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Large second-order nonlinearity in poled fused silica

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Abstract

A large second-order nonlinearity [ χ(2)~1pm/V~0.2χ22(2) for LiNbO3] is induced in the near-surface (~4 μm) region of commercial fused-silica optical flats by a temperature (250–325°C) and electric-field (E ~ 5 × 104 V/cm) poling process. Once formed, the nonlinearity, which is roughly 103–104 times larger than that found in fiber second-harmonic experiments, is extremely stable at room temperature and laboratory ambient. The nonlinearity can be cycled by repeated depoling (temperature only) and repoling (temperature and electric field) processes without history effects. Possible mechanisms, including nonlinear moieties and electric-field-induced second-order nonlinearities, are discussed.

© 1991 Optical Society of America

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