Abstract

In this Letter, we report a flexible, plane-by-plane direct write inscription method for the development of tailored, tilted fiber Bragg gratings using a femtosecond laser. Compared to ultraviolet or femtosecond laser inscription based on the phase mask, interferometric, or point-by-point methods, the presented approach is far more flexible and offers several advantages. Laser inscription is made through the fiber coating, while the grating planes are controlled to minimize birefringence, with precise control over the wavelength location and strength of cladding modes. Tenth-order gratings were produced in the $C+L$ bands so that higher-order gratings could be studied at shorter wavelengths. In particular, we show that the refractometric sensitivity depends on the grating order, ranging from $\sim 28\mathrm{nm}/\text{refractive}$ index unit (RIU) at $\sim 1510\mathrm{nm}$ to $\sim 13\mathrm{nm}/\mathrm{RIU}$ at $\sim 1260\mathrm{nm}$.

© 2017 Optical Society of America

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