Abstract

Recent progress in the development of superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SSPD or SNSPD) has delivered excellent performance, and has had a great impact on a range of research fields. Significant efforts are being made to further improve the technology, and a primary concern remains to resolve the trade-offs between detection efficiency (DE), timing jitter, and response speed. We present a stable and high-performance fiber-coupled niobium titanium nitride superconducting nanowire avalanche photon detector (SNAP) that resolves these trade-offs. Autocorrelation function measurement revealed an afterpulse-free operation in serially connected two SNAP (SC-2SNAP), even in the absence of a choke inductor, achieving a 7.65 times faster response speed than standard SSPDs. The SC-2SNAP device showed a system detection efficiency (SDE) of 81.0% with wide bias current margin, a dark count rate of 6.8 counts/s, and full width at half maximum timing jitter of 68 ps, operating in a practical Gifford–McMahon cryocooler system.

© 2017 Optical Society of America

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  1. S. Miki, T. Yamashita, H. Terai, and Z. Wang, “High performance fiber-coupled NbTiN superconducting nanowire single photon detectors with Gifford-McMahon cryocooler,” Opt. Express 21(8), 10208–10214 (2013).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  2. T. Yamashita, S. Miki, H. Terai, and Z. Wang, “Low-filling-factor superconducting single photon detector with high system detection efficiency,” Opt. Express 21(22), 27177–27184 (2013).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  3. F. Marsili, V. B. Verma, J. A. Stern, S. Harrington, A. E. Lita, T. Gerrits, I. Vayshenker, B. Baek, M. D. Shaw, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “Detecting single infrared photons with 93% system efficiency,” Nat. Photonics 7(3), 210–214 (2013).
    [Crossref]
  4. V. B. Verma, B. Korzh, F. Bussières, R. D. Horansky, S. D. Dyer, A. E. Lita, I. Vayshenker, F. Marsili, M. D. Shaw, H. Zbinden, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “High-efficiency superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors fabricated from MoSi thin-films,” Opt. Express 23(26), 33792–33801 (2015).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  5. L. Redaelli, G. Bulgarini, S. Dobrovolskiy, S. N. Dorenbos, V. Zwiller, E. Monroy, and J. M. Gérard, “Design of broadband high-efficiency superconducting-nanowire single photon detectors,” Supercond. Sci. Technol. 29(6), 065016 (2016).
    [Crossref]
  6. T. Yamashita, K. Waki, S. Miki, R. A. Kirkwood, R. H. Hadfield, and H. Terai, “Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors with non-periodic dielectric multilayers,” Sci. Rep. 6(1), 35240 (2016).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  7. T. Kobayashi, R. Ikuta, S. Yasui, S. Miki, T. Yamashita, H. Terai, T. Yamamoto, M. Koashi, and N. Imoto, “Frequency-domain Hong–Ou–Mandel interference,” Nat. Photonics 10(7), 441–444 (2016).
    [Crossref]
  8. D. M. Boroson, B. S. Robinson, D. V. Murphy, D. A. Burianek, F. Khatri, J. M. Kovalik, Z. Sodnik, and D. M. Cornwell, “Overview and results of the Lunar Laser Communication Demonstration,” Proc. SPIE 8971, 89710S (2014).
    [Crossref]
  9. A. McCarthy, N. J. Krichel, N. R. Gemmell, X. Ren, M. G. Tanner, S. N. Dorenbos, V. Zwiller, R. H. Hadfield, and G. S. Buller, “Kilometer-range, high resolution depth imaging via 1560 nm wavelength single-photon detection,” Opt. Express 21(7), 8904–8915 (2013).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  10. T. Yamashita, D. Liu, S. Miki, J. Yamamoto, T. Haraguchi, M. Kinjo, Y. Hiraoka, Z. Wang, and H. Terai, “Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy with visible-wavelength superconducting nanowire single-photon detector,” Opt. Express 22(23), 28783–28789 (2014).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  11. F. Marsili, F. Bellei, F. Najafi, A. E. Dane, E. A. Dauler, R. J. Molnar, and K. K. Berggren, “Efficient single photon detection from 500 nm to 5 μm wavelength,” Nano Lett. 12(9), 4799–4804 (2012).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  12. M. Ejrnaes, R. Cristiano, O. Quaranta, S. Pagano, A. Gaggero, F. Mattioli, R. Leoni, B. Voronov, and G. Gol’tsman, “A cascade switching superconducting single photon detector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(26), 262509 (2007).
    [Crossref]
  13. V. B. Verma, F. Marsili, S. Harrington, A. E. Lita, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “A three-dimensional, polarization-insensitive superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 101(25), 251114 (2012).
    [Crossref]
  14. F. Najafi, A. Dane, F. Bellei, Q. Zhao, K. A. Sunter, A. N. McCaughan, and K. K. Berggren, “Fabrication Process Yielding Saturated Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors With 24-ps Jitter,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 21(2), 3800507 (2015).
    [Crossref]
  15. F. Marsili, F. Najafi, E. Dauler, R. J. Molnar, and K. K. Berggren, “Afterpulsing and instability in superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetectors,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 100(11), 112601 (2012).
    [Crossref]
  16. S. Miki, M. Takeda, M. Fujiwara, M. Sasaki, A. Otomo, and Z. Wang, “Superconducting NbTiN Nanowire Single Photon Detectors with Low Kinetic Inductance,” Appl. Phys. Express 2, 075002 (2009).
    [Crossref]
  17. Z. Wang, S. Miki, and M. Fujiwara, “Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors for quantum information and communications,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 15(6), 1741–1747 (2009).
    [Crossref]
  18. S. Miki, M. Fujiwara, M. Sasaki, B. Baek, A. J. Miller, R. H. Hadfield, S. W. Nam, and Z. Wang, “Large sensitive-area NbN nanowire superconducting single-photon detectors fabricated on single-crystal MgO substrates,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(6), 061116 (2008).
    [Crossref]
  19. S. Miki, T. Yamashita, M. Fujiwara, M. Sasaki, and Z. Wang, “Multichannel SNSPD system with high detection efficiency at telecommunication wavelength,” Opt. Lett. 35(13), 2133–2135 (2010).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  20. A. J. Kerman, E. A. Dauler, W. E. Keicher, J. K. Yang, K. K. Berggren, G. Gol’tsman, and B. Voronov, “Kinetic-inductance-limited reset time of superconducting nanowire photon counters,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 88(11), 111116 (2006).
    [Crossref]
  21. A. J. Kerman, J. K. Yang, R. J. Molnar, E. A. Dauler, and K. K. Berggren, “Electrothermal feedback in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors,” Phys. Rev. B 79(10), 100509 (2009).
    [Crossref]
  22. M. Fujiwara, A. Tanaka, S. Takahashi, K. Yoshino, Y. Nambu, A. Tajima, S. Miki, T. Yamashita, Z. Wang, A. Tomita, and M. Sasaki, “Afterpulse-like phenomenon of superconducting single photon detector in high speed quantum key distribution system,” Opt. Express 19(20), 19562–19571 (2011).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  23. V. Burenkov, H. Xu, B. Qi, R. H. Hadfield, and H. Lo, “Investigations of afterpulsing and detection efficiency recovery in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors,” J. Appl. Phys. 113(21), 213102 (2013).
    [Crossref]
  24. A. J. Kerman, D. Rosenberg, R. J. Molnar, and E. A. Dauler, “Readout of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors at high count rates,” J. Appl. Phys. 113(14), 144511 (2013).
    [Crossref]
  25. J. A. O’Connor, M. G. Tanner, C. M. Natarajan, G. S. Buller, R. J. Warburton, S. Miki, Z. Wang, S. W. Nam, and R. H. Hadfield, “Spatial dependence of output pulse delay in a niobium nitride nanowire superconducting single-photon detector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 98(20), 201116 (2011).
    [Crossref]

2016 (3)

L. Redaelli, G. Bulgarini, S. Dobrovolskiy, S. N. Dorenbos, V. Zwiller, E. Monroy, and J. M. Gérard, “Design of broadband high-efficiency superconducting-nanowire single photon detectors,” Supercond. Sci. Technol. 29(6), 065016 (2016).
[Crossref]

T. Yamashita, K. Waki, S. Miki, R. A. Kirkwood, R. H. Hadfield, and H. Terai, “Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors with non-periodic dielectric multilayers,” Sci. Rep. 6(1), 35240 (2016).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Kobayashi, R. Ikuta, S. Yasui, S. Miki, T. Yamashita, H. Terai, T. Yamamoto, M. Koashi, and N. Imoto, “Frequency-domain Hong–Ou–Mandel interference,” Nat. Photonics 10(7), 441–444 (2016).
[Crossref]

2015 (2)

F. Najafi, A. Dane, F. Bellei, Q. Zhao, K. A. Sunter, A. N. McCaughan, and K. K. Berggren, “Fabrication Process Yielding Saturated Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors With 24-ps Jitter,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 21(2), 3800507 (2015).
[Crossref]

V. B. Verma, B. Korzh, F. Bussières, R. D. Horansky, S. D. Dyer, A. E. Lita, I. Vayshenker, F. Marsili, M. D. Shaw, H. Zbinden, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “High-efficiency superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors fabricated from MoSi thin-films,” Opt. Express 23(26), 33792–33801 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2014 (2)

T. Yamashita, D. Liu, S. Miki, J. Yamamoto, T. Haraguchi, M. Kinjo, Y. Hiraoka, Z. Wang, and H. Terai, “Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy with visible-wavelength superconducting nanowire single-photon detector,” Opt. Express 22(23), 28783–28789 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. M. Boroson, B. S. Robinson, D. V. Murphy, D. A. Burianek, F. Khatri, J. M. Kovalik, Z. Sodnik, and D. M. Cornwell, “Overview and results of the Lunar Laser Communication Demonstration,” Proc. SPIE 8971, 89710S (2014).
[Crossref]

2013 (6)

V. Burenkov, H. Xu, B. Qi, R. H. Hadfield, and H. Lo, “Investigations of afterpulsing and detection efficiency recovery in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors,” J. Appl. Phys. 113(21), 213102 (2013).
[Crossref]

A. J. Kerman, D. Rosenberg, R. J. Molnar, and E. A. Dauler, “Readout of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors at high count rates,” J. Appl. Phys. 113(14), 144511 (2013).
[Crossref]

F. Marsili, V. B. Verma, J. A. Stern, S. Harrington, A. E. Lita, T. Gerrits, I. Vayshenker, B. Baek, M. D. Shaw, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “Detecting single infrared photons with 93% system efficiency,” Nat. Photonics 7(3), 210–214 (2013).
[Crossref]

A. McCarthy, N. J. Krichel, N. R. Gemmell, X. Ren, M. G. Tanner, S. N. Dorenbos, V. Zwiller, R. H. Hadfield, and G. S. Buller, “Kilometer-range, high resolution depth imaging via 1560 nm wavelength single-photon detection,” Opt. Express 21(7), 8904–8915 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Miki, T. Yamashita, H. Terai, and Z. Wang, “High performance fiber-coupled NbTiN superconducting nanowire single photon detectors with Gifford-McMahon cryocooler,” Opt. Express 21(8), 10208–10214 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Yamashita, S. Miki, H. Terai, and Z. Wang, “Low-filling-factor superconducting single photon detector with high system detection efficiency,” Opt. Express 21(22), 27177–27184 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2012 (3)

V. B. Verma, F. Marsili, S. Harrington, A. E. Lita, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “A three-dimensional, polarization-insensitive superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 101(25), 251114 (2012).
[Crossref]

F. Marsili, F. Bellei, F. Najafi, A. E. Dane, E. A. Dauler, R. J. Molnar, and K. K. Berggren, “Efficient single photon detection from 500 nm to 5 μm wavelength,” Nano Lett. 12(9), 4799–4804 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

F. Marsili, F. Najafi, E. Dauler, R. J. Molnar, and K. K. Berggren, “Afterpulsing and instability in superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetectors,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 100(11), 112601 (2012).
[Crossref]

2011 (2)

M. Fujiwara, A. Tanaka, S. Takahashi, K. Yoshino, Y. Nambu, A. Tajima, S. Miki, T. Yamashita, Z. Wang, A. Tomita, and M. Sasaki, “Afterpulse-like phenomenon of superconducting single photon detector in high speed quantum key distribution system,” Opt. Express 19(20), 19562–19571 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. A. O’Connor, M. G. Tanner, C. M. Natarajan, G. S. Buller, R. J. Warburton, S. Miki, Z. Wang, S. W. Nam, and R. H. Hadfield, “Spatial dependence of output pulse delay in a niobium nitride nanowire superconducting single-photon detector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 98(20), 201116 (2011).
[Crossref]

2010 (1)

2009 (3)

A. J. Kerman, J. K. Yang, R. J. Molnar, E. A. Dauler, and K. K. Berggren, “Electrothermal feedback in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors,” Phys. Rev. B 79(10), 100509 (2009).
[Crossref]

S. Miki, M. Takeda, M. Fujiwara, M. Sasaki, A. Otomo, and Z. Wang, “Superconducting NbTiN Nanowire Single Photon Detectors with Low Kinetic Inductance,” Appl. Phys. Express 2, 075002 (2009).
[Crossref]

Z. Wang, S. Miki, and M. Fujiwara, “Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors for quantum information and communications,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 15(6), 1741–1747 (2009).
[Crossref]

2008 (1)

S. Miki, M. Fujiwara, M. Sasaki, B. Baek, A. J. Miller, R. H. Hadfield, S. W. Nam, and Z. Wang, “Large sensitive-area NbN nanowire superconducting single-photon detectors fabricated on single-crystal MgO substrates,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(6), 061116 (2008).
[Crossref]

2007 (1)

M. Ejrnaes, R. Cristiano, O. Quaranta, S. Pagano, A. Gaggero, F. Mattioli, R. Leoni, B. Voronov, and G. Gol’tsman, “A cascade switching superconducting single photon detector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(26), 262509 (2007).
[Crossref]

2006 (1)

A. J. Kerman, E. A. Dauler, W. E. Keicher, J. K. Yang, K. K. Berggren, G. Gol’tsman, and B. Voronov, “Kinetic-inductance-limited reset time of superconducting nanowire photon counters,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 88(11), 111116 (2006).
[Crossref]

Baek, B.

F. Marsili, V. B. Verma, J. A. Stern, S. Harrington, A. E. Lita, T. Gerrits, I. Vayshenker, B. Baek, M. D. Shaw, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “Detecting single infrared photons with 93% system efficiency,” Nat. Photonics 7(3), 210–214 (2013).
[Crossref]

S. Miki, M. Fujiwara, M. Sasaki, B. Baek, A. J. Miller, R. H. Hadfield, S. W. Nam, and Z. Wang, “Large sensitive-area NbN nanowire superconducting single-photon detectors fabricated on single-crystal MgO substrates,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(6), 061116 (2008).
[Crossref]

Bellei, F.

F. Najafi, A. Dane, F. Bellei, Q. Zhao, K. A. Sunter, A. N. McCaughan, and K. K. Berggren, “Fabrication Process Yielding Saturated Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors With 24-ps Jitter,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 21(2), 3800507 (2015).
[Crossref]

F. Marsili, F. Bellei, F. Najafi, A. E. Dane, E. A. Dauler, R. J. Molnar, and K. K. Berggren, “Efficient single photon detection from 500 nm to 5 μm wavelength,” Nano Lett. 12(9), 4799–4804 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Berggren, K. K.

F. Najafi, A. Dane, F. Bellei, Q. Zhao, K. A. Sunter, A. N. McCaughan, and K. K. Berggren, “Fabrication Process Yielding Saturated Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors With 24-ps Jitter,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 21(2), 3800507 (2015).
[Crossref]

F. Marsili, F. Bellei, F. Najafi, A. E. Dane, E. A. Dauler, R. J. Molnar, and K. K. Berggren, “Efficient single photon detection from 500 nm to 5 μm wavelength,” Nano Lett. 12(9), 4799–4804 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

F. Marsili, F. Najafi, E. Dauler, R. J. Molnar, and K. K. Berggren, “Afterpulsing and instability in superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetectors,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 100(11), 112601 (2012).
[Crossref]

A. J. Kerman, J. K. Yang, R. J. Molnar, E. A. Dauler, and K. K. Berggren, “Electrothermal feedback in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors,” Phys. Rev. B 79(10), 100509 (2009).
[Crossref]

A. J. Kerman, E. A. Dauler, W. E. Keicher, J. K. Yang, K. K. Berggren, G. Gol’tsman, and B. Voronov, “Kinetic-inductance-limited reset time of superconducting nanowire photon counters,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 88(11), 111116 (2006).
[Crossref]

Boroson, D. M.

D. M. Boroson, B. S. Robinson, D. V. Murphy, D. A. Burianek, F. Khatri, J. M. Kovalik, Z. Sodnik, and D. M. Cornwell, “Overview and results of the Lunar Laser Communication Demonstration,” Proc. SPIE 8971, 89710S (2014).
[Crossref]

Bulgarini, G.

L. Redaelli, G. Bulgarini, S. Dobrovolskiy, S. N. Dorenbos, V. Zwiller, E. Monroy, and J. M. Gérard, “Design of broadband high-efficiency superconducting-nanowire single photon detectors,” Supercond. Sci. Technol. 29(6), 065016 (2016).
[Crossref]

Buller, G. S.

A. McCarthy, N. J. Krichel, N. R. Gemmell, X. Ren, M. G. Tanner, S. N. Dorenbos, V. Zwiller, R. H. Hadfield, and G. S. Buller, “Kilometer-range, high resolution depth imaging via 1560 nm wavelength single-photon detection,” Opt. Express 21(7), 8904–8915 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. A. O’Connor, M. G. Tanner, C. M. Natarajan, G. S. Buller, R. J. Warburton, S. Miki, Z. Wang, S. W. Nam, and R. H. Hadfield, “Spatial dependence of output pulse delay in a niobium nitride nanowire superconducting single-photon detector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 98(20), 201116 (2011).
[Crossref]

Burenkov, V.

V. Burenkov, H. Xu, B. Qi, R. H. Hadfield, and H. Lo, “Investigations of afterpulsing and detection efficiency recovery in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors,” J. Appl. Phys. 113(21), 213102 (2013).
[Crossref]

Burianek, D. A.

D. M. Boroson, B. S. Robinson, D. V. Murphy, D. A. Burianek, F. Khatri, J. M. Kovalik, Z. Sodnik, and D. M. Cornwell, “Overview and results of the Lunar Laser Communication Demonstration,” Proc. SPIE 8971, 89710S (2014).
[Crossref]

Bussières, F.

Cornwell, D. M.

D. M. Boroson, B. S. Robinson, D. V. Murphy, D. A. Burianek, F. Khatri, J. M. Kovalik, Z. Sodnik, and D. M. Cornwell, “Overview and results of the Lunar Laser Communication Demonstration,” Proc. SPIE 8971, 89710S (2014).
[Crossref]

Cristiano, R.

M. Ejrnaes, R. Cristiano, O. Quaranta, S. Pagano, A. Gaggero, F. Mattioli, R. Leoni, B. Voronov, and G. Gol’tsman, “A cascade switching superconducting single photon detector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(26), 262509 (2007).
[Crossref]

Dane, A.

F. Najafi, A. Dane, F. Bellei, Q. Zhao, K. A. Sunter, A. N. McCaughan, and K. K. Berggren, “Fabrication Process Yielding Saturated Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors With 24-ps Jitter,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 21(2), 3800507 (2015).
[Crossref]

Dane, A. E.

F. Marsili, F. Bellei, F. Najafi, A. E. Dane, E. A. Dauler, R. J. Molnar, and K. K. Berggren, “Efficient single photon detection from 500 nm to 5 μm wavelength,” Nano Lett. 12(9), 4799–4804 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Dauler, E.

F. Marsili, F. Najafi, E. Dauler, R. J. Molnar, and K. K. Berggren, “Afterpulsing and instability in superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetectors,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 100(11), 112601 (2012).
[Crossref]

Dauler, E. A.

A. J. Kerman, D. Rosenberg, R. J. Molnar, and E. A. Dauler, “Readout of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors at high count rates,” J. Appl. Phys. 113(14), 144511 (2013).
[Crossref]

F. Marsili, F. Bellei, F. Najafi, A. E. Dane, E. A. Dauler, R. J. Molnar, and K. K. Berggren, “Efficient single photon detection from 500 nm to 5 μm wavelength,” Nano Lett. 12(9), 4799–4804 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. J. Kerman, J. K. Yang, R. J. Molnar, E. A. Dauler, and K. K. Berggren, “Electrothermal feedback in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors,” Phys. Rev. B 79(10), 100509 (2009).
[Crossref]

A. J. Kerman, E. A. Dauler, W. E. Keicher, J. K. Yang, K. K. Berggren, G. Gol’tsman, and B. Voronov, “Kinetic-inductance-limited reset time of superconducting nanowire photon counters,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 88(11), 111116 (2006).
[Crossref]

Dobrovolskiy, S.

L. Redaelli, G. Bulgarini, S. Dobrovolskiy, S. N. Dorenbos, V. Zwiller, E. Monroy, and J. M. Gérard, “Design of broadband high-efficiency superconducting-nanowire single photon detectors,” Supercond. Sci. Technol. 29(6), 065016 (2016).
[Crossref]

Dorenbos, S. N.

L. Redaelli, G. Bulgarini, S. Dobrovolskiy, S. N. Dorenbos, V. Zwiller, E. Monroy, and J. M. Gérard, “Design of broadband high-efficiency superconducting-nanowire single photon detectors,” Supercond. Sci. Technol. 29(6), 065016 (2016).
[Crossref]

A. McCarthy, N. J. Krichel, N. R. Gemmell, X. Ren, M. G. Tanner, S. N. Dorenbos, V. Zwiller, R. H. Hadfield, and G. S. Buller, “Kilometer-range, high resolution depth imaging via 1560 nm wavelength single-photon detection,” Opt. Express 21(7), 8904–8915 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Dyer, S. D.

Ejrnaes, M.

M. Ejrnaes, R. Cristiano, O. Quaranta, S. Pagano, A. Gaggero, F. Mattioli, R. Leoni, B. Voronov, and G. Gol’tsman, “A cascade switching superconducting single photon detector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(26), 262509 (2007).
[Crossref]

Fujiwara, M.

M. Fujiwara, A. Tanaka, S. Takahashi, K. Yoshino, Y. Nambu, A. Tajima, S. Miki, T. Yamashita, Z. Wang, A. Tomita, and M. Sasaki, “Afterpulse-like phenomenon of superconducting single photon detector in high speed quantum key distribution system,” Opt. Express 19(20), 19562–19571 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Miki, T. Yamashita, M. Fujiwara, M. Sasaki, and Z. Wang, “Multichannel SNSPD system with high detection efficiency at telecommunication wavelength,” Opt. Lett. 35(13), 2133–2135 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Miki, M. Takeda, M. Fujiwara, M. Sasaki, A. Otomo, and Z. Wang, “Superconducting NbTiN Nanowire Single Photon Detectors with Low Kinetic Inductance,” Appl. Phys. Express 2, 075002 (2009).
[Crossref]

Z. Wang, S. Miki, and M. Fujiwara, “Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors for quantum information and communications,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 15(6), 1741–1747 (2009).
[Crossref]

S. Miki, M. Fujiwara, M. Sasaki, B. Baek, A. J. Miller, R. H. Hadfield, S. W. Nam, and Z. Wang, “Large sensitive-area NbN nanowire superconducting single-photon detectors fabricated on single-crystal MgO substrates,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(6), 061116 (2008).
[Crossref]

Gaggero, A.

M. Ejrnaes, R. Cristiano, O. Quaranta, S. Pagano, A. Gaggero, F. Mattioli, R. Leoni, B. Voronov, and G. Gol’tsman, “A cascade switching superconducting single photon detector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(26), 262509 (2007).
[Crossref]

Gemmell, N. R.

Gérard, J. M.

L. Redaelli, G. Bulgarini, S. Dobrovolskiy, S. N. Dorenbos, V. Zwiller, E. Monroy, and J. M. Gérard, “Design of broadband high-efficiency superconducting-nanowire single photon detectors,” Supercond. Sci. Technol. 29(6), 065016 (2016).
[Crossref]

Gerrits, T.

F. Marsili, V. B. Verma, J. A. Stern, S. Harrington, A. E. Lita, T. Gerrits, I. Vayshenker, B. Baek, M. D. Shaw, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “Detecting single infrared photons with 93% system efficiency,” Nat. Photonics 7(3), 210–214 (2013).
[Crossref]

Gol’tsman, G.

M. Ejrnaes, R. Cristiano, O. Quaranta, S. Pagano, A. Gaggero, F. Mattioli, R. Leoni, B. Voronov, and G. Gol’tsman, “A cascade switching superconducting single photon detector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(26), 262509 (2007).
[Crossref]

A. J. Kerman, E. A. Dauler, W. E. Keicher, J. K. Yang, K. K. Berggren, G. Gol’tsman, and B. Voronov, “Kinetic-inductance-limited reset time of superconducting nanowire photon counters,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 88(11), 111116 (2006).
[Crossref]

Hadfield, R. H.

T. Yamashita, K. Waki, S. Miki, R. A. Kirkwood, R. H. Hadfield, and H. Terai, “Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors with non-periodic dielectric multilayers,” Sci. Rep. 6(1), 35240 (2016).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

V. Burenkov, H. Xu, B. Qi, R. H. Hadfield, and H. Lo, “Investigations of afterpulsing and detection efficiency recovery in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors,” J. Appl. Phys. 113(21), 213102 (2013).
[Crossref]

A. McCarthy, N. J. Krichel, N. R. Gemmell, X. Ren, M. G. Tanner, S. N. Dorenbos, V. Zwiller, R. H. Hadfield, and G. S. Buller, “Kilometer-range, high resolution depth imaging via 1560 nm wavelength single-photon detection,” Opt. Express 21(7), 8904–8915 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. A. O’Connor, M. G. Tanner, C. M. Natarajan, G. S. Buller, R. J. Warburton, S. Miki, Z. Wang, S. W. Nam, and R. H. Hadfield, “Spatial dependence of output pulse delay in a niobium nitride nanowire superconducting single-photon detector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 98(20), 201116 (2011).
[Crossref]

S. Miki, M. Fujiwara, M. Sasaki, B. Baek, A. J. Miller, R. H. Hadfield, S. W. Nam, and Z. Wang, “Large sensitive-area NbN nanowire superconducting single-photon detectors fabricated on single-crystal MgO substrates,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(6), 061116 (2008).
[Crossref]

Haraguchi, T.

Harrington, S.

F. Marsili, V. B. Verma, J. A. Stern, S. Harrington, A. E. Lita, T. Gerrits, I. Vayshenker, B. Baek, M. D. Shaw, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “Detecting single infrared photons with 93% system efficiency,” Nat. Photonics 7(3), 210–214 (2013).
[Crossref]

V. B. Verma, F. Marsili, S. Harrington, A. E. Lita, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “A three-dimensional, polarization-insensitive superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 101(25), 251114 (2012).
[Crossref]

Hiraoka, Y.

Horansky, R. D.

Ikuta, R.

T. Kobayashi, R. Ikuta, S. Yasui, S. Miki, T. Yamashita, H. Terai, T. Yamamoto, M. Koashi, and N. Imoto, “Frequency-domain Hong–Ou–Mandel interference,” Nat. Photonics 10(7), 441–444 (2016).
[Crossref]

Imoto, N.

T. Kobayashi, R. Ikuta, S. Yasui, S. Miki, T. Yamashita, H. Terai, T. Yamamoto, M. Koashi, and N. Imoto, “Frequency-domain Hong–Ou–Mandel interference,” Nat. Photonics 10(7), 441–444 (2016).
[Crossref]

Keicher, W. E.

A. J. Kerman, E. A. Dauler, W. E. Keicher, J. K. Yang, K. K. Berggren, G. Gol’tsman, and B. Voronov, “Kinetic-inductance-limited reset time of superconducting nanowire photon counters,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 88(11), 111116 (2006).
[Crossref]

Kerman, A. J.

A. J. Kerman, D. Rosenberg, R. J. Molnar, and E. A. Dauler, “Readout of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors at high count rates,” J. Appl. Phys. 113(14), 144511 (2013).
[Crossref]

A. J. Kerman, J. K. Yang, R. J. Molnar, E. A. Dauler, and K. K. Berggren, “Electrothermal feedback in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors,” Phys. Rev. B 79(10), 100509 (2009).
[Crossref]

A. J. Kerman, E. A. Dauler, W. E. Keicher, J. K. Yang, K. K. Berggren, G. Gol’tsman, and B. Voronov, “Kinetic-inductance-limited reset time of superconducting nanowire photon counters,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 88(11), 111116 (2006).
[Crossref]

Khatri, F.

D. M. Boroson, B. S. Robinson, D. V. Murphy, D. A. Burianek, F. Khatri, J. M. Kovalik, Z. Sodnik, and D. M. Cornwell, “Overview and results of the Lunar Laser Communication Demonstration,” Proc. SPIE 8971, 89710S (2014).
[Crossref]

Kinjo, M.

Kirkwood, R. A.

T. Yamashita, K. Waki, S. Miki, R. A. Kirkwood, R. H. Hadfield, and H. Terai, “Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors with non-periodic dielectric multilayers,” Sci. Rep. 6(1), 35240 (2016).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Koashi, M.

T. Kobayashi, R. Ikuta, S. Yasui, S. Miki, T. Yamashita, H. Terai, T. Yamamoto, M. Koashi, and N. Imoto, “Frequency-domain Hong–Ou–Mandel interference,” Nat. Photonics 10(7), 441–444 (2016).
[Crossref]

Kobayashi, T.

T. Kobayashi, R. Ikuta, S. Yasui, S. Miki, T. Yamashita, H. Terai, T. Yamamoto, M. Koashi, and N. Imoto, “Frequency-domain Hong–Ou–Mandel interference,” Nat. Photonics 10(7), 441–444 (2016).
[Crossref]

Korzh, B.

Kovalik, J. M.

D. M. Boroson, B. S. Robinson, D. V. Murphy, D. A. Burianek, F. Khatri, J. M. Kovalik, Z. Sodnik, and D. M. Cornwell, “Overview and results of the Lunar Laser Communication Demonstration,” Proc. SPIE 8971, 89710S (2014).
[Crossref]

Krichel, N. J.

Leoni, R.

M. Ejrnaes, R. Cristiano, O. Quaranta, S. Pagano, A. Gaggero, F. Mattioli, R. Leoni, B. Voronov, and G. Gol’tsman, “A cascade switching superconducting single photon detector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(26), 262509 (2007).
[Crossref]

Lita, A. E.

V. B. Verma, B. Korzh, F. Bussières, R. D. Horansky, S. D. Dyer, A. E. Lita, I. Vayshenker, F. Marsili, M. D. Shaw, H. Zbinden, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “High-efficiency superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors fabricated from MoSi thin-films,” Opt. Express 23(26), 33792–33801 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

F. Marsili, V. B. Verma, J. A. Stern, S. Harrington, A. E. Lita, T. Gerrits, I. Vayshenker, B. Baek, M. D. Shaw, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “Detecting single infrared photons with 93% system efficiency,” Nat. Photonics 7(3), 210–214 (2013).
[Crossref]

V. B. Verma, F. Marsili, S. Harrington, A. E. Lita, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “A three-dimensional, polarization-insensitive superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 101(25), 251114 (2012).
[Crossref]

Liu, D.

Lo, H.

V. Burenkov, H. Xu, B. Qi, R. H. Hadfield, and H. Lo, “Investigations of afterpulsing and detection efficiency recovery in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors,” J. Appl. Phys. 113(21), 213102 (2013).
[Crossref]

Marsili, F.

V. B. Verma, B. Korzh, F. Bussières, R. D. Horansky, S. D. Dyer, A. E. Lita, I. Vayshenker, F. Marsili, M. D. Shaw, H. Zbinden, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “High-efficiency superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors fabricated from MoSi thin-films,” Opt. Express 23(26), 33792–33801 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

F. Marsili, V. B. Verma, J. A. Stern, S. Harrington, A. E. Lita, T. Gerrits, I. Vayshenker, B. Baek, M. D. Shaw, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “Detecting single infrared photons with 93% system efficiency,” Nat. Photonics 7(3), 210–214 (2013).
[Crossref]

F. Marsili, F. Najafi, E. Dauler, R. J. Molnar, and K. K. Berggren, “Afterpulsing and instability in superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetectors,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 100(11), 112601 (2012).
[Crossref]

F. Marsili, F. Bellei, F. Najafi, A. E. Dane, E. A. Dauler, R. J. Molnar, and K. K. Berggren, “Efficient single photon detection from 500 nm to 5 μm wavelength,” Nano Lett. 12(9), 4799–4804 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

V. B. Verma, F. Marsili, S. Harrington, A. E. Lita, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “A three-dimensional, polarization-insensitive superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 101(25), 251114 (2012).
[Crossref]

Mattioli, F.

M. Ejrnaes, R. Cristiano, O. Quaranta, S. Pagano, A. Gaggero, F. Mattioli, R. Leoni, B. Voronov, and G. Gol’tsman, “A cascade switching superconducting single photon detector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(26), 262509 (2007).
[Crossref]

McCarthy, A.

McCaughan, A. N.

F. Najafi, A. Dane, F. Bellei, Q. Zhao, K. A. Sunter, A. N. McCaughan, and K. K. Berggren, “Fabrication Process Yielding Saturated Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors With 24-ps Jitter,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 21(2), 3800507 (2015).
[Crossref]

Miki, S.

T. Yamashita, K. Waki, S. Miki, R. A. Kirkwood, R. H. Hadfield, and H. Terai, “Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors with non-periodic dielectric multilayers,” Sci. Rep. 6(1), 35240 (2016).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Kobayashi, R. Ikuta, S. Yasui, S. Miki, T. Yamashita, H. Terai, T. Yamamoto, M. Koashi, and N. Imoto, “Frequency-domain Hong–Ou–Mandel interference,” Nat. Photonics 10(7), 441–444 (2016).
[Crossref]

T. Yamashita, D. Liu, S. Miki, J. Yamamoto, T. Haraguchi, M. Kinjo, Y. Hiraoka, Z. Wang, and H. Terai, “Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy with visible-wavelength superconducting nanowire single-photon detector,” Opt. Express 22(23), 28783–28789 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Yamashita, S. Miki, H. Terai, and Z. Wang, “Low-filling-factor superconducting single photon detector with high system detection efficiency,” Opt. Express 21(22), 27177–27184 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Miki, T. Yamashita, H. Terai, and Z. Wang, “High performance fiber-coupled NbTiN superconducting nanowire single photon detectors with Gifford-McMahon cryocooler,” Opt. Express 21(8), 10208–10214 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Fujiwara, A. Tanaka, S. Takahashi, K. Yoshino, Y. Nambu, A. Tajima, S. Miki, T. Yamashita, Z. Wang, A. Tomita, and M. Sasaki, “Afterpulse-like phenomenon of superconducting single photon detector in high speed quantum key distribution system,” Opt. Express 19(20), 19562–19571 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. A. O’Connor, M. G. Tanner, C. M. Natarajan, G. S. Buller, R. J. Warburton, S. Miki, Z. Wang, S. W. Nam, and R. H. Hadfield, “Spatial dependence of output pulse delay in a niobium nitride nanowire superconducting single-photon detector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 98(20), 201116 (2011).
[Crossref]

S. Miki, T. Yamashita, M. Fujiwara, M. Sasaki, and Z. Wang, “Multichannel SNSPD system with high detection efficiency at telecommunication wavelength,” Opt. Lett. 35(13), 2133–2135 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Miki, M. Takeda, M. Fujiwara, M. Sasaki, A. Otomo, and Z. Wang, “Superconducting NbTiN Nanowire Single Photon Detectors with Low Kinetic Inductance,” Appl. Phys. Express 2, 075002 (2009).
[Crossref]

Z. Wang, S. Miki, and M. Fujiwara, “Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors for quantum information and communications,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 15(6), 1741–1747 (2009).
[Crossref]

S. Miki, M. Fujiwara, M. Sasaki, B. Baek, A. J. Miller, R. H. Hadfield, S. W. Nam, and Z. Wang, “Large sensitive-area NbN nanowire superconducting single-photon detectors fabricated on single-crystal MgO substrates,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(6), 061116 (2008).
[Crossref]

Miller, A. J.

S. Miki, M. Fujiwara, M. Sasaki, B. Baek, A. J. Miller, R. H. Hadfield, S. W. Nam, and Z. Wang, “Large sensitive-area NbN nanowire superconducting single-photon detectors fabricated on single-crystal MgO substrates,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(6), 061116 (2008).
[Crossref]

Mirin, R. P.

V. B. Verma, B. Korzh, F. Bussières, R. D. Horansky, S. D. Dyer, A. E. Lita, I. Vayshenker, F. Marsili, M. D. Shaw, H. Zbinden, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “High-efficiency superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors fabricated from MoSi thin-films,” Opt. Express 23(26), 33792–33801 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

F. Marsili, V. B. Verma, J. A. Stern, S. Harrington, A. E. Lita, T. Gerrits, I. Vayshenker, B. Baek, M. D. Shaw, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “Detecting single infrared photons with 93% system efficiency,” Nat. Photonics 7(3), 210–214 (2013).
[Crossref]

V. B. Verma, F. Marsili, S. Harrington, A. E. Lita, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “A three-dimensional, polarization-insensitive superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 101(25), 251114 (2012).
[Crossref]

Molnar, R. J.

A. J. Kerman, D. Rosenberg, R. J. Molnar, and E. A. Dauler, “Readout of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors at high count rates,” J. Appl. Phys. 113(14), 144511 (2013).
[Crossref]

F. Marsili, F. Bellei, F. Najafi, A. E. Dane, E. A. Dauler, R. J. Molnar, and K. K. Berggren, “Efficient single photon detection from 500 nm to 5 μm wavelength,” Nano Lett. 12(9), 4799–4804 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

F. Marsili, F. Najafi, E. Dauler, R. J. Molnar, and K. K. Berggren, “Afterpulsing and instability in superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetectors,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 100(11), 112601 (2012).
[Crossref]

A. J. Kerman, J. K. Yang, R. J. Molnar, E. A. Dauler, and K. K. Berggren, “Electrothermal feedback in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors,” Phys. Rev. B 79(10), 100509 (2009).
[Crossref]

Monroy, E.

L. Redaelli, G. Bulgarini, S. Dobrovolskiy, S. N. Dorenbos, V. Zwiller, E. Monroy, and J. M. Gérard, “Design of broadband high-efficiency superconducting-nanowire single photon detectors,” Supercond. Sci. Technol. 29(6), 065016 (2016).
[Crossref]

Murphy, D. V.

D. M. Boroson, B. S. Robinson, D. V. Murphy, D. A. Burianek, F. Khatri, J. M. Kovalik, Z. Sodnik, and D. M. Cornwell, “Overview and results of the Lunar Laser Communication Demonstration,” Proc. SPIE 8971, 89710S (2014).
[Crossref]

Najafi, F.

F. Najafi, A. Dane, F. Bellei, Q. Zhao, K. A. Sunter, A. N. McCaughan, and K. K. Berggren, “Fabrication Process Yielding Saturated Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors With 24-ps Jitter,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 21(2), 3800507 (2015).
[Crossref]

F. Marsili, F. Najafi, E. Dauler, R. J. Molnar, and K. K. Berggren, “Afterpulsing and instability in superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetectors,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 100(11), 112601 (2012).
[Crossref]

F. Marsili, F. Bellei, F. Najafi, A. E. Dane, E. A. Dauler, R. J. Molnar, and K. K. Berggren, “Efficient single photon detection from 500 nm to 5 μm wavelength,” Nano Lett. 12(9), 4799–4804 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Nam, S. W.

V. B. Verma, B. Korzh, F. Bussières, R. D. Horansky, S. D. Dyer, A. E. Lita, I. Vayshenker, F. Marsili, M. D. Shaw, H. Zbinden, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “High-efficiency superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors fabricated from MoSi thin-films,” Opt. Express 23(26), 33792–33801 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

F. Marsili, V. B. Verma, J. A. Stern, S. Harrington, A. E. Lita, T. Gerrits, I. Vayshenker, B. Baek, M. D. Shaw, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “Detecting single infrared photons with 93% system efficiency,” Nat. Photonics 7(3), 210–214 (2013).
[Crossref]

V. B. Verma, F. Marsili, S. Harrington, A. E. Lita, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “A three-dimensional, polarization-insensitive superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 101(25), 251114 (2012).
[Crossref]

J. A. O’Connor, M. G. Tanner, C. M. Natarajan, G. S. Buller, R. J. Warburton, S. Miki, Z. Wang, S. W. Nam, and R. H. Hadfield, “Spatial dependence of output pulse delay in a niobium nitride nanowire superconducting single-photon detector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 98(20), 201116 (2011).
[Crossref]

S. Miki, M. Fujiwara, M. Sasaki, B. Baek, A. J. Miller, R. H. Hadfield, S. W. Nam, and Z. Wang, “Large sensitive-area NbN nanowire superconducting single-photon detectors fabricated on single-crystal MgO substrates,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(6), 061116 (2008).
[Crossref]

Nambu, Y.

Natarajan, C. M.

J. A. O’Connor, M. G. Tanner, C. M. Natarajan, G. S. Buller, R. J. Warburton, S. Miki, Z. Wang, S. W. Nam, and R. H. Hadfield, “Spatial dependence of output pulse delay in a niobium nitride nanowire superconducting single-photon detector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 98(20), 201116 (2011).
[Crossref]

O’Connor, J. A.

J. A. O’Connor, M. G. Tanner, C. M. Natarajan, G. S. Buller, R. J. Warburton, S. Miki, Z. Wang, S. W. Nam, and R. H. Hadfield, “Spatial dependence of output pulse delay in a niobium nitride nanowire superconducting single-photon detector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 98(20), 201116 (2011).
[Crossref]

Otomo, A.

S. Miki, M. Takeda, M. Fujiwara, M. Sasaki, A. Otomo, and Z. Wang, “Superconducting NbTiN Nanowire Single Photon Detectors with Low Kinetic Inductance,” Appl. Phys. Express 2, 075002 (2009).
[Crossref]

Pagano, S.

M. Ejrnaes, R. Cristiano, O. Quaranta, S. Pagano, A. Gaggero, F. Mattioli, R. Leoni, B. Voronov, and G. Gol’tsman, “A cascade switching superconducting single photon detector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(26), 262509 (2007).
[Crossref]

Qi, B.

V. Burenkov, H. Xu, B. Qi, R. H. Hadfield, and H. Lo, “Investigations of afterpulsing and detection efficiency recovery in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors,” J. Appl. Phys. 113(21), 213102 (2013).
[Crossref]

Quaranta, O.

M. Ejrnaes, R. Cristiano, O. Quaranta, S. Pagano, A. Gaggero, F. Mattioli, R. Leoni, B. Voronov, and G. Gol’tsman, “A cascade switching superconducting single photon detector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(26), 262509 (2007).
[Crossref]

Redaelli, L.

L. Redaelli, G. Bulgarini, S. Dobrovolskiy, S. N. Dorenbos, V. Zwiller, E. Monroy, and J. M. Gérard, “Design of broadband high-efficiency superconducting-nanowire single photon detectors,” Supercond. Sci. Technol. 29(6), 065016 (2016).
[Crossref]

Ren, X.

Robinson, B. S.

D. M. Boroson, B. S. Robinson, D. V. Murphy, D. A. Burianek, F. Khatri, J. M. Kovalik, Z. Sodnik, and D. M. Cornwell, “Overview and results of the Lunar Laser Communication Demonstration,” Proc. SPIE 8971, 89710S (2014).
[Crossref]

Rosenberg, D.

A. J. Kerman, D. Rosenberg, R. J. Molnar, and E. A. Dauler, “Readout of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors at high count rates,” J. Appl. Phys. 113(14), 144511 (2013).
[Crossref]

Sasaki, M.

M. Fujiwara, A. Tanaka, S. Takahashi, K. Yoshino, Y. Nambu, A. Tajima, S. Miki, T. Yamashita, Z. Wang, A. Tomita, and M. Sasaki, “Afterpulse-like phenomenon of superconducting single photon detector in high speed quantum key distribution system,” Opt. Express 19(20), 19562–19571 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Miki, T. Yamashita, M. Fujiwara, M. Sasaki, and Z. Wang, “Multichannel SNSPD system with high detection efficiency at telecommunication wavelength,” Opt. Lett. 35(13), 2133–2135 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Miki, M. Takeda, M. Fujiwara, M. Sasaki, A. Otomo, and Z. Wang, “Superconducting NbTiN Nanowire Single Photon Detectors with Low Kinetic Inductance,” Appl. Phys. Express 2, 075002 (2009).
[Crossref]

S. Miki, M. Fujiwara, M. Sasaki, B. Baek, A. J. Miller, R. H. Hadfield, S. W. Nam, and Z. Wang, “Large sensitive-area NbN nanowire superconducting single-photon detectors fabricated on single-crystal MgO substrates,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(6), 061116 (2008).
[Crossref]

Shaw, M. D.

V. B. Verma, B. Korzh, F. Bussières, R. D. Horansky, S. D. Dyer, A. E. Lita, I. Vayshenker, F. Marsili, M. D. Shaw, H. Zbinden, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “High-efficiency superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors fabricated from MoSi thin-films,” Opt. Express 23(26), 33792–33801 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

F. Marsili, V. B. Verma, J. A. Stern, S. Harrington, A. E. Lita, T. Gerrits, I. Vayshenker, B. Baek, M. D. Shaw, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “Detecting single infrared photons with 93% system efficiency,” Nat. Photonics 7(3), 210–214 (2013).
[Crossref]

Sodnik, Z.

D. M. Boroson, B. S. Robinson, D. V. Murphy, D. A. Burianek, F. Khatri, J. M. Kovalik, Z. Sodnik, and D. M. Cornwell, “Overview and results of the Lunar Laser Communication Demonstration,” Proc. SPIE 8971, 89710S (2014).
[Crossref]

Stern, J. A.

F. Marsili, V. B. Verma, J. A. Stern, S. Harrington, A. E. Lita, T. Gerrits, I. Vayshenker, B. Baek, M. D. Shaw, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “Detecting single infrared photons with 93% system efficiency,” Nat. Photonics 7(3), 210–214 (2013).
[Crossref]

Sunter, K. A.

F. Najafi, A. Dane, F. Bellei, Q. Zhao, K. A. Sunter, A. N. McCaughan, and K. K. Berggren, “Fabrication Process Yielding Saturated Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors With 24-ps Jitter,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 21(2), 3800507 (2015).
[Crossref]

Tajima, A.

Takahashi, S.

Takeda, M.

S. Miki, M. Takeda, M. Fujiwara, M. Sasaki, A. Otomo, and Z. Wang, “Superconducting NbTiN Nanowire Single Photon Detectors with Low Kinetic Inductance,” Appl. Phys. Express 2, 075002 (2009).
[Crossref]

Tanaka, A.

Tanner, M. G.

A. McCarthy, N. J. Krichel, N. R. Gemmell, X. Ren, M. G. Tanner, S. N. Dorenbos, V. Zwiller, R. H. Hadfield, and G. S. Buller, “Kilometer-range, high resolution depth imaging via 1560 nm wavelength single-photon detection,” Opt. Express 21(7), 8904–8915 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. A. O’Connor, M. G. Tanner, C. M. Natarajan, G. S. Buller, R. J. Warburton, S. Miki, Z. Wang, S. W. Nam, and R. H. Hadfield, “Spatial dependence of output pulse delay in a niobium nitride nanowire superconducting single-photon detector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 98(20), 201116 (2011).
[Crossref]

Terai, H.

Tomita, A.

Vayshenker, I.

V. B. Verma, B. Korzh, F. Bussières, R. D. Horansky, S. D. Dyer, A. E. Lita, I. Vayshenker, F. Marsili, M. D. Shaw, H. Zbinden, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “High-efficiency superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors fabricated from MoSi thin-films,” Opt. Express 23(26), 33792–33801 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

F. Marsili, V. B. Verma, J. A. Stern, S. Harrington, A. E. Lita, T. Gerrits, I. Vayshenker, B. Baek, M. D. Shaw, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “Detecting single infrared photons with 93% system efficiency,” Nat. Photonics 7(3), 210–214 (2013).
[Crossref]

Verma, V. B.

V. B. Verma, B. Korzh, F. Bussières, R. D. Horansky, S. D. Dyer, A. E. Lita, I. Vayshenker, F. Marsili, M. D. Shaw, H. Zbinden, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “High-efficiency superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors fabricated from MoSi thin-films,” Opt. Express 23(26), 33792–33801 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

F. Marsili, V. B. Verma, J. A. Stern, S. Harrington, A. E. Lita, T. Gerrits, I. Vayshenker, B. Baek, M. D. Shaw, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “Detecting single infrared photons with 93% system efficiency,” Nat. Photonics 7(3), 210–214 (2013).
[Crossref]

V. B. Verma, F. Marsili, S. Harrington, A. E. Lita, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “A three-dimensional, polarization-insensitive superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 101(25), 251114 (2012).
[Crossref]

Voronov, B.

M. Ejrnaes, R. Cristiano, O. Quaranta, S. Pagano, A. Gaggero, F. Mattioli, R. Leoni, B. Voronov, and G. Gol’tsman, “A cascade switching superconducting single photon detector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(26), 262509 (2007).
[Crossref]

A. J. Kerman, E. A. Dauler, W. E. Keicher, J. K. Yang, K. K. Berggren, G. Gol’tsman, and B. Voronov, “Kinetic-inductance-limited reset time of superconducting nanowire photon counters,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 88(11), 111116 (2006).
[Crossref]

Waki, K.

T. Yamashita, K. Waki, S. Miki, R. A. Kirkwood, R. H. Hadfield, and H. Terai, “Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors with non-periodic dielectric multilayers,” Sci. Rep. 6(1), 35240 (2016).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Wang, Z.

T. Yamashita, D. Liu, S. Miki, J. Yamamoto, T. Haraguchi, M. Kinjo, Y. Hiraoka, Z. Wang, and H. Terai, “Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy with visible-wavelength superconducting nanowire single-photon detector,” Opt. Express 22(23), 28783–28789 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Yamashita, S. Miki, H. Terai, and Z. Wang, “Low-filling-factor superconducting single photon detector with high system detection efficiency,” Opt. Express 21(22), 27177–27184 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Miki, T. Yamashita, H. Terai, and Z. Wang, “High performance fiber-coupled NbTiN superconducting nanowire single photon detectors with Gifford-McMahon cryocooler,” Opt. Express 21(8), 10208–10214 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Fujiwara, A. Tanaka, S. Takahashi, K. Yoshino, Y. Nambu, A. Tajima, S. Miki, T. Yamashita, Z. Wang, A. Tomita, and M. Sasaki, “Afterpulse-like phenomenon of superconducting single photon detector in high speed quantum key distribution system,” Opt. Express 19(20), 19562–19571 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. A. O’Connor, M. G. Tanner, C. M. Natarajan, G. S. Buller, R. J. Warburton, S. Miki, Z. Wang, S. W. Nam, and R. H. Hadfield, “Spatial dependence of output pulse delay in a niobium nitride nanowire superconducting single-photon detector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 98(20), 201116 (2011).
[Crossref]

S. Miki, T. Yamashita, M. Fujiwara, M. Sasaki, and Z. Wang, “Multichannel SNSPD system with high detection efficiency at telecommunication wavelength,” Opt. Lett. 35(13), 2133–2135 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Miki, M. Takeda, M. Fujiwara, M. Sasaki, A. Otomo, and Z. Wang, “Superconducting NbTiN Nanowire Single Photon Detectors with Low Kinetic Inductance,” Appl. Phys. Express 2, 075002 (2009).
[Crossref]

Z. Wang, S. Miki, and M. Fujiwara, “Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors for quantum information and communications,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 15(6), 1741–1747 (2009).
[Crossref]

S. Miki, M. Fujiwara, M. Sasaki, B. Baek, A. J. Miller, R. H. Hadfield, S. W. Nam, and Z. Wang, “Large sensitive-area NbN nanowire superconducting single-photon detectors fabricated on single-crystal MgO substrates,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(6), 061116 (2008).
[Crossref]

Warburton, R. J.

J. A. O’Connor, M. G. Tanner, C. M. Natarajan, G. S. Buller, R. J. Warburton, S. Miki, Z. Wang, S. W. Nam, and R. H. Hadfield, “Spatial dependence of output pulse delay in a niobium nitride nanowire superconducting single-photon detector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 98(20), 201116 (2011).
[Crossref]

Xu, H.

V. Burenkov, H. Xu, B. Qi, R. H. Hadfield, and H. Lo, “Investigations of afterpulsing and detection efficiency recovery in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors,” J. Appl. Phys. 113(21), 213102 (2013).
[Crossref]

Yamamoto, J.

Yamamoto, T.

T. Kobayashi, R. Ikuta, S. Yasui, S. Miki, T. Yamashita, H. Terai, T. Yamamoto, M. Koashi, and N. Imoto, “Frequency-domain Hong–Ou–Mandel interference,” Nat. Photonics 10(7), 441–444 (2016).
[Crossref]

Yamashita, T.

T. Kobayashi, R. Ikuta, S. Yasui, S. Miki, T. Yamashita, H. Terai, T. Yamamoto, M. Koashi, and N. Imoto, “Frequency-domain Hong–Ou–Mandel interference,” Nat. Photonics 10(7), 441–444 (2016).
[Crossref]

T. Yamashita, K. Waki, S. Miki, R. A. Kirkwood, R. H. Hadfield, and H. Terai, “Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors with non-periodic dielectric multilayers,” Sci. Rep. 6(1), 35240 (2016).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Yamashita, D. Liu, S. Miki, J. Yamamoto, T. Haraguchi, M. Kinjo, Y. Hiraoka, Z. Wang, and H. Terai, “Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy with visible-wavelength superconducting nanowire single-photon detector,” Opt. Express 22(23), 28783–28789 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Yamashita, S. Miki, H. Terai, and Z. Wang, “Low-filling-factor superconducting single photon detector with high system detection efficiency,” Opt. Express 21(22), 27177–27184 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Miki, T. Yamashita, H. Terai, and Z. Wang, “High performance fiber-coupled NbTiN superconducting nanowire single photon detectors with Gifford-McMahon cryocooler,” Opt. Express 21(8), 10208–10214 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Fujiwara, A. Tanaka, S. Takahashi, K. Yoshino, Y. Nambu, A. Tajima, S. Miki, T. Yamashita, Z. Wang, A. Tomita, and M. Sasaki, “Afterpulse-like phenomenon of superconducting single photon detector in high speed quantum key distribution system,” Opt. Express 19(20), 19562–19571 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Miki, T. Yamashita, M. Fujiwara, M. Sasaki, and Z. Wang, “Multichannel SNSPD system with high detection efficiency at telecommunication wavelength,” Opt. Lett. 35(13), 2133–2135 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Yang, J. K.

A. J. Kerman, J. K. Yang, R. J. Molnar, E. A. Dauler, and K. K. Berggren, “Electrothermal feedback in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors,” Phys. Rev. B 79(10), 100509 (2009).
[Crossref]

A. J. Kerman, E. A. Dauler, W. E. Keicher, J. K. Yang, K. K. Berggren, G. Gol’tsman, and B. Voronov, “Kinetic-inductance-limited reset time of superconducting nanowire photon counters,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 88(11), 111116 (2006).
[Crossref]

Yasui, S.

T. Kobayashi, R. Ikuta, S. Yasui, S. Miki, T. Yamashita, H. Terai, T. Yamamoto, M. Koashi, and N. Imoto, “Frequency-domain Hong–Ou–Mandel interference,” Nat. Photonics 10(7), 441–444 (2016).
[Crossref]

Yoshino, K.

Zbinden, H.

Zhao, Q.

F. Najafi, A. Dane, F. Bellei, Q. Zhao, K. A. Sunter, A. N. McCaughan, and K. K. Berggren, “Fabrication Process Yielding Saturated Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors With 24-ps Jitter,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 21(2), 3800507 (2015).
[Crossref]

Zwiller, V.

L. Redaelli, G. Bulgarini, S. Dobrovolskiy, S. N. Dorenbos, V. Zwiller, E. Monroy, and J. M. Gérard, “Design of broadband high-efficiency superconducting-nanowire single photon detectors,” Supercond. Sci. Technol. 29(6), 065016 (2016).
[Crossref]

A. McCarthy, N. J. Krichel, N. R. Gemmell, X. Ren, M. G. Tanner, S. N. Dorenbos, V. Zwiller, R. H. Hadfield, and G. S. Buller, “Kilometer-range, high resolution depth imaging via 1560 nm wavelength single-photon detection,” Opt. Express 21(7), 8904–8915 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Appl. Phys. Express (1)

S. Miki, M. Takeda, M. Fujiwara, M. Sasaki, A. Otomo, and Z. Wang, “Superconducting NbTiN Nanowire Single Photon Detectors with Low Kinetic Inductance,” Appl. Phys. Express 2, 075002 (2009).
[Crossref]

Appl. Phys. Lett. (6)

S. Miki, M. Fujiwara, M. Sasaki, B. Baek, A. J. Miller, R. H. Hadfield, S. W. Nam, and Z. Wang, “Large sensitive-area NbN nanowire superconducting single-photon detectors fabricated on single-crystal MgO substrates,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(6), 061116 (2008).
[Crossref]

A. J. Kerman, E. A. Dauler, W. E. Keicher, J. K. Yang, K. K. Berggren, G. Gol’tsman, and B. Voronov, “Kinetic-inductance-limited reset time of superconducting nanowire photon counters,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 88(11), 111116 (2006).
[Crossref]

J. A. O’Connor, M. G. Tanner, C. M. Natarajan, G. S. Buller, R. J. Warburton, S. Miki, Z. Wang, S. W. Nam, and R. H. Hadfield, “Spatial dependence of output pulse delay in a niobium nitride nanowire superconducting single-photon detector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 98(20), 201116 (2011).
[Crossref]

M. Ejrnaes, R. Cristiano, O. Quaranta, S. Pagano, A. Gaggero, F. Mattioli, R. Leoni, B. Voronov, and G. Gol’tsman, “A cascade switching superconducting single photon detector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(26), 262509 (2007).
[Crossref]

V. B. Verma, F. Marsili, S. Harrington, A. E. Lita, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “A three-dimensional, polarization-insensitive superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 101(25), 251114 (2012).
[Crossref]

F. Marsili, F. Najafi, E. Dauler, R. J. Molnar, and K. K. Berggren, “Afterpulsing and instability in superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetectors,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 100(11), 112601 (2012).
[Crossref]

IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. (2)

F. Najafi, A. Dane, F. Bellei, Q. Zhao, K. A. Sunter, A. N. McCaughan, and K. K. Berggren, “Fabrication Process Yielding Saturated Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors With 24-ps Jitter,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 21(2), 3800507 (2015).
[Crossref]

Z. Wang, S. Miki, and M. Fujiwara, “Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors for quantum information and communications,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 15(6), 1741–1747 (2009).
[Crossref]

J. Appl. Phys. (2)

V. Burenkov, H. Xu, B. Qi, R. H. Hadfield, and H. Lo, “Investigations of afterpulsing and detection efficiency recovery in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors,” J. Appl. Phys. 113(21), 213102 (2013).
[Crossref]

A. J. Kerman, D. Rosenberg, R. J. Molnar, and E. A. Dauler, “Readout of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors at high count rates,” J. Appl. Phys. 113(14), 144511 (2013).
[Crossref]

Nano Lett. (1)

F. Marsili, F. Bellei, F. Najafi, A. E. Dane, E. A. Dauler, R. J. Molnar, and K. K. Berggren, “Efficient single photon detection from 500 nm to 5 μm wavelength,” Nano Lett. 12(9), 4799–4804 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Nat. Photonics (2)

F. Marsili, V. B. Verma, J. A. Stern, S. Harrington, A. E. Lita, T. Gerrits, I. Vayshenker, B. Baek, M. D. Shaw, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “Detecting single infrared photons with 93% system efficiency,” Nat. Photonics 7(3), 210–214 (2013).
[Crossref]

T. Kobayashi, R. Ikuta, S. Yasui, S. Miki, T. Yamashita, H. Terai, T. Yamamoto, M. Koashi, and N. Imoto, “Frequency-domain Hong–Ou–Mandel interference,” Nat. Photonics 10(7), 441–444 (2016).
[Crossref]

Opt. Express (6)

M. Fujiwara, A. Tanaka, S. Takahashi, K. Yoshino, Y. Nambu, A. Tajima, S. Miki, T. Yamashita, Z. Wang, A. Tomita, and M. Sasaki, “Afterpulse-like phenomenon of superconducting single photon detector in high speed quantum key distribution system,” Opt. Express 19(20), 19562–19571 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. McCarthy, N. J. Krichel, N. R. Gemmell, X. Ren, M. G. Tanner, S. N. Dorenbos, V. Zwiller, R. H. Hadfield, and G. S. Buller, “Kilometer-range, high resolution depth imaging via 1560 nm wavelength single-photon detection,” Opt. Express 21(7), 8904–8915 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Miki, T. Yamashita, H. Terai, and Z. Wang, “High performance fiber-coupled NbTiN superconducting nanowire single photon detectors with Gifford-McMahon cryocooler,” Opt. Express 21(8), 10208–10214 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Yamashita, S. Miki, H. Terai, and Z. Wang, “Low-filling-factor superconducting single photon detector with high system detection efficiency,” Opt. Express 21(22), 27177–27184 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Yamashita, D. Liu, S. Miki, J. Yamamoto, T. Haraguchi, M. Kinjo, Y. Hiraoka, Z. Wang, and H. Terai, “Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy with visible-wavelength superconducting nanowire single-photon detector,” Opt. Express 22(23), 28783–28789 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

V. B. Verma, B. Korzh, F. Bussières, R. D. Horansky, S. D. Dyer, A. E. Lita, I. Vayshenker, F. Marsili, M. D. Shaw, H. Zbinden, R. P. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “High-efficiency superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors fabricated from MoSi thin-films,” Opt. Express 23(26), 33792–33801 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Opt. Lett. (1)

Phys. Rev. B (1)

A. J. Kerman, J. K. Yang, R. J. Molnar, E. A. Dauler, and K. K. Berggren, “Electrothermal feedback in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors,” Phys. Rev. B 79(10), 100509 (2009).
[Crossref]

Proc. SPIE (1)

D. M. Boroson, B. S. Robinson, D. V. Murphy, D. A. Burianek, F. Khatri, J. M. Kovalik, Z. Sodnik, and D. M. Cornwell, “Overview and results of the Lunar Laser Communication Demonstration,” Proc. SPIE 8971, 89710S (2014).
[Crossref]

Sci. Rep. (1)

T. Yamashita, K. Waki, S. Miki, R. A. Kirkwood, R. H. Hadfield, and H. Terai, “Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors with non-periodic dielectric multilayers,” Sci. Rep. 6(1), 35240 (2016).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Supercond. Sci. Technol. (1)

L. Redaelli, G. Bulgarini, S. Dobrovolskiy, S. N. Dorenbos, V. Zwiller, E. Monroy, and J. M. Gérard, “Design of broadband high-efficiency superconducting-nanowire single photon detectors,” Supercond. Sci. Technol. 29(6), 065016 (2016).
[Crossref]

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Figures (5)

Fig. 1
Fig. 1 Schematic view of structure of (a) ST-2SNAP and (b) SC-2SNAP.

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Fig. 2
Fig. 2 (a) Normalized photon response count rate as a function of normalized bias current for SC-2SNAP and ST-2SNAP. (b) Equivalent circuit of 2SNAP used for SPICE simulation.

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3 (a) Photon response count rate as a function of bias current for SC-2SNAP without Ls (#3). (b)(c)(d) Auto correlation function G(t) of #3 at bias currents of 12.0, 17.0, and 18.4 μA, respectively. For comparison, G(τ) of SC-2SNAP with choke inductor (#2) and standard SSPD (#4) are shown as the black and blue curves in (c), respectively.

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Fig. 4
Fig. 4 SDE and SDCR as a function of bias current for SC-2SNAP (#3) within the range of stable operation.

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Fig. 5
Fig. 5 FWHM timing jitter of SC-2SNAP (#3) as a function of bias current in the range of stable operation. Inset shows the histogram of timing correlation between laser pulses and output signals at a bias current of 17.5 μA, indicating FWHM timing jitter of 68 ps.

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Tables (1)

Tables Icon

Table 1 Design and physical parameters for devices treated in this paper.

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