_\alpha}$ line at 3.37 nm was measured with a bandwidth of 0.013 nm.
© 2021 Optical Society of America
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