Abstract

We report the fabrication of a new type of optical waveguide: the photonic crystal fiber. It consists of a pure silica core surrounded by a silica–air photonic crystal material with a hexagonal symmetry. The fiber supports a single robust low-loss guided mode over a very broad spectral range of at least 458–1550 nm.

© 1996 Optical Society of America

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Corrections

J. C. Knight, T. A. Birks, P. St. J. Russell, and D. M. Atkin, "All-silica single-mode optical fiber with photonic crystal cladding: errata," Opt. Lett. 22, 484-485 (1997)
https://www.osapublishing.org/ol/abstract.cfm?uri=ol-22-7-484
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References

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  1. E. Yablonovitch, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 10, 283 (1993); P. St. J. Russell, Phys. World 5(8), 37 (1992); J. D. Joannopoulos, R. D. Meade, J. N. Winn, Photonic Crystals (Princeton U. Press, Princeton, N. J., 1995).
    [Crossref]
  2. P. L. Gourley, J. R. Wendt, G. A. Vawter, T. W. Brennan, B. E. Hammons, Appl. Phys. Lett. 64, 687 (1994); U. Grüning, V. Lehmann, S. Ottow, Appl. Phys. Lett. 68, 747 (1996).
    [Crossref]
  3. K. Inoue, M. Wada, K. Sakoda, A. Yamanaka, M. Hayashi, J. W. Haus, Jpn J. Appl. Phys. 33, L1463 (1994); R. Tonucci, B. L. Justus, A. J. Campillo, C. E. Ford, Science 258, 783 (1992).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  4. P. St. J. Russell, T. A. Birks, F. D. Lloyd-Lucas, in Confined Electrons and Photons, E. Burstein, C. Weisbuch, eds. (Plenum, New York, 1995), pp. 585–633.
    [Crossref]
  5. T. A. Birks, P. J. Roberts, P. St. J. Russell, D. M. Atkin, T. J. Shepherd, Electron. Lett. 31, 1941 (1995).
    [Crossref]
  6. P. Kaiser, H. W. Astle, Bell Syst. Tech. J. 53, 1021 (1974).
  7. A. W. Snyder, J. D. Love, Optical Waveguide Theory (Chapman & Hall, New York, 1983).

1995 (1)

T. A. Birks, P. J. Roberts, P. St. J. Russell, D. M. Atkin, T. J. Shepherd, Electron. Lett. 31, 1941 (1995).
[Crossref]

1994 (2)

P. L. Gourley, J. R. Wendt, G. A. Vawter, T. W. Brennan, B. E. Hammons, Appl. Phys. Lett. 64, 687 (1994); U. Grüning, V. Lehmann, S. Ottow, Appl. Phys. Lett. 68, 747 (1996).
[Crossref]

K. Inoue, M. Wada, K. Sakoda, A. Yamanaka, M. Hayashi, J. W. Haus, Jpn J. Appl. Phys. 33, L1463 (1994); R. Tonucci, B. L. Justus, A. J. Campillo, C. E. Ford, Science 258, 783 (1992).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

1993 (1)

1974 (1)

P. Kaiser, H. W. Astle, Bell Syst. Tech. J. 53, 1021 (1974).

Astle, H. W.

P. Kaiser, H. W. Astle, Bell Syst. Tech. J. 53, 1021 (1974).

Atkin, D. M.

T. A. Birks, P. J. Roberts, P. St. J. Russell, D. M. Atkin, T. J. Shepherd, Electron. Lett. 31, 1941 (1995).
[Crossref]

Birks, T. A.

T. A. Birks, P. J. Roberts, P. St. J. Russell, D. M. Atkin, T. J. Shepherd, Electron. Lett. 31, 1941 (1995).
[Crossref]

P. St. J. Russell, T. A. Birks, F. D. Lloyd-Lucas, in Confined Electrons and Photons, E. Burstein, C. Weisbuch, eds. (Plenum, New York, 1995), pp. 585–633.
[Crossref]

Brennan, T. W.

P. L. Gourley, J. R. Wendt, G. A. Vawter, T. W. Brennan, B. E. Hammons, Appl. Phys. Lett. 64, 687 (1994); U. Grüning, V. Lehmann, S. Ottow, Appl. Phys. Lett. 68, 747 (1996).
[Crossref]

Gourley, P. L.

P. L. Gourley, J. R. Wendt, G. A. Vawter, T. W. Brennan, B. E. Hammons, Appl. Phys. Lett. 64, 687 (1994); U. Grüning, V. Lehmann, S. Ottow, Appl. Phys. Lett. 68, 747 (1996).
[Crossref]

Hammons, B. E.

P. L. Gourley, J. R. Wendt, G. A. Vawter, T. W. Brennan, B. E. Hammons, Appl. Phys. Lett. 64, 687 (1994); U. Grüning, V. Lehmann, S. Ottow, Appl. Phys. Lett. 68, 747 (1996).
[Crossref]

Haus, J. W.

K. Inoue, M. Wada, K. Sakoda, A. Yamanaka, M. Hayashi, J. W. Haus, Jpn J. Appl. Phys. 33, L1463 (1994); R. Tonucci, B. L. Justus, A. J. Campillo, C. E. Ford, Science 258, 783 (1992).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Hayashi, M.

K. Inoue, M. Wada, K. Sakoda, A. Yamanaka, M. Hayashi, J. W. Haus, Jpn J. Appl. Phys. 33, L1463 (1994); R. Tonucci, B. L. Justus, A. J. Campillo, C. E. Ford, Science 258, 783 (1992).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Inoue, K.

K. Inoue, M. Wada, K. Sakoda, A. Yamanaka, M. Hayashi, J. W. Haus, Jpn J. Appl. Phys. 33, L1463 (1994); R. Tonucci, B. L. Justus, A. J. Campillo, C. E. Ford, Science 258, 783 (1992).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Kaiser, P.

P. Kaiser, H. W. Astle, Bell Syst. Tech. J. 53, 1021 (1974).

Lloyd-Lucas, F. D.

P. St. J. Russell, T. A. Birks, F. D. Lloyd-Lucas, in Confined Electrons and Photons, E. Burstein, C. Weisbuch, eds. (Plenum, New York, 1995), pp. 585–633.
[Crossref]

Love, J. D.

A. W. Snyder, J. D. Love, Optical Waveguide Theory (Chapman & Hall, New York, 1983).

Roberts, P. J.

T. A. Birks, P. J. Roberts, P. St. J. Russell, D. M. Atkin, T. J. Shepherd, Electron. Lett. 31, 1941 (1995).
[Crossref]

Russell, P. St. J.

T. A. Birks, P. J. Roberts, P. St. J. Russell, D. M. Atkin, T. J. Shepherd, Electron. Lett. 31, 1941 (1995).
[Crossref]

P. St. J. Russell, T. A. Birks, F. D. Lloyd-Lucas, in Confined Electrons and Photons, E. Burstein, C. Weisbuch, eds. (Plenum, New York, 1995), pp. 585–633.
[Crossref]

Sakoda, K.

K. Inoue, M. Wada, K. Sakoda, A. Yamanaka, M. Hayashi, J. W. Haus, Jpn J. Appl. Phys. 33, L1463 (1994); R. Tonucci, B. L. Justus, A. J. Campillo, C. E. Ford, Science 258, 783 (1992).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Shepherd, T. J.

T. A. Birks, P. J. Roberts, P. St. J. Russell, D. M. Atkin, T. J. Shepherd, Electron. Lett. 31, 1941 (1995).
[Crossref]

Snyder, A. W.

A. W. Snyder, J. D. Love, Optical Waveguide Theory (Chapman & Hall, New York, 1983).

Vawter, G. A.

P. L. Gourley, J. R. Wendt, G. A. Vawter, T. W. Brennan, B. E. Hammons, Appl. Phys. Lett. 64, 687 (1994); U. Grüning, V. Lehmann, S. Ottow, Appl. Phys. Lett. 68, 747 (1996).
[Crossref]

Wada, M.

K. Inoue, M. Wada, K. Sakoda, A. Yamanaka, M. Hayashi, J. W. Haus, Jpn J. Appl. Phys. 33, L1463 (1994); R. Tonucci, B. L. Justus, A. J. Campillo, C. E. Ford, Science 258, 783 (1992).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Wendt, J. R.

P. L. Gourley, J. R. Wendt, G. A. Vawter, T. W. Brennan, B. E. Hammons, Appl. Phys. Lett. 64, 687 (1994); U. Grüning, V. Lehmann, S. Ottow, Appl. Phys. Lett. 68, 747 (1996).
[Crossref]

Yablonovitch, E.

Yamanaka, A.

K. Inoue, M. Wada, K. Sakoda, A. Yamanaka, M. Hayashi, J. W. Haus, Jpn J. Appl. Phys. 33, L1463 (1994); R. Tonucci, B. L. Justus, A. J. Campillo, C. E. Ford, Science 258, 783 (1992).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Appl. Phys. Lett. (1)

P. L. Gourley, J. R. Wendt, G. A. Vawter, T. W. Brennan, B. E. Hammons, Appl. Phys. Lett. 64, 687 (1994); U. Grüning, V. Lehmann, S. Ottow, Appl. Phys. Lett. 68, 747 (1996).
[Crossref]

Bell Syst. Tech. J. (1)

P. Kaiser, H. W. Astle, Bell Syst. Tech. J. 53, 1021 (1974).

Electron. Lett. (1)

T. A. Birks, P. J. Roberts, P. St. J. Russell, D. M. Atkin, T. J. Shepherd, Electron. Lett. 31, 1941 (1995).
[Crossref]

J. Opt. Soc. Am. B (1)

Jpn J. Appl. Phys. (1)

K. Inoue, M. Wada, K. Sakoda, A. Yamanaka, M. Hayashi, J. W. Haus, Jpn J. Appl. Phys. 33, L1463 (1994); R. Tonucci, B. L. Justus, A. J. Campillo, C. E. Ford, Science 258, 783 (1992).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Other (2)

P. St. J. Russell, T. A. Birks, F. D. Lloyd-Lucas, in Confined Electrons and Photons, E. Burstein, C. Weisbuch, eds. (Plenum, New York, 1995), pp. 585–633.
[Crossref]

A. W. Snyder, J. D. Love, Optical Waveguide Theory (Chapman & Hall, New York, 1983).

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Figures (3)

Fig. 1
Fig. 1

Scanning electron micrograph of the photonic crystal fiber.

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Fig. 2
Fig. 2

(a) Contour plot of the recorded near-field pattern of the guided mode (λ = 632.8 nm) superimposed upon an approximately scaled portion of a scanning electron micrograph to show the relative orientation of the modal field pattern and the fiber microstructure. The field is strongly peaked in the center, and there is a factor-of-25 difference between the innermost (strongest) and the outermost intensity contours. (b) Calculated Fourier transform of the pattern, again strongly peaked in the center.

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3

Photographed far-field pattern at 632.8 nm. (b) Same as in (a) but with the central part of the field overexposed to show the higher-order spots on the fringes of the pattern, which demonstrate the integrity of the periodic structure.

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