Partially scanned interferogram methodology applied to IASI for the retrieval of CO, CO2, CH4 and N2O

Giuseppe Grieco; Guido Masiello; Marco Matricardi; Carmine Serio

doi:10.1364/OE.21.024753

Partially scanned interferogram methodology applied to IASI for the retrieval of CO, CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O

Giuseppe Grieco, Guido Masiello, Marco Matricardi, and Carmine Serio

Optics Express
Vol. 21,
Issue 21,
pp. 24753-24769
(2013)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.21.024753

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Giuseppe Grieco, Guido Masiello, Marco Matricardi, and Carmine Serio, "Partially scanned interferogram methodology applied to IASI for the retrieval of CO, CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O," Opt. Express 21, 24753-24769 (2013)

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Related Topics
Table of Contents Category
- Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics
Optics & Photonics Topics
?

The topics in this list come from the OSA Optics and Photonics Topics applied to this article.
Previously assigned OCIS codes
- Atmospheric composition (010.1280)
- Radiative transfer (030.5620)
- Space instrumentation (120.6085)
- Passive remote sensing (280.4991)
- Spectroscopy, infrared (300.6340)

About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: July 5, 2013
- Revised Manuscript: October 2, 2013
- Manuscript Accepted: October 2, 2013
- Published: October 9, 2013

Accessible

Open Access

Abstract

The technique of partially scanned interferograms is applied to the retrieval of trace gases from Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) observations. For the specific case of CO, CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O, we show that this methodology allows us to retrieve trace gases column abundances at an unprecedented accuracy at the level of the single IASI footprint. The technique consists in transforming the IASI spectra back to the interferogram domain where we identify small regions that are mostly sensitive to single gas species. The retrieval is then performed by directly applying Least Squares estimation to these small segments of interferometric radiances. One of the main advantages of the technique is that it allows the efficient use of the information contained in all the IASI channels that are available in the absorption bands of a specific gas species. The retrieval technique has been applied to IASI radiances measured over the Mediterranean sea during the month of July 2010, one of the hottest months on record. Results have been validated against ground-based measurements. We have also carried out a comparison with Atmospheric Infrared Radiometer Sounder data and IASI retrievals obtained with usual variational approaches in the spectral domain.

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[Crossref]
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[Crossref]
P. Ricaud, J.-L. Attié, H. Teyssédre, L. El Amraoui, V.-H. Peuch, M. Matricardi, and P. Schluessel, “Equatorial total column of nitrous oxide as measured by IASI on MetOp-A: implications for transport processes,” Atmos. Chem. Phys. 9, 3947–3956 (2009), doi:.
[Crossref]
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[Crossref]
L. Clarisse, C. Clerbaux, F. Dentener, D. Hurtmans, and P.-F. Coheur, “Global ammonia distribution derived from infrared satellite observations,” Nature Geosci. 2, 479–483 (2009), doi:
[Crossref]
C. Clerbaux, A. Boynard, L. Clarisse, M. George, J. Hadji-Lazaro, H. Herbin, D. Hurtmans, M. Pommier, A. Razavi, S. Turquety, C. Wespes, and P.-F. Coheur, “Monitoring of atmospheric composition using the thermal infrared IASI/Metop sounder,” Atmos. Chem. Phys. 9, 6041–6054 (2009), doi:.
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[Crossref]
G. Grieco, G. Masiello, M. Matricardi, C. Serio, D. Summa, and V. Cuomo, “Demonstration and validation of the φ-IASI inversion scheme with NAST-I data,” Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 133(s3), 217–232 (2007), doi:.
[Crossref]
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[Crossref]
G. Masiello, M. Matricardi, R. Rizzi, and C. Serio, “Homomorphism between cloudy and clear spectral radiance in the 800–900-cm−1atmospheric window region,” Appl. Opt. 41(6), 965–973 (2002), doi:.
[Crossref] [PubMed]
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[Crossref] [PubMed]
G. Masiello and C. Serio, “Simultaneous physical retrieval of surface emissivity spectrum and atmospheric parameters from infrared atmospheric sounder interferometer spectral radiances,” Appl. Opt. 52(11), 2428–2446 (2013), doi:.
[Crossref] [PubMed]
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2013 (1)

G. Masiello and C. Serio, “Simultaneous physical retrieval of surface emissivity spectrum and atmospheric parameters from infrared atmospheric sounder interferometer spectral radiances,” Appl. Opt. 52(11), 2428–2446 (2013), doi:.
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2012 (4)

A. Klonecki, M. Pommier, C. Clerbaux, G. Ancellet, J.-P. Cammas, P.-F. Coheur, A. Cozic, G. S. Diskin, J. Hadji-Lazaro, D. A. Hauglustaine, D. Hurtmans, B. Khattatov, J.-F. Lamarque, K. S. Law, P. Nedelec, J.-D. Paris, J. R. Podolske, P. Prunet, H. Schlager, S. Szopa, and S. Turquety, “Assimilation of IASI satellite CO fields into a global chemistry transport model for validation against aircraft measurements,” Atmos. Chem. Phys. 12, 4493–4512 (2012), doi:.
[Crossref]

D. Hurtmans, P.-F. Coheur, C. Wespes, L. Clarisse, O. Scharf, C. Clerbaux, J. Hadji-Lazaro, M. George, and S. Turquety, “FORLI radiative transfer and retrieval code for IASI,” J. Quant. Spectroscop. Ra. 113(11), 1391–1408 (2012), doi:.
[Crossref]

T. Kerzenmacher, B. Dils, N. Kumps, T. Blumenstock, C. Clerbaux, P.-F. Coheur, P. Demoulin, O. Garcia, M. George, D. W. T. Griffith, F. Hase, J. Hadji-Lazaro, D. Hurtmans, N. Jones, E. Mahieu, J. Notholt, C. Paton-Walsh, U. Raffalski, T. Ridder, M. Schneider, C. Servais, and M. De Maziere, “Validation of IASI FORLI carbon monoxide retrievals using FTIR data from NDACC,” Atmos. Meas. Tech. 5, 2751–2761 (2012), doi:.
[Crossref]

F. Hilton, F., R. Armante, R., T. August, T., C. Barnet, A. Bouchard, C. Camy-Peyret, V. Capelle, L. Clarisse, C. Clerbaux, P.-F. Coheur, A. Collard, C. Crevoisier, G. Dufour, D. Edwards, F. Faijan, N. Fourrié, A. Gambacorta, M. Goldberg, V. Guidard, D. Hurtmans, S. Illingworth, N. Jacquinet-Husson, T. Kerzenmacher, G. Klaes, L. Lavanant, G. Masiello, M. Matricardi, A. McNally, S. Newman, E. Pavelin, S. Payan, E. Pequignot, S. Péyridieu, T. Phulpin, J. Remedios, P. Schlüssel, P., C. Serio, L. Strow, C. Stubenrauch, J. Taylor, D. Tobin, W. Wolf, and D. Zhou, “Hyperspectral Earth Observation from IASI: four years of accomplishments,” B. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 93, 347–370 (2012), .
[Crossref]

2011 (2)

G. Grieco, G. Masiello, C. Serio, R. L. Jones, and M. I. Mead, “Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer correlation interferometry for the retrieval of atmospheric gases: the case of H2O and CO2,” Appl. Opt. 50, 4516–4528 (2011), .
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. Wunch, P. O. Wennberg, G. C. Toon, B. J. Connor, B. Fisher, G. B. Osterman, C. Frankenberg, L. Mandrake, C. O’Dell, P. Ahonen, S. C. Biraud, R. Castano, N. Cressie, D. Crisp, N. M. Deutscher, A. Eldering, M. L. Fisher, D. W. T. Griffith, M. Gunson, P. Heikkinen, G. Keppel-Aleks, E. Kyro, R. Lindenmaier, R. Macatangay, J. Mendonca, J. Messerschmidt, C. E. Miller, I. Morino, J. Notholt, F. A. Oyafuso, M. Rettinger, J. Robinson, C. M. Roehl, R. J. Salawitch, V. Sherlock, K. Strong, R. Sussmann, T. Tanaka, D. R. Thompson, O. Uchino, T. Warneke, and S. C. Wofsy, “A method for evaluating bias in global measurements of CO2 total columns from space,” Atmos. Chem. Phys. 11, 12317–12337 (2011), doi:.
[Crossref]

2010 (1)

G. Grieco, M. Masiello, and C. Serio, “Interferometric vs spectral IASI radiances: Effective data-reduction approaches for the satellite sounding of atmospheric thermodynamical parameters,” Remote Sens. 2(10), 2323–2346 (2010), .
[Crossref]

2009 (5)

C. Crevoisier, A. Chédin, H. Matsueda, T. Machida, R. Armante, and N. A. Scott, “First year of upper tropospheric integrated content of CO2from IASI hyperspectral infrared observations,” Atmos. Chem. Phys. 9, 4797–4810 (2009), doi:.
[Crossref]

P. Ricaud, J.-L. Attié, H. Teyssédre, L. El Amraoui, V.-H. Peuch, M. Matricardi, and P. Schluessel, “Equatorial total column of nitrous oxide as measured by IASI on MetOp-A: implications for transport processes,” Atmos. Chem. Phys. 9, 3947–3956 (2009), doi:.
[Crossref]

A. Boynard, C. Clerbaux, P.-F. Coheur, D. Hurtmans, S. Turquety, M. George, J. Hadji-Lazaro, C. Keim, and J. Mayer-Arnek, “Measurements of total and tropospheric ozone from the IASI instrument: comparison with satellite and ozonesonde observations,” Atmos. Chem. Phys. 9, 6255–6271 (2009), doi:.
[Crossref]

L. Clarisse, C. Clerbaux, F. Dentener, D. Hurtmans, and P.-F. Coheur, “Global ammonia distribution derived from infrared satellite observations,” Nature Geosci. 2, 479–483 (2009), doi:
[Crossref]

C. Clerbaux, A. Boynard, L. Clarisse, M. George, J. Hadji-Lazaro, H. Herbin, D. Hurtmans, M. Pommier, A. Razavi, S. Turquety, C. Wespes, and P.-F. Coheur, “Monitoring of atmospheric composition using the thermal infrared IASI/Metop sounder,” Atmos. Chem. Phys. 9, 6041–6054 (2009), doi:.
[Crossref]

2008 (3)

M. T. Chahine, L. Chen, P. Dimotakis, X. Jiang, Q. Li, E. T. Olsen, T. Pagano, J. Randerson, and Y. L. Yung, “Satellite remote sounding of mid-tropospheric CO2,” Geophys. Res. Lett. 35, L17807 (2008), doi:.
[Crossref]

L. Clarisse, P.-F. Coheur, A. J. Prata, D. Hurtmans, A. Razavi, T. Phulpin, J. Hadji-Lazaro, and C. Clerbaux, “Tracking and quantifying volcanic SO2with IASI, the September 2007 eruption at Jebel at Tair,” Atm. Chem. Phys. 8, 7723–7734 (2008), doi:.
[Crossref]

F. D’Ortenzio, D. Antoine, and S. Marullo, “Satellite-driven modeling of the upper ocean mixed layer and air-sea CO2flux in the Mediterranean Sea,” Deep-Sea Res. Pt. I 55(4), 405–434 (2008), doi:.
[Crossref]

2007 (1)

G. Grieco, G. Masiello, M. Matricardi, C. Serio, D. Summa, and V. Cuomo, “Demonstration and validation of the φ-IASI inversion scheme with NAST-I data,” Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 133(s3), 217–232 (2007), doi:.
[Crossref]

2005 (4)

M. T. Chahine, C. Barnet, E. T. Olsen, L. Chen, and E. Maddy, “On the determination of atmospheric minor gases by the method of vanishing partial derivatives with application to CO2,” Geophys. Res. Lett. 32, L22803 (2005), doi:.
[Crossref]

S. A. Clough, M. W. Shephard, E. J. Mlawer, J. S. Delamere, M. J. Iacono, K. Cady-Pereira, S. Boukabara, and P. D. Brown, “Atmospheric radiative transfer modeling: a summary of the AER codes,” J. Quant. Spectroscop. Ra. 91(2), 233–244 (2005), doi:.
[Crossref]

W. W. Mc Millan, C. Barnet, L. Strow, M. T. Chahine, M. L. Mc Court, J. X. Warner, P. C. Novelli, S. Korontzi, E. S. Maddy, and S. Datta, “Daily global maps of carbon monoxide from NASA’s Atmospheric Infrared Sounder,” Geophys. Res. Lett. 32, L11801 (2005), doi:.
[Crossref]

A. Carissimo, I. De Feis, and C. Serio, “The physical retrieval methodology for IASI: the δ-IASI code,” Environ. Model. Software, 20(9), 1111–1126 (2005), doi:.
[Crossref]

2004 (3)

A. M. Lubrano, G. Masiello, M. Matricradi, C. Serio, and V. Cuomo, “Retrieving N2O from nadir-viewing infrared spectrometers,” Tellus B 56(3), 249–261 (2004), doi:.
[Crossref]

G. Masiello, C. Serio, and V. Cuomo, “Exploiting quartz spectral signature for the detection of cloud-affected satellite infrared observations over African desert areas,” Appl. Opt. 43(11), 2305–2315 (2004), doi:.
[Crossref] [PubMed]

G. Masiello and C. Serio, “Dimensionality-reduction approach to the thermal radiative transfer equation inverse problem,” Geophys. Res. Lett. 31, L11105 (2004) doi:.
[Crossref]

2002 (2)

G. Masiello, M. Matricardi, R. Rizzi, and C. Serio, “Homomorphism between cloudy and clear spectral radiance in the 800–900-cm−1atmospheric window region,” Appl. Opt. 41(6), 965–973 (2002), doi:.
[Crossref] [PubMed]

U. Amato, G. Masiello, C. Serio, and M. Viggiano, “The σ-IASI code for the calculation of infrared atmospheric radiance and its derivatives,” Environ. Model. Software 17(7), 651–667 (2002), doi:.
[Crossref]

2000 (1)

C. Serio, A. M. Lubrano, F. Romano, and H. Shimoda, “Cloud detection over sea surface by use of autocorrelation functions of upwelling infrared spectra in the 800–900-cm−1window region,” Appl. Opt. 39(21), 3565–3572 (2000), doi:.
[Crossref]

1995 (1)

U. Amato, M. F. Carfora, V. Cuomo, and C. Serio, “Objective algorithms for the aerosol problem,” Appl. Opt. 34(24), 5442–5452 (1995), doi:.
[Crossref] [PubMed]

1979 (1)

W. L. Smith, H. B. Howell, and H. M. Woolf, “The use of interferometric radiance measurements for the sounding the atmosphere,” J. Atmos. Sci. 36, 566–575 (1979), doi:
[Crossref]

1977 (1)

T. G. Kyle, “Temperature soundings with partially scanned interferograms,” Appl. Opt. 16(2), 326–332 (1977).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Ahonen, P.

Amato, U.

U. Amato, M. F. Carfora, V. Cuomo, and C. Serio, “Objective algorithms for the aerosol problem,” Appl. Opt. 34(24), 5442–5452 (1995), doi:.
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Ancellet, G.

Antoine, D.

Armante, R.

Attié, J.-L.

August, T.

Barnet, C.

Biraud, S. C.

Blasing, T. J.

T. J. Blasing, “Recent Greenhouse Gas Concentrations,” (2011) doi:.
[Crossref]

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Fig. 1 a) IASI band 1 spectrum for a tropical sounding; b) its interferogram; c) partial interferogram over the range 0.6–0.7 cm, which evidences the beating due to the CO₂ line emission structure. The spectrum is in radiance units (1 r.u.=1 W m⁻² sr⁻¹ (cm⁻¹)⁻¹); the interferogram is in interferogram units (1 i.u.= 1 W m⁻² sr⁻¹).

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Fig. 2 Mesh surface of J_I: the Jacobian derivative of the interferogram radiance with respect to mixing ratio profile of CO₂ (1 i.u.= 1 W m⁻² sr⁻¹).

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Fig. 3 (left) Exemplifying the partial interferogram used for the retrieval of CO₂. The figure also shows the signal contributed from two possible interfering atmospheric gases (1 i.u.= 1 W m⁻²sr⁻¹). (right) Reference mixing ratio profiles for the trace gases analyzed in this paper.

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Fig. 4 (left) Retrieved CO₂ for the JAIVEx experiment; (right) retrieved scaling factors for the JAIVEx experiment.

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Fig. 5 Partial interferogram used for a) CO, b) N₂O and c) CH₄. (1 i.u.= 1 W m⁻²sr⁻¹).

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Fig. 6 Jacobian derivative of I(x) with respect to the volume mixing ratio of CO (left); N₂O (middle); CH₄ (right) (1 i.u.= 1 W m⁻²sr⁻¹).

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Fig. 7 Retrieval analysis for the JAIVEx experiment. a) CO; b) N₂O; c) CH₄.

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Fig. 8 July 2010 maps derived from IASI soundings. From top left, clockwise, total column amount of CO₂, CO, CH₄ and N₂O, respectively.

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Fig. 9 July 2010 maps derived from IASI soundings. LATMOS-ULB retrieval scheme (left); this study (right).

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Fig. 10 CO₂ monthly map on 2 × 2 deg grid. Left, IASI. Right, AIRS.

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Fig. 11 Comparison of IASI retrieval with observations at sea surface stations. CO₂ (left); CH₄ (right).

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Equations (15)

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χ_{σ, i} = q_{i} (c_{σ, 0, i} + c_{σ, 1, i} T + c_{σ, 2, i} T^{2})

χ_{σ, 1} = q_{1} (c_{σ, 0, 1} + c_{σ, 1, 1} T + c_{σ, 2, 1} T^{2} + c_{σ, 3, 1} q_{1})

χ_{〈 σ 〉, i} = q_{i} (c_{〈 σ 〉, 0, i} + c_{〈 σ 〉, 1, i} T + c_{〈 σ 〉, 2, i} T^{2})

q_{i} (c_{〈 σ 〉, 0, i} + c_{〈 σ 〉, 1, i} T + c_{〈 σ 〉, 2, i} T^{2}) = - log (〈 τ_{σ, i} 〉) = - log [〈 exp (- χ_{σ, i}) 〉]

I (x) = \int_{- \infty}^{+ \infty} r (σ) exp (2 π i σ x) d σ; with r (\pm σ) = {\begin{matrix} \frac{R (σ)}{2}; & σ_{1} < σ < σ_{2} \\ 0; & otherwise \end{matrix}

J_{I} (x, p) = \frac{\partial I (x)}{\partial q_{{CO}_{2}} (p)}

I = I_{o} + J_{{CO}_{2}} (q_{{CO}_{2}} - q_{{CO}_{2}, o}) + J_{T} (T - T_{o}) + J_{Q} (Q - Q_{o}) + J_{s} (T_{s} - T_{so})

\begin{array}{l} T_{s} = (1 + f_{T_{s}}) T_{so}; & T = (1 + f_{T}) T_{o} \\ Q = (1 + f_{Q}) Q_{o}; & q_{{CO}_{2}} = (1 + f_{{CO}_{2}}) q_{CO 2, o} \end{array}

\begin{array}{l} I - I_{o} = a_{1} f_{{CO}_{2}} + a_{2} f_{T} + a_{3} f_{Q} + a_{4} f_{T_{s}} \\ a_{1} = J_{{CO}_{2}} q_{{CO}_{2}, o}; a_{2} = J_{T} T_{o}; a_{3} = J_{Q} Q_{o}; a_{4} = J_{s} T_{so} \end{array}

Y = I - I_{o} = Af; with f = {(f_{{CO}_{2}}, f_{T}, f_{Q}, f_{T_{s}})}^{T}

\hat{f} = {(A^{T} S_{I}^{- 1} A)}^{- 1} A^{T} S_{I}^{- 1} Y; and S_{\hat{f}} = {(A^{T} S_{I}^{- 1} A)}^{- 1}

{\bar{q}}_{{CO}_{2}} = (1 + {\hat{f}}_{{CO}_{2}}) \int_{p_{g}}^{0} q_{{CO}_{2}} (p) d p = (1 + {\hat{f}}_{{CO}_{2}}) {\bar{q}}_{{CO}_{2}, o}

e_{{CO}_{2}} = \sqrt{S_{\hat{f}} (1, 1)} {\bar{q}}_{{CO}_{2}, o}

C_{f} (i, j) = \frac{S_{f} (i, j)}{\sqrt{S_{f} (i, i), S_{f} (j, j)}} i, j = 1, \dots, M = 4

C_{f} = (\begin{matrix} 1.000, & - 0.14, & 0.130, & - 0.49 \\ - 0.14, & 1.000, & 0.850, & 0.540 \\ 0.130, & 0.850, & 1.000, & 0.260 \\ - 0.49, & 0.540, & 0.260, & 1.000 \end{matrix})