Abstract

A kind of sensing scheme is theoretically proposed to efficiently tune the response range of a fiber-optic refractometer based on the adiabatic transmission of the higher-order ${\mathrm{LP}}_{11}$ mode. Near the cut-off condition, transmission of the ${\mathrm{LP}}_{11}$ mode is a strong function of the refractive index (RI) under detection; thus high sensitivity is achieved. The cut-off RI value is dependent on the waist diameter; therefore the response RI range with high sensitivity can be changed just by altering the waist diameter. Theoretical calculations reveal that the response range is effectively tuned from 1.43–1.438 to 1.35–1.365 when the waist diameter is reduced from 2.5 to 1 μm. The proposed fiber-optic sensor is also superior when used as an absorbing sensor since the higher-order mode ${\mathrm{LP}}_{11}$ has a much larger power fraction in the evanescent field compared with the fundamental mode ${\mathrm{LP}}_{01}$ of the same fiber.

© 2014 Optical Society of America

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