Abstract

Operation of a cw thulium laser emitting at 816 nm has been demonstrated in bulk Tm:YLF with 46% slope efficiency. Prior cw demonstrations of this transition have been limited to ZBLAN fiber hosts and prior lasing in bulk crystalline host material has been limited to quasi-cw operation due to population trapping. Trapping at the 3F4 level was mitigated by co-lasing at 1876 nm. The co-lasing technique should be applicable to room-temperature operation and to power scaling of YLF and other crystal hosts.

© 2017 Optical Society of America

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References

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  1. H. Li, T. Towe, I. Chyr, D. Brown, T. Ngyuen, F. Reinhardt, X. Jin, R. Srinivasan, M. Berube, T. Truchan, R. Bullock, and J. Harrison, “Near 1 kW of continuous-wave power from a single high-efficiency diode-laser bar,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 19(13), 960–962 (2007).
    [Crossref]
  2. X. Liu, M. H. Hu, C. G. Caneau, R. Bhat, and C. Zah, “Thermal management strategies for high power semiconductor pump lasers,” IEEE Trans. Compon. Packag. Tech. 29(2), 268–276 (2006).
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    [Crossref]
  5. K. J. Creedon, S. M. Redmond, G. M. Smith, L. J. Missaggia, M. K. Connors, J. E. Kansky, T. Y. Fan, G. W. Turner, and A. Sanchez-Rubio, “High efficiency coherent beam combining of semiconductor optical amplifiers,” Opt. Lett. 37(23), 5006–5008 (2012).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  6. I. Matsushima, H. Yashiro, and T. Tomie, “10 kHz 40 W Ti:sapphire regenerative ring amplifier,” Opt. Lett. 31(13), 2066–2068 (2006).
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  7. C. X. Yu, S. J. Augst, S. M. Redmond, K. C. Goldizen, D. V. Murphy, A. Sanchez, and T. Y. Fan, “Coherent combining of a 4 kW, eight-element fiber amplifier array,” Opt. Lett. 36(14), 2686–2688 (2011).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  8. J. K. Brasseur, A. K. Abeeluck, A. R. Awtry, L. S. Meng, K. E. Shortoff, N. J. Miller, R. K. Hampton, M. H. Cuchiara, and D. K. Neumann, “2.3-kW continuous operation cryogenic Yb:YAG laser,” Proc. SPIE 6952, 69520L (2008).
    [Crossref]
  9. J. Y. Allain, M. Monerie, and H. Poignant, “Tunable CW lasing around 0.82, 1.48, 1.88 and 2.35 µm in thulium-doped fluorozirconate fiber,” Electron. Lett. 25(24), 1660–1662 (1989).
    [Crossref]
  10. J. N. Carter, R. G. Smart, A. C. Tropper, and D. C. Hanna, “Thulium-doped fluorozirconate fibre lasers,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 140, 10–15 (1992).
    [Crossref]
  11. E. Mejía, L. A. Zenteno, P. Gavrilovic, and A. Goyal, “High-efficiency lasing at 810 nm in single-mode Tm3+ doped fluorozirconate fiber pumped at 778 nm,” Opt. Eng. 37(10), 2699–2702 (1998).
    [Crossref]
  12. X. Zhu and N. Peyghambarian, “High-power ZBLAN glass fiber lasers: review and prospect,” Adv. Optoelectron. 2010, 501956 (2010).
    [Crossref]
  13. B. M. Walsh, N. P. Barnes, and B. Di Bartolo, “Branching ratios, cross sections, and radiative lifetimes of rare earth ions in solids: Application to Tm3+ and Ho3+ ions in LiYF4,” J. Appl. Phys. 83(5), 2772–2787 (1998).
    [Crossref]
  14. J. A. Caird, L. G. DeShazer, and J. Nella, “Characteristics of room-temperature 2.3-μm laser emission from Tm3+ in YAG and YAlO3,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 11(11), 874–881 (1975).
    [Crossref]
  15. T. Y. Fan, J. R. Ochoa, and P. A. Reed, “Cryogenic Tm:YAG laser in the near infrared,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 51(10), 1700605 (2015).
    [Crossref]
  16. A. Braud, S. Girard, J. L. Doualan, and R. Moncorgé, “Spectroscopy and fluorescence dynamics of (Tm3+, Tb3+) and (Tm3+, Eu3+) doped LiYF4 single crystals for 1.5- μm laser operation,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 34(11), 2246–2255 (1998).
    [Crossref]
  17. P. R. Watekar, S. Ju, and W. Han, “800 nm upconversion emission in Yb-sensitized Tm-doped optical fiber,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 18(15), 1609–1611 (2006).
    [Crossref]
  18. R. Allen, L. Esterowitz, and I. Aggarwal, “An efficient 1.46 μm thulium fiber laser via a cascade process,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 29(2), 303–306 (1993).
    [Crossref]
  19. F. Heine, V. Ostroumov, E. Heumann, T. Jensen, G. Huber, and B. H. T. Chai, “CW Yb, Tm:LiYF4 upconversion laser at 650 nm, 800 nm, and 1500 nm,” Proc. Adv. Solid-State Lasers 24, 77–79 (1995).

2015 (1)

T. Y. Fan, J. R. Ochoa, and P. A. Reed, “Cryogenic Tm:YAG laser in the near infrared,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 51(10), 1700605 (2015).
[Crossref]

2012 (1)

2011 (1)

2010 (1)

X. Zhu and N. Peyghambarian, “High-power ZBLAN glass fiber lasers: review and prospect,” Adv. Optoelectron. 2010, 501956 (2010).
[Crossref]

2008 (1)

J. K. Brasseur, A. K. Abeeluck, A. R. Awtry, L. S. Meng, K. E. Shortoff, N. J. Miller, R. K. Hampton, M. H. Cuchiara, and D. K. Neumann, “2.3-kW continuous operation cryogenic Yb:YAG laser,” Proc. SPIE 6952, 69520L (2008).
[Crossref]

2007 (2)

H. Li, T. Towe, I. Chyr, D. Brown, T. Ngyuen, F. Reinhardt, X. Jin, R. Srinivasan, M. Berube, T. Truchan, R. Bullock, and J. Harrison, “Near 1 kW of continuous-wave power from a single high-efficiency diode-laser bar,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 19(13), 960–962 (2007).
[Crossref]

R. K. Huang, B. Chann, L. J. Missaggia, J. P. Donnelly, C. T. Harris, G. W. Turner, A. K. Goyal, T. Y. Fan, and A. Sanchez-Rubio, “High-brightness wavelength beam combined semiconductor laser arrays,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 19(4), 209–211 (2007).
[Crossref]

2006 (3)

I. Matsushima, H. Yashiro, and T. Tomie, “10 kHz 40 W Ti:sapphire regenerative ring amplifier,” Opt. Lett. 31(13), 2066–2068 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

X. Liu, M. H. Hu, C. G. Caneau, R. Bhat, and C. Zah, “Thermal management strategies for high power semiconductor pump lasers,” IEEE Trans. Compon. Packag. Tech. 29(2), 268–276 (2006).
[Crossref]

P. R. Watekar, S. Ju, and W. Han, “800 nm upconversion emission in Yb-sensitized Tm-doped optical fiber,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 18(15), 1609–1611 (2006).
[Crossref]

1998 (3)

E. Mejía, L. A. Zenteno, P. Gavrilovic, and A. Goyal, “High-efficiency lasing at 810 nm in single-mode Tm3+ doped fluorozirconate fiber pumped at 778 nm,” Opt. Eng. 37(10), 2699–2702 (1998).
[Crossref]

B. M. Walsh, N. P. Barnes, and B. Di Bartolo, “Branching ratios, cross sections, and radiative lifetimes of rare earth ions in solids: Application to Tm3+ and Ho3+ ions in LiYF4,” J. Appl. Phys. 83(5), 2772–2787 (1998).
[Crossref]

A. Braud, S. Girard, J. L. Doualan, and R. Moncorgé, “Spectroscopy and fluorescence dynamics of (Tm3+, Tb3+) and (Tm3+, Eu3+) doped LiYF4 single crystals for 1.5- μm laser operation,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 34(11), 2246–2255 (1998).
[Crossref]

1995 (1)

F. Heine, V. Ostroumov, E. Heumann, T. Jensen, G. Huber, and B. H. T. Chai, “CW Yb, Tm:LiYF4 upconversion laser at 650 nm, 800 nm, and 1500 nm,” Proc. Adv. Solid-State Lasers 24, 77–79 (1995).

1993 (1)

R. Allen, L. Esterowitz, and I. Aggarwal, “An efficient 1.46 μm thulium fiber laser via a cascade process,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 29(2), 303–306 (1993).
[Crossref]

1992 (1)

J. N. Carter, R. G. Smart, A. C. Tropper, and D. C. Hanna, “Thulium-doped fluorozirconate fibre lasers,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 140, 10–15 (1992).
[Crossref]

1989 (1)

J. Y. Allain, M. Monerie, and H. Poignant, “Tunable CW lasing around 0.82, 1.48, 1.88 and 2.35 µm in thulium-doped fluorozirconate fiber,” Electron. Lett. 25(24), 1660–1662 (1989).
[Crossref]

1986 (1)

1975 (1)

J. A. Caird, L. G. DeShazer, and J. Nella, “Characteristics of room-temperature 2.3-μm laser emission from Tm3+ in YAG and YAlO3,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 11(11), 874–881 (1975).
[Crossref]

Abeeluck, A. K.

J. K. Brasseur, A. K. Abeeluck, A. R. Awtry, L. S. Meng, K. E. Shortoff, N. J. Miller, R. K. Hampton, M. H. Cuchiara, and D. K. Neumann, “2.3-kW continuous operation cryogenic Yb:YAG laser,” Proc. SPIE 6952, 69520L (2008).
[Crossref]

Aggarwal, I.

R. Allen, L. Esterowitz, and I. Aggarwal, “An efficient 1.46 μm thulium fiber laser via a cascade process,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 29(2), 303–306 (1993).
[Crossref]

Allain, J. Y.

J. Y. Allain, M. Monerie, and H. Poignant, “Tunable CW lasing around 0.82, 1.48, 1.88 and 2.35 µm in thulium-doped fluorozirconate fiber,” Electron. Lett. 25(24), 1660–1662 (1989).
[Crossref]

Allen, R.

R. Allen, L. Esterowitz, and I. Aggarwal, “An efficient 1.46 μm thulium fiber laser via a cascade process,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 29(2), 303–306 (1993).
[Crossref]

Augst, S. J.

Awtry, A. R.

J. K. Brasseur, A. K. Abeeluck, A. R. Awtry, L. S. Meng, K. E. Shortoff, N. J. Miller, R. K. Hampton, M. H. Cuchiara, and D. K. Neumann, “2.3-kW continuous operation cryogenic Yb:YAG laser,” Proc. SPIE 6952, 69520L (2008).
[Crossref]

Barnes, N. P.

B. M. Walsh, N. P. Barnes, and B. Di Bartolo, “Branching ratios, cross sections, and radiative lifetimes of rare earth ions in solids: Application to Tm3+ and Ho3+ ions in LiYF4,” J. Appl. Phys. 83(5), 2772–2787 (1998).
[Crossref]

Berube, M.

H. Li, T. Towe, I. Chyr, D. Brown, T. Ngyuen, F. Reinhardt, X. Jin, R. Srinivasan, M. Berube, T. Truchan, R. Bullock, and J. Harrison, “Near 1 kW of continuous-wave power from a single high-efficiency diode-laser bar,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 19(13), 960–962 (2007).
[Crossref]

Bhat, R.

X. Liu, M. H. Hu, C. G. Caneau, R. Bhat, and C. Zah, “Thermal management strategies for high power semiconductor pump lasers,” IEEE Trans. Compon. Packag. Tech. 29(2), 268–276 (2006).
[Crossref]

Brasseur, J. K.

J. K. Brasseur, A. K. Abeeluck, A. R. Awtry, L. S. Meng, K. E. Shortoff, N. J. Miller, R. K. Hampton, M. H. Cuchiara, and D. K. Neumann, “2.3-kW continuous operation cryogenic Yb:YAG laser,” Proc. SPIE 6952, 69520L (2008).
[Crossref]

Braud, A.

A. Braud, S. Girard, J. L. Doualan, and R. Moncorgé, “Spectroscopy and fluorescence dynamics of (Tm3+, Tb3+) and (Tm3+, Eu3+) doped LiYF4 single crystals for 1.5- μm laser operation,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 34(11), 2246–2255 (1998).
[Crossref]

Brown, D.

H. Li, T. Towe, I. Chyr, D. Brown, T. Ngyuen, F. Reinhardt, X. Jin, R. Srinivasan, M. Berube, T. Truchan, R. Bullock, and J. Harrison, “Near 1 kW of continuous-wave power from a single high-efficiency diode-laser bar,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 19(13), 960–962 (2007).
[Crossref]

Bullock, R.

H. Li, T. Towe, I. Chyr, D. Brown, T. Ngyuen, F. Reinhardt, X. Jin, R. Srinivasan, M. Berube, T. Truchan, R. Bullock, and J. Harrison, “Near 1 kW of continuous-wave power from a single high-efficiency diode-laser bar,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 19(13), 960–962 (2007).
[Crossref]

Caird, J. A.

J. A. Caird, L. G. DeShazer, and J. Nella, “Characteristics of room-temperature 2.3-μm laser emission from Tm3+ in YAG and YAlO3,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 11(11), 874–881 (1975).
[Crossref]

Caneau, C. G.

X. Liu, M. H. Hu, C. G. Caneau, R. Bhat, and C. Zah, “Thermal management strategies for high power semiconductor pump lasers,” IEEE Trans. Compon. Packag. Tech. 29(2), 268–276 (2006).
[Crossref]

Carter, J. N.

J. N. Carter, R. G. Smart, A. C. Tropper, and D. C. Hanna, “Thulium-doped fluorozirconate fibre lasers,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 140, 10–15 (1992).
[Crossref]

Chai, B. H. T.

F. Heine, V. Ostroumov, E. Heumann, T. Jensen, G. Huber, and B. H. T. Chai, “CW Yb, Tm:LiYF4 upconversion laser at 650 nm, 800 nm, and 1500 nm,” Proc. Adv. Solid-State Lasers 24, 77–79 (1995).

Chann, B.

R. K. Huang, B. Chann, L. J. Missaggia, J. P. Donnelly, C. T. Harris, G. W. Turner, A. K. Goyal, T. Y. Fan, and A. Sanchez-Rubio, “High-brightness wavelength beam combined semiconductor laser arrays,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 19(4), 209–211 (2007).
[Crossref]

Chyr, I.

H. Li, T. Towe, I. Chyr, D. Brown, T. Ngyuen, F. Reinhardt, X. Jin, R. Srinivasan, M. Berube, T. Truchan, R. Bullock, and J. Harrison, “Near 1 kW of continuous-wave power from a single high-efficiency diode-laser bar,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 19(13), 960–962 (2007).
[Crossref]

Connors, M. K.

Creedon, K. J.

Cuchiara, M. H.

J. K. Brasseur, A. K. Abeeluck, A. R. Awtry, L. S. Meng, K. E. Shortoff, N. J. Miller, R. K. Hampton, M. H. Cuchiara, and D. K. Neumann, “2.3-kW continuous operation cryogenic Yb:YAG laser,” Proc. SPIE 6952, 69520L (2008).
[Crossref]

DeShazer, L. G.

J. A. Caird, L. G. DeShazer, and J. Nella, “Characteristics of room-temperature 2.3-μm laser emission from Tm3+ in YAG and YAlO3,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 11(11), 874–881 (1975).
[Crossref]

Di Bartolo, B.

B. M. Walsh, N. P. Barnes, and B. Di Bartolo, “Branching ratios, cross sections, and radiative lifetimes of rare earth ions in solids: Application to Tm3+ and Ho3+ ions in LiYF4,” J. Appl. Phys. 83(5), 2772–2787 (1998).
[Crossref]

Donnelly, J. P.

R. K. Huang, B. Chann, L. J. Missaggia, J. P. Donnelly, C. T. Harris, G. W. Turner, A. K. Goyal, T. Y. Fan, and A. Sanchez-Rubio, “High-brightness wavelength beam combined semiconductor laser arrays,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 19(4), 209–211 (2007).
[Crossref]

Doualan, J. L.

A. Braud, S. Girard, J. L. Doualan, and R. Moncorgé, “Spectroscopy and fluorescence dynamics of (Tm3+, Tb3+) and (Tm3+, Eu3+) doped LiYF4 single crystals for 1.5- μm laser operation,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 34(11), 2246–2255 (1998).
[Crossref]

Esterowitz, L.

R. Allen, L. Esterowitz, and I. Aggarwal, “An efficient 1.46 μm thulium fiber laser via a cascade process,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 29(2), 303–306 (1993).
[Crossref]

Fan, T. Y.

T. Y. Fan, J. R. Ochoa, and P. A. Reed, “Cryogenic Tm:YAG laser in the near infrared,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 51(10), 1700605 (2015).
[Crossref]

K. J. Creedon, S. M. Redmond, G. M. Smith, L. J. Missaggia, M. K. Connors, J. E. Kansky, T. Y. Fan, G. W. Turner, and A. Sanchez-Rubio, “High efficiency coherent beam combining of semiconductor optical amplifiers,” Opt. Lett. 37(23), 5006–5008 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. X. Yu, S. J. Augst, S. M. Redmond, K. C. Goldizen, D. V. Murphy, A. Sanchez, and T. Y. Fan, “Coherent combining of a 4 kW, eight-element fiber amplifier array,” Opt. Lett. 36(14), 2686–2688 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. K. Huang, B. Chann, L. J. Missaggia, J. P. Donnelly, C. T. Harris, G. W. Turner, A. K. Goyal, T. Y. Fan, and A. Sanchez-Rubio, “High-brightness wavelength beam combined semiconductor laser arrays,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 19(4), 209–211 (2007).
[Crossref]

Gavrilovic, P.

E. Mejía, L. A. Zenteno, P. Gavrilovic, and A. Goyal, “High-efficiency lasing at 810 nm in single-mode Tm3+ doped fluorozirconate fiber pumped at 778 nm,” Opt. Eng. 37(10), 2699–2702 (1998).
[Crossref]

Girard, S.

A. Braud, S. Girard, J. L. Doualan, and R. Moncorgé, “Spectroscopy and fluorescence dynamics of (Tm3+, Tb3+) and (Tm3+, Eu3+) doped LiYF4 single crystals for 1.5- μm laser operation,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 34(11), 2246–2255 (1998).
[Crossref]

Goldizen, K. C.

Goyal, A.

E. Mejía, L. A. Zenteno, P. Gavrilovic, and A. Goyal, “High-efficiency lasing at 810 nm in single-mode Tm3+ doped fluorozirconate fiber pumped at 778 nm,” Opt. Eng. 37(10), 2699–2702 (1998).
[Crossref]

Goyal, A. K.

R. K. Huang, B. Chann, L. J. Missaggia, J. P. Donnelly, C. T. Harris, G. W. Turner, A. K. Goyal, T. Y. Fan, and A. Sanchez-Rubio, “High-brightness wavelength beam combined semiconductor laser arrays,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 19(4), 209–211 (2007).
[Crossref]

Hampton, R. K.

J. K. Brasseur, A. K. Abeeluck, A. R. Awtry, L. S. Meng, K. E. Shortoff, N. J. Miller, R. K. Hampton, M. H. Cuchiara, and D. K. Neumann, “2.3-kW continuous operation cryogenic Yb:YAG laser,” Proc. SPIE 6952, 69520L (2008).
[Crossref]

Han, W.

P. R. Watekar, S. Ju, and W. Han, “800 nm upconversion emission in Yb-sensitized Tm-doped optical fiber,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 18(15), 1609–1611 (2006).
[Crossref]

Hanna, D. C.

J. N. Carter, R. G. Smart, A. C. Tropper, and D. C. Hanna, “Thulium-doped fluorozirconate fibre lasers,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 140, 10–15 (1992).
[Crossref]

Harris, C. T.

R. K. Huang, B. Chann, L. J. Missaggia, J. P. Donnelly, C. T. Harris, G. W. Turner, A. K. Goyal, T. Y. Fan, and A. Sanchez-Rubio, “High-brightness wavelength beam combined semiconductor laser arrays,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 19(4), 209–211 (2007).
[Crossref]

Harrison, J.

H. Li, T. Towe, I. Chyr, D. Brown, T. Ngyuen, F. Reinhardt, X. Jin, R. Srinivasan, M. Berube, T. Truchan, R. Bullock, and J. Harrison, “Near 1 kW of continuous-wave power from a single high-efficiency diode-laser bar,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 19(13), 960–962 (2007).
[Crossref]

Heine, F.

F. Heine, V. Ostroumov, E. Heumann, T. Jensen, G. Huber, and B. H. T. Chai, “CW Yb, Tm:LiYF4 upconversion laser at 650 nm, 800 nm, and 1500 nm,” Proc. Adv. Solid-State Lasers 24, 77–79 (1995).

Heumann, E.

F. Heine, V. Ostroumov, E. Heumann, T. Jensen, G. Huber, and B. H. T. Chai, “CW Yb, Tm:LiYF4 upconversion laser at 650 nm, 800 nm, and 1500 nm,” Proc. Adv. Solid-State Lasers 24, 77–79 (1995).

Hu, M. H.

X. Liu, M. H. Hu, C. G. Caneau, R. Bhat, and C. Zah, “Thermal management strategies for high power semiconductor pump lasers,” IEEE Trans. Compon. Packag. Tech. 29(2), 268–276 (2006).
[Crossref]

Huang, R. K.

R. K. Huang, B. Chann, L. J. Missaggia, J. P. Donnelly, C. T. Harris, G. W. Turner, A. K. Goyal, T. Y. Fan, and A. Sanchez-Rubio, “High-brightness wavelength beam combined semiconductor laser arrays,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 19(4), 209–211 (2007).
[Crossref]

Huber, G.

F. Heine, V. Ostroumov, E. Heumann, T. Jensen, G. Huber, and B. H. T. Chai, “CW Yb, Tm:LiYF4 upconversion laser at 650 nm, 800 nm, and 1500 nm,” Proc. Adv. Solid-State Lasers 24, 77–79 (1995).

Jensen, T.

F. Heine, V. Ostroumov, E. Heumann, T. Jensen, G. Huber, and B. H. T. Chai, “CW Yb, Tm:LiYF4 upconversion laser at 650 nm, 800 nm, and 1500 nm,” Proc. Adv. Solid-State Lasers 24, 77–79 (1995).

Jin, X.

H. Li, T. Towe, I. Chyr, D. Brown, T. Ngyuen, F. Reinhardt, X. Jin, R. Srinivasan, M. Berube, T. Truchan, R. Bullock, and J. Harrison, “Near 1 kW of continuous-wave power from a single high-efficiency diode-laser bar,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 19(13), 960–962 (2007).
[Crossref]

Ju, S.

P. R. Watekar, S. Ju, and W. Han, “800 nm upconversion emission in Yb-sensitized Tm-doped optical fiber,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 18(15), 1609–1611 (2006).
[Crossref]

Kansky, J. E.

Li, H.

H. Li, T. Towe, I. Chyr, D. Brown, T. Ngyuen, F. Reinhardt, X. Jin, R. Srinivasan, M. Berube, T. Truchan, R. Bullock, and J. Harrison, “Near 1 kW of continuous-wave power from a single high-efficiency diode-laser bar,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 19(13), 960–962 (2007).
[Crossref]

Liu, X.

X. Liu, M. H. Hu, C. G. Caneau, R. Bhat, and C. Zah, “Thermal management strategies for high power semiconductor pump lasers,” IEEE Trans. Compon. Packag. Tech. 29(2), 268–276 (2006).
[Crossref]

Matsushima, I.

Mejía, E.

E. Mejía, L. A. Zenteno, P. Gavrilovic, and A. Goyal, “High-efficiency lasing at 810 nm in single-mode Tm3+ doped fluorozirconate fiber pumped at 778 nm,” Opt. Eng. 37(10), 2699–2702 (1998).
[Crossref]

Meng, L. S.

J. K. Brasseur, A. K. Abeeluck, A. R. Awtry, L. S. Meng, K. E. Shortoff, N. J. Miller, R. K. Hampton, M. H. Cuchiara, and D. K. Neumann, “2.3-kW continuous operation cryogenic Yb:YAG laser,” Proc. SPIE 6952, 69520L (2008).
[Crossref]

Miller, N. J.

J. K. Brasseur, A. K. Abeeluck, A. R. Awtry, L. S. Meng, K. E. Shortoff, N. J. Miller, R. K. Hampton, M. H. Cuchiara, and D. K. Neumann, “2.3-kW continuous operation cryogenic Yb:YAG laser,” Proc. SPIE 6952, 69520L (2008).
[Crossref]

Missaggia, L. J.

K. J. Creedon, S. M. Redmond, G. M. Smith, L. J. Missaggia, M. K. Connors, J. E. Kansky, T. Y. Fan, G. W. Turner, and A. Sanchez-Rubio, “High efficiency coherent beam combining of semiconductor optical amplifiers,” Opt. Lett. 37(23), 5006–5008 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. K. Huang, B. Chann, L. J. Missaggia, J. P. Donnelly, C. T. Harris, G. W. Turner, A. K. Goyal, T. Y. Fan, and A. Sanchez-Rubio, “High-brightness wavelength beam combined semiconductor laser arrays,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 19(4), 209–211 (2007).
[Crossref]

Moncorgé, R.

A. Braud, S. Girard, J. L. Doualan, and R. Moncorgé, “Spectroscopy and fluorescence dynamics of (Tm3+, Tb3+) and (Tm3+, Eu3+) doped LiYF4 single crystals for 1.5- μm laser operation,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 34(11), 2246–2255 (1998).
[Crossref]

Monerie, M.

J. Y. Allain, M. Monerie, and H. Poignant, “Tunable CW lasing around 0.82, 1.48, 1.88 and 2.35 µm in thulium-doped fluorozirconate fiber,” Electron. Lett. 25(24), 1660–1662 (1989).
[Crossref]

Moulton, P. F.

Murphy, D. V.

Nella, J.

J. A. Caird, L. G. DeShazer, and J. Nella, “Characteristics of room-temperature 2.3-μm laser emission from Tm3+ in YAG and YAlO3,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 11(11), 874–881 (1975).
[Crossref]

Neumann, D. K.

J. K. Brasseur, A. K. Abeeluck, A. R. Awtry, L. S. Meng, K. E. Shortoff, N. J. Miller, R. K. Hampton, M. H. Cuchiara, and D. K. Neumann, “2.3-kW continuous operation cryogenic Yb:YAG laser,” Proc. SPIE 6952, 69520L (2008).
[Crossref]

Ngyuen, T.

H. Li, T. Towe, I. Chyr, D. Brown, T. Ngyuen, F. Reinhardt, X. Jin, R. Srinivasan, M. Berube, T. Truchan, R. Bullock, and J. Harrison, “Near 1 kW of continuous-wave power from a single high-efficiency diode-laser bar,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 19(13), 960–962 (2007).
[Crossref]

Ochoa, J. R.

T. Y. Fan, J. R. Ochoa, and P. A. Reed, “Cryogenic Tm:YAG laser in the near infrared,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 51(10), 1700605 (2015).
[Crossref]

Ostroumov, V.

F. Heine, V. Ostroumov, E. Heumann, T. Jensen, G. Huber, and B. H. T. Chai, “CW Yb, Tm:LiYF4 upconversion laser at 650 nm, 800 nm, and 1500 nm,” Proc. Adv. Solid-State Lasers 24, 77–79 (1995).

Peyghambarian, N.

X. Zhu and N. Peyghambarian, “High-power ZBLAN glass fiber lasers: review and prospect,” Adv. Optoelectron. 2010, 501956 (2010).
[Crossref]

Poignant, H.

J. Y. Allain, M. Monerie, and H. Poignant, “Tunable CW lasing around 0.82, 1.48, 1.88 and 2.35 µm in thulium-doped fluorozirconate fiber,” Electron. Lett. 25(24), 1660–1662 (1989).
[Crossref]

Redmond, S. M.

Reed, P. A.

T. Y. Fan, J. R. Ochoa, and P. A. Reed, “Cryogenic Tm:YAG laser in the near infrared,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 51(10), 1700605 (2015).
[Crossref]

Reinhardt, F.

H. Li, T. Towe, I. Chyr, D. Brown, T. Ngyuen, F. Reinhardt, X. Jin, R. Srinivasan, M. Berube, T. Truchan, R. Bullock, and J. Harrison, “Near 1 kW of continuous-wave power from a single high-efficiency diode-laser bar,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 19(13), 960–962 (2007).
[Crossref]

Sanchez, A.

Sanchez-Rubio, A.

K. J. Creedon, S. M. Redmond, G. M. Smith, L. J. Missaggia, M. K. Connors, J. E. Kansky, T. Y. Fan, G. W. Turner, and A. Sanchez-Rubio, “High efficiency coherent beam combining of semiconductor optical amplifiers,” Opt. Lett. 37(23), 5006–5008 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. K. Huang, B. Chann, L. J. Missaggia, J. P. Donnelly, C. T. Harris, G. W. Turner, A. K. Goyal, T. Y. Fan, and A. Sanchez-Rubio, “High-brightness wavelength beam combined semiconductor laser arrays,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 19(4), 209–211 (2007).
[Crossref]

Shortoff, K. E.

J. K. Brasseur, A. K. Abeeluck, A. R. Awtry, L. S. Meng, K. E. Shortoff, N. J. Miller, R. K. Hampton, M. H. Cuchiara, and D. K. Neumann, “2.3-kW continuous operation cryogenic Yb:YAG laser,” Proc. SPIE 6952, 69520L (2008).
[Crossref]

Smart, R. G.

J. N. Carter, R. G. Smart, A. C. Tropper, and D. C. Hanna, “Thulium-doped fluorozirconate fibre lasers,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 140, 10–15 (1992).
[Crossref]

Smith, G. M.

Srinivasan, R.

H. Li, T. Towe, I. Chyr, D. Brown, T. Ngyuen, F. Reinhardt, X. Jin, R. Srinivasan, M. Berube, T. Truchan, R. Bullock, and J. Harrison, “Near 1 kW of continuous-wave power from a single high-efficiency diode-laser bar,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 19(13), 960–962 (2007).
[Crossref]

Tomie, T.

Towe, T.

H. Li, T. Towe, I. Chyr, D. Brown, T. Ngyuen, F. Reinhardt, X. Jin, R. Srinivasan, M. Berube, T. Truchan, R. Bullock, and J. Harrison, “Near 1 kW of continuous-wave power from a single high-efficiency diode-laser bar,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 19(13), 960–962 (2007).
[Crossref]

Tropper, A. C.

J. N. Carter, R. G. Smart, A. C. Tropper, and D. C. Hanna, “Thulium-doped fluorozirconate fibre lasers,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 140, 10–15 (1992).
[Crossref]

Truchan, T.

H. Li, T. Towe, I. Chyr, D. Brown, T. Ngyuen, F. Reinhardt, X. Jin, R. Srinivasan, M. Berube, T. Truchan, R. Bullock, and J. Harrison, “Near 1 kW of continuous-wave power from a single high-efficiency diode-laser bar,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 19(13), 960–962 (2007).
[Crossref]

Turner, G. W.

K. J. Creedon, S. M. Redmond, G. M. Smith, L. J. Missaggia, M. K. Connors, J. E. Kansky, T. Y. Fan, G. W. Turner, and A. Sanchez-Rubio, “High efficiency coherent beam combining of semiconductor optical amplifiers,” Opt. Lett. 37(23), 5006–5008 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. K. Huang, B. Chann, L. J. Missaggia, J. P. Donnelly, C. T. Harris, G. W. Turner, A. K. Goyal, T. Y. Fan, and A. Sanchez-Rubio, “High-brightness wavelength beam combined semiconductor laser arrays,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 19(4), 209–211 (2007).
[Crossref]

Walsh, B. M.

B. M. Walsh, N. P. Barnes, and B. Di Bartolo, “Branching ratios, cross sections, and radiative lifetimes of rare earth ions in solids: Application to Tm3+ and Ho3+ ions in LiYF4,” J. Appl. Phys. 83(5), 2772–2787 (1998).
[Crossref]

Watekar, P. R.

P. R. Watekar, S. Ju, and W. Han, “800 nm upconversion emission in Yb-sensitized Tm-doped optical fiber,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 18(15), 1609–1611 (2006).
[Crossref]

Yashiro, H.

Yu, C. X.

Zah, C.

X. Liu, M. H. Hu, C. G. Caneau, R. Bhat, and C. Zah, “Thermal management strategies for high power semiconductor pump lasers,” IEEE Trans. Compon. Packag. Tech. 29(2), 268–276 (2006).
[Crossref]

Zenteno, L. A.

E. Mejía, L. A. Zenteno, P. Gavrilovic, and A. Goyal, “High-efficiency lasing at 810 nm in single-mode Tm3+ doped fluorozirconate fiber pumped at 778 nm,” Opt. Eng. 37(10), 2699–2702 (1998).
[Crossref]

Zhu, X.

X. Zhu and N. Peyghambarian, “High-power ZBLAN glass fiber lasers: review and prospect,” Adv. Optoelectron. 2010, 501956 (2010).
[Crossref]

Adv. Optoelectron. (1)

X. Zhu and N. Peyghambarian, “High-power ZBLAN glass fiber lasers: review and prospect,” Adv. Optoelectron. 2010, 501956 (2010).
[Crossref]

Electron. Lett. (1)

J. Y. Allain, M. Monerie, and H. Poignant, “Tunable CW lasing around 0.82, 1.48, 1.88 and 2.35 µm in thulium-doped fluorozirconate fiber,” Electron. Lett. 25(24), 1660–1662 (1989).
[Crossref]

IEEE J. Quantum Electron. (4)

J. A. Caird, L. G. DeShazer, and J. Nella, “Characteristics of room-temperature 2.3-μm laser emission from Tm3+ in YAG and YAlO3,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 11(11), 874–881 (1975).
[Crossref]

T. Y. Fan, J. R. Ochoa, and P. A. Reed, “Cryogenic Tm:YAG laser in the near infrared,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 51(10), 1700605 (2015).
[Crossref]

A. Braud, S. Girard, J. L. Doualan, and R. Moncorgé, “Spectroscopy and fluorescence dynamics of (Tm3+, Tb3+) and (Tm3+, Eu3+) doped LiYF4 single crystals for 1.5- μm laser operation,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 34(11), 2246–2255 (1998).
[Crossref]

R. Allen, L. Esterowitz, and I. Aggarwal, “An efficient 1.46 μm thulium fiber laser via a cascade process,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 29(2), 303–306 (1993).
[Crossref]

IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. (3)

H. Li, T. Towe, I. Chyr, D. Brown, T. Ngyuen, F. Reinhardt, X. Jin, R. Srinivasan, M. Berube, T. Truchan, R. Bullock, and J. Harrison, “Near 1 kW of continuous-wave power from a single high-efficiency diode-laser bar,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 19(13), 960–962 (2007).
[Crossref]

R. K. Huang, B. Chann, L. J. Missaggia, J. P. Donnelly, C. T. Harris, G. W. Turner, A. K. Goyal, T. Y. Fan, and A. Sanchez-Rubio, “High-brightness wavelength beam combined semiconductor laser arrays,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 19(4), 209–211 (2007).
[Crossref]

P. R. Watekar, S. Ju, and W. Han, “800 nm upconversion emission in Yb-sensitized Tm-doped optical fiber,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 18(15), 1609–1611 (2006).
[Crossref]

IEEE Trans. Compon. Packag. Tech. (1)

X. Liu, M. H. Hu, C. G. Caneau, R. Bhat, and C. Zah, “Thermal management strategies for high power semiconductor pump lasers,” IEEE Trans. Compon. Packag. Tech. 29(2), 268–276 (2006).
[Crossref]

J. Appl. Phys. (1)

B. M. Walsh, N. P. Barnes, and B. Di Bartolo, “Branching ratios, cross sections, and radiative lifetimes of rare earth ions in solids: Application to Tm3+ and Ho3+ ions in LiYF4,” J. Appl. Phys. 83(5), 2772–2787 (1998).
[Crossref]

J. Non-Cryst. Solids (1)

J. N. Carter, R. G. Smart, A. C. Tropper, and D. C. Hanna, “Thulium-doped fluorozirconate fibre lasers,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 140, 10–15 (1992).
[Crossref]

J. Opt. Soc. Am. B (1)

Opt. Eng. (1)

E. Mejía, L. A. Zenteno, P. Gavrilovic, and A. Goyal, “High-efficiency lasing at 810 nm in single-mode Tm3+ doped fluorozirconate fiber pumped at 778 nm,” Opt. Eng. 37(10), 2699–2702 (1998).
[Crossref]

Opt. Lett. (3)

Proc. Adv. Solid-State Lasers (1)

F. Heine, V. Ostroumov, E. Heumann, T. Jensen, G. Huber, and B. H. T. Chai, “CW Yb, Tm:LiYF4 upconversion laser at 650 nm, 800 nm, and 1500 nm,” Proc. Adv. Solid-State Lasers 24, 77–79 (1995).

Proc. SPIE (1)

J. K. Brasseur, A. K. Abeeluck, A. R. Awtry, L. S. Meng, K. E. Shortoff, N. J. Miller, R. K. Hampton, M. H. Cuchiara, and D. K. Neumann, “2.3-kW continuous operation cryogenic Yb:YAG laser,” Proc. SPIE 6952, 69520L (2008).
[Crossref]

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Figures (3)

Fig. 1
Fig. 1 Energy level diagram of Tm3+ showing the numerous transitions stemming from the 3H4 level and order of magnitude lifetimes in crystal hosts. Dotted lines indicate non-radiative transitions.

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Fig. 2
Fig. 2 Absorption (top) and emission (bottom) spectra of Tm3+:YLF at 80 K and 300 K. The laser was pumped at 781.5 nm and operated at 816 nm. Note the dual vertical axes (respective plots are color-coded) and the different exponential orders of the absorption axes.

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3 Output power as a function of incident pump power for the dual wavelength Tm3+:YLF laser system. The fitted 816 nm slope is 46%.

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