Abstract

The recent advances in far-field super-resolution (SR) microscopy rely on, and therefore are limited by the ability to control the fluorescence of label molecules. We demonstrated a far field label-free SR methodology that relies on the nonlinear response of the reflectance to photo-modulation by a pump laser. Here we extend our approach in two directions. We show that the method can be further simplified and improved by using a single beam rather than a pump and probe or by adding spatial probe modulation to improve resolution. Additionally, we demonstrate SR in sectioning and further investigate the dynamics of non-linearity in photo-modulated reflectance. These new modalities of nonlinear photo-modulated reflectivity (NPMR) enhance its applicability using lower orders of nonlinear response.

© 2015 Optical Society of America

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  1. T. A. Klar, S. Jakobs, M. Dyba, A. Egner, and S. W. Hell, “Fluorescence microscopy with diffraction resolution barrier broken by stimulated emission,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97(15), 8206–8210 (2000).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  2. T. A. Klar, E. Engel, and S. W. Hell, “Breaking Abbe’s diffraction resolution limit in fluorescence microscopy with stimulated emission depletion beams of various shapes,” Phys. Rev. E Stat. Nonlin. Soft Matter Phys. 64(6), 066613 (2001).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  3. E. Betzig, G. H. Patterson, R. Sougrat, O. W. Lindwasser, S. Olenych, J. S. Bonifacino, M. W. Davidson, J. Lippincott-Schwartz, and H. F. Hess, “Imaging intracellular fluorescent proteins at nanometer resolution,” Science 313(5793), 1642–1645 (2006).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  4. R. Henriques, C. Griffiths, E. Hesper Rego, and M. M. Mhlanga, “PALM and STORM: unlocking live-cell super-resolution,” Biopolymers 95(5), 322–331 (2011).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  5. M. J. Rust, M. Bates, and X. Zhuang, “Sub-diffraction-limit imaging by stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM),” Nat. Methods 3(10), 793–796 (2006).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  6. T. Dertinger, R. Colyer, G. Iyer, S. Weiss, and J. Enderlein, “Fast, background-free, 3D super-resolution optical fluctuation imaging (SOFI),” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106(52), 22287–22292 (2009).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  7. O. Schwartz, J. M. Levitt, R. Tenne, S. Itzhakov, Z. Deutsch, and D. Oron, “Superresolution microscopy with quantum emitters,” Nano Lett. 13(12), 5832–5836 (2013).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  8. A. Szameit, Y. Shechtman, E. Osherovich, E. Bullkich, P. Sidorenko, H. Dana, S. Steiner, E. B. Kley, S. Gazit, T. Cohen-Hyams, S. Shoham, M. Zibulevsky, I. Yavneh, Y. C. Eldar, O. Cohen, and M. Segev, “Sparsity-based single-shot subwavelength coherent diffractive imaging,” Nat. Mater. 11(5), 455–459 (2012).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  9. Y. Shechtman, Y. C. Eldar, A. Szameit, and M. Segev, “Sparsity based sub-wavelength imaging with partially incoherent light via quadratic compressed sensing,” Opt. Express 19(16), 14807–14822 (2011).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  10. A. Barsic, G. Grover, and R. Piestun, “Three-dimensional super-resolution and localization of dense clusters of single molecules,” Sci. Rep. 4, 5388 (2014).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  11. P. Wang, M. N. Slipchenko, J. Mitchell, C. Yang, E. O. Potma, X. Xu, and J. X. Cheng, “Far-field imaging of non-fluorescent species with sub-diffraction resolution,” Nat. Photonics 7(6), 449–453 (2013).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  12. A. Danielli, K. Maslov, A. Garcia-Uribe, A. M. Winkler, C. Li, L. Wang, Y. Chen, G. W. Dorn, and L. V. Wang, “Label-free photoacoustic nanoscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 19(8), 086006 (2014).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  13. J. Yao, L. Wang, C. Li, C. Zhang, and L. V. Wang, “Photoimprint photoacoustic microscopy for three-dimensional label-free subdiffraction imaging,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 112(1), 014302 (2014).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  14. D. A. Nedosekin, E. I. Galanzha, E. Dervishi, A. S. Biris, and V. P. Zharov, “Super-resolution nonlinear photothermal microscopy,” Small 10(1), 135–142 (2014).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  15. O. Tzang, A. Pevzner, R. E. Marvel, R. F. Haglund, and O. Cheshnovsky, “Super-resolution in label-free photomodulated reflectivity,” Nano Lett. 15(2), 1362–1367 (2015).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  16. K. Fujita, M. Kobayashi, S. Kawano, M. Yamanaka, and S. Kawata, “High-resolution confocal microscopy by saturated excitation of fluorescence,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 99(22), 228105 (2007).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  17. W.-C. Kuo, Y.-T. Shih, H.-C. Hsu, Y.-H. Cheng, Y.-H. Liao, and C.-K. Sun, “Virtual spatial overlap modulation microscopy for resolution improvement,” Opt. Express 21(24), 30007–30018 (2013).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  18. R. W. Boyd, Z. Shi, and I. De Leon, “The third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility of gold,” Opt. Commun. 326, 74–79 (2014).
    [Crossref]
  19. A. Marini, M. Conforti, G. Della Valle, H. W. Lee, T. X. Tran, W. Chang, M. Schmidt, S. Longhi, P. St J Russell, and F. Biancalana, “Ultrafast nonlinear dynamics of surface plasmon polaritons in gold nanowires due to the intrinsic nonlinearity of metals,” New J. Phys. 15(1), 013033 (2013).
    [Crossref]
  20. A. Arbouet, D. Christofilos, N. Del Fatti, F. Vallée, J. R. Huntzinger, L. Arnaud, P. Billaud, and M. Broyer, “Direct measurement of the single-metal-cluster optical absorption,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 93(12), 127401 (2004).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  21. O. L. Muskens, G. Bachelier, N. D. Fatti, F. Vallée, A. Brioude, X. Jiang, and M.-P. Pileni, “Quantitative absorption spectroscopy of a single gold nanorod,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(24), 8917–8921 (2008).
    [Crossref]
  22. N. Fairbairn, R. A. Light, R. Carter, R. Fernandes, A. G. Kanaras, T. J. Elliott, M. G. Somekh, M. C. Pitter, and O. L. Muskens, “Spatial modulation microscopy for real-time imaging of plasmonic nanoparticles and cells,” Opt. Lett. 37(15), 3015–3017 (2012).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]

2015 (1)

O. Tzang, A. Pevzner, R. E. Marvel, R. F. Haglund, and O. Cheshnovsky, “Super-resolution in label-free photomodulated reflectivity,” Nano Lett. 15(2), 1362–1367 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2014 (5)

R. W. Boyd, Z. Shi, and I. De Leon, “The third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility of gold,” Opt. Commun. 326, 74–79 (2014).
[Crossref]

A. Barsic, G. Grover, and R. Piestun, “Three-dimensional super-resolution and localization of dense clusters of single molecules,” Sci. Rep. 4, 5388 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. Danielli, K. Maslov, A. Garcia-Uribe, A. M. Winkler, C. Li, L. Wang, Y. Chen, G. W. Dorn, and L. V. Wang, “Label-free photoacoustic nanoscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 19(8), 086006 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Yao, L. Wang, C. Li, C. Zhang, and L. V. Wang, “Photoimprint photoacoustic microscopy for three-dimensional label-free subdiffraction imaging,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 112(1), 014302 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. A. Nedosekin, E. I. Galanzha, E. Dervishi, A. S. Biris, and V. P. Zharov, “Super-resolution nonlinear photothermal microscopy,” Small 10(1), 135–142 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2013 (4)

P. Wang, M. N. Slipchenko, J. Mitchell, C. Yang, E. O. Potma, X. Xu, and J. X. Cheng, “Far-field imaging of non-fluorescent species with sub-diffraction resolution,” Nat. Photonics 7(6), 449–453 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. Marini, M. Conforti, G. Della Valle, H. W. Lee, T. X. Tran, W. Chang, M. Schmidt, S. Longhi, P. St J Russell, and F. Biancalana, “Ultrafast nonlinear dynamics of surface plasmon polaritons in gold nanowires due to the intrinsic nonlinearity of metals,” New J. Phys. 15(1), 013033 (2013).
[Crossref]

O. Schwartz, J. M. Levitt, R. Tenne, S. Itzhakov, Z. Deutsch, and D. Oron, “Superresolution microscopy with quantum emitters,” Nano Lett. 13(12), 5832–5836 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

W.-C. Kuo, Y.-T. Shih, H.-C. Hsu, Y.-H. Cheng, Y.-H. Liao, and C.-K. Sun, “Virtual spatial overlap modulation microscopy for resolution improvement,” Opt. Express 21(24), 30007–30018 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2012 (2)

N. Fairbairn, R. A. Light, R. Carter, R. Fernandes, A. G. Kanaras, T. J. Elliott, M. G. Somekh, M. C. Pitter, and O. L. Muskens, “Spatial modulation microscopy for real-time imaging of plasmonic nanoparticles and cells,” Opt. Lett. 37(15), 3015–3017 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. Szameit, Y. Shechtman, E. Osherovich, E. Bullkich, P. Sidorenko, H. Dana, S. Steiner, E. B. Kley, S. Gazit, T. Cohen-Hyams, S. Shoham, M. Zibulevsky, I. Yavneh, Y. C. Eldar, O. Cohen, and M. Segev, “Sparsity-based single-shot subwavelength coherent diffractive imaging,” Nat. Mater. 11(5), 455–459 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2011 (2)

2009 (1)

T. Dertinger, R. Colyer, G. Iyer, S. Weiss, and J. Enderlein, “Fast, background-free, 3D super-resolution optical fluctuation imaging (SOFI),” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106(52), 22287–22292 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2008 (1)

O. L. Muskens, G. Bachelier, N. D. Fatti, F. Vallée, A. Brioude, X. Jiang, and M.-P. Pileni, “Quantitative absorption spectroscopy of a single gold nanorod,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(24), 8917–8921 (2008).
[Crossref]

2007 (1)

K. Fujita, M. Kobayashi, S. Kawano, M. Yamanaka, and S. Kawata, “High-resolution confocal microscopy by saturated excitation of fluorescence,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 99(22), 228105 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2006 (2)

E. Betzig, G. H. Patterson, R. Sougrat, O. W. Lindwasser, S. Olenych, J. S. Bonifacino, M. W. Davidson, J. Lippincott-Schwartz, and H. F. Hess, “Imaging intracellular fluorescent proteins at nanometer resolution,” Science 313(5793), 1642–1645 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. J. Rust, M. Bates, and X. Zhuang, “Sub-diffraction-limit imaging by stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM),” Nat. Methods 3(10), 793–796 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2004 (1)

A. Arbouet, D. Christofilos, N. Del Fatti, F. Vallée, J. R. Huntzinger, L. Arnaud, P. Billaud, and M. Broyer, “Direct measurement of the single-metal-cluster optical absorption,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 93(12), 127401 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2001 (1)

T. A. Klar, E. Engel, and S. W. Hell, “Breaking Abbe’s diffraction resolution limit in fluorescence microscopy with stimulated emission depletion beams of various shapes,” Phys. Rev. E Stat. Nonlin. Soft Matter Phys. 64(6), 066613 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2000 (1)

T. A. Klar, S. Jakobs, M. Dyba, A. Egner, and S. W. Hell, “Fluorescence microscopy with diffraction resolution barrier broken by stimulated emission,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97(15), 8206–8210 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Arbouet, A.

A. Arbouet, D. Christofilos, N. Del Fatti, F. Vallée, J. R. Huntzinger, L. Arnaud, P. Billaud, and M. Broyer, “Direct measurement of the single-metal-cluster optical absorption,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 93(12), 127401 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Arnaud, L.

A. Arbouet, D. Christofilos, N. Del Fatti, F. Vallée, J. R. Huntzinger, L. Arnaud, P. Billaud, and M. Broyer, “Direct measurement of the single-metal-cluster optical absorption,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 93(12), 127401 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Bachelier, G.

O. L. Muskens, G. Bachelier, N. D. Fatti, F. Vallée, A. Brioude, X. Jiang, and M.-P. Pileni, “Quantitative absorption spectroscopy of a single gold nanorod,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(24), 8917–8921 (2008).
[Crossref]

Barsic, A.

A. Barsic, G. Grover, and R. Piestun, “Three-dimensional super-resolution and localization of dense clusters of single molecules,” Sci. Rep. 4, 5388 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Bates, M.

M. J. Rust, M. Bates, and X. Zhuang, “Sub-diffraction-limit imaging by stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM),” Nat. Methods 3(10), 793–796 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Betzig, E.

E. Betzig, G. H. Patterson, R. Sougrat, O. W. Lindwasser, S. Olenych, J. S. Bonifacino, M. W. Davidson, J. Lippincott-Schwartz, and H. F. Hess, “Imaging intracellular fluorescent proteins at nanometer resolution,” Science 313(5793), 1642–1645 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Biancalana, F.

A. Marini, M. Conforti, G. Della Valle, H. W. Lee, T. X. Tran, W. Chang, M. Schmidt, S. Longhi, P. St J Russell, and F. Biancalana, “Ultrafast nonlinear dynamics of surface plasmon polaritons in gold nanowires due to the intrinsic nonlinearity of metals,” New J. Phys. 15(1), 013033 (2013).
[Crossref]

Billaud, P.

A. Arbouet, D. Christofilos, N. Del Fatti, F. Vallée, J. R. Huntzinger, L. Arnaud, P. Billaud, and M. Broyer, “Direct measurement of the single-metal-cluster optical absorption,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 93(12), 127401 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Biris, A. S.

D. A. Nedosekin, E. I. Galanzha, E. Dervishi, A. S. Biris, and V. P. Zharov, “Super-resolution nonlinear photothermal microscopy,” Small 10(1), 135–142 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Bonifacino, J. S.

E. Betzig, G. H. Patterson, R. Sougrat, O. W. Lindwasser, S. Olenych, J. S. Bonifacino, M. W. Davidson, J. Lippincott-Schwartz, and H. F. Hess, “Imaging intracellular fluorescent proteins at nanometer resolution,” Science 313(5793), 1642–1645 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Boyd, R. W.

R. W. Boyd, Z. Shi, and I. De Leon, “The third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility of gold,” Opt. Commun. 326, 74–79 (2014).
[Crossref]

Brioude, A.

O. L. Muskens, G. Bachelier, N. D. Fatti, F. Vallée, A. Brioude, X. Jiang, and M.-P. Pileni, “Quantitative absorption spectroscopy of a single gold nanorod,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(24), 8917–8921 (2008).
[Crossref]

Broyer, M.

A. Arbouet, D. Christofilos, N. Del Fatti, F. Vallée, J. R. Huntzinger, L. Arnaud, P. Billaud, and M. Broyer, “Direct measurement of the single-metal-cluster optical absorption,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 93(12), 127401 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Bullkich, E.

A. Szameit, Y. Shechtman, E. Osherovich, E. Bullkich, P. Sidorenko, H. Dana, S. Steiner, E. B. Kley, S. Gazit, T. Cohen-Hyams, S. Shoham, M. Zibulevsky, I. Yavneh, Y. C. Eldar, O. Cohen, and M. Segev, “Sparsity-based single-shot subwavelength coherent diffractive imaging,” Nat. Mater. 11(5), 455–459 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Carter, R.

Chang, W.

A. Marini, M. Conforti, G. Della Valle, H. W. Lee, T. X. Tran, W. Chang, M. Schmidt, S. Longhi, P. St J Russell, and F. Biancalana, “Ultrafast nonlinear dynamics of surface plasmon polaritons in gold nanowires due to the intrinsic nonlinearity of metals,” New J. Phys. 15(1), 013033 (2013).
[Crossref]

Chen, Y.

A. Danielli, K. Maslov, A. Garcia-Uribe, A. M. Winkler, C. Li, L. Wang, Y. Chen, G. W. Dorn, and L. V. Wang, “Label-free photoacoustic nanoscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 19(8), 086006 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Cheng, J. X.

P. Wang, M. N. Slipchenko, J. Mitchell, C. Yang, E. O. Potma, X. Xu, and J. X. Cheng, “Far-field imaging of non-fluorescent species with sub-diffraction resolution,” Nat. Photonics 7(6), 449–453 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Cheng, Y.-H.

Cheshnovsky, O.

O. Tzang, A. Pevzner, R. E. Marvel, R. F. Haglund, and O. Cheshnovsky, “Super-resolution in label-free photomodulated reflectivity,” Nano Lett. 15(2), 1362–1367 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Christofilos, D.

A. Arbouet, D. Christofilos, N. Del Fatti, F. Vallée, J. R. Huntzinger, L. Arnaud, P. Billaud, and M. Broyer, “Direct measurement of the single-metal-cluster optical absorption,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 93(12), 127401 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Cohen, O.

A. Szameit, Y. Shechtman, E. Osherovich, E. Bullkich, P. Sidorenko, H. Dana, S. Steiner, E. B. Kley, S. Gazit, T. Cohen-Hyams, S. Shoham, M. Zibulevsky, I. Yavneh, Y. C. Eldar, O. Cohen, and M. Segev, “Sparsity-based single-shot subwavelength coherent diffractive imaging,” Nat. Mater. 11(5), 455–459 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Cohen-Hyams, T.

A. Szameit, Y. Shechtman, E. Osherovich, E. Bullkich, P. Sidorenko, H. Dana, S. Steiner, E. B. Kley, S. Gazit, T. Cohen-Hyams, S. Shoham, M. Zibulevsky, I. Yavneh, Y. C. Eldar, O. Cohen, and M. Segev, “Sparsity-based single-shot subwavelength coherent diffractive imaging,” Nat. Mater. 11(5), 455–459 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Colyer, R.

T. Dertinger, R. Colyer, G. Iyer, S. Weiss, and J. Enderlein, “Fast, background-free, 3D super-resolution optical fluctuation imaging (SOFI),” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106(52), 22287–22292 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Conforti, M.

A. Marini, M. Conforti, G. Della Valle, H. W. Lee, T. X. Tran, W. Chang, M. Schmidt, S. Longhi, P. St J Russell, and F. Biancalana, “Ultrafast nonlinear dynamics of surface plasmon polaritons in gold nanowires due to the intrinsic nonlinearity of metals,” New J. Phys. 15(1), 013033 (2013).
[Crossref]

Dana, H.

A. Szameit, Y. Shechtman, E. Osherovich, E. Bullkich, P. Sidorenko, H. Dana, S. Steiner, E. B. Kley, S. Gazit, T. Cohen-Hyams, S. Shoham, M. Zibulevsky, I. Yavneh, Y. C. Eldar, O. Cohen, and M. Segev, “Sparsity-based single-shot subwavelength coherent diffractive imaging,” Nat. Mater. 11(5), 455–459 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Danielli, A.

A. Danielli, K. Maslov, A. Garcia-Uribe, A. M. Winkler, C. Li, L. Wang, Y. Chen, G. W. Dorn, and L. V. Wang, “Label-free photoacoustic nanoscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 19(8), 086006 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Davidson, M. W.

E. Betzig, G. H. Patterson, R. Sougrat, O. W. Lindwasser, S. Olenych, J. S. Bonifacino, M. W. Davidson, J. Lippincott-Schwartz, and H. F. Hess, “Imaging intracellular fluorescent proteins at nanometer resolution,” Science 313(5793), 1642–1645 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

De Leon, I.

R. W. Boyd, Z. Shi, and I. De Leon, “The third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility of gold,” Opt. Commun. 326, 74–79 (2014).
[Crossref]

Del Fatti, N.

A. Arbouet, D. Christofilos, N. Del Fatti, F. Vallée, J. R. Huntzinger, L. Arnaud, P. Billaud, and M. Broyer, “Direct measurement of the single-metal-cluster optical absorption,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 93(12), 127401 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Della Valle, G.

A. Marini, M. Conforti, G. Della Valle, H. W. Lee, T. X. Tran, W. Chang, M. Schmidt, S. Longhi, P. St J Russell, and F. Biancalana, “Ultrafast nonlinear dynamics of surface plasmon polaritons in gold nanowires due to the intrinsic nonlinearity of metals,” New J. Phys. 15(1), 013033 (2013).
[Crossref]

Dertinger, T.

T. Dertinger, R. Colyer, G. Iyer, S. Weiss, and J. Enderlein, “Fast, background-free, 3D super-resolution optical fluctuation imaging (SOFI),” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106(52), 22287–22292 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Dervishi, E.

D. A. Nedosekin, E. I. Galanzha, E. Dervishi, A. S. Biris, and V. P. Zharov, “Super-resolution nonlinear photothermal microscopy,” Small 10(1), 135–142 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Deutsch, Z.

O. Schwartz, J. M. Levitt, R. Tenne, S. Itzhakov, Z. Deutsch, and D. Oron, “Superresolution microscopy with quantum emitters,” Nano Lett. 13(12), 5832–5836 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Dorn, G. W.

A. Danielli, K. Maslov, A. Garcia-Uribe, A. M. Winkler, C. Li, L. Wang, Y. Chen, G. W. Dorn, and L. V. Wang, “Label-free photoacoustic nanoscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 19(8), 086006 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Dyba, M.

T. A. Klar, S. Jakobs, M. Dyba, A. Egner, and S. W. Hell, “Fluorescence microscopy with diffraction resolution barrier broken by stimulated emission,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97(15), 8206–8210 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Egner, A.

T. A. Klar, S. Jakobs, M. Dyba, A. Egner, and S. W. Hell, “Fluorescence microscopy with diffraction resolution barrier broken by stimulated emission,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97(15), 8206–8210 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Eldar, Y. C.

A. Szameit, Y. Shechtman, E. Osherovich, E. Bullkich, P. Sidorenko, H. Dana, S. Steiner, E. B. Kley, S. Gazit, T. Cohen-Hyams, S. Shoham, M. Zibulevsky, I. Yavneh, Y. C. Eldar, O. Cohen, and M. Segev, “Sparsity-based single-shot subwavelength coherent diffractive imaging,” Nat. Mater. 11(5), 455–459 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Y. Shechtman, Y. C. Eldar, A. Szameit, and M. Segev, “Sparsity based sub-wavelength imaging with partially incoherent light via quadratic compressed sensing,” Opt. Express 19(16), 14807–14822 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Elliott, T. J.

Enderlein, J.

T. Dertinger, R. Colyer, G. Iyer, S. Weiss, and J. Enderlein, “Fast, background-free, 3D super-resolution optical fluctuation imaging (SOFI),” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106(52), 22287–22292 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Engel, E.

T. A. Klar, E. Engel, and S. W. Hell, “Breaking Abbe’s diffraction resolution limit in fluorescence microscopy with stimulated emission depletion beams of various shapes,” Phys. Rev. E Stat. Nonlin. Soft Matter Phys. 64(6), 066613 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Fairbairn, N.

Fatti, N. D.

O. L. Muskens, G. Bachelier, N. D. Fatti, F. Vallée, A. Brioude, X. Jiang, and M.-P. Pileni, “Quantitative absorption spectroscopy of a single gold nanorod,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(24), 8917–8921 (2008).
[Crossref]

Fernandes, R.

Fujita, K.

K. Fujita, M. Kobayashi, S. Kawano, M. Yamanaka, and S. Kawata, “High-resolution confocal microscopy by saturated excitation of fluorescence,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 99(22), 228105 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Galanzha, E. I.

D. A. Nedosekin, E. I. Galanzha, E. Dervishi, A. S. Biris, and V. P. Zharov, “Super-resolution nonlinear photothermal microscopy,” Small 10(1), 135–142 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Garcia-Uribe, A.

A. Danielli, K. Maslov, A. Garcia-Uribe, A. M. Winkler, C. Li, L. Wang, Y. Chen, G. W. Dorn, and L. V. Wang, “Label-free photoacoustic nanoscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 19(8), 086006 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Gazit, S.

A. Szameit, Y. Shechtman, E. Osherovich, E. Bullkich, P. Sidorenko, H. Dana, S. Steiner, E. B. Kley, S. Gazit, T. Cohen-Hyams, S. Shoham, M. Zibulevsky, I. Yavneh, Y. C. Eldar, O. Cohen, and M. Segev, “Sparsity-based single-shot subwavelength coherent diffractive imaging,” Nat. Mater. 11(5), 455–459 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Griffiths, C.

R. Henriques, C. Griffiths, E. Hesper Rego, and M. M. Mhlanga, “PALM and STORM: unlocking live-cell super-resolution,” Biopolymers 95(5), 322–331 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Grover, G.

A. Barsic, G. Grover, and R. Piestun, “Three-dimensional super-resolution and localization of dense clusters of single molecules,” Sci. Rep. 4, 5388 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Haglund, R. F.

O. Tzang, A. Pevzner, R. E. Marvel, R. F. Haglund, and O. Cheshnovsky, “Super-resolution in label-free photomodulated reflectivity,” Nano Lett. 15(2), 1362–1367 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Hell, S. W.

T. A. Klar, E. Engel, and S. W. Hell, “Breaking Abbe’s diffraction resolution limit in fluorescence microscopy with stimulated emission depletion beams of various shapes,” Phys. Rev. E Stat. Nonlin. Soft Matter Phys. 64(6), 066613 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. A. Klar, S. Jakobs, M. Dyba, A. Egner, and S. W. Hell, “Fluorescence microscopy with diffraction resolution barrier broken by stimulated emission,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97(15), 8206–8210 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Henriques, R.

R. Henriques, C. Griffiths, E. Hesper Rego, and M. M. Mhlanga, “PALM and STORM: unlocking live-cell super-resolution,” Biopolymers 95(5), 322–331 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Hesper Rego, E.

R. Henriques, C. Griffiths, E. Hesper Rego, and M. M. Mhlanga, “PALM and STORM: unlocking live-cell super-resolution,” Biopolymers 95(5), 322–331 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Hess, H. F.

E. Betzig, G. H. Patterson, R. Sougrat, O. W. Lindwasser, S. Olenych, J. S. Bonifacino, M. W. Davidson, J. Lippincott-Schwartz, and H. F. Hess, “Imaging intracellular fluorescent proteins at nanometer resolution,” Science 313(5793), 1642–1645 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Hsu, H.-C.

Huntzinger, J. R.

A. Arbouet, D. Christofilos, N. Del Fatti, F. Vallée, J. R. Huntzinger, L. Arnaud, P. Billaud, and M. Broyer, “Direct measurement of the single-metal-cluster optical absorption,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 93(12), 127401 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Itzhakov, S.

O. Schwartz, J. M. Levitt, R. Tenne, S. Itzhakov, Z. Deutsch, and D. Oron, “Superresolution microscopy with quantum emitters,” Nano Lett. 13(12), 5832–5836 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Iyer, G.

T. Dertinger, R. Colyer, G. Iyer, S. Weiss, and J. Enderlein, “Fast, background-free, 3D super-resolution optical fluctuation imaging (SOFI),” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106(52), 22287–22292 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Jakobs, S.

T. A. Klar, S. Jakobs, M. Dyba, A. Egner, and S. W. Hell, “Fluorescence microscopy with diffraction resolution barrier broken by stimulated emission,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97(15), 8206–8210 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Jiang, X.

O. L. Muskens, G. Bachelier, N. D. Fatti, F. Vallée, A. Brioude, X. Jiang, and M.-P. Pileni, “Quantitative absorption spectroscopy of a single gold nanorod,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(24), 8917–8921 (2008).
[Crossref]

Kanaras, A. G.

Kawano, S.

K. Fujita, M. Kobayashi, S. Kawano, M. Yamanaka, and S. Kawata, “High-resolution confocal microscopy by saturated excitation of fluorescence,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 99(22), 228105 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Kawata, S.

K. Fujita, M. Kobayashi, S. Kawano, M. Yamanaka, and S. Kawata, “High-resolution confocal microscopy by saturated excitation of fluorescence,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 99(22), 228105 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Klar, T. A.

T. A. Klar, E. Engel, and S. W. Hell, “Breaking Abbe’s diffraction resolution limit in fluorescence microscopy with stimulated emission depletion beams of various shapes,” Phys. Rev. E Stat. Nonlin. Soft Matter Phys. 64(6), 066613 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. A. Klar, S. Jakobs, M. Dyba, A. Egner, and S. W. Hell, “Fluorescence microscopy with diffraction resolution barrier broken by stimulated emission,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97(15), 8206–8210 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Kley, E. B.

A. Szameit, Y. Shechtman, E. Osherovich, E. Bullkich, P. Sidorenko, H. Dana, S. Steiner, E. B. Kley, S. Gazit, T. Cohen-Hyams, S. Shoham, M. Zibulevsky, I. Yavneh, Y. C. Eldar, O. Cohen, and M. Segev, “Sparsity-based single-shot subwavelength coherent diffractive imaging,” Nat. Mater. 11(5), 455–459 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Kobayashi, M.

K. Fujita, M. Kobayashi, S. Kawano, M. Yamanaka, and S. Kawata, “High-resolution confocal microscopy by saturated excitation of fluorescence,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 99(22), 228105 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Kuo, W.-C.

Lee, H. W.

A. Marini, M. Conforti, G. Della Valle, H. W. Lee, T. X. Tran, W. Chang, M. Schmidt, S. Longhi, P. St J Russell, and F. Biancalana, “Ultrafast nonlinear dynamics of surface plasmon polaritons in gold nanowires due to the intrinsic nonlinearity of metals,” New J. Phys. 15(1), 013033 (2013).
[Crossref]

Levitt, J. M.

O. Schwartz, J. M. Levitt, R. Tenne, S. Itzhakov, Z. Deutsch, and D. Oron, “Superresolution microscopy with quantum emitters,” Nano Lett. 13(12), 5832–5836 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Li, C.

J. Yao, L. Wang, C. Li, C. Zhang, and L. V. Wang, “Photoimprint photoacoustic microscopy for three-dimensional label-free subdiffraction imaging,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 112(1), 014302 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. Danielli, K. Maslov, A. Garcia-Uribe, A. M. Winkler, C. Li, L. Wang, Y. Chen, G. W. Dorn, and L. V. Wang, “Label-free photoacoustic nanoscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 19(8), 086006 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Liao, Y.-H.

Light, R. A.

Lindwasser, O. W.

E. Betzig, G. H. Patterson, R. Sougrat, O. W. Lindwasser, S. Olenych, J. S. Bonifacino, M. W. Davidson, J. Lippincott-Schwartz, and H. F. Hess, “Imaging intracellular fluorescent proteins at nanometer resolution,” Science 313(5793), 1642–1645 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Lippincott-Schwartz, J.

E. Betzig, G. H. Patterson, R. Sougrat, O. W. Lindwasser, S. Olenych, J. S. Bonifacino, M. W. Davidson, J. Lippincott-Schwartz, and H. F. Hess, “Imaging intracellular fluorescent proteins at nanometer resolution,” Science 313(5793), 1642–1645 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Longhi, S.

A. Marini, M. Conforti, G. Della Valle, H. W. Lee, T. X. Tran, W. Chang, M. Schmidt, S. Longhi, P. St J Russell, and F. Biancalana, “Ultrafast nonlinear dynamics of surface plasmon polaritons in gold nanowires due to the intrinsic nonlinearity of metals,” New J. Phys. 15(1), 013033 (2013).
[Crossref]

Marini, A.

A. Marini, M. Conforti, G. Della Valle, H. W. Lee, T. X. Tran, W. Chang, M. Schmidt, S. Longhi, P. St J Russell, and F. Biancalana, “Ultrafast nonlinear dynamics of surface plasmon polaritons in gold nanowires due to the intrinsic nonlinearity of metals,” New J. Phys. 15(1), 013033 (2013).
[Crossref]

Marvel, R. E.

O. Tzang, A. Pevzner, R. E. Marvel, R. F. Haglund, and O. Cheshnovsky, “Super-resolution in label-free photomodulated reflectivity,” Nano Lett. 15(2), 1362–1367 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Maslov, K.

A. Danielli, K. Maslov, A. Garcia-Uribe, A. M. Winkler, C. Li, L. Wang, Y. Chen, G. W. Dorn, and L. V. Wang, “Label-free photoacoustic nanoscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 19(8), 086006 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Mhlanga, M. M.

R. Henriques, C. Griffiths, E. Hesper Rego, and M. M. Mhlanga, “PALM and STORM: unlocking live-cell super-resolution,” Biopolymers 95(5), 322–331 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Mitchell, J.

P. Wang, M. N. Slipchenko, J. Mitchell, C. Yang, E. O. Potma, X. Xu, and J. X. Cheng, “Far-field imaging of non-fluorescent species with sub-diffraction resolution,” Nat. Photonics 7(6), 449–453 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Muskens, O. L.

N. Fairbairn, R. A. Light, R. Carter, R. Fernandes, A. G. Kanaras, T. J. Elliott, M. G. Somekh, M. C. Pitter, and O. L. Muskens, “Spatial modulation microscopy for real-time imaging of plasmonic nanoparticles and cells,” Opt. Lett. 37(15), 3015–3017 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

O. L. Muskens, G. Bachelier, N. D. Fatti, F. Vallée, A. Brioude, X. Jiang, and M.-P. Pileni, “Quantitative absorption spectroscopy of a single gold nanorod,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(24), 8917–8921 (2008).
[Crossref]

Nedosekin, D. A.

D. A. Nedosekin, E. I. Galanzha, E. Dervishi, A. S. Biris, and V. P. Zharov, “Super-resolution nonlinear photothermal microscopy,” Small 10(1), 135–142 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Olenych, S.

E. Betzig, G. H. Patterson, R. Sougrat, O. W. Lindwasser, S. Olenych, J. S. Bonifacino, M. W. Davidson, J. Lippincott-Schwartz, and H. F. Hess, “Imaging intracellular fluorescent proteins at nanometer resolution,” Science 313(5793), 1642–1645 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Oron, D.

O. Schwartz, J. M. Levitt, R. Tenne, S. Itzhakov, Z. Deutsch, and D. Oron, “Superresolution microscopy with quantum emitters,” Nano Lett. 13(12), 5832–5836 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Osherovich, E.

A. Szameit, Y. Shechtman, E. Osherovich, E. Bullkich, P. Sidorenko, H. Dana, S. Steiner, E. B. Kley, S. Gazit, T. Cohen-Hyams, S. Shoham, M. Zibulevsky, I. Yavneh, Y. C. Eldar, O. Cohen, and M. Segev, “Sparsity-based single-shot subwavelength coherent diffractive imaging,” Nat. Mater. 11(5), 455–459 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Patterson, G. H.

E. Betzig, G. H. Patterson, R. Sougrat, O. W. Lindwasser, S. Olenych, J. S. Bonifacino, M. W. Davidson, J. Lippincott-Schwartz, and H. F. Hess, “Imaging intracellular fluorescent proteins at nanometer resolution,” Science 313(5793), 1642–1645 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Pevzner, A.

O. Tzang, A. Pevzner, R. E. Marvel, R. F. Haglund, and O. Cheshnovsky, “Super-resolution in label-free photomodulated reflectivity,” Nano Lett. 15(2), 1362–1367 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Piestun, R.

A. Barsic, G. Grover, and R. Piestun, “Three-dimensional super-resolution and localization of dense clusters of single molecules,” Sci. Rep. 4, 5388 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Pileni, M.-P.

O. L. Muskens, G. Bachelier, N. D. Fatti, F. Vallée, A. Brioude, X. Jiang, and M.-P. Pileni, “Quantitative absorption spectroscopy of a single gold nanorod,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(24), 8917–8921 (2008).
[Crossref]

Pitter, M. C.

Potma, E. O.

P. Wang, M. N. Slipchenko, J. Mitchell, C. Yang, E. O. Potma, X. Xu, and J. X. Cheng, “Far-field imaging of non-fluorescent species with sub-diffraction resolution,” Nat. Photonics 7(6), 449–453 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Rust, M. J.

M. J. Rust, M. Bates, and X. Zhuang, “Sub-diffraction-limit imaging by stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM),” Nat. Methods 3(10), 793–796 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Schmidt, M.

A. Marini, M. Conforti, G. Della Valle, H. W. Lee, T. X. Tran, W. Chang, M. Schmidt, S. Longhi, P. St J Russell, and F. Biancalana, “Ultrafast nonlinear dynamics of surface plasmon polaritons in gold nanowires due to the intrinsic nonlinearity of metals,” New J. Phys. 15(1), 013033 (2013).
[Crossref]

Schwartz, O.

O. Schwartz, J. M. Levitt, R. Tenne, S. Itzhakov, Z. Deutsch, and D. Oron, “Superresolution microscopy with quantum emitters,” Nano Lett. 13(12), 5832–5836 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Segev, M.

A. Szameit, Y. Shechtman, E. Osherovich, E. Bullkich, P. Sidorenko, H. Dana, S. Steiner, E. B. Kley, S. Gazit, T. Cohen-Hyams, S. Shoham, M. Zibulevsky, I. Yavneh, Y. C. Eldar, O. Cohen, and M. Segev, “Sparsity-based single-shot subwavelength coherent diffractive imaging,” Nat. Mater. 11(5), 455–459 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Y. Shechtman, Y. C. Eldar, A. Szameit, and M. Segev, “Sparsity based sub-wavelength imaging with partially incoherent light via quadratic compressed sensing,” Opt. Express 19(16), 14807–14822 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Shechtman, Y.

A. Szameit, Y. Shechtman, E. Osherovich, E. Bullkich, P. Sidorenko, H. Dana, S. Steiner, E. B. Kley, S. Gazit, T. Cohen-Hyams, S. Shoham, M. Zibulevsky, I. Yavneh, Y. C. Eldar, O. Cohen, and M. Segev, “Sparsity-based single-shot subwavelength coherent diffractive imaging,” Nat. Mater. 11(5), 455–459 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Y. Shechtman, Y. C. Eldar, A. Szameit, and M. Segev, “Sparsity based sub-wavelength imaging with partially incoherent light via quadratic compressed sensing,” Opt. Express 19(16), 14807–14822 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Shi, Z.

R. W. Boyd, Z. Shi, and I. De Leon, “The third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility of gold,” Opt. Commun. 326, 74–79 (2014).
[Crossref]

Shih, Y.-T.

Shoham, S.

A. Szameit, Y. Shechtman, E. Osherovich, E. Bullkich, P. Sidorenko, H. Dana, S. Steiner, E. B. Kley, S. Gazit, T. Cohen-Hyams, S. Shoham, M. Zibulevsky, I. Yavneh, Y. C. Eldar, O. Cohen, and M. Segev, “Sparsity-based single-shot subwavelength coherent diffractive imaging,” Nat. Mater. 11(5), 455–459 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Sidorenko, P.

A. Szameit, Y. Shechtman, E. Osherovich, E. Bullkich, P. Sidorenko, H. Dana, S. Steiner, E. B. Kley, S. Gazit, T. Cohen-Hyams, S. Shoham, M. Zibulevsky, I. Yavneh, Y. C. Eldar, O. Cohen, and M. Segev, “Sparsity-based single-shot subwavelength coherent diffractive imaging,” Nat. Mater. 11(5), 455–459 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Slipchenko, M. N.

P. Wang, M. N. Slipchenko, J. Mitchell, C. Yang, E. O. Potma, X. Xu, and J. X. Cheng, “Far-field imaging of non-fluorescent species with sub-diffraction resolution,” Nat. Photonics 7(6), 449–453 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Somekh, M. G.

Sougrat, R.

E. Betzig, G. H. Patterson, R. Sougrat, O. W. Lindwasser, S. Olenych, J. S. Bonifacino, M. W. Davidson, J. Lippincott-Schwartz, and H. F. Hess, “Imaging intracellular fluorescent proteins at nanometer resolution,” Science 313(5793), 1642–1645 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

St J Russell, P.

A. Marini, M. Conforti, G. Della Valle, H. W. Lee, T. X. Tran, W. Chang, M. Schmidt, S. Longhi, P. St J Russell, and F. Biancalana, “Ultrafast nonlinear dynamics of surface plasmon polaritons in gold nanowires due to the intrinsic nonlinearity of metals,” New J. Phys. 15(1), 013033 (2013).
[Crossref]

Steiner, S.

A. Szameit, Y. Shechtman, E. Osherovich, E. Bullkich, P. Sidorenko, H. Dana, S. Steiner, E. B. Kley, S. Gazit, T. Cohen-Hyams, S. Shoham, M. Zibulevsky, I. Yavneh, Y. C. Eldar, O. Cohen, and M. Segev, “Sparsity-based single-shot subwavelength coherent diffractive imaging,” Nat. Mater. 11(5), 455–459 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Sun, C.-K.

Szameit, A.

A. Szameit, Y. Shechtman, E. Osherovich, E. Bullkich, P. Sidorenko, H. Dana, S. Steiner, E. B. Kley, S. Gazit, T. Cohen-Hyams, S. Shoham, M. Zibulevsky, I. Yavneh, Y. C. Eldar, O. Cohen, and M. Segev, “Sparsity-based single-shot subwavelength coherent diffractive imaging,” Nat. Mater. 11(5), 455–459 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Y. Shechtman, Y. C. Eldar, A. Szameit, and M. Segev, “Sparsity based sub-wavelength imaging with partially incoherent light via quadratic compressed sensing,” Opt. Express 19(16), 14807–14822 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Tenne, R.

O. Schwartz, J. M. Levitt, R. Tenne, S. Itzhakov, Z. Deutsch, and D. Oron, “Superresolution microscopy with quantum emitters,” Nano Lett. 13(12), 5832–5836 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Tran, T. X.

A. Marini, M. Conforti, G. Della Valle, H. W. Lee, T. X. Tran, W. Chang, M. Schmidt, S. Longhi, P. St J Russell, and F. Biancalana, “Ultrafast nonlinear dynamics of surface plasmon polaritons in gold nanowires due to the intrinsic nonlinearity of metals,” New J. Phys. 15(1), 013033 (2013).
[Crossref]

Tzang, O.

O. Tzang, A. Pevzner, R. E. Marvel, R. F. Haglund, and O. Cheshnovsky, “Super-resolution in label-free photomodulated reflectivity,” Nano Lett. 15(2), 1362–1367 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Vallée, F.

O. L. Muskens, G. Bachelier, N. D. Fatti, F. Vallée, A. Brioude, X. Jiang, and M.-P. Pileni, “Quantitative absorption spectroscopy of a single gold nanorod,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(24), 8917–8921 (2008).
[Crossref]

A. Arbouet, D. Christofilos, N. Del Fatti, F. Vallée, J. R. Huntzinger, L. Arnaud, P. Billaud, and M. Broyer, “Direct measurement of the single-metal-cluster optical absorption,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 93(12), 127401 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Wang, L.

J. Yao, L. Wang, C. Li, C. Zhang, and L. V. Wang, “Photoimprint photoacoustic microscopy for three-dimensional label-free subdiffraction imaging,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 112(1), 014302 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. Danielli, K. Maslov, A. Garcia-Uribe, A. M. Winkler, C. Li, L. Wang, Y. Chen, G. W. Dorn, and L. V. Wang, “Label-free photoacoustic nanoscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 19(8), 086006 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Wang, L. V.

A. Danielli, K. Maslov, A. Garcia-Uribe, A. M. Winkler, C. Li, L. Wang, Y. Chen, G. W. Dorn, and L. V. Wang, “Label-free photoacoustic nanoscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 19(8), 086006 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Yao, L. Wang, C. Li, C. Zhang, and L. V. Wang, “Photoimprint photoacoustic microscopy for three-dimensional label-free subdiffraction imaging,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 112(1), 014302 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Wang, P.

P. Wang, M. N. Slipchenko, J. Mitchell, C. Yang, E. O. Potma, X. Xu, and J. X. Cheng, “Far-field imaging of non-fluorescent species with sub-diffraction resolution,” Nat. Photonics 7(6), 449–453 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Weiss, S.

T. Dertinger, R. Colyer, G. Iyer, S. Weiss, and J. Enderlein, “Fast, background-free, 3D super-resolution optical fluctuation imaging (SOFI),” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106(52), 22287–22292 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Winkler, A. M.

A. Danielli, K. Maslov, A. Garcia-Uribe, A. M. Winkler, C. Li, L. Wang, Y. Chen, G. W. Dorn, and L. V. Wang, “Label-free photoacoustic nanoscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 19(8), 086006 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Xu, X.

P. Wang, M. N. Slipchenko, J. Mitchell, C. Yang, E. O. Potma, X. Xu, and J. X. Cheng, “Far-field imaging of non-fluorescent species with sub-diffraction resolution,” Nat. Photonics 7(6), 449–453 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Yamanaka, M.

K. Fujita, M. Kobayashi, S. Kawano, M. Yamanaka, and S. Kawata, “High-resolution confocal microscopy by saturated excitation of fluorescence,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 99(22), 228105 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Yang, C.

P. Wang, M. N. Slipchenko, J. Mitchell, C. Yang, E. O. Potma, X. Xu, and J. X. Cheng, “Far-field imaging of non-fluorescent species with sub-diffraction resolution,” Nat. Photonics 7(6), 449–453 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Yao, J.

J. Yao, L. Wang, C. Li, C. Zhang, and L. V. Wang, “Photoimprint photoacoustic microscopy for three-dimensional label-free subdiffraction imaging,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 112(1), 014302 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Yavneh, I.

A. Szameit, Y. Shechtman, E. Osherovich, E. Bullkich, P. Sidorenko, H. Dana, S. Steiner, E. B. Kley, S. Gazit, T. Cohen-Hyams, S. Shoham, M. Zibulevsky, I. Yavneh, Y. C. Eldar, O. Cohen, and M. Segev, “Sparsity-based single-shot subwavelength coherent diffractive imaging,” Nat. Mater. 11(5), 455–459 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Zhang, C.

J. Yao, L. Wang, C. Li, C. Zhang, and L. V. Wang, “Photoimprint photoacoustic microscopy for three-dimensional label-free subdiffraction imaging,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 112(1), 014302 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Zharov, V. P.

D. A. Nedosekin, E. I. Galanzha, E. Dervishi, A. S. Biris, and V. P. Zharov, “Super-resolution nonlinear photothermal microscopy,” Small 10(1), 135–142 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Zhuang, X.

M. J. Rust, M. Bates, and X. Zhuang, “Sub-diffraction-limit imaging by stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM),” Nat. Methods 3(10), 793–796 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Zibulevsky, M.

A. Szameit, Y. Shechtman, E. Osherovich, E. Bullkich, P. Sidorenko, H. Dana, S. Steiner, E. B. Kley, S. Gazit, T. Cohen-Hyams, S. Shoham, M. Zibulevsky, I. Yavneh, Y. C. Eldar, O. Cohen, and M. Segev, “Sparsity-based single-shot subwavelength coherent diffractive imaging,” Nat. Mater. 11(5), 455–459 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Biopolymers (1)

R. Henriques, C. Griffiths, E. Hesper Rego, and M. M. Mhlanga, “PALM and STORM: unlocking live-cell super-resolution,” Biopolymers 95(5), 322–331 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Biomed. Opt. (1)

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Figures (5)

Fig. 1
Fig. 1 Diagram of the optical setup.

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Fig. 2
Fig. 2 Super resolution Photo-modulated reflectivity using single color vs two color. The sample consists of Au double lines, 125 nm wide, with gaps of 370, 270 and 180 nm, respectively. a - line imaging of probe reflection (red) and pump reflection (purple) b - Two color Photo-modulated reflectivity line imaging using first (blue), and second (black) harmonics. c - Single color photo-modulated reflectivity using first (orange), and second (black) harmonics. Note the resolution enhancement (95 ± 5 nm) at 2ω1 in both two and single color modalities.

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3 NPMR & SPOM, simulation vs experiment. a- Simulation of line scan using different imaging modalities. First modulation harmonic (Turquoise), Second harmonic (Blue), Second derivative (Black), and second derivative with second harmonic (Red).The Green curve depicts the second derivative with second harmonic using a probe at 400nm for improved resolution. b- Experimental results. Two color Line scans of silicon on sapphire samples using the various modalities.

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Fig. 4
Fig. 4 Enhanced cross sectioning of NPMR. a- SOS double line map in the X-Z plane using two color PM reflectance demodulated at the first harmonic of modulation, ω1. X direction steps are 50nm and z direction steps are 100nm. b- Scan using two colors and demodulated at 2ω1. c- Scan of Au on Sapphire sample using single color and demodulated at 2ω1. d- Scan using spatial modulation demodulated at 2ω1 + 2ω2. e- Normalized cross sections of the a-d scans in the z plane. Resolution enhancement can be observed in the second harmonics and in particular in the spatial modulation.

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Fig. 5
Fig. 5 Time-resolved change of reflectance of silicon on sapphire. Black- first harmonic of modulation. Blue- second harmonic of modulation. Note the fast decay of the 2nd harmonic component vs the 1st harmonic. Green- lock-in amplifier phase of the 2nd harmonic. Note the phase jump at 3ps.

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Equations (1)

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ΔR= ∫ t=0 T p I pump ( t )*( I pump ( t )⊗ R material ( t−τ ))dt

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