Combining freeform optics and curved detectors for wide field imaging: a polynomial approach over squared aperture

B. Guenter, N. Joshi, R. Stoakley, A. Keefe, K. Geary, R. Freeman, J. Hundley, P. Patterson, D. Hammon, G. Herrera, E. Sherman, A. Nowak, R. Schubert, P. Brewer, L. Yang, R. Mott, and G. McKnight, “Highly curved image sensors: a practical approach for improved optical performance,” Opt. Express 25(12), 13010–13023 (2017).
[Crossref]

U. Fuchs and S. R. Kiontke, “Discussing design for manufacturability for two freeform imaging systems,” Proc. SPIE 9948, 99480L (2016).

Q. Meng, H. Wang, K. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Ji, and D. Wang, “Off-axis three-mirror freeform telescope with a large linear field of view based on an integration mirror,” Appl. Opt. 55(32), 8962–8970 (2016).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. P. Chrisp, B. Primeau, and M. A. Echter, “Imaging freeform optical systems designed with nurbs surfaces,” Opt. Eng. 55(7), 071208 (2016).
[Crossref]

M. Nikolic, P. Benítez, B. Narasimhan, D. Grabovickic, J. Liu, and J. C. Miñano, “Optical design through optimization for rectangular apertures using freeform orthogonal polynomials: a case study,” Opt. Eng. 55(7), 071204 (2016).
[Crossref]

M. Maksimovic, “Optical design and tolerancing of freeform surfaces using anisotropic radial basis functions,” Opt. Eng. 55(7), 071203 (2016).
[Crossref]

M. Nikolic, P. Benítez, J. C. Miña, D. Grabovickic, J. Liu, B. Narasimhn, and M. Buljan, “Optical design through optimization using freeform orthogonal polynomials for rectangular apertures,” Proc. SPIE 9626, 96260V (2015).
[Crossref]

J. Zhu, W. Hou, X. Zhang, and G. Jin, “Design of a low F-number freeform off-axis three-mirror system with rectangular field-of-view,” J. Opt. 17(1), 015605 (2015).
[Crossref]

S. Gautam, A. Gupta, and G. Singh, “Optical design of off-axis Cassegrain telescope using freeform surface at the secondary mirror,” Opt. Eng. 54(2), 025113 (2015).
[Crossref]

S. Kim, S. Chang, S. Pak, K. J. Lee, B. Jeong, G. J. Lee, G. H. Kim, S. K. Shin, and S. M. Yoo, “Fabrication of electroless nickel plated aluminum freeform mirror for an infrared off-axis telescope,” Appl. Opt. 54(34), 10137–10144 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Yang, J. Zhu, X. Wu, and G. Jin, “Direct design of freeform surfaces and freeform imaging systems with a point-by-point three-dimensional construction-iteration method,” Opt. Express 23(8), 10233–10246 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Q. Meng, W. Wang, H. Ma, and J. Dong, “Easy-aligned off-axis three-mirror system with wide field of view using freeform surface based on integration of primary and tertiary mirror,” Appl. Opt. 53(14), 3028–3034 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

K. Fuerschbach, G. E. Davis, K. P. Thompson, and J. P. Rolland, “Assembly of a freeform off-axis optical system employing three φ-polynomial Zernike mirrors,” Opt. Lett. 39(10), 2896–2899 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

E. Hugot, X. Wang, D. Valls-Gabaud, G. R. Lemaître, T. Agócs, R. Shu, and J. Wang, “A freeform-based, fast, wide-field, and distortion-free camera for ultralow surface brightness surveys,” Proc. SPIE 9143, 91434X (2014).
[Crossref]

J. Ye, Z. Gao, S. Wang, J. Cheng, W. Wang, and W. Sun, “Comparative assessment of orthogonal polynomials for wavefront reconstruction over the square aperture,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 31(10), 2304–2311 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Rossi, G. Borghi, I. A. Neil, G. Valsecchi, P. Zago, and F. E. Zocchi, “Electroformed off-axis toroidal aspheric three-mirror anastigmat multispectral imaging system,” Opt. Eng. 53(3), 031308 (2014).
[Crossref]

M. P. Chrisp, “New freeform NURBS imaging design code,” Proc. SPIE 9293, 92930N (2014).
[Crossref]

C. Menke and G. W. Forbes, “Optical design with orthogonal representations of rotationally symmetric and freeform aspheres,” Adv. Opt. Technol. 2(1), 97–109 (2013).

M. Laslandes, E. Hugot, M. Ferrari, C. Hourtoule, C. Singer, C. Devilliers, C. Lopez, and F. Chazallet, “Mirror actively deformed and regulated for applications in space: design and performance,” Opt. Eng. 52(9), 091803 (2013).
[Crossref]

O. Iwert, D. Ouellette, M. Lesser, and B. Delabre, “First results from a novel curving process for large area scientific imagers,” Proc. SPIE 8453, 84531W (2012).
[Crossref]

S. Pascal, M. Gray, S. Vives, D. Le Mignant, M. Ferrari, J.-G. Cuby, and K. Dohlen, “New modelling of freeform surfaces for optical design of astronomical instruments,” Proc. SPIE 8450, 845053 (2012).
[Crossref]

A. Hofmann, J. Unterhinninghofen, H. Ries, and S. Kaiser, “Double tailoring of freeform surfaces for off-axis aplanatic systems,” Proc. SPIE 8550, 855014 (2012).
[Crossref]

K. Fuerschbach, J. P. Rolland, and K. P. Thompson, “A new family of optical systems employing φ-polynomial surfaces,” Opt. Express 19(22), 21919–21928 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S.-B. Rim, P. B. Catrysse, R. Dinyari, K. Huang, and P. Peumans, “The optical advantages of curved focal plane arrays,” Opt. Express 16(7), 4965–4971 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. Dinyari, S.-B. Rim, K. Huang, P. B. Catrysse, and P. Peumans, “Curving monolithic silicon for nonplanar focal plane array applications,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(9), 091114 (2008).
[Crossref]

E. Hugot, G. R. Lemaître, and M. Ferrari, “Active optics: single actuator principle and angular thickness distribution for astigmatism compensation by elasticity,” Appl. Opt. 47(10), 1401–1409 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. N. Youngworth and E. I. Betensky, “Lens design with Forbes aspheres,” Proc. SPIE 7100, 71000W (2008).
[Crossref]

R. Upton and B. Ellerbroek, “Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization of the Zernike polynomials on apertures of arbitrary shape,” Opt. Lett. 29(24), 2840–2842 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

P. K. Swain, D. J. Channin, G. C. Taylor, S. A. Lipp, and D. S. Mark, “Curved ccds and their application with astronomical telescopes and stereo panoramic cameras,” Proc. SPIE 5301, 109–129 (2004).
[Crossref]

M. P. Lesser and J. A. Tyson, “Focal Plane Technologies for LSST,” Proc. SPIE 4836, 240 (2002).
[Crossref]

M. Ferrari, “Development of a variable curvature mirror for the delay lines of the VLT interferometer,” Astronomy Astrophys. 128, 221–227 (1998).

E. Hugot, X. Wang, D. Valls-Gabaud, G. R. Lemaître, T. Agócs, R. Shu, and J. Wang, “A freeform-based, fast, wide-field, and distortion-free camera for ultralow surface brightness surveys,” Proc. SPIE 9143, 91434X (2014).
[Crossref]

M. Nikolic, P. Benítez, B. Narasimhan, D. Grabovickic, J. Liu, and J. C. Miñano, “Optical design through optimization for rectangular apertures using freeform orthogonal polynomials: a case study,” Opt. Eng. 55(7), 071204 (2016).
[Crossref]

M. Nikolic, P. Benítez, J. C. Miña, D. Grabovickic, J. Liu, B. Narasimhn, and M. Buljan, “Optical design through optimization using freeform orthogonal polynomials for rectangular apertures,” Proc. SPIE 9626, 96260V (2015).
[Crossref]

R. N. Youngworth and E. I. Betensky, “Lens design with Forbes aspheres,” Proc. SPIE 7100, 71000W (2008).
[Crossref]

M. Rossi, G. Borghi, I. A. Neil, G. Valsecchi, P. Zago, and F. E. Zocchi, “Electroformed off-axis toroidal aspheric three-mirror anastigmat multispectral imaging system,” Opt. Eng. 53(3), 031308 (2014).
[Crossref]

B. Guenter, N. Joshi, R. Stoakley, A. Keefe, K. Geary, R. Freeman, J. Hundley, P. Patterson, D. Hammon, G. Herrera, E. Sherman, A. Nowak, R. Schubert, P. Brewer, L. Yang, R. Mott, and G. McKnight, “Highly curved image sensors: a practical approach for improved optical performance,” Opt. Express 25(12), 13010–13023 (2017).
[Crossref]

M. Nikolic, P. Benítez, J. C. Miña, D. Grabovickic, J. Liu, B. Narasimhn, and M. Buljan, “Optical design through optimization using freeform orthogonal polynomials for rectangular apertures,” Proc. SPIE 9626, 96260V (2015).
[Crossref]

R. Dinyari, S.-B. Rim, K. Huang, P. B. Catrysse, and P. Peumans, “Curving monolithic silicon for nonplanar focal plane array applications,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(9), 091114 (2008).
[Crossref]

S.-B. Rim, P. B. Catrysse, R. Dinyari, K. Huang, and P. Peumans, “The optical advantages of curved focal plane arrays,” Opt. Express 16(7), 4965–4971 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

B. Chambion, L. Nikitushkina, Y. Gaeremynck, W. Jahn, E. Hugot, G. Moulin, S. Getin, A. Vandeneynde, and D. Henry, “Tunable curvature of large visible CMOS image sensors: Towards new optical functions and system miniaturization,” in Proceedings of IEEE 66th Electronic Components and Technology Conference (IEEE, 2016), pp.178- 187.
[Crossref]

S. Kim, S. Chang, S. Pak, K. J. Lee, B. Jeong, G. J. Lee, G. H. Kim, S. K. Shin, and S. M. Yoo, “Fabrication of electroless nickel plated aluminum freeform mirror for an infrared off-axis telescope,” Appl. Opt. 54(34), 10137–10144 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

P. K. Swain, D. J. Channin, G. C. Taylor, S. A. Lipp, and D. S. Mark, “Curved ccds and their application with astronomical telescopes and stereo panoramic cameras,” Proc. SPIE 5301, 109–129 (2004).
[Crossref]

M. Laslandes, E. Hugot, M. Ferrari, C. Hourtoule, C. Singer, C. Devilliers, C. Lopez, and F. Chazallet, “Mirror actively deformed and regulated for applications in space: design and performance,” Opt. Eng. 52(9), 091803 (2013).
[Crossref]

J. Ye, Z. Gao, S. Wang, J. Cheng, W. Wang, and W. Sun, “Comparative assessment of orthogonal polynomials for wavefront reconstruction over the square aperture,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 31(10), 2304–2311 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. P. Chrisp, B. Primeau, and M. A. Echter, “Imaging freeform optical systems designed with nurbs surfaces,” Opt. Eng. 55(7), 071208 (2016).
[Crossref]

M. P. Chrisp, “New freeform NURBS imaging design code,” Proc. SPIE 9293, 92930N (2014).
[Crossref]

S. Pascal, M. Gray, S. Vives, D. Le Mignant, M. Ferrari, J.-G. Cuby, and K. Dohlen, “New modelling of freeform surfaces for optical design of astronomical instruments,” Proc. SPIE 8450, 845053 (2012).
[Crossref]

K. Fuerschbach, G. E. Davis, K. P. Thompson, and J. P. Rolland, “Assembly of a freeform off-axis optical system employing three φ-polynomial Zernike mirrors,” Opt. Lett. 39(10), 2896–2899 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

O. Iwert, D. Ouellette, M. Lesser, and B. Delabre, “First results from a novel curving process for large area scientific imagers,” Proc. SPIE 8453, 84531W (2012).
[Crossref]

M. Laslandes, E. Hugot, M. Ferrari, C. Hourtoule, C. Singer, C. Devilliers, C. Lopez, and F. Chazallet, “Mirror actively deformed and regulated for applications in space: design and performance,” Opt. Eng. 52(9), 091803 (2013).
[Crossref]

R. Dinyari, S.-B. Rim, K. Huang, P. B. Catrysse, and P. Peumans, “Curving monolithic silicon for nonplanar focal plane array applications,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(9), 091114 (2008).
[Crossref]

S.-B. Rim, P. B. Catrysse, R. Dinyari, K. Huang, and P. Peumans, “The optical advantages of curved focal plane arrays,” Opt. Express 16(7), 4965–4971 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Pascal, M. Gray, S. Vives, D. Le Mignant, M. Ferrari, J.-G. Cuby, and K. Dohlen, “New modelling of freeform surfaces for optical design of astronomical instruments,” Proc. SPIE 8450, 845053 (2012).
[Crossref]

Q. Meng, W. Wang, H. Ma, and J. Dong, “Easy-aligned off-axis three-mirror system with wide field of view using freeform surface based on integration of primary and tertiary mirror,” Appl. Opt. 53(14), 3028–3034 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. P. Chrisp, B. Primeau, and M. A. Echter, “Imaging freeform optical systems designed with nurbs surfaces,” Opt. Eng. 55(7), 071208 (2016).
[Crossref]

R. Upton and B. Ellerbroek, “Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization of the Zernike polynomials on apertures of arbitrary shape,” Opt. Lett. 29(24), 2840–2842 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Laslandes, E. Hugot, M. Ferrari, C. Hourtoule, C. Singer, C. Devilliers, C. Lopez, and F. Chazallet, “Mirror actively deformed and regulated for applications in space: design and performance,” Opt. Eng. 52(9), 091803 (2013).
[Crossref]

S. Pascal, M. Gray, S. Vives, D. Le Mignant, M. Ferrari, J.-G. Cuby, and K. Dohlen, “New modelling of freeform surfaces for optical design of astronomical instruments,” Proc. SPIE 8450, 845053 (2012).
[Crossref]

E. Hugot, G. R. Lemaître, and M. Ferrari, “Active optics: single actuator principle and angular thickness distribution for astigmatism compensation by elasticity,” Appl. Opt. 47(10), 1401–1409 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Ferrari, “Development of a variable curvature mirror for the delay lines of the VLT interferometer,” Astronomy Astrophys. 128, 221–227 (1998).

C. Menke and G. W. Forbes, “Optical design with orthogonal representations of rotationally symmetric and freeform aspheres,” Adv. Opt. Technol. 2(1), 97–109 (2013).

B. Guenter, N. Joshi, R. Stoakley, A. Keefe, K. Geary, R. Freeman, J. Hundley, P. Patterson, D. Hammon, G. Herrera, E. Sherman, A. Nowak, R. Schubert, P. Brewer, L. Yang, R. Mott, and G. McKnight, “Highly curved image sensors: a practical approach for improved optical performance,” Opt. Express 25(12), 13010–13023 (2017).
[Crossref]

U. Fuchs and S. R. Kiontke, “Discussing design for manufacturability for two freeform imaging systems,” Proc. SPIE 9948, 99480L (2016).

K. Fuerschbach, G. E. Davis, K. P. Thompson, and J. P. Rolland, “Assembly of a freeform off-axis optical system employing three φ-polynomial Zernike mirrors,” Opt. Lett. 39(10), 2896–2899 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

K. Fuerschbach, J. P. Rolland, and K. P. Thompson, “A new family of optical systems employing φ-polynomial surfaces,” Opt. Express 19(22), 21919–21928 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

B. Chambion, L. Nikitushkina, Y. Gaeremynck, W. Jahn, E. Hugot, G. Moulin, S. Getin, A. Vandeneynde, and D. Henry, “Tunable curvature of large visible CMOS image sensors: Towards new optical functions and system miniaturization,” in Proceedings of IEEE 66th Electronic Components and Technology Conference (IEEE, 2016), pp.178- 187.
[Crossref]

J. Ye, Z. Gao, S. Wang, J. Cheng, W. Wang, and W. Sun, “Comparative assessment of orthogonal polynomials for wavefront reconstruction over the square aperture,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 31(10), 2304–2311 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Gautam, A. Gupta, and G. Singh, “Optical design of off-axis Cassegrain telescope using freeform surface at the secondary mirror,” Opt. Eng. 54(2), 025113 (2015).
[Crossref]

B. Guenter, N. Joshi, R. Stoakley, A. Keefe, K. Geary, R. Freeman, J. Hundley, P. Patterson, D. Hammon, G. Herrera, E. Sherman, A. Nowak, R. Schubert, P. Brewer, L. Yang, R. Mott, and G. McKnight, “Highly curved image sensors: a practical approach for improved optical performance,” Opt. Express 25(12), 13010–13023 (2017).
[Crossref]

B. Chambion, L. Nikitushkina, Y. Gaeremynck, W. Jahn, E. Hugot, G. Moulin, S. Getin, A. Vandeneynde, and D. Henry, “Tunable curvature of large visible CMOS image sensors: Towards new optical functions and system miniaturization,” in Proceedings of IEEE 66th Electronic Components and Technology Conference (IEEE, 2016), pp.178- 187.
[Crossref]

M. Nikolic, P. Benítez, B. Narasimhan, D. Grabovickic, J. Liu, and J. C. Miñano, “Optical design through optimization for rectangular apertures using freeform orthogonal polynomials: a case study,” Opt. Eng. 55(7), 071204 (2016).
[Crossref]

M. Nikolic, P. Benítez, J. C. Miña, D. Grabovickic, J. Liu, B. Narasimhn, and M. Buljan, “Optical design through optimization using freeform orthogonal polynomials for rectangular apertures,” Proc. SPIE 9626, 96260V (2015).
[Crossref]

S. Pascal, M. Gray, S. Vives, D. Le Mignant, M. Ferrari, J.-G. Cuby, and K. Dohlen, “New modelling of freeform surfaces for optical design of astronomical instruments,” Proc. SPIE 8450, 845053 (2012).
[Crossref]

B. Guenter, N. Joshi, R. Stoakley, A. Keefe, K. Geary, R. Freeman, J. Hundley, P. Patterson, D. Hammon, G. Herrera, E. Sherman, A. Nowak, R. Schubert, P. Brewer, L. Yang, R. Mott, and G. McKnight, “Highly curved image sensors: a practical approach for improved optical performance,” Opt. Express 25(12), 13010–13023 (2017).
[Crossref]

S. Gautam, A. Gupta, and G. Singh, “Optical design of off-axis Cassegrain telescope using freeform surface at the secondary mirror,” Opt. Eng. 54(2), 025113 (2015).
[Crossref]

B. Guenter, N. Joshi, R. Stoakley, A. Keefe, K. Geary, R. Freeman, J. Hundley, P. Patterson, D. Hammon, G. Herrera, E. Sherman, A. Nowak, R. Schubert, P. Brewer, L. Yang, R. Mott, and G. McKnight, “Highly curved image sensors: a practical approach for improved optical performance,” Opt. Express 25(12), 13010–13023 (2017).
[Crossref]

B. Chambion, L. Nikitushkina, Y. Gaeremynck, W. Jahn, E. Hugot, G. Moulin, S. Getin, A. Vandeneynde, and D. Henry, “Tunable curvature of large visible CMOS image sensors: Towards new optical functions and system miniaturization,” in Proceedings of IEEE 66th Electronic Components and Technology Conference (IEEE, 2016), pp.178- 187.
[Crossref]

B. Guenter, N. Joshi, R. Stoakley, A. Keefe, K. Geary, R. Freeman, J. Hundley, P. Patterson, D. Hammon, G. Herrera, E. Sherman, A. Nowak, R. Schubert, P. Brewer, L. Yang, R. Mott, and G. McKnight, “Highly curved image sensors: a practical approach for improved optical performance,” Opt. Express 25(12), 13010–13023 (2017).
[Crossref]

A. Hofmann, J. Unterhinninghofen, H. Ries, and S. Kaiser, “Double tailoring of freeform surfaces for off-axis aplanatic systems,” Proc. SPIE 8550, 855014 (2012).
[Crossref]

J. Zhu, W. Hou, X. Zhang, and G. Jin, “Design of a low F-number freeform off-axis three-mirror system with rectangular field-of-view,” J. Opt. 17(1), 015605 (2015).
[Crossref]

M. Laslandes, E. Hugot, M. Ferrari, C. Hourtoule, C. Singer, C. Devilliers, C. Lopez, and F. Chazallet, “Mirror actively deformed and regulated for applications in space: design and performance,” Opt. Eng. 52(9), 091803 (2013).
[Crossref]

S.-B. Rim, P. B. Catrysse, R. Dinyari, K. Huang, and P. Peumans, “The optical advantages of curved focal plane arrays,” Opt. Express 16(7), 4965–4971 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. Dinyari, S.-B. Rim, K. Huang, P. B. Catrysse, and P. Peumans, “Curving monolithic silicon for nonplanar focal plane array applications,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(9), 091114 (2008).
[Crossref]

E. Hugot, X. Wang, D. Valls-Gabaud, G. R. Lemaître, T. Agócs, R. Shu, and J. Wang, “A freeform-based, fast, wide-field, and distortion-free camera for ultralow surface brightness surveys,” Proc. SPIE 9143, 91434X (2014).
[Crossref]

M. Laslandes, E. Hugot, M. Ferrari, C. Hourtoule, C. Singer, C. Devilliers, C. Lopez, and F. Chazallet, “Mirror actively deformed and regulated for applications in space: design and performance,” Opt. Eng. 52(9), 091803 (2013).
[Crossref]

E. Hugot, G. R. Lemaître, and M. Ferrari, “Active optics: single actuator principle and angular thickness distribution for astigmatism compensation by elasticity,” Appl. Opt. 47(10), 1401–1409 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

B. Chambion, L. Nikitushkina, Y. Gaeremynck, W. Jahn, E. Hugot, G. Moulin, S. Getin, A. Vandeneynde, and D. Henry, “Tunable curvature of large visible CMOS image sensors: Towards new optical functions and system miniaturization,” in Proceedings of IEEE 66th Electronic Components and Technology Conference (IEEE, 2016), pp.178- 187.
[Crossref]

B. Guenter, N. Joshi, R. Stoakley, A. Keefe, K. Geary, R. Freeman, J. Hundley, P. Patterson, D. Hammon, G. Herrera, E. Sherman, A. Nowak, R. Schubert, P. Brewer, L. Yang, R. Mott, and G. McKnight, “Highly curved image sensors: a practical approach for improved optical performance,” Opt. Express 25(12), 13010–13023 (2017).
[Crossref]

O. Iwert, D. Ouellette, M. Lesser, and B. Delabre, “First results from a novel curving process for large area scientific imagers,” Proc. SPIE 8453, 84531W (2012).
[Crossref]

B. Chambion, L. Nikitushkina, Y. Gaeremynck, W. Jahn, E. Hugot, G. Moulin, S. Getin, A. Vandeneynde, and D. Henry, “Tunable curvature of large visible CMOS image sensors: Towards new optical functions and system miniaturization,” in Proceedings of IEEE 66th Electronic Components and Technology Conference (IEEE, 2016), pp.178- 187.
[Crossref]

S. Kim, S. Chang, S. Pak, K. J. Lee, B. Jeong, G. J. Lee, G. H. Kim, S. K. Shin, and S. M. Yoo, “Fabrication of electroless nickel plated aluminum freeform mirror for an infrared off-axis telescope,” Appl. Opt. 54(34), 10137–10144 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Q. Meng, H. Wang, K. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Ji, and D. Wang, “Off-axis three-mirror freeform telescope with a large linear field of view based on an integration mirror,” Appl. Opt. 55(32), 8962–8970 (2016).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Yang, J. Zhu, X. Wu, and G. Jin, “Direct design of freeform surfaces and freeform imaging systems with a point-by-point three-dimensional construction-iteration method,” Opt. Express 23(8), 10233–10246 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Zhu, W. Hou, X. Zhang, and G. Jin, “Design of a low F-number freeform off-axis three-mirror system with rectangular field-of-view,” J. Opt. 17(1), 015605 (2015).
[Crossref]

B. Guenter, N. Joshi, R. Stoakley, A. Keefe, K. Geary, R. Freeman, J. Hundley, P. Patterson, D. Hammon, G. Herrera, E. Sherman, A. Nowak, R. Schubert, P. Brewer, L. Yang, R. Mott, and G. McKnight, “Highly curved image sensors: a practical approach for improved optical performance,” Opt. Express 25(12), 13010–13023 (2017).
[Crossref]

A. Hofmann, J. Unterhinninghofen, H. Ries, and S. Kaiser, “Double tailoring of freeform surfaces for off-axis aplanatic systems,” Proc. SPIE 8550, 855014 (2012).
[Crossref]

B. Guenter, N. Joshi, R. Stoakley, A. Keefe, K. Geary, R. Freeman, J. Hundley, P. Patterson, D. Hammon, G. Herrera, E. Sherman, A. Nowak, R. Schubert, P. Brewer, L. Yang, R. Mott, and G. McKnight, “Highly curved image sensors: a practical approach for improved optical performance,” Opt. Express 25(12), 13010–13023 (2017).
[Crossref]

S. Kim, S. Chang, S. Pak, K. J. Lee, B. Jeong, G. J. Lee, G. H. Kim, S. K. Shin, and S. M. Yoo, “Fabrication of electroless nickel plated aluminum freeform mirror for an infrared off-axis telescope,” Appl. Opt. 54(34), 10137–10144 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Kim, S. Chang, S. Pak, K. J. Lee, B. Jeong, G. J. Lee, G. H. Kim, S. K. Shin, and S. M. Yoo, “Fabrication of electroless nickel plated aluminum freeform mirror for an infrared off-axis telescope,” Appl. Opt. 54(34), 10137–10144 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

U. Fuchs and S. R. Kiontke, “Discussing design for manufacturability for two freeform imaging systems,” Proc. SPIE 9948, 99480L (2016).

M. Laslandes, E. Hugot, M. Ferrari, C. Hourtoule, C. Singer, C. Devilliers, C. Lopez, and F. Chazallet, “Mirror actively deformed and regulated for applications in space: design and performance,” Opt. Eng. 52(9), 091803 (2013).
[Crossref]

S. Pascal, M. Gray, S. Vives, D. Le Mignant, M. Ferrari, J.-G. Cuby, and K. Dohlen, “New modelling of freeform surfaces for optical design of astronomical instruments,” Proc. SPIE 8450, 845053 (2012).
[Crossref]

S. Kim, S. Chang, S. Pak, K. J. Lee, B. Jeong, G. J. Lee, G. H. Kim, S. K. Shin, and S. M. Yoo, “Fabrication of electroless nickel plated aluminum freeform mirror for an infrared off-axis telescope,” Appl. Opt. 54(34), 10137–10144 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Kim, S. Chang, S. Pak, K. J. Lee, B. Jeong, G. J. Lee, G. H. Kim, S. K. Shin, and S. M. Yoo, “Fabrication of electroless nickel plated aluminum freeform mirror for an infrared off-axis telescope,” Appl. Opt. 54(34), 10137–10144 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

E. Hugot, X. Wang, D. Valls-Gabaud, G. R. Lemaître, T. Agócs, R. Shu, and J. Wang, “A freeform-based, fast, wide-field, and distortion-free camera for ultralow surface brightness surveys,” Proc. SPIE 9143, 91434X (2014).
[Crossref]

E. Hugot, G. R. Lemaître, and M. Ferrari, “Active optics: single actuator principle and angular thickness distribution for astigmatism compensation by elasticity,” Appl. Opt. 47(10), 1401–1409 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

O. Iwert, D. Ouellette, M. Lesser, and B. Delabre, “First results from a novel curving process for large area scientific imagers,” Proc. SPIE 8453, 84531W (2012).
[Crossref]

M. P. Lesser and J. A. Tyson, “Focal Plane Technologies for LSST,” Proc. SPIE 4836, 240 (2002).
[Crossref]

P. K. Swain, D. J. Channin, G. C. Taylor, S. A. Lipp, and D. S. Mark, “Curved ccds and their application with astronomical telescopes and stereo panoramic cameras,” Proc. SPIE 5301, 109–129 (2004).
[Crossref]

M. Nikolic, P. Benítez, B. Narasimhan, D. Grabovickic, J. Liu, and J. C. Miñano, “Optical design through optimization for rectangular apertures using freeform orthogonal polynomials: a case study,” Opt. Eng. 55(7), 071204 (2016).
[Crossref]

M. Nikolic, P. Benítez, J. C. Miña, D. Grabovickic, J. Liu, B. Narasimhn, and M. Buljan, “Optical design through optimization using freeform orthogonal polynomials for rectangular apertures,” Proc. SPIE 9626, 96260V (2015).
[Crossref]

M. Laslandes, E. Hugot, M. Ferrari, C. Hourtoule, C. Singer, C. Devilliers, C. Lopez, and F. Chazallet, “Mirror actively deformed and regulated for applications in space: design and performance,” Opt. Eng. 52(9), 091803 (2013).
[Crossref]

Q. Meng, W. Wang, H. Ma, and J. Dong, “Easy-aligned off-axis three-mirror system with wide field of view using freeform surface based on integration of primary and tertiary mirror,” Appl. Opt. 53(14), 3028–3034 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Maksimovic, “Optical design and tolerancing of freeform surfaces using anisotropic radial basis functions,” Opt. Eng. 55(7), 071203 (2016).
[Crossref]

P. K. Swain, D. J. Channin, G. C. Taylor, S. A. Lipp, and D. S. Mark, “Curved ccds and their application with astronomical telescopes and stereo panoramic cameras,” Proc. SPIE 5301, 109–129 (2004).
[Crossref]

B. Guenter, N. Joshi, R. Stoakley, A. Keefe, K. Geary, R. Freeman, J. Hundley, P. Patterson, D. Hammon, G. Herrera, E. Sherman, A. Nowak, R. Schubert, P. Brewer, L. Yang, R. Mott, and G. McKnight, “Highly curved image sensors: a practical approach for improved optical performance,” Opt. Express 25(12), 13010–13023 (2017).
[Crossref]

Q. Meng, H. Wang, K. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Ji, and D. Wang, “Off-axis three-mirror freeform telescope with a large linear field of view based on an integration mirror,” Appl. Opt. 55(32), 8962–8970 (2016).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Q. Meng, W. Wang, H. Ma, and J. Dong, “Easy-aligned off-axis three-mirror system with wide field of view using freeform surface based on integration of primary and tertiary mirror,” Appl. Opt. 53(14), 3028–3034 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. Menke and G. W. Forbes, “Optical design with orthogonal representations of rotationally symmetric and freeform aspheres,” Adv. Opt. Technol. 2(1), 97–109 (2013).

M. Nikolic, P. Benítez, J. C. Miña, D. Grabovickic, J. Liu, B. Narasimhn, and M. Buljan, “Optical design through optimization using freeform orthogonal polynomials for rectangular apertures,” Proc. SPIE 9626, 96260V (2015).
[Crossref]

M. Nikolic, P. Benítez, B. Narasimhan, D. Grabovickic, J. Liu, and J. C. Miñano, “Optical design through optimization for rectangular apertures using freeform orthogonal polynomials: a case study,” Opt. Eng. 55(7), 071204 (2016).
[Crossref]

B. Guenter, N. Joshi, R. Stoakley, A. Keefe, K. Geary, R. Freeman, J. Hundley, P. Patterson, D. Hammon, G. Herrera, E. Sherman, A. Nowak, R. Schubert, P. Brewer, L. Yang, R. Mott, and G. McKnight, “Highly curved image sensors: a practical approach for improved optical performance,” Opt. Express 25(12), 13010–13023 (2017).
[Crossref]

B. Chambion, L. Nikitushkina, Y. Gaeremynck, W. Jahn, E. Hugot, G. Moulin, S. Getin, A. Vandeneynde, and D. Henry, “Tunable curvature of large visible CMOS image sensors: Towards new optical functions and system miniaturization,” in Proceedings of IEEE 66th Electronic Components and Technology Conference (IEEE, 2016), pp.178- 187.
[Crossref]

M. Nikolic, P. Benítez, B. Narasimhan, D. Grabovickic, J. Liu, and J. C. Miñano, “Optical design through optimization for rectangular apertures using freeform orthogonal polynomials: a case study,” Opt. Eng. 55(7), 071204 (2016).
[Crossref]

M. Nikolic, P. Benítez, J. C. Miña, D. Grabovickic, J. Liu, B. Narasimhn, and M. Buljan, “Optical design through optimization using freeform orthogonal polynomials for rectangular apertures,” Proc. SPIE 9626, 96260V (2015).
[Crossref]

M. Rossi, G. Borghi, I. A. Neil, G. Valsecchi, P. Zago, and F. E. Zocchi, “Electroformed off-axis toroidal aspheric three-mirror anastigmat multispectral imaging system,” Opt. Eng. 53(3), 031308 (2014).
[Crossref]

B. Chambion, L. Nikitushkina, Y. Gaeremynck, W. Jahn, E. Hugot, G. Moulin, S. Getin, A. Vandeneynde, and D. Henry, “Tunable curvature of large visible CMOS image sensors: Towards new optical functions and system miniaturization,” in Proceedings of IEEE 66th Electronic Components and Technology Conference (IEEE, 2016), pp.178- 187.
[Crossref]

M. Nikolic, P. Benítez, B. Narasimhan, D. Grabovickic, J. Liu, and J. C. Miñano, “Optical design through optimization for rectangular apertures using freeform orthogonal polynomials: a case study,” Opt. Eng. 55(7), 071204 (2016).
[Crossref]

M. Nikolic, P. Benítez, J. C. Miña, D. Grabovickic, J. Liu, B. Narasimhn, and M. Buljan, “Optical design through optimization using freeform orthogonal polynomials for rectangular apertures,” Proc. SPIE 9626, 96260V (2015).
[Crossref]

B. Guenter, N. Joshi, R. Stoakley, A. Keefe, K. Geary, R. Freeman, J. Hundley, P. Patterson, D. Hammon, G. Herrera, E. Sherman, A. Nowak, R. Schubert, P. Brewer, L. Yang, R. Mott, and G. McKnight, “Highly curved image sensors: a practical approach for improved optical performance,” Opt. Express 25(12), 13010–13023 (2017).
[Crossref]

O. Iwert, D. Ouellette, M. Lesser, and B. Delabre, “First results from a novel curving process for large area scientific imagers,” Proc. SPIE 8453, 84531W (2012).
[Crossref]

S. Kim, S. Chang, S. Pak, K. J. Lee, B. Jeong, G. J. Lee, G. H. Kim, S. K. Shin, and S. M. Yoo, “Fabrication of electroless nickel plated aluminum freeform mirror for an infrared off-axis telescope,” Appl. Opt. 54(34), 10137–10144 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Pascal, M. Gray, S. Vives, D. Le Mignant, M. Ferrari, J.-G. Cuby, and K. Dohlen, “New modelling of freeform surfaces for optical design of astronomical instruments,” Proc. SPIE 8450, 845053 (2012).
[Crossref]

B. Guenter, N. Joshi, R. Stoakley, A. Keefe, K. Geary, R. Freeman, J. Hundley, P. Patterson, D. Hammon, G. Herrera, E. Sherman, A. Nowak, R. Schubert, P. Brewer, L. Yang, R. Mott, and G. McKnight, “Highly curved image sensors: a practical approach for improved optical performance,” Opt. Express 25(12), 13010–13023 (2017).
[Crossref]

R. Dinyari, S.-B. Rim, K. Huang, P. B. Catrysse, and P. Peumans, “Curving monolithic silicon for nonplanar focal plane array applications,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(9), 091114 (2008).
[Crossref]

S.-B. Rim, P. B. Catrysse, R. Dinyari, K. Huang, and P. Peumans, “The optical advantages of curved focal plane arrays,” Opt. Express 16(7), 4965–4971 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. P. Chrisp, B. Primeau, and M. A. Echter, “Imaging freeform optical systems designed with nurbs surfaces,” Opt. Eng. 55(7), 071208 (2016).
[Crossref]

A. Hofmann, J. Unterhinninghofen, H. Ries, and S. Kaiser, “Double tailoring of freeform surfaces for off-axis aplanatic systems,” Proc. SPIE 8550, 855014 (2012).
[Crossref]

S.-B. Rim, P. B. Catrysse, R. Dinyari, K. Huang, and P. Peumans, “The optical advantages of curved focal plane arrays,” Opt. Express 16(7), 4965–4971 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. Dinyari, S.-B. Rim, K. Huang, P. B. Catrysse, and P. Peumans, “Curving monolithic silicon for nonplanar focal plane array applications,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(9), 091114 (2008).
[Crossref]

K. Fuerschbach, G. E. Davis, K. P. Thompson, and J. P. Rolland, “Assembly of a freeform off-axis optical system employing three φ-polynomial Zernike mirrors,” Opt. Lett. 39(10), 2896–2899 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

K. Fuerschbach, J. P. Rolland, and K. P. Thompson, “A new family of optical systems employing φ-polynomial surfaces,” Opt. Express 19(22), 21919–21928 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Rossi, G. Borghi, I. A. Neil, G. Valsecchi, P. Zago, and F. E. Zocchi, “Electroformed off-axis toroidal aspheric three-mirror anastigmat multispectral imaging system,” Opt. Eng. 53(3), 031308 (2014).
[Crossref]

B. Guenter, N. Joshi, R. Stoakley, A. Keefe, K. Geary, R. Freeman, J. Hundley, P. Patterson, D. Hammon, G. Herrera, E. Sherman, A. Nowak, R. Schubert, P. Brewer, L. Yang, R. Mott, and G. McKnight, “Highly curved image sensors: a practical approach for improved optical performance,” Opt. Express 25(12), 13010–13023 (2017).
[Crossref]

B. Guenter, N. Joshi, R. Stoakley, A. Keefe, K. Geary, R. Freeman, J. Hundley, P. Patterson, D. Hammon, G. Herrera, E. Sherman, A. Nowak, R. Schubert, P. Brewer, L. Yang, R. Mott, and G. McKnight, “Highly curved image sensors: a practical approach for improved optical performance,” Opt. Express 25(12), 13010–13023 (2017).
[Crossref]

S. Kim, S. Chang, S. Pak, K. J. Lee, B. Jeong, G. J. Lee, G. H. Kim, S. K. Shin, and S. M. Yoo, “Fabrication of electroless nickel plated aluminum freeform mirror for an infrared off-axis telescope,” Appl. Opt. 54(34), 10137–10144 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

E. Hugot, X. Wang, D. Valls-Gabaud, G. R. Lemaître, T. Agócs, R. Shu, and J. Wang, “A freeform-based, fast, wide-field, and distortion-free camera for ultralow surface brightness surveys,” Proc. SPIE 9143, 91434X (2014).
[Crossref]

M. Laslandes, E. Hugot, M. Ferrari, C. Hourtoule, C. Singer, C. Devilliers, C. Lopez, and F. Chazallet, “Mirror actively deformed and regulated for applications in space: design and performance,” Opt. Eng. 52(9), 091803 (2013).
[Crossref]

S. Gautam, A. Gupta, and G. Singh, “Optical design of off-axis Cassegrain telescope using freeform surface at the secondary mirror,” Opt. Eng. 54(2), 025113 (2015).
[Crossref]

B. Guenter, N. Joshi, R. Stoakley, A. Keefe, K. Geary, R. Freeman, J. Hundley, P. Patterson, D. Hammon, G. Herrera, E. Sherman, A. Nowak, R. Schubert, P. Brewer, L. Yang, R. Mott, and G. McKnight, “Highly curved image sensors: a practical approach for improved optical performance,” Opt. Express 25(12), 13010–13023 (2017).
[Crossref]

J. Ye, Z. Gao, S. Wang, J. Cheng, W. Wang, and W. Sun, “Comparative assessment of orthogonal polynomials for wavefront reconstruction over the square aperture,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 31(10), 2304–2311 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

P. K. Swain, D. J. Channin, G. C. Taylor, S. A. Lipp, and D. S. Mark, “Curved ccds and their application with astronomical telescopes and stereo panoramic cameras,” Proc. SPIE 5301, 109–129 (2004).
[Crossref]

P. K. Swain, D. J. Channin, G. C. Taylor, S. A. Lipp, and D. S. Mark, “Curved ccds and their application with astronomical telescopes and stereo panoramic cameras,” Proc. SPIE 5301, 109–129 (2004).
[Crossref]

K. Fuerschbach, G. E. Davis, K. P. Thompson, and J. P. Rolland, “Assembly of a freeform off-axis optical system employing three φ-polynomial Zernike mirrors,” Opt. Lett. 39(10), 2896–2899 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

K. Fuerschbach, J. P. Rolland, and K. P. Thompson, “A new family of optical systems employing φ-polynomial surfaces,” Opt. Express 19(22), 21919–21928 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. P. Lesser and J. A. Tyson, “Focal Plane Technologies for LSST,” Proc. SPIE 4836, 240 (2002).
[Crossref]

A. Hofmann, J. Unterhinninghofen, H. Ries, and S. Kaiser, “Double tailoring of freeform surfaces for off-axis aplanatic systems,” Proc. SPIE 8550, 855014 (2012).
[Crossref]

R. Upton and B. Ellerbroek, “Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization of the Zernike polynomials on apertures of arbitrary shape,” Opt. Lett. 29(24), 2840–2842 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

E. Hugot, X. Wang, D. Valls-Gabaud, G. R. Lemaître, T. Agócs, R. Shu, and J. Wang, “A freeform-based, fast, wide-field, and distortion-free camera for ultralow surface brightness surveys,” Proc. SPIE 9143, 91434X (2014).
[Crossref]

M. Rossi, G. Borghi, I. A. Neil, G. Valsecchi, P. Zago, and F. E. Zocchi, “Electroformed off-axis toroidal aspheric three-mirror anastigmat multispectral imaging system,” Opt. Eng. 53(3), 031308 (2014).
[Crossref]

B. Chambion, L. Nikitushkina, Y. Gaeremynck, W. Jahn, E. Hugot, G. Moulin, S. Getin, A. Vandeneynde, and D. Henry, “Tunable curvature of large visible CMOS image sensors: Towards new optical functions and system miniaturization,” in Proceedings of IEEE 66th Electronic Components and Technology Conference (IEEE, 2016), pp.178- 187.
[Crossref]

S. Pascal, M. Gray, S. Vives, D. Le Mignant, M. Ferrari, J.-G. Cuby, and K. Dohlen, “New modelling of freeform surfaces for optical design of astronomical instruments,” Proc. SPIE 8450, 845053 (2012).
[Crossref]

Q. Meng, H. Wang, K. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Ji, and D. Wang, “Off-axis three-mirror freeform telescope with a large linear field of view based on an integration mirror,” Appl. Opt. 55(32), 8962–8970 (2016).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Q. Meng, H. Wang, K. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Ji, and D. Wang, “Off-axis three-mirror freeform telescope with a large linear field of view based on an integration mirror,” Appl. Opt. 55(32), 8962–8970 (2016).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

E. Hugot, X. Wang, D. Valls-Gabaud, G. R. Lemaître, T. Agócs, R. Shu, and J. Wang, “A freeform-based, fast, wide-field, and distortion-free camera for ultralow surface brightness surveys,” Proc. SPIE 9143, 91434X (2014).
[Crossref]

Q. Meng, H. Wang, K. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Ji, and D. Wang, “Off-axis three-mirror freeform telescope with a large linear field of view based on an integration mirror,” Appl. Opt. 55(32), 8962–8970 (2016).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Ye, Z. Gao, S. Wang, J. Cheng, W. Wang, and W. Sun, “Comparative assessment of orthogonal polynomials for wavefront reconstruction over the square aperture,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 31(10), 2304–2311 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Ye, Z. Gao, S. Wang, J. Cheng, W. Wang, and W. Sun, “Comparative assessment of orthogonal polynomials for wavefront reconstruction over the square aperture,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 31(10), 2304–2311 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Q. Meng, W. Wang, H. Ma, and J. Dong, “Easy-aligned off-axis three-mirror system with wide field of view using freeform surface based on integration of primary and tertiary mirror,” Appl. Opt. 53(14), 3028–3034 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

E. Hugot, X. Wang, D. Valls-Gabaud, G. R. Lemaître, T. Agócs, R. Shu, and J. Wang, “A freeform-based, fast, wide-field, and distortion-free camera for ultralow surface brightness surveys,” Proc. SPIE 9143, 91434X (2014).
[Crossref]

Q. Meng, H. Wang, K. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Ji, and D. Wang, “Off-axis three-mirror freeform telescope with a large linear field of view based on an integration mirror,” Appl. Opt. 55(32), 8962–8970 (2016).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Yang, J. Zhu, X. Wu, and G. Jin, “Direct design of freeform surfaces and freeform imaging systems with a point-by-point three-dimensional construction-iteration method,” Opt. Express 23(8), 10233–10246 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

B. Guenter, N. Joshi, R. Stoakley, A. Keefe, K. Geary, R. Freeman, J. Hundley, P. Patterson, D. Hammon, G. Herrera, E. Sherman, A. Nowak, R. Schubert, P. Brewer, L. Yang, R. Mott, and G. McKnight, “Highly curved image sensors: a practical approach for improved optical performance,” Opt. Express 25(12), 13010–13023 (2017).
[Crossref]

T. Yang, J. Zhu, X. Wu, and G. Jin, “Direct design of freeform surfaces and freeform imaging systems with a point-by-point three-dimensional construction-iteration method,” Opt. Express 23(8), 10233–10246 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Ye, Z. Gao, S. Wang, J. Cheng, W. Wang, and W. Sun, “Comparative assessment of orthogonal polynomials for wavefront reconstruction over the square aperture,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 31(10), 2304–2311 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Kim, S. Chang, S. Pak, K. J. Lee, B. Jeong, G. J. Lee, G. H. Kim, S. K. Shin, and S. M. Yoo, “Fabrication of electroless nickel plated aluminum freeform mirror for an infrared off-axis telescope,” Appl. Opt. 54(34), 10137–10144 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. N. Youngworth and E. I. Betensky, “Lens design with Forbes aspheres,” Proc. SPIE 7100, 71000W (2008).
[Crossref]

M. Rossi, G. Borghi, I. A. Neil, G. Valsecchi, P. Zago, and F. E. Zocchi, “Electroformed off-axis toroidal aspheric three-mirror anastigmat multispectral imaging system,” Opt. Eng. 53(3), 031308 (2014).
[Crossref]

J. Zhu, W. Hou, X. Zhang, and G. Jin, “Design of a low F-number freeform off-axis three-mirror system with rectangular field-of-view,” J. Opt. 17(1), 015605 (2015).
[Crossref]

J. Zhu, W. Hou, X. Zhang, and G. Jin, “Design of a low F-number freeform off-axis three-mirror system with rectangular field-of-view,” J. Opt. 17(1), 015605 (2015).
[Crossref]

T. Yang, J. Zhu, X. Wu, and G. Jin, “Direct design of freeform surfaces and freeform imaging systems with a point-by-point three-dimensional construction-iteration method,” Opt. Express 23(8), 10233–10246 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Rossi, G. Borghi, I. A. Neil, G. Valsecchi, P. Zago, and F. E. Zocchi, “Electroformed off-axis toroidal aspheric three-mirror anastigmat multispectral imaging system,” Opt. Eng. 53(3), 031308 (2014).
[Crossref]

C. Menke and G. W. Forbes, “Optical design with orthogonal representations of rotationally symmetric and freeform aspheres,” Adv. Opt. Technol. 2(1), 97–109 (2013).

Q. Meng, H. Wang, K. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Ji, and D. Wang, “Off-axis three-mirror freeform telescope with a large linear field of view based on an integration mirror,” Appl. Opt. 55(32), 8962–8970 (2016).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Q. Meng, W. Wang, H. Ma, and J. Dong, “Easy-aligned off-axis three-mirror system with wide field of view using freeform surface based on integration of primary and tertiary mirror,” Appl. Opt. 53(14), 3028–3034 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Kim, S. Chang, S. Pak, K. J. Lee, B. Jeong, G. J. Lee, G. H. Kim, S. K. Shin, and S. M. Yoo, “Fabrication of electroless nickel plated aluminum freeform mirror for an infrared off-axis telescope,” Appl. Opt. 54(34), 10137–10144 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

E. Hugot, G. R. Lemaître, and M. Ferrari, “Active optics: single actuator principle and angular thickness distribution for astigmatism compensation by elasticity,” Appl. Opt. 47(10), 1401–1409 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. Dinyari, S.-B. Rim, K. Huang, P. B. Catrysse, and P. Peumans, “Curving monolithic silicon for nonplanar focal plane array applications,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(9), 091114 (2008).
[Crossref]

M. Ferrari, “Development of a variable curvature mirror for the delay lines of the VLT interferometer,” Astronomy Astrophys. 128, 221–227 (1998).

J. Zhu, W. Hou, X. Zhang, and G. Jin, “Design of a low F-number freeform off-axis three-mirror system with rectangular field-of-view,” J. Opt. 17(1), 015605 (2015).
[Crossref]

J. Ye, Z. Gao, S. Wang, J. Cheng, W. Wang, and W. Sun, “Comparative assessment of orthogonal polynomials for wavefront reconstruction over the square aperture,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 31(10), 2304–2311 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Nikolic, P. Benítez, B. Narasimhan, D. Grabovickic, J. Liu, and J. C. Miñano, “Optical design through optimization for rectangular apertures using freeform orthogonal polynomials: a case study,” Opt. Eng. 55(7), 071204 (2016).
[Crossref]

M. Rossi, G. Borghi, I. A. Neil, G. Valsecchi, P. Zago, and F. E. Zocchi, “Electroformed off-axis toroidal aspheric three-mirror anastigmat multispectral imaging system,” Opt. Eng. 53(3), 031308 (2014).
[Crossref]

M. Laslandes, E. Hugot, M. Ferrari, C. Hourtoule, C. Singer, C. Devilliers, C. Lopez, and F. Chazallet, “Mirror actively deformed and regulated for applications in space: design and performance,” Opt. Eng. 52(9), 091803 (2013).
[Crossref]

S. Gautam, A. Gupta, and G. Singh, “Optical design of off-axis Cassegrain telescope using freeform surface at the secondary mirror,” Opt. Eng. 54(2), 025113 (2015).
[Crossref]

M. Maksimovic, “Optical design and tolerancing of freeform surfaces using anisotropic radial basis functions,” Opt. Eng. 55(7), 071203 (2016).
[Crossref]

M. P. Chrisp, B. Primeau, and M. A. Echter, “Imaging freeform optical systems designed with nurbs surfaces,” Opt. Eng. 55(7), 071208 (2016).
[Crossref]

T. Yang, J. Zhu, X. Wu, and G. Jin, “Direct design of freeform surfaces and freeform imaging systems with a point-by-point three-dimensional construction-iteration method,” Opt. Express 23(8), 10233–10246 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

B. Guenter, N. Joshi, R. Stoakley, A. Keefe, K. Geary, R. Freeman, J. Hundley, P. Patterson, D. Hammon, G. Herrera, E. Sherman, A. Nowak, R. Schubert, P. Brewer, L. Yang, R. Mott, and G. McKnight, “Highly curved image sensors: a practical approach for improved optical performance,” Opt. Express 25(12), 13010–13023 (2017).
[Crossref]

S.-B. Rim, P. B. Catrysse, R. Dinyari, K. Huang, and P. Peumans, “The optical advantages of curved focal plane arrays,” Opt. Express 16(7), 4965–4971 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

K. Fuerschbach, J. P. Rolland, and K. P. Thompson, “A new family of optical systems employing φ-polynomial surfaces,” Opt. Express 19(22), 21919–21928 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. Upton and B. Ellerbroek, “Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization of the Zernike polynomials on apertures of arbitrary shape,” Opt. Lett. 29(24), 2840–2842 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

K. Fuerschbach, G. E. Davis, K. P. Thompson, and J. P. Rolland, “Assembly of a freeform off-axis optical system employing three φ-polynomial Zernike mirrors,” Opt. Lett. 39(10), 2896–2899 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

E. Hugot, X. Wang, D. Valls-Gabaud, G. R. Lemaître, T. Agócs, R. Shu, and J. Wang, “A freeform-based, fast, wide-field, and distortion-free camera for ultralow surface brightness surveys,” Proc. SPIE 9143, 91434X (2014).
[Crossref]

A. Hofmann, J. Unterhinninghofen, H. Ries, and S. Kaiser, “Double tailoring of freeform surfaces for off-axis aplanatic systems,” Proc. SPIE 8550, 855014 (2012).
[Crossref]

S. Pascal, M. Gray, S. Vives, D. Le Mignant, M. Ferrari, J.-G. Cuby, and K. Dohlen, “New modelling of freeform surfaces for optical design of astronomical instruments,” Proc. SPIE 8450, 845053 (2012).
[Crossref]

M. P. Chrisp, “New freeform NURBS imaging design code,” Proc. SPIE 9293, 92930N (2014).
[Crossref]

R. N. Youngworth and E. I. Betensky, “Lens design with Forbes aspheres,” Proc. SPIE 7100, 71000W (2008).
[Crossref]

M. Nikolic, P. Benítez, J. C. Miña, D. Grabovickic, J. Liu, B. Narasimhn, and M. Buljan, “Optical design through optimization using freeform orthogonal polynomials for rectangular apertures,” Proc. SPIE 9626, 96260V (2015).
[Crossref]

P. K. Swain, D. J. Channin, G. C. Taylor, S. A. Lipp, and D. S. Mark, “Curved ccds and their application with astronomical telescopes and stereo panoramic cameras,” Proc. SPIE 5301, 109–129 (2004).
[Crossref]

U. Fuchs and S. R. Kiontke, “Discussing design for manufacturability for two freeform imaging systems,” Proc. SPIE 9948, 99480L (2016).

O. Iwert, D. Ouellette, M. Lesser, and B. Delabre, “First results from a novel curving process for large area scientific imagers,” Proc. SPIE 8453, 84531W (2012).
[Crossref]

M. P. Lesser and J. A. Tyson, “Focal Plane Technologies for LSST,” Proc. SPIE 4836, 240 (2002).
[Crossref]

S. Nikzad, M. Hoenk, and T. Jones, “Solid-state curved focal plane arrays,” (2010). US Patent 7,786,421.

J. M. Geary, Introduction to Lens Design: With Practical Zemax Examples (Willmann-Bell, 2002).

B. Chambion, L. Nikitushkina, Y. Gaeremynck, W. Jahn, E. Hugot, G. Moulin, S. Getin, A. Vandeneynde, and D. Henry, “Tunable curvature of large visible CMOS image sensors: Towards new optical functions and system miniaturization,” in Proceedings of IEEE 66th Electronic Components and Technology Conference (IEEE, 2016), pp.178- 187.
[Crossref]

R. Hentschel, B. Braunecker, and H. J. Tiziani, Advanced Optics Using Aspherical Elements (SPIE Publishing, 2008).

T. M. Apostol, Linear Algebra: A First Course, with Applications to Differential Equations (Wiley, 1997).

M. P. Chrisp, “Three Mirror Anastigmat Designed with NURBS Freeform Surfaces,” in Renewable Energy and the Environment: Postdeadline Papers, OSA Postdeadline Paper Digest (online) (Optical Society of America, 2013), paper FM4B.3.