Abstract

We use the Wigner transformation to study the electronic center-of-mass motion in phase-space for double ionization in a strong laser field. The rescattering mechanism is clearly visible in the evolution of the fully correlated two-electron system. In a mean-field calculation, on the other hand, the signatures of rescattering are missing. Some properties of the Wigner function in two-particle systems are reported.

©2001 Optical Society of America

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  1. D. N. Fittinghoff, P. R. Bolton, B. Chang, and K. C. Kulander, “Observation of Nonsequential Double Ionization of Helium with Optical Tunneling,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 69, 2642 (1992).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  2. B. Walker, B. Sheehy, L. F. DiMauro, P. Agostini, K. J. Schafer, and K. C. Kulander, “Precision measurement of strong field double ionization of helium,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 1227 (1994).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  3. A. Becker and F. H. M. Faisal, “Mechanism of laser-induced double ionization of helium,” J. Phys. B 29, L197 (1996).
    [Crossref]
  4. D. Bauer, “Two-dimensional, two-electron model atom in a laser pulse: Exact treatment, single-active-electron analysis, time-dependent density-functional theory, classical calculations, and non-sequential ionization,” Phys. Rev. A 56, 3028(1997).
    [Crossref]
  5. J. B. Watson, A. Sanpera, D. G. Lappas, P. L. Knight, and K. Burnett, “Nonsequential Double Ionization of Helium,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 1884 (1997).
    [Crossref]
  6. D. G. Lappas and R. van Leeuwen, “Electron correlation effects in the double ionization of He,” J. Phys. B 31, L249 (1998).
    [Crossref]
  7. W.-C. Liu, J. H. Eberly, S. L. Haan, and R. Grobe, “Correlation Effects in Two-Electron Model Atoms in Intense Laser Fields,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 520 (1999).
    [Crossref]
  8. D. Dundas, K. T. Taylor, J. S. Parker, and E. S. Smyth, “Double-ionization dynamics of laser-driven helium,” J. Phys. B 32, L231 (1999).
    [Crossref]
  9. M. Lein, E. K. U. Gross, and V. Engel, “On the mechanism of strong-field double photoionization in the helium atom,” J. Phys. B 33, 433 (2000).
    [Crossref]
  10. M. Dörr, “Double ionization in a one-cycle laser pulse,” Opt. Express 6, 111 (2000), http://www.opticsexpress.org/oearchive/source/19114.htm.
    [Crossref]
  11. Th. Weberet al., “Recoil-Ion Momentum Distributions for Single and Double Ionization of Helium in Strong Laser Fields,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 443 (2000).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  12. R. Moshammeret al., “Momentum Distributions of Nen+ Ions Created by an Intense Ultrashort Laser Pulse,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 447 (2000).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  13. Th. Weberet al., “Sequential and nonsequential contributions to double ionization in strong laser fields,” J. Phys. B 33, L127 (2000).
    [Crossref]
  14. Th. Weberet al., “Correlated electron emission in multiphoton double ionization,” Nature (London) 405, 658(2000).
    [Crossref]
  15. A. Becker and F. H. M. Faisal, “Interpretation of momentum distribution of recoil ions from laser induced nonsequential double ionization,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 3456 (2000).
    [Crossref]
  16. H. W. van der Hart, “Recollision model for double ionization of atoms in strong laser fields,” Phys. Rev. A 62, 013407 (2000).
    [Crossref]
  17. H. W. van der Hart, “Sequential versus non-sequential double ionization in strong laser fields,” J. Phys. B 33, L699 (2000).
    [Crossref]
  18. R. Kopold, W. Becker, H. Rottke, and W. Sandner, “Routes to Nonsequential Double Ionization,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 3781 (2000).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  19. B. Feuerstein, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Nonsequential multiple ionization in intense laser pulses: interpretation of ion momentum distributions within the classical ‘rescattering’ model,” J. Phys. B 33, L823 (2000).
    [Crossref]
  20. M. Lein, E. K. U. Gross, and V. Engel, “Intense-Field Double Ionization of Helium: Identifying the Mechanism,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 4707 (2000).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  21. J. Chen, J. Liu, L. B. Fu, and W. M. Zheng, “Interpretation of momentum distribution of recoil ions from laser-induced nonsequential double ionization by semiclassical rescattering model,” Phys. Rev. A 63, 011404(R) (2001).
  22. P. B. Corkum, “Plasma perspective on strong field multiphoton ionization,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 1994 (1993).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  23. M. Hillery, R. F. O’Connell, M. O. Scully, and E. P. Wigner, “Distribution functions in physics: fundamentals,” Phys. Rep. 106, 121 (1984).
    [Crossref]
  24. R. Grobe and J. H. Eberly, “Single and double ionization and strong-field stabilization of a two-electron system,” Phys. Rev. A 47, R1605 (1993).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  25. M. D. Feit, J. A. Fleck, and A. Steiger, “Solution of the Schrödinger equation by a spectral method,” J. Comput. Phys. 47, 412 (1982).
    [Crossref]

2001 (1)

J. Chen, J. Liu, L. B. Fu, and W. M. Zheng, “Interpretation of momentum distribution of recoil ions from laser-induced nonsequential double ionization by semiclassical rescattering model,” Phys. Rev. A 63, 011404(R) (2001).

2000 (12)

M. Dörr, “Double ionization in a one-cycle laser pulse,” Opt. Express 6, 111 (2000), http://www.opticsexpress.org/oearchive/source/19114.htm.
[Crossref]

M. Lein, E. K. U. Gross, and V. Engel, “On the mechanism of strong-field double photoionization in the helium atom,” J. Phys. B 33, 433 (2000).
[Crossref]

Th. Weberet al., “Recoil-Ion Momentum Distributions for Single and Double Ionization of Helium in Strong Laser Fields,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 443 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. Moshammeret al., “Momentum Distributions of Nen+ Ions Created by an Intense Ultrashort Laser Pulse,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 447 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Th. Weberet al., “Sequential and nonsequential contributions to double ionization in strong laser fields,” J. Phys. B 33, L127 (2000).
[Crossref]

Th. Weberet al., “Correlated electron emission in multiphoton double ionization,” Nature (London) 405, 658(2000).
[Crossref]

A. Becker and F. H. M. Faisal, “Interpretation of momentum distribution of recoil ions from laser induced nonsequential double ionization,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 3456 (2000).
[Crossref]

H. W. van der Hart, “Recollision model for double ionization of atoms in strong laser fields,” Phys. Rev. A 62, 013407 (2000).
[Crossref]

H. W. van der Hart, “Sequential versus non-sequential double ionization in strong laser fields,” J. Phys. B 33, L699 (2000).
[Crossref]

R. Kopold, W. Becker, H. Rottke, and W. Sandner, “Routes to Nonsequential Double Ionization,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 3781 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

B. Feuerstein, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Nonsequential multiple ionization in intense laser pulses: interpretation of ion momentum distributions within the classical ‘rescattering’ model,” J. Phys. B 33, L823 (2000).
[Crossref]

M. Lein, E. K. U. Gross, and V. Engel, “Intense-Field Double Ionization of Helium: Identifying the Mechanism,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 4707 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

1999 (2)

W.-C. Liu, J. H. Eberly, S. L. Haan, and R. Grobe, “Correlation Effects in Two-Electron Model Atoms in Intense Laser Fields,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 520 (1999).
[Crossref]

D. Dundas, K. T. Taylor, J. S. Parker, and E. S. Smyth, “Double-ionization dynamics of laser-driven helium,” J. Phys. B 32, L231 (1999).
[Crossref]

1998 (1)

D. G. Lappas and R. van Leeuwen, “Electron correlation effects in the double ionization of He,” J. Phys. B 31, L249 (1998).
[Crossref]

1997 (2)

D. Bauer, “Two-dimensional, two-electron model atom in a laser pulse: Exact treatment, single-active-electron analysis, time-dependent density-functional theory, classical calculations, and non-sequential ionization,” Phys. Rev. A 56, 3028(1997).
[Crossref]

J. B. Watson, A. Sanpera, D. G. Lappas, P. L. Knight, and K. Burnett, “Nonsequential Double Ionization of Helium,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 1884 (1997).
[Crossref]

1996 (1)

A. Becker and F. H. M. Faisal, “Mechanism of laser-induced double ionization of helium,” J. Phys. B 29, L197 (1996).
[Crossref]

1994 (1)

B. Walker, B. Sheehy, L. F. DiMauro, P. Agostini, K. J. Schafer, and K. C. Kulander, “Precision measurement of strong field double ionization of helium,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 1227 (1994).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

1993 (2)

P. B. Corkum, “Plasma perspective on strong field multiphoton ionization,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 1994 (1993).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. Grobe and J. H. Eberly, “Single and double ionization and strong-field stabilization of a two-electron system,” Phys. Rev. A 47, R1605 (1993).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

1992 (1)

D. N. Fittinghoff, P. R. Bolton, B. Chang, and K. C. Kulander, “Observation of Nonsequential Double Ionization of Helium with Optical Tunneling,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 69, 2642 (1992).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

1984 (1)

M. Hillery, R. F. O’Connell, M. O. Scully, and E. P. Wigner, “Distribution functions in physics: fundamentals,” Phys. Rep. 106, 121 (1984).
[Crossref]

1982 (1)

M. D. Feit, J. A. Fleck, and A. Steiger, “Solution of the Schrödinger equation by a spectral method,” J. Comput. Phys. 47, 412 (1982).
[Crossref]

Agostini, P.

B. Walker, B. Sheehy, L. F. DiMauro, P. Agostini, K. J. Schafer, and K. C. Kulander, “Precision measurement of strong field double ionization of helium,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 1227 (1994).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Bauer, D.

D. Bauer, “Two-dimensional, two-electron model atom in a laser pulse: Exact treatment, single-active-electron analysis, time-dependent density-functional theory, classical calculations, and non-sequential ionization,” Phys. Rev. A 56, 3028(1997).
[Crossref]

Becker, A.

A. Becker and F. H. M. Faisal, “Interpretation of momentum distribution of recoil ions from laser induced nonsequential double ionization,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 3456 (2000).
[Crossref]

A. Becker and F. H. M. Faisal, “Mechanism of laser-induced double ionization of helium,” J. Phys. B 29, L197 (1996).
[Crossref]

Becker, W.

R. Kopold, W. Becker, H. Rottke, and W. Sandner, “Routes to Nonsequential Double Ionization,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 3781 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Bolton, P. R.

D. N. Fittinghoff, P. R. Bolton, B. Chang, and K. C. Kulander, “Observation of Nonsequential Double Ionization of Helium with Optical Tunneling,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 69, 2642 (1992).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Burnett, K.

J. B. Watson, A. Sanpera, D. G. Lappas, P. L. Knight, and K. Burnett, “Nonsequential Double Ionization of Helium,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 1884 (1997).
[Crossref]

Chang, B.

D. N. Fittinghoff, P. R. Bolton, B. Chang, and K. C. Kulander, “Observation of Nonsequential Double Ionization of Helium with Optical Tunneling,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 69, 2642 (1992).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Chen, J.

J. Chen, J. Liu, L. B. Fu, and W. M. Zheng, “Interpretation of momentum distribution of recoil ions from laser-induced nonsequential double ionization by semiclassical rescattering model,” Phys. Rev. A 63, 011404(R) (2001).

Corkum, P. B.

P. B. Corkum, “Plasma perspective on strong field multiphoton ionization,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 1994 (1993).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

DiMauro, L. F.

B. Walker, B. Sheehy, L. F. DiMauro, P. Agostini, K. J. Schafer, and K. C. Kulander, “Precision measurement of strong field double ionization of helium,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 1227 (1994).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Dörr, M.

Dundas, D.

D. Dundas, K. T. Taylor, J. S. Parker, and E. S. Smyth, “Double-ionization dynamics of laser-driven helium,” J. Phys. B 32, L231 (1999).
[Crossref]

Eberly, J. H.

W.-C. Liu, J. H. Eberly, S. L. Haan, and R. Grobe, “Correlation Effects in Two-Electron Model Atoms in Intense Laser Fields,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 520 (1999).
[Crossref]

R. Grobe and J. H. Eberly, “Single and double ionization and strong-field stabilization of a two-electron system,” Phys. Rev. A 47, R1605 (1993).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Engel, V.

M. Lein, E. K. U. Gross, and V. Engel, “On the mechanism of strong-field double photoionization in the helium atom,” J. Phys. B 33, 433 (2000).
[Crossref]

M. Lein, E. K. U. Gross, and V. Engel, “Intense-Field Double Ionization of Helium: Identifying the Mechanism,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 4707 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Faisal, F. H. M.

A. Becker and F. H. M. Faisal, “Interpretation of momentum distribution of recoil ions from laser induced nonsequential double ionization,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 3456 (2000).
[Crossref]

A. Becker and F. H. M. Faisal, “Mechanism of laser-induced double ionization of helium,” J. Phys. B 29, L197 (1996).
[Crossref]

Feit, M. D.

M. D. Feit, J. A. Fleck, and A. Steiger, “Solution of the Schrödinger equation by a spectral method,” J. Comput. Phys. 47, 412 (1982).
[Crossref]

Feuerstein, B.

B. Feuerstein, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Nonsequential multiple ionization in intense laser pulses: interpretation of ion momentum distributions within the classical ‘rescattering’ model,” J. Phys. B 33, L823 (2000).
[Crossref]

Fittinghoff, D. N.

D. N. Fittinghoff, P. R. Bolton, B. Chang, and K. C. Kulander, “Observation of Nonsequential Double Ionization of Helium with Optical Tunneling,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 69, 2642 (1992).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Fleck, J. A.

M. D. Feit, J. A. Fleck, and A. Steiger, “Solution of the Schrödinger equation by a spectral method,” J. Comput. Phys. 47, 412 (1982).
[Crossref]

Fu, L. B.

J. Chen, J. Liu, L. B. Fu, and W. M. Zheng, “Interpretation of momentum distribution of recoil ions from laser-induced nonsequential double ionization by semiclassical rescattering model,” Phys. Rev. A 63, 011404(R) (2001).

Grobe, R.

W.-C. Liu, J. H. Eberly, S. L. Haan, and R. Grobe, “Correlation Effects in Two-Electron Model Atoms in Intense Laser Fields,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 520 (1999).
[Crossref]

R. Grobe and J. H. Eberly, “Single and double ionization and strong-field stabilization of a two-electron system,” Phys. Rev. A 47, R1605 (1993).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Gross, E. K. U.

M. Lein, E. K. U. Gross, and V. Engel, “On the mechanism of strong-field double photoionization in the helium atom,” J. Phys. B 33, 433 (2000).
[Crossref]

M. Lein, E. K. U. Gross, and V. Engel, “Intense-Field Double Ionization of Helium: Identifying the Mechanism,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 4707 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Haan, S. L.

W.-C. Liu, J. H. Eberly, S. L. Haan, and R. Grobe, “Correlation Effects in Two-Electron Model Atoms in Intense Laser Fields,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 520 (1999).
[Crossref]

Hillery, M.

M. Hillery, R. F. O’Connell, M. O. Scully, and E. P. Wigner, “Distribution functions in physics: fundamentals,” Phys. Rep. 106, 121 (1984).
[Crossref]

Knight, P. L.

J. B. Watson, A. Sanpera, D. G. Lappas, P. L. Knight, and K. Burnett, “Nonsequential Double Ionization of Helium,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 1884 (1997).
[Crossref]

Kopold, R.

R. Kopold, W. Becker, H. Rottke, and W. Sandner, “Routes to Nonsequential Double Ionization,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 3781 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Kulander, K. C.

B. Walker, B. Sheehy, L. F. DiMauro, P. Agostini, K. J. Schafer, and K. C. Kulander, “Precision measurement of strong field double ionization of helium,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 1227 (1994).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. N. Fittinghoff, P. R. Bolton, B. Chang, and K. C. Kulander, “Observation of Nonsequential Double Ionization of Helium with Optical Tunneling,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 69, 2642 (1992).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Lappas, D. G.

D. G. Lappas and R. van Leeuwen, “Electron correlation effects in the double ionization of He,” J. Phys. B 31, L249 (1998).
[Crossref]

J. B. Watson, A. Sanpera, D. G. Lappas, P. L. Knight, and K. Burnett, “Nonsequential Double Ionization of Helium,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 1884 (1997).
[Crossref]

Lein, M.

M. Lein, E. K. U. Gross, and V. Engel, “Intense-Field Double Ionization of Helium: Identifying the Mechanism,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 4707 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Lein, E. K. U. Gross, and V. Engel, “On the mechanism of strong-field double photoionization in the helium atom,” J. Phys. B 33, 433 (2000).
[Crossref]

Liu, J.

J. Chen, J. Liu, L. B. Fu, and W. M. Zheng, “Interpretation of momentum distribution of recoil ions from laser-induced nonsequential double ionization by semiclassical rescattering model,” Phys. Rev. A 63, 011404(R) (2001).

Liu, W.-C.

W.-C. Liu, J. H. Eberly, S. L. Haan, and R. Grobe, “Correlation Effects in Two-Electron Model Atoms in Intense Laser Fields,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 520 (1999).
[Crossref]

Moshammer, R.

B. Feuerstein, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Nonsequential multiple ionization in intense laser pulses: interpretation of ion momentum distributions within the classical ‘rescattering’ model,” J. Phys. B 33, L823 (2000).
[Crossref]

R. Moshammeret al., “Momentum Distributions of Nen+ Ions Created by an Intense Ultrashort Laser Pulse,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 447 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

O’Connell, R. F.

M. Hillery, R. F. O’Connell, M. O. Scully, and E. P. Wigner, “Distribution functions in physics: fundamentals,” Phys. Rep. 106, 121 (1984).
[Crossref]

Parker, J. S.

D. Dundas, K. T. Taylor, J. S. Parker, and E. S. Smyth, “Double-ionization dynamics of laser-driven helium,” J. Phys. B 32, L231 (1999).
[Crossref]

Rottke, H.

R. Kopold, W. Becker, H. Rottke, and W. Sandner, “Routes to Nonsequential Double Ionization,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 3781 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Sandner, W.

R. Kopold, W. Becker, H. Rottke, and W. Sandner, “Routes to Nonsequential Double Ionization,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 3781 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Sanpera, A.

J. B. Watson, A. Sanpera, D. G. Lappas, P. L. Knight, and K. Burnett, “Nonsequential Double Ionization of Helium,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 1884 (1997).
[Crossref]

Schafer, K. J.

B. Walker, B. Sheehy, L. F. DiMauro, P. Agostini, K. J. Schafer, and K. C. Kulander, “Precision measurement of strong field double ionization of helium,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 1227 (1994).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Scully, M. O.

M. Hillery, R. F. O’Connell, M. O. Scully, and E. P. Wigner, “Distribution functions in physics: fundamentals,” Phys. Rep. 106, 121 (1984).
[Crossref]

Sheehy, B.

B. Walker, B. Sheehy, L. F. DiMauro, P. Agostini, K. J. Schafer, and K. C. Kulander, “Precision measurement of strong field double ionization of helium,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 1227 (1994).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Smyth, E. S.

D. Dundas, K. T. Taylor, J. S. Parker, and E. S. Smyth, “Double-ionization dynamics of laser-driven helium,” J. Phys. B 32, L231 (1999).
[Crossref]

Steiger, A.

M. D. Feit, J. A. Fleck, and A. Steiger, “Solution of the Schrödinger equation by a spectral method,” J. Comput. Phys. 47, 412 (1982).
[Crossref]

Taylor, K. T.

D. Dundas, K. T. Taylor, J. S. Parker, and E. S. Smyth, “Double-ionization dynamics of laser-driven helium,” J. Phys. B 32, L231 (1999).
[Crossref]

Ullrich, J.

B. Feuerstein, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Nonsequential multiple ionization in intense laser pulses: interpretation of ion momentum distributions within the classical ‘rescattering’ model,” J. Phys. B 33, L823 (2000).
[Crossref]

van der Hart, H. W.

H. W. van der Hart, “Recollision model for double ionization of atoms in strong laser fields,” Phys. Rev. A 62, 013407 (2000).
[Crossref]

H. W. van der Hart, “Sequential versus non-sequential double ionization in strong laser fields,” J. Phys. B 33, L699 (2000).
[Crossref]

van Leeuwen, R.

D. G. Lappas and R. van Leeuwen, “Electron correlation effects in the double ionization of He,” J. Phys. B 31, L249 (1998).
[Crossref]

Walker, B.

B. Walker, B. Sheehy, L. F. DiMauro, P. Agostini, K. J. Schafer, and K. C. Kulander, “Precision measurement of strong field double ionization of helium,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 1227 (1994).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Watson, J. B.

J. B. Watson, A. Sanpera, D. G. Lappas, P. L. Knight, and K. Burnett, “Nonsequential Double Ionization of Helium,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 1884 (1997).
[Crossref]

Weber, Th.

Th. Weberet al., “Correlated electron emission in multiphoton double ionization,” Nature (London) 405, 658(2000).
[Crossref]

Th. Weberet al., “Sequential and nonsequential contributions to double ionization in strong laser fields,” J. Phys. B 33, L127 (2000).
[Crossref]

Th. Weberet al., “Recoil-Ion Momentum Distributions for Single and Double Ionization of Helium in Strong Laser Fields,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 443 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Wigner, E. P.

M. Hillery, R. F. O’Connell, M. O. Scully, and E. P. Wigner, “Distribution functions in physics: fundamentals,” Phys. Rep. 106, 121 (1984).
[Crossref]

Zheng, W. M.

J. Chen, J. Liu, L. B. Fu, and W. M. Zheng, “Interpretation of momentum distribution of recoil ions from laser-induced nonsequential double ionization by semiclassical rescattering model,” Phys. Rev. A 63, 011404(R) (2001).

J. Comput. Phys. (1)

M. D. Feit, J. A. Fleck, and A. Steiger, “Solution of the Schrödinger equation by a spectral method,” J. Comput. Phys. 47, 412 (1982).
[Crossref]

J. Phys. B (7)

A. Becker and F. H. M. Faisal, “Mechanism of laser-induced double ionization of helium,” J. Phys. B 29, L197 (1996).
[Crossref]

D. Dundas, K. T. Taylor, J. S. Parker, and E. S. Smyth, “Double-ionization dynamics of laser-driven helium,” J. Phys. B 32, L231 (1999).
[Crossref]

M. Lein, E. K. U. Gross, and V. Engel, “On the mechanism of strong-field double photoionization in the helium atom,” J. Phys. B 33, 433 (2000).
[Crossref]

D. G. Lappas and R. van Leeuwen, “Electron correlation effects in the double ionization of He,” J. Phys. B 31, L249 (1998).
[Crossref]

Th. Weberet al., “Sequential and nonsequential contributions to double ionization in strong laser fields,” J. Phys. B 33, L127 (2000).
[Crossref]

H. W. van der Hart, “Sequential versus non-sequential double ionization in strong laser fields,” J. Phys. B 33, L699 (2000).
[Crossref]

B. Feuerstein, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Nonsequential multiple ionization in intense laser pulses: interpretation of ion momentum distributions within the classical ‘rescattering’ model,” J. Phys. B 33, L823 (2000).
[Crossref]

Nature (London) (1)

Th. Weberet al., “Correlated electron emission in multiphoton double ionization,” Nature (London) 405, 658(2000).
[Crossref]

Opt. Express (1)

Phys. Rep. (1)

M. Hillery, R. F. O’Connell, M. O. Scully, and E. P. Wigner, “Distribution functions in physics: fundamentals,” Phys. Rep. 106, 121 (1984).
[Crossref]

Phys. Rev. A (4)

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Supplementary Material (2)

» Media 1: MOV (2350 KB)     
» Media 2: MOV (2536 KB)     

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Figures (2)

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. (2.3 MB) The time evolution of the center-of-mass phase-space distribution.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. (2.5 MB) Same as Fig. 1 in the Hartree-Fock approximation.

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Equations (10)

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H = − 1 2 ∂ 2 ∂ z 1 2 − 1 2 ∂ 2 ∂ z 2 2 − 2 z 1 2 + 1 − 2 z 2 2 + 1 + 1 ( z 1 − z 2 ) 2 + 1 + E ( t ) ( z 1 + z 2 ) .
Ψ HF ( z 1 , z 2 , t ) = φ ( z 1 , t ) φ ( z 2 , t ) .
i ∂ ∂ t φ ( z , t ) = [ − 1 2 ∂ 2 ∂ z 2 + v s ( z , t ) ] φ ( z , t )
v s ( z , t ) = − 2 z 2 + 1 + ∫ ∣ φ ( z ′ , t ) ∣ 2 ( z − z ′ ) 2 + 1 d z ′ + E ( t ) z .
w ( 1 ) ( x , p ) = ∫ φ * ( x − y 2 ) φ ( x + y 2 ) e − i p y d y .
w ( Z , P , z ) = ∫ Ψ * ( Z − y 2 − z 2 , Z − y 2 + z 2 ) Ψ ( Z + y 2 − z 2 , Z + y 2 + z 2 ) e − i P y d y .
w ( Z , P ) = ∫ w ( Z , P , z ) d z .
w HF ( Z , P ) = 1 2 [ w ( 1 ) ( Z , P 2 ) ] 2 ,
Ψ s ⁄ a ( z 1 , z 2 ) = φ 1 ( z 1 ) φ 2 ( z 2 ) ± φ 1 ( z 2 ) φ 2 ( z 1 ) .
w s ⁄ a ( Z , P ) = ∣ ∫ φ 2 * ( Z + y 2 ) φ 1 ( Z − y 2 ) e i P y ⁄ 2 d y ∣ 2 ± w φ 1 ( Z , P 2 ) w φ 2 ( Z , P 2 ) ,

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