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Interaction of atomic wave packets with four-wave mixing: detection of rubidium and potassium wave packets by coherent ultraviolet emission

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Abstract

The observation of an atomic wave packet by use of a coherent, nonlinear-optical process is reported. Wave packets formed in K or Rb vapor by two-photon excitation of ns and n-2d states (n=8 for K; n=11, 12 for Rb) with red 620-nm, 80–100-fs pulses were detected by four-wave mixing in pump-probe experiments. The temporal behavior of the wave packet is observed by monitoring the coherent UV radiation generated near the alkali mp2P  2S1/2 (7m12 for Rb; 5m7 for K) resonance transitions when a probe pulse is scattered by the wave packet established by the earlier (identical) pump pulse. The spatial and spectral characteristics of the UV emission are well described by axially phase-matched four-wave mixing, and all the prominent frequency components of the wave packets are associated with energy differences between pairs of excited states for which Δl=0 or Δl=2. These results demonstrate that the wave packet modulates χ3 of the medium, thus rendering the wave packet detectable.

© 1998 Optical Society of America

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