Ultrashort infrared 2.5&#x2013;11&#x2009;&#x2009;&#x03BC;m pulses: spatiotemporal profiles and absolute nonlinear response of air constituents

S. Zahedpour; S. W. Hancock; H. M. Milchberg

doi:10.1364/OL.44.000843

Optics Letters
Vol. 44,
Issue 4,
pp. 843-846
(2019)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.44.000843

Ultrashort infrared 2.5–11 μm pulses: spatiotemporal profiles and absolute nonlinear response of air constituents

S. Zahedpour, S. W. Hancock, and H. M. Milchberg

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S. Zahedpour, S. W. Hancock, and H. M. Milchberg, "Ultrashort infrared 2.5–11 μm pulses: spatiotemporal profiles and absolute nonlinear response of air constituents," Opt. Lett. 44, 843-846 (2019)

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- Nonlinear Optics
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About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: November 20, 2018
- Revised Manuscript: December 20, 2018
- Manuscript Accepted: December 26, 2018
- Published: February 5, 2019

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Abstract

We measure the detailed spatiotemporal profiles of femtosecond laser pulses in the infrared wavelength range of $λ = 2.5 - 11 μm$ and the absolute nonlinear response of major air constituents ( $N_{2}$ , $O_{2}$ , and Ar) over this range. The spatiotemporal measurements reveal wavelength-dependent pulse front tilt and temporal stretching in the infrared pulses.

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$λ (μm)$ ^a	3.0	3.5	4.0	4.5	5.0	5.5	6.0	6.5	$n_{2, rot}$
$N_{2}$	$7.6 \pm 0.5$	$7.3 \pm 0.5$	$7.6 \pm 0.5$	$7.4 \pm 0.5$	$7.2 \pm 0.5$	$8.0 \pm 0.5$	$7.1 \pm 0.5$	$7.8 \pm 0.5$	23.0
$O_{2}$	$7.9 \pm 0.4$	$8.6 \pm 0.5$	$7.7 \pm 0.4$	$9.6 \pm 0.5$	$7.3 \pm 0.4$	$8.1 \pm 0.5$	$9.1 \pm 0.4$	$8.9 \pm 0.5$	53.3
Ar	$8.9 \pm 0.6$	$9.8 \pm 0.6$	$8.3 \pm 0.5$	$8.5 \pm 0.5$	$7.3 \pm 0.5$	$8.0 \pm 0.5$	$8.9 \pm 0.6$	$8.8 \pm 0.6$	0
$λ (μm)$ ^a	7.0	7.5	8.0	8.5	9.0	9.5	10.0	10.5^c	$n_{2, eff} (τ_{peak})$ ^b
$N_{2}$	$7.8 \pm 0.5$	$7.1 \pm 0.5$	$7.6 \pm 0.5$	$7.8 \pm 0.5$	$7.9 \pm 0.6$	$8.0 \pm 0.5$	$7.6 \pm 0.5$	$6.9 \pm 0.5$	32.5 (400 fs)
$O_{2}$	$8.0 \pm 0.5$	$8.5 \pm 0.5$	$7.2 \pm 0.5$	$8.3 \pm 0.5$	$7.9 \pm 0.5$	$8.8 \pm 0.6$	$7.7 \pm 0.5$	$7.3 \pm 0.5$	64.5(480 fs)
Ar	$7.8 \pm 0.5$	$9.2 \pm 0.6$	$8.6 \pm 0.6$	$9.2 \pm 0.6$	$9.2 \pm 0.6$	$9.0 \pm 0.6$	$7.4 \pm 0.6$	$7.7 \pm 0.5$	8.5 (average)

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Optics Letters