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Heterodyne measurement of Wigner distributions for classical optical fields

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Abstract

We demonstrate a two-window heterodyne method for measuring the xp cross correlation, E*xEp, of an optical field E for transverse position x and transverse momentum p. This scheme permits independent control of the x and p resolution. A simple linear transform of the xp correlation function yields the Wigner phase-space distribution. This technique is useful for both coherent and low-coherence light sources and may permit new biological imaging techniques based on transverse coherence measurement with time gating. We point out an interesting analogy between xp correlation measurements for classical-wave and quantum fields.

© 1999 Optical Society of America

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