Photon number squeezing in repeated parametric downconversion with ancillary photon-number measurements

Boris L. Glebov; Jingyun Fan; A. Migdall

doi:10.1364/OE.22.020358

Photon number squeezing in repeated parametric downconversion with ancillary photon-number measurements

Boris L. Glebov, Jingyun Fan, and A. Migdall

Optics Express
Vol. 22,
Issue 17,
pp. 20358-20365
(2014)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.22.020358

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Boris L. Glebov, Jingyun Fan, and A. Migdall, "Photon number squeezing in repeated parametric downconversion with ancillary photon-number measurements," Opt. Express 22, 20358-20365 (2014)

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Related Topics
Table of Contents Category
- Quantum Optics
Optics & Photonics Topics
?

The topics in this list come from the OSA Optics and Photonics Topics applied to this article.
Previously assigned OCIS codes
- Quantum optics (270.0270)
- Multiphoton processes (270.4180)
- Squeezed states (270.6570)

About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: March 28, 2014
- Revised Manuscript: May 29, 2014
- Manuscript Accepted: June 2, 2014
- Published: August 15, 2014

Accessible

Open Access

Abstract

We present a realistic numerical simulation of a source of number-squeezed photon states employing a cavity-based parametric downconversion (PDC) process. A cavity containing the PDC medium is pumped repeatedly. The cavity recycles only one of the PDC output modes, allowing it to be amplified with each subsequent pump pulse. A photon number resolved (PNR) measurement is made on the other PDC output mode following each pump pulse. Once the PNR measurements indicate that the target number of photons has accumulated in the cavity, the pumping is stopped and the resulting photon state is released. The photon number uncertainty in the resulting state is ~3 dB below that of a mean-equivalent coherent state and furthermore the probability of generating the target photon number is similarly increased.

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References

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|
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Publication

C. M. Caves, “Quantum-mechanical noise in an interferometer,” Phys. Rev. D Part. Fields 23(8), 1693–1708 (1981).
[Crossref]
V. Giovannetti, S. Lloyd, and L. Maccone, “Quantum metrology,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 96(1), 010401 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]
T. Nagata, R. Okamoto, J. L. O’brien, K. Sasaki, and S. Takeuchi, “Beating the standard quantum limit with four-entangled photons,” Science 316(5825), 726–729 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]
A. N. Boto, P. Kok, D. S. Abrams, S. L. Braunstein, C. P. Williams, and J. P. Dowling, “Quantum interferometric optical lithography: Exploiting entanglement to beat the diffraction limit,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 85(13), 2733–2736 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]
P. Kok, A. N. Boto, D. S. Abrams, C. P. Williams, S. L. Braunstein, and J. P. Dowling, “Quantum-interferometric optical lithography: toward arbitrary two-dimensional patterns,” Phys. Rev. A 63(6), 063407 (2001).
[Crossref]
M. D’Angelo, M. V. Chekhova, and Y. Shih, “Two-photon diffraction and quantum lithography,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 87(1), 013602 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]
A. Kuzmich and L. Mandel, “Sub-shot-noise interferometric measurements with two-photon states,” Quantum Semiclass. Opt. B 10(3), 493–500 (1998).
[Crossref]
I. Afek, O. Ambar, and Y. Silberberg, “High-NOON states by mixing quantum and classical light,” Science 328(5980), 879–881 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]
L. K. Shalm, R. B. A. Adamson, and A. M. Steinberg, “Squeezing and over-squeezing of triphotons,” Nature 457(7225), 67–70 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]
K. J. Resch, K. L. Pregnell, R. Prevedel, A. Gilchrist, G. J. Pryde, J. L. O’Brien, and A. G. White, “Time-reversal and super-resolving phase measurements,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 98(22), 223601 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]
B. G. Christensen, K. T. McCusker, J. B. Altepeter, B. Calkins, T. Gerrits, A. E. Lita, A. Miller, L. K. Shalm, Y. Zhang, S. W. Nam, N. Brunner, C. C. W. Lim, N. Gisin, and P. G. Kwiat, “Detection-loophole-free test of quantum nonlocality, and applications,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 111(13), 130406 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]
M. Giustina, A. Mech, S. Ramelow, B. Wittmann, J. Kofler, J. Beyer, A. E. Lita, B. Calkins, T. Gerrits, S. W. Nam, R. Ursin, and A. Zeilinger, “Bell violation using entangled photons without the fair-sampling assumption,” Nature 497(7448), 227–230 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]
M. Da Cunha Pereira, F. E. Becerra, B. L. Glebov, J. Fan, S. W. Nam, and A. Migdall, “Demonstrating highly symmetric single-mode, single-photon heralding efficiency in spontaneous parametric downconversion,” Opt. Lett. 38(10), 1609–1611 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]
A. E. Lita, A. J. Miller, and S. W. Nam, “Counting near-infrared single-photons with 95% efficiency,” Opt. Express 16(5), 3032–3040 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]
F. Marsili, V. B. Verma, J. A. Stern, S. Harrington, A. E. Lita, T. Gerrits, I. Vayshenker, B. Baek, M. D. Shaw, R. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “Detecting single infrared photons with 93% system efficiency,” arXiv.org 1209.5774, 1–16 (2012).
Q. Zhao, A. McCaughan, F. Bellei, F. Najafi, D. De Fazio, A. Dane, Y. Ivry, and K. K. Berggren, “Superconducting –nanowire single-photon-detector linear array,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 103(14), 142602 (2013).
[Crossref]
P. G. Kwiat, K. Mattle, H. Weinfurter, A. Zeilinger, A. V. Sergienko, and Y. Shih, “New high-intensity source of polarization-entangled photon pairs,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 75(24), 4337–4341 (1995).
[Crossref] [PubMed]
P. J. Thomas, M. H. Dunn, D. J. M. Stothard, D. A. Walsh, and C. J. Chunnilall, “A pump enhanced source of telecom-band correlated photon pairs,” J. Mod. Opt. 58(8), 631–639 (2011).
[Crossref]
L. Mandel and E. Wolf, Optical Coherence and Quantum Optics (Cambridge, Cambridge University, 1995).
P. G. Evans, R. S. Bennink, W. P. Grice, T. S. Humble, and J. Schaake, “Bright source of spectrally uncorrelated polarization-entangled photons with nearly single-mode emission,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 105(25), 253601 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]
K. T. McCusker and P. G. Kwiat, “Efficient optical quantum state engineering,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 103(16), 163602 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]
H. Zhang, X. Jin, J. Yang, H. Dai, S. Yang, T. Zhao, J. Rui, Y. He, X. Jiang, F. Yang, G. Pan, Z. Yuan, Y. Deng, Z. Chen, X. Bao, S. Chen, B. Zhao, and J. Pan, “Preparation and storage of frequency-uncorrelated entangled photons from cavity-enhanced spontaneous parametric downconversion,” Nat. Photon. 5(10), 628–632 (2011).
[Crossref]
X. S. Ma, S. Zotter, J. Kofler, T. Jennewein, and A. Zeilinger, “Experimental generation of single photons via active multiplexing,” Phys. Rev. A 83(4), 043814 (2011).
[Crossref]

2013 (4)

B. G. Christensen, K. T. McCusker, J. B. Altepeter, B. Calkins, T. Gerrits, A. E. Lita, A. Miller, L. K. Shalm, Y. Zhang, S. W. Nam, N. Brunner, C. C. W. Lim, N. Gisin, and P. G. Kwiat, “Detection-loophole-free test of quantum nonlocality, and applications,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 111(13), 130406 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Giustina, A. Mech, S. Ramelow, B. Wittmann, J. Kofler, J. Beyer, A. E. Lita, B. Calkins, T. Gerrits, S. W. Nam, R. Ursin, and A. Zeilinger, “Bell violation using entangled photons without the fair-sampling assumption,” Nature 497(7448), 227–230 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Q. Zhao, A. McCaughan, F. Bellei, F. Najafi, D. De Fazio, A. Dane, Y. Ivry, and K. K. Berggren, “Superconducting –nanowire single-photon-detector linear array,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 103(14), 142602 (2013).
[Crossref]

M. Da Cunha Pereira, F. E. Becerra, B. L. Glebov, J. Fan, S. W. Nam, and A. Migdall, “Demonstrating highly symmetric single-mode, single-photon heralding efficiency in spontaneous parametric downconversion,” Opt. Lett. 38(10), 1609–1611 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2011 (3)

P. J. Thomas, M. H. Dunn, D. J. M. Stothard, D. A. Walsh, and C. J. Chunnilall, “A pump enhanced source of telecom-band correlated photon pairs,” J. Mod. Opt. 58(8), 631–639 (2011).
[Crossref]

H. Zhang, X. Jin, J. Yang, H. Dai, S. Yang, T. Zhao, J. Rui, Y. He, X. Jiang, F. Yang, G. Pan, Z. Yuan, Y. Deng, Z. Chen, X. Bao, S. Chen, B. Zhao, and J. Pan, “Preparation and storage of frequency-uncorrelated entangled photons from cavity-enhanced spontaneous parametric downconversion,” Nat. Photon. 5(10), 628–632 (2011).
[Crossref]

X. S. Ma, S. Zotter, J. Kofler, T. Jennewein, and A. Zeilinger, “Experimental generation of single photons via active multiplexing,” Phys. Rev. A 83(4), 043814 (2011).
[Crossref]

2010 (2)

P. G. Evans, R. S. Bennink, W. P. Grice, T. S. Humble, and J. Schaake, “Bright source of spectrally uncorrelated polarization-entangled photons with nearly single-mode emission,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 105(25), 253601 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

I. Afek, O. Ambar, and Y. Silberberg, “High-NOON states by mixing quantum and classical light,” Science 328(5980), 879–881 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2009 (2)

L. K. Shalm, R. B. A. Adamson, and A. M. Steinberg, “Squeezing and over-squeezing of triphotons,” Nature 457(7225), 67–70 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

K. T. McCusker and P. G. Kwiat, “Efficient optical quantum state engineering,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 103(16), 163602 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2008 (1)

A. E. Lita, A. J. Miller, and S. W. Nam, “Counting near-infrared single-photons with 95% efficiency,” Opt. Express 16(5), 3032–3040 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2007 (2)

K. J. Resch, K. L. Pregnell, R. Prevedel, A. Gilchrist, G. J. Pryde, J. L. O’Brien, and A. G. White, “Time-reversal and super-resolving phase measurements,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 98(22), 223601 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Nagata, R. Okamoto, J. L. O’brien, K. Sasaki, and S. Takeuchi, “Beating the standard quantum limit with four-entangled photons,” Science 316(5825), 726–729 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2006 (1)

V. Giovannetti, S. Lloyd, and L. Maccone, “Quantum metrology,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 96(1), 010401 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2001 (2)

P. Kok, A. N. Boto, D. S. Abrams, C. P. Williams, S. L. Braunstein, and J. P. Dowling, “Quantum-interferometric optical lithography: toward arbitrary two-dimensional patterns,” Phys. Rev. A 63(6), 063407 (2001).
[Crossref]

M. D’Angelo, M. V. Chekhova, and Y. Shih, “Two-photon diffraction and quantum lithography,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 87(1), 013602 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2000 (1)

A. N. Boto, P. Kok, D. S. Abrams, S. L. Braunstein, C. P. Williams, and J. P. Dowling, “Quantum interferometric optical lithography: Exploiting entanglement to beat the diffraction limit,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 85(13), 2733–2736 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

1998 (1)

A. Kuzmich and L. Mandel, “Sub-shot-noise interferometric measurements with two-photon states,” Quantum Semiclass. Opt. B 10(3), 493–500 (1998).
[Crossref]

1995 (1)

P. G. Kwiat, K. Mattle, H. Weinfurter, A. Zeilinger, A. V. Sergienko, and Y. Shih, “New high-intensity source of polarization-entangled photon pairs,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 75(24), 4337–4341 (1995).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

1981 (1)

C. M. Caves, “Quantum-mechanical noise in an interferometer,” Phys. Rev. D Part. Fields 23(8), 1693–1708 (1981).
[Crossref]

Abrams, D. S.

Adamson, R. B. A.

L. K. Shalm, R. B. A. Adamson, and A. M. Steinberg, “Squeezing and over-squeezing of triphotons,” Nature 457(7225), 67–70 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Afek, I.

I. Afek, O. Ambar, and Y. Silberberg, “High-NOON states by mixing quantum and classical light,” Science 328(5980), 879–881 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Altepeter, J. B.

Ambar, O.

I. Afek, O. Ambar, and Y. Silberberg, “High-NOON states by mixing quantum and classical light,” Science 328(5980), 879–881 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Bao, X.

Becerra, F. E.

Bellei, F.

Bennink, R. S.

Berggren, K. K.

Beyer, J.

Boto, A. N.

Braunstein, S. L.

Brunner, N.

Calkins, B.

Caves, C. M.

C. M. Caves, “Quantum-mechanical noise in an interferometer,” Phys. Rev. D Part. Fields 23(8), 1693–1708 (1981).
[Crossref]

Chekhova, M. V.

M. D’Angelo, M. V. Chekhova, and Y. Shih, “Two-photon diffraction and quantum lithography,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 87(1), 013602 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Chen, S.

Chen, Z.

Christensen, B. G.

Chunnilall, C. J.

P. J. Thomas, M. H. Dunn, D. J. M. Stothard, D. A. Walsh, and C. J. Chunnilall, “A pump enhanced source of telecom-band correlated photon pairs,” J. Mod. Opt. 58(8), 631–639 (2011).
[Crossref]

D’Angelo, M.

M. D’Angelo, M. V. Chekhova, and Y. Shih, “Two-photon diffraction and quantum lithography,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 87(1), 013602 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Da Cunha Pereira, M.

Dai, H.

Dane, A.

De Fazio, D.

Deng, Y.

Dowling, J. P.

Dunn, M. H.

P. J. Thomas, M. H. Dunn, D. J. M. Stothard, D. A. Walsh, and C. J. Chunnilall, “A pump enhanced source of telecom-band correlated photon pairs,” J. Mod. Opt. 58(8), 631–639 (2011).
[Crossref]

Evans, P. G.

Fan, J.

Gerrits, T.

Gilchrist, A.

Giovannetti, V.

V. Giovannetti, S. Lloyd, and L. Maccone, “Quantum metrology,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 96(1), 010401 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Gisin, N.

Giustina, M.

Glebov, B. L.

Grice, W. P.

He, Y.

Humble, T. S.

Ivry, Y.

Jennewein, T.

X. S. Ma, S. Zotter, J. Kofler, T. Jennewein, and A. Zeilinger, “Experimental generation of single photons via active multiplexing,” Phys. Rev. A 83(4), 043814 (2011).
[Crossref]

Jiang, X.

Jin, X.

Kofler, J.

X. S. Ma, S. Zotter, J. Kofler, T. Jennewein, and A. Zeilinger, “Experimental generation of single photons via active multiplexing,” Phys. Rev. A 83(4), 043814 (2011).
[Crossref]

Kok, P.

Kuzmich, A.

A. Kuzmich and L. Mandel, “Sub-shot-noise interferometric measurements with two-photon states,” Quantum Semiclass. Opt. B 10(3), 493–500 (1998).
[Crossref]

Kwiat, P. G.

K. T. McCusker and P. G. Kwiat, “Efficient optical quantum state engineering,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 103(16), 163602 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Lim, C. C. W.

Lita, A. E.

A. E. Lita, A. J. Miller, and S. W. Nam, “Counting near-infrared single-photons with 95% efficiency,” Opt. Express 16(5), 3032–3040 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Lloyd, S.

V. Giovannetti, S. Lloyd, and L. Maccone, “Quantum metrology,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 96(1), 010401 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Ma, X. S.

X. S. Ma, S. Zotter, J. Kofler, T. Jennewein, and A. Zeilinger, “Experimental generation of single photons via active multiplexing,” Phys. Rev. A 83(4), 043814 (2011).
[Crossref]

Maccone, L.

V. Giovannetti, S. Lloyd, and L. Maccone, “Quantum metrology,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 96(1), 010401 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Mandel, L.

A. Kuzmich and L. Mandel, “Sub-shot-noise interferometric measurements with two-photon states,” Quantum Semiclass. Opt. B 10(3), 493–500 (1998).
[Crossref]

Mattle, K.

McCaughan, A.

McCusker, K. T.

K. T. McCusker and P. G. Kwiat, “Efficient optical quantum state engineering,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 103(16), 163602 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Mech, A.

Migdall, A.

Miller, A.

Miller, A. J.

A. E. Lita, A. J. Miller, and S. W. Nam, “Counting near-infrared single-photons with 95% efficiency,” Opt. Express 16(5), 3032–3040 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Nagata, T.

T. Nagata, R. Okamoto, J. L. O’brien, K. Sasaki, and S. Takeuchi, “Beating the standard quantum limit with four-entangled photons,” Science 316(5825), 726–729 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Najafi, F.

Nam, S. W.

A. E. Lita, A. J. Miller, and S. W. Nam, “Counting near-infrared single-photons with 95% efficiency,” Opt. Express 16(5), 3032–3040 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

O’Brien, J. L.

T. Nagata, R. Okamoto, J. L. O’brien, K. Sasaki, and S. Takeuchi, “Beating the standard quantum limit with four-entangled photons,” Science 316(5825), 726–729 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Okamoto, R.

T. Nagata, R. Okamoto, J. L. O’brien, K. Sasaki, and S. Takeuchi, “Beating the standard quantum limit with four-entangled photons,” Science 316(5825), 726–729 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Pan, G.

Pan, J.

Pregnell, K. L.

Prevedel, R.

Pryde, G. J.

Ramelow, S.

Resch, K. J.

Rui, J.

Sasaki, K.

T. Nagata, R. Okamoto, J. L. O’brien, K. Sasaki, and S. Takeuchi, “Beating the standard quantum limit with four-entangled photons,” Science 316(5825), 726–729 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Schaake, J.

Sergienko, A. V.

Shalm, L. K.

L. K. Shalm, R. B. A. Adamson, and A. M. Steinberg, “Squeezing and over-squeezing of triphotons,” Nature 457(7225), 67–70 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Shih, Y.

M. D’Angelo, M. V. Chekhova, and Y. Shih, “Two-photon diffraction and quantum lithography,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 87(1), 013602 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Silberberg, Y.

I. Afek, O. Ambar, and Y. Silberberg, “High-NOON states by mixing quantum and classical light,” Science 328(5980), 879–881 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Steinberg, A. M.

L. K. Shalm, R. B. A. Adamson, and A. M. Steinberg, “Squeezing and over-squeezing of triphotons,” Nature 457(7225), 67–70 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Stothard, D. J. M.

P. J. Thomas, M. H. Dunn, D. J. M. Stothard, D. A. Walsh, and C. J. Chunnilall, “A pump enhanced source of telecom-band correlated photon pairs,” J. Mod. Opt. 58(8), 631–639 (2011).
[Crossref]

Takeuchi, S.

T. Nagata, R. Okamoto, J. L. O’brien, K. Sasaki, and S. Takeuchi, “Beating the standard quantum limit with four-entangled photons,” Science 316(5825), 726–729 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Thomas, P. J.

P. J. Thomas, M. H. Dunn, D. J. M. Stothard, D. A. Walsh, and C. J. Chunnilall, “A pump enhanced source of telecom-band correlated photon pairs,” J. Mod. Opt. 58(8), 631–639 (2011).
[Crossref]

Ursin, R.

Walsh, D. A.

P. J. Thomas, M. H. Dunn, D. J. M. Stothard, D. A. Walsh, and C. J. Chunnilall, “A pump enhanced source of telecom-band correlated photon pairs,” J. Mod. Opt. 58(8), 631–639 (2011).
[Crossref]

Weinfurter, H.

White, A. G.

Williams, C. P.

Wittmann, B.

Yang, F.

Yang, J.

Yang, S.

Yuan, Z.

Zeilinger, A.

X. S. Ma, S. Zotter, J. Kofler, T. Jennewein, and A. Zeilinger, “Experimental generation of single photons via active multiplexing,” Phys. Rev. A 83(4), 043814 (2011).
[Crossref]

Zhang, H.

Zhang, Y.

Zhao, B.

Zhao, Q.

Zhao, T.

Zotter, S.

X. S. Ma, S. Zotter, J. Kofler, T. Jennewein, and A. Zeilinger, “Experimental generation of single photons via active multiplexing,” Phys. Rev. A 83(4), 043814 (2011).
[Crossref]

Appl. Phys. Lett. (1)

J. Mod. Opt. (1)

P. J. Thomas, M. H. Dunn, D. J. M. Stothard, D. A. Walsh, and C. J. Chunnilall, “A pump enhanced source of telecom-band correlated photon pairs,” J. Mod. Opt. 58(8), 631–639 (2011).
[Crossref]

Nat. Photon. (1)

Nature (2)

L. K. Shalm, R. B. A. Adamson, and A. M. Steinberg, “Squeezing and over-squeezing of triphotons,” Nature 457(7225), 67–70 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Opt. Express (1)

A. E. Lita, A. J. Miller, and S. W. Nam, “Counting near-infrared single-photons with 95% efficiency,” Opt. Express 16(5), 3032–3040 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Opt. Lett. (1)

Phys. Rev. A (2)

X. S. Ma, S. Zotter, J. Kofler, T. Jennewein, and A. Zeilinger, “Experimental generation of single photons via active multiplexing,” Phys. Rev. A 83(4), 043814 (2011).
[Crossref]

Phys. Rev. D Part. Fields (1)

C. M. Caves, “Quantum-mechanical noise in an interferometer,” Phys. Rev. D Part. Fields 23(8), 1693–1708 (1981).
[Crossref]

Phys. Rev. Lett. (8)

V. Giovannetti, S. Lloyd, and L. Maccone, “Quantum metrology,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 96(1), 010401 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. D’Angelo, M. V. Chekhova, and Y. Shih, “Two-photon diffraction and quantum lithography,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 87(1), 013602 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

K. T. McCusker and P. G. Kwiat, “Efficient optical quantum state engineering,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 103(16), 163602 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Quantum Semiclass. Opt. B (1)

A. Kuzmich and L. Mandel, “Sub-shot-noise interferometric measurements with two-photon states,” Quantum Semiclass. Opt. B 10(3), 493–500 (1998).
[Crossref]

Science (2)

I. Afek, O. Ambar, and Y. Silberberg, “High-NOON states by mixing quantum and classical light,” Science 328(5980), 879–881 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Nagata, R. Okamoto, J. L. O’brien, K. Sasaki, and S. Takeuchi, “Beating the standard quantum limit with four-entangled photons,” Science 316(5825), 726–729 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Other (2)

L. Mandel and E. Wolf, Optical Coherence and Quantum Optics (Cambridge, Cambridge University, 1995).

F. Marsili, V. B. Verma, J. A. Stern, S. Harrington, A. E. Lita, T. Gerrits, I. Vayshenker, B. Baek, M. D. Shaw, R. Mirin, and S. W. Nam, “Detecting single infrared photons with 93% system efficiency,” arXiv.org 1209.5774, 1–16 (2012).

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Fig. 1 Schematic of the proposed device. Mode

\hat{a}

is the storage and accumulation mode. Mode

\hat{b}

is the ancillary monitoring mode. The EOM-PBS in the pump path allows pump pulses to enter the cavity and modulates their power. The intra-cavity EOM-PBS releases the stored state upon reaching the goal number.

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Fig. 2 Statistical properties of a state produced by seeding a PDC process of gain χ with a Fock state containing N₀ photons. (a) Expected number of new photons measured after a single pump cycle. (b) Standard deviation of the new photon numbers measured after a single pump cycle. (c) Expected number of pump cycles to have the first non-vacuum detection in mode

\hat{b}

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Fig. 3 Performance of the proposed scheme for a high-performance system (solid symbols), and a medium-performance system (open symbols). Fixed gain results (blue circles), and adaptive gain using genetic algorithm optimization (red squares). Shown for comparison: mean-equivalent Poisson distribution (black) and thermal distributions – mean-equivalent (solid grey) and power-equivalent (dashed grey). <cycles> is the expected number of pump cycles until N_goal is measured on the output using a perfect PNRD.

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Fig. 4 Probability distribution produced by the proposed device. N_goal = 4, (a) high-performance and (c) medium-performance, and N_goal = 12, (b) high-performance and (d) medium-performance. Fixed-gain shown in blue and adaptive-gain in red. Included for comparison are what is possible with single-pass sources: shown are mean-equivalent Poisson distributions (black), thermal mean-equivalent (solid grey) and thermal power-equivalent (grey dashed) distributions.

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Equations (3)

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ρ_{m} = {Tr}_{c} ⌊ {\hat{U}}_{a}^{+} {\hat{G}}_{a, b}^{+} {\hat{U}}_{a} {\hat{Π}}_{b}^{(m)} {\hat{U}}_{a}^{+} {\hat{G}}_{a, b}^{+} {\hat{U}}_{a} {| 0 〉}_{a, b} 〈 0 | ⌋ {| 0 〉}_{a} 〈 0 |

P_{b} (m) = {Tr}_{a} ⌊ {\hat{G}}_{a, b}^{+} {\hat{Π}}_{b}^{(m)} {\hat{G}}_{a, b} {| 0 〉}_{a, b} 〈 0 | ⌋

P (N_{new} \geq N_{goal} - N_{tot}) \leq P_{risk}