Abstract

A novel lead-free luminescent ferroelectric (FE) ceramic, ${{\rm Bi}_{0.5}}{{\rm Na}_{0.5}}{{\rm TiO}_3} {-} {0.{06\; \rm BaTiO}_3} {-} {0.{055\;\rm Sr}_{0.7}}{{\rm Bi}_{0.18}}{{\rm Er}_{0.02 \,\square\, 0.1}}$${{\rm TiO}_3}$ (BNT-BT-SBET), is developed with an adiabatic temperature change ($\Delta T$) of 0.7 K under an electric field ($E$) of 60 kV/cm at room temperature, an anti-Stokes fluorescence cooling, and a maximum optical $T$ sensitivity of ${0.0055}\;{{\rm K}^{ - 1}}$ at 522 K. Interestingly, the electrocaloric response reaches a saturation at permittivity shoulder $T$ of 100°C; meanwhile, the maximized emission intensity of $^2{{\rm H}_{11/2}}{ \to ^4}{{\rm I}_{15/2}}$ occurs. $T$- and $E$-tunable enhancement of $^2{{\rm H}_{11/2}}{ \to ^4}{{\rm I}_{15/2}}$ emission intensity is due to the population inversion from the $^4{{\rm S}_{3/2}}$ to $^2{{\rm H}_{11/2}}$ states caused by an incoherent regime consisting of FE phase and polar nanoregions in a relaxor matrix.

© 2020 Optical Society of America

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