Abstract

Direct optical fabrication of 3D photonic crystals in a high refractive index ${\mathrm{LiNbO}}_3$ crystal by using the femtosecond laser-induced microexplosion method is investigated. The focal distortion, caused by the refractive index mismatch-induced spherical aberration, can be significantly reduced by using a so-called threshold fabrication method. As a result, 3D fcc photonic crystals are fabricated by stacking quasi-spherical voids layer by layer. Photonic stopgaps with suppression rates of up to 30% in the transmission spectra are observed. The angle dependence of the stopgaps is also revealed.

© 2006 Optical Society of America

Adaptive aberration compensation for three-dimensional micro-fabrication of photonic crystals in lithium niobate

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