Abstract

A novel time domain multiplexed (TDM) spatial division multiplexing (SDM) receiver which allows for the reception of >1 dual polarization mode with a single coherent receiver, and corresponding 4-port oscilloscope, is experimentally demonstrated. Received by two coherent receivers and respective 4-port oscilloscopes, a 3 mode transmission of 28GBaud QPSK, 8, 16, and 32QAM over 41.7km of few-mode fiber demonstrates the performance of the TDM-SDM receiver with respect to back-to-back. In addition, by using carrier phase estimation employing one digital phase locked loop per output, the frequency offset between the transmitter laser and local oscillator is shown to perform similar to previous work which employs 3 coherent receivers and 4-port oscilloscopes which are dedicated to the reception of each the three modes.

© 2014 Optical Society of America

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    [Crossref]
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    [Crossref]
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    [Crossref]
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    [Crossref]
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    [Crossref]
  9. V. A. J. M. Sleiffer, Y. Jung, V. Veljanovski, R. G. H. van Uden, M. Kuschnerov, Q. Kang, L. Grüner-Nielsen, Y. Sun, D. J. Richardson, S. U. Alam, F. Poletti, J. K. Sahu, A. Dhar, H. Chen, B. Inan, A. M. J. Koonen, B. Corbett, R. Winfield, A. D. Ellis, and H. de Waardt, “73.7 Tb/s (96x3x256-Gb/s) mode-division-multiplexed DP-16QAM transmission with inline MM-EDFA,” Proc. European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC’12), paper Th.3.C.4–1 (2012).
    [Crossref]
  10. E. Ip, M.-J. Li, Y.-K. Huang, A. Tanaka, E. Mateo, W. Wood, J. Hu, Y. Yano, and K. Koreshkov, “ 146λ x 6 x 19-Gbaud Wavelength- and Mode-Division Multiplexed Transmission over 10x50-km Spans of Few-Mode Fiber with a Gain-Equalized Few-Mode EDFA,” Proc. Optical Fiber Communication Conference / National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference (OFC/NFOEC’13), paper PDPA.2 (2013).
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    [Crossref] [PubMed]
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    [Crossref]
  13. R. G. H. van Uden, C. M. Okonkwo, V. A. J. M. Sleiffer, H. de Waardt, and A. M. J. Koonen, “Performance Comparison of CSI Estimation Techniques for FMF Transmission Systems,” Proc. Photonics Society Summer Topical Meeting, paper WC4.2 (2013).
    [Crossref]
  14. R.-J. Essiambre, G. Kramer, P. J. Winzer, G. J. Foschini, B. Goebel, “Capacity Limits of Optical Fiber Networks,” J. Lightwave Technol. 28(4), 662–701 (2010).
    [Crossref]
  15. H. Chen, V. A. J. M. Sleiffer, R. G. H. van Uden, C. M. Okonkwo, M. Kuschnerov, L. Grüner-Nielsen, Y. Sun, H. de Waardt, and A. M. J. Koonen, “Mode-Multiplexed 6 × 32Gbaud 16QAM Transmission over a 120km Hybrid Few-Mode Fiber Span with 3-Spot Mode Couplers,” Proc. OptoElectronics and Communications Conference (OECC’13), paper PD3–6-1 (2013).
  16. L. Grüner-Nielsen, Y. Sun, J. W. Nicholson, D. Jakobsen, K. G. Jespersen, R. Lingle, B. Palsdottir, “Few Mode Transmission Fiber with Low DGD, Low Mode Coupling, and Low Loss,” J. Lightwave Technol. 30(23), 3693–3698 (2012).
    [Crossref]
  17. S. Savory, “Digital Coherent Optical Receivers: Algorithms and Subsystems,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 16(5), 1164–1179 (2010).
    [Crossref]
  18. R. A. Soriano, F. N. Hauske, G. Gonzalez, Z. Zhang, Y. Ye, I. T. Monroy, “Chromatic Dispersion Estimation in Digital Coherent Receivers,” J. Lightwave Technol. 29(11), 1627–1637 (2011).
    [Crossref]
  19. R. G. H. van Uden, C. M. Okonkwo, V. A. Sleiffer, H. de Waardt, A. M. J. Koonen, “MIMO equalization with adaptive step size for few-mode fiber transmission systems,” Opt. Express 22(1), 119–126 (2014).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  20. R. G. H. van Uden, C. M. Okonkwo, V. A. J. M. Sleiffer, M. Kuschnerov, H. de Waardt, A. M. J. Koonen, “Single DPLL Joint Carrier Phase Compensation for Few-Mode Fiber Transmission,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 25(14), 1381–1384 (2013).
    [Crossref]
  21. V. A. J. M. Sleiffer, Y. Jung, B. Inan, H. Chen, R. G. H. van Uden, M. Kuschnerov, D. van den Borne, S. L. Jansen, V. Veljanovski, A. M. J. Koonen, D. J. Richardson, S. Alam, F. Poletti, J. K. Sahu, A. Dhar, B. Corbett, R. Winfield, A. D. Ellis, and H. de Waardt, “Mode-division-multiplexed 3x112-Gb/s DP-QPSK transmission over 80-km few-mode fiber with inline MM-EDFA and Blind DSP,” Proc. European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC’12), paper Tu.1.C.2 (2012).
    [Crossref]

2014 (1)

2013 (1)

R. G. H. van Uden, C. M. Okonkwo, V. A. J. M. Sleiffer, M. Kuschnerov, H. de Waardt, A. M. J. Koonen, “Single DPLL Joint Carrier Phase Compensation for Few-Mode Fiber Transmission,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 25(14), 1381–1384 (2013).
[Crossref]

2012 (1)

2011 (3)

2010 (3)

R.-J. Essiambre, G. Kramer, P. J. Winzer, G. J. Foschini, B. Goebel, “Capacity Limits of Optical Fiber Networks,” J. Lightwave Technol. 28(4), 662–701 (2010).
[Crossref]

P. J. Winzer, “Beyond 100G Ethernet,” IEEE Commun. Mag. 48(7), 26–30 (2010).
[Crossref]

S. Savory, “Digital Coherent Optical Receivers: Algorithms and Subsystems,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 16(5), 1164–1179 (2010).
[Crossref]

Alam, S.-U.

Atkinson, G.

D. C. Kilper, G. Atkinson, S. K. Korotky, S. Goyal, P. Vetter, D. Suvakovic, O. Blume, “Power Trends in Communication Networks,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 17(2), 275–284 (2011).
[Crossref]

Blume, O.

D. C. Kilper, G. Atkinson, S. K. Korotky, S. Goyal, P. Vetter, D. Suvakovic, O. Blume, “Power Trends in Communication Networks,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 17(2), 275–284 (2011).
[Crossref]

de Waardt, H.

R. G. H. van Uden, C. M. Okonkwo, V. A. Sleiffer, H. de Waardt, A. M. J. Koonen, “MIMO equalization with adaptive step size for few-mode fiber transmission systems,” Opt. Express 22(1), 119–126 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. G. H. van Uden, C. M. Okonkwo, V. A. J. M. Sleiffer, M. Kuschnerov, H. de Waardt, A. M. J. Koonen, “Single DPLL Joint Carrier Phase Compensation for Few-Mode Fiber Transmission,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 25(14), 1381–1384 (2013).
[Crossref]

Dhar, A.

Essiambre, R.-J.

Foschini, G. J.

Giles, D.

Giles, I. P.

Goebel, B.

Gonzalez, G.

Goyal, S.

D. C. Kilper, G. Atkinson, S. K. Korotky, S. Goyal, P. Vetter, D. Suvakovic, O. Blume, “Power Trends in Communication Networks,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 17(2), 275–284 (2011).
[Crossref]

Grüner-Nielsen, L.

Hauske, F. N.

Jakobsen, D.

Jespersen, K. G.

Jung, Y.

Kilper, D. C.

D. C. Kilper, G. Atkinson, S. K. Korotky, S. Goyal, P. Vetter, D. Suvakovic, O. Blume, “Power Trends in Communication Networks,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 17(2), 275–284 (2011).
[Crossref]

Koonen, A. M. J.

R. G. H. van Uden, C. M. Okonkwo, V. A. Sleiffer, H. de Waardt, A. M. J. Koonen, “MIMO equalization with adaptive step size for few-mode fiber transmission systems,” Opt. Express 22(1), 119–126 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. G. H. van Uden, C. M. Okonkwo, V. A. J. M. Sleiffer, M. Kuschnerov, H. de Waardt, A. M. J. Koonen, “Single DPLL Joint Carrier Phase Compensation for Few-Mode Fiber Transmission,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 25(14), 1381–1384 (2013).
[Crossref]

Korotky, S. K.

D. C. Kilper, G. Atkinson, S. K. Korotky, S. Goyal, P. Vetter, D. Suvakovic, O. Blume, “Power Trends in Communication Networks,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 17(2), 275–284 (2011).
[Crossref]

Kramer, G.

Kuschnerov, M.

R. G. H. van Uden, C. M. Okonkwo, V. A. J. M. Sleiffer, M. Kuschnerov, H. de Waardt, A. M. J. Koonen, “Single DPLL Joint Carrier Phase Compensation for Few-Mode Fiber Transmission,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 25(14), 1381–1384 (2013).
[Crossref]

Li, Z.

Lingle, R.

Monroy, I. T.

Nicholson, J. W.

Okonkwo, C. M.

R. G. H. van Uden, C. M. Okonkwo, V. A. Sleiffer, H. de Waardt, A. M. J. Koonen, “MIMO equalization with adaptive step size for few-mode fiber transmission systems,” Opt. Express 22(1), 119–126 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. G. H. van Uden, C. M. Okonkwo, V. A. J. M. Sleiffer, M. Kuschnerov, H. de Waardt, A. M. J. Koonen, “Single DPLL Joint Carrier Phase Compensation for Few-Mode Fiber Transmission,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 25(14), 1381–1384 (2013).
[Crossref]

Palsdottir, B.

Poletti, F.

Richardson, D. J.

Sahu, J. K.

Savory, S.

S. Savory, “Digital Coherent Optical Receivers: Algorithms and Subsystems,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 16(5), 1164–1179 (2010).
[Crossref]

Sleiffer, V. A.

Sleiffer, V. A. J. M.

R. G. H. van Uden, C. M. Okonkwo, V. A. J. M. Sleiffer, M. Kuschnerov, H. de Waardt, A. M. J. Koonen, “Single DPLL Joint Carrier Phase Compensation for Few-Mode Fiber Transmission,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 25(14), 1381–1384 (2013).
[Crossref]

Soriano, R. A.

Sun, Y.

Suvakovic, D.

D. C. Kilper, G. Atkinson, S. K. Korotky, S. Goyal, P. Vetter, D. Suvakovic, O. Blume, “Power Trends in Communication Networks,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 17(2), 275–284 (2011).
[Crossref]

van Uden, R. G. H.

R. G. H. van Uden, C. M. Okonkwo, V. A. Sleiffer, H. de Waardt, A. M. J. Koonen, “MIMO equalization with adaptive step size for few-mode fiber transmission systems,” Opt. Express 22(1), 119–126 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. G. H. van Uden, C. M. Okonkwo, V. A. J. M. Sleiffer, M. Kuschnerov, H. de Waardt, A. M. J. Koonen, “Single DPLL Joint Carrier Phase Compensation for Few-Mode Fiber Transmission,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 25(14), 1381–1384 (2013).
[Crossref]

Vetter, P.

D. C. Kilper, G. Atkinson, S. K. Korotky, S. Goyal, P. Vetter, D. Suvakovic, O. Blume, “Power Trends in Communication Networks,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 17(2), 275–284 (2011).
[Crossref]

Winzer, P. J.

Ye, Y.

Zhang, Z.

IEEE Commun. Mag. (1)

P. J. Winzer, “Beyond 100G Ethernet,” IEEE Commun. Mag. 48(7), 26–30 (2010).
[Crossref]

IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. (2)

S. Savory, “Digital Coherent Optical Receivers: Algorithms and Subsystems,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 16(5), 1164–1179 (2010).
[Crossref]

D. C. Kilper, G. Atkinson, S. K. Korotky, S. Goyal, P. Vetter, D. Suvakovic, O. Blume, “Power Trends in Communication Networks,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 17(2), 275–284 (2011).
[Crossref]

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. (1)

R. G. H. van Uden, C. M. Okonkwo, V. A. J. M. Sleiffer, M. Kuschnerov, H. de Waardt, A. M. J. Koonen, “Single DPLL Joint Carrier Phase Compensation for Few-Mode Fiber Transmission,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 25(14), 1381–1384 (2013).
[Crossref]

J. Lightwave Technol. (3)

Opt. Express (2)

Other (12)

V. A. J. M. Sleiffer, Y. Jung, B. Inan, H. Chen, R. G. H. van Uden, M. Kuschnerov, D. van den Borne, S. L. Jansen, V. Veljanovski, A. M. J. Koonen, D. J. Richardson, S. Alam, F. Poletti, J. K. Sahu, A. Dhar, B. Corbett, R. Winfield, A. D. Ellis, and H. de Waardt, “Mode-division-multiplexed 3x112-Gb/s DP-QPSK transmission over 80-km few-mode fiber with inline MM-EDFA and Blind DSP,” Proc. European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC’12), paper Tu.1.C.2 (2012).
[Crossref]

R. Lingle, Jr., “Capacity Constraints, Carrier Economics, and the Limits of Fiber and Cable Design,“ Proc. Optical Fiber Communication Conference / National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference (OFC/NFOEC’13), paper OM2F.1 (2013).
[Crossref]

C. P. Tsekrekos, A. Martinez, F. M. Huijskens, and A. M. J. Koonen, “Mode Group Diversity Multiplexing Transceiver Design for Graded-Index Multi-mode Fibres,” Proc. European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC’05), paper We4.P.113 (2005).

P. J. Winzer, “Challenges and Evolution of Optical Transport Networks,” Proc. European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC’10), paper We.8.D.1 (2010).
[Crossref]

K. Mukasa, K. Imamura, Y. Tsuchida, and R. Sugizaki, “Multi-core fibers for large capacity SDM,” Proc. Optical Fiber Communication Conference / National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference (OFC/NFOEC’11), paper OWJ1 (2011).
[Crossref]

R. Ryf, S. Randel, A. H. Gnauck, C. Bolle, R.-J. Essiambre, P. J. Winzer, D. W. Peckham, A. McCurdy, and R. Lingle, Jr., “Space-division multiplexing over 10 km of three-mode fiber using coherent 6 × 6 MIMO processing,” Proc. Optical Fiber Communication Conference / National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference (OFC/NFOEC’11), paper PDPB10 (2011).
[Crossref]

R. Ryf, N. K. Fontaine, M. A. Mestre, S. Randel, X. Palou, C. Bolle, A. H. Gnauck, S. Chandrasekhar, X. Liu, B. Guan, R.-J. Essiambre, P. J. Winzer, S. Leon-Saval, J. Bland-Hawthorn, R. Delbue, P. Pupalaikis, A. Sureka, Y. Sun, L. Grüner-Nielsen, R. V. Jensen, and R. Lingle Jr., “12 x 12 MIMO Transmission over 130-km Few-Mode Fiber,” Proc. Frontiers in Optics, paper FW6C.4 (2012).
[Crossref]

V. A. J. M. Sleiffer, Y. Jung, V. Veljanovski, R. G. H. van Uden, M. Kuschnerov, Q. Kang, L. Grüner-Nielsen, Y. Sun, D. J. Richardson, S. U. Alam, F. Poletti, J. K. Sahu, A. Dhar, H. Chen, B. Inan, A. M. J. Koonen, B. Corbett, R. Winfield, A. D. Ellis, and H. de Waardt, “73.7 Tb/s (96x3x256-Gb/s) mode-division-multiplexed DP-16QAM transmission with inline MM-EDFA,” Proc. European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC’12), paper Th.3.C.4–1 (2012).
[Crossref]

E. Ip, M.-J. Li, Y.-K. Huang, A. Tanaka, E. Mateo, W. Wood, J. Hu, Y. Yano, and K. Koreshkov, “ 146λ x 6 x 19-Gbaud Wavelength- and Mode-Division Multiplexed Transmission over 10x50-km Spans of Few-Mode Fiber with a Gain-Equalized Few-Mode EDFA,” Proc. Optical Fiber Communication Conference / National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference (OFC/NFOEC’13), paper PDPA.2 (2013).

R. Ryf, N. K. Fontaine, J. Dunayevsky, D. Sinefeld, M. Blau, M. Montoliu, S. Randel, C. Liu, B. Ercan, M. Esmaeelpour, S. Chandrasekhar, A. H. Gnauck, S. G. Leon-Saval, J. Bland-Hawthorn, J. R. Salazar-Gil, Y. Sun, L. Grüner-Nielsen, R. Lingle, Jr., and D. M. Marom, “Wavelength-Selective Switch for Few-Mode Fiber Transmission,” Proc. European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC’13), paper PD1-C-4 (2013).
[Crossref]

R. G. H. van Uden, C. M. Okonkwo, V. A. J. M. Sleiffer, H. de Waardt, and A. M. J. Koonen, “Performance Comparison of CSI Estimation Techniques for FMF Transmission Systems,” Proc. Photonics Society Summer Topical Meeting, paper WC4.2 (2013).
[Crossref]

H. Chen, V. A. J. M. Sleiffer, R. G. H. van Uden, C. M. Okonkwo, M. Kuschnerov, L. Grüner-Nielsen, Y. Sun, H. de Waardt, and A. M. J. Koonen, “Mode-Multiplexed 6 × 32Gbaud 16QAM Transmission over a 120km Hybrid Few-Mode Fiber Span with 3-Spot Mode Couplers,” Proc. OptoElectronics and Communications Conference (OECC’13), paper PD3–6-1 (2013).

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Figures (6)

Fig. 1
Fig. 1 (a) Proposed TDM-SDM receiver setup. (b) The four time alignment steps comprising both the optical and digital domain. (c) The 40GS/s oscilloscope screen capture.

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Fig. 2
Fig. 2 Three mode few-mode fiber experimental setup.

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3 Bit allocation represented by decimal numbers for (a) QPSK, (c) 8, (e) 16, and (g) 32QAM, and transmitted sequence autocorrelation for (b) QPSK, (d) 8, (f) 16, and (h) 32QAM.

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Fig. 4
Fig. 4 (a) 3 facet mirror (b) aligning the DP single mode inputs (c) to the few mode fiber core.

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Fig. 5
Fig. 5 Experimental transmission results for 28GBaud BTB, 6 × 6 BTB, and 6 × 6 41.7 km transmission. (a) QPSK. (b) 8QAM. (c) 16QAM. (d) 32QAM.

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Fig. 6
Fig. 6 (a) DPLL phase output for 10.8µs. (b) DPLL phase output from 10.7µs to 10.8µs indicating that the two corresponding polarizations correlate, and a small difference is noticed between received LP modes.

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Tables (1)

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Table 1 Fiber properties at 1550nm wavelength.

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Equations (1)

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S POL = T SMF T S [symbols],

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