Abstract

We report the phase measurement of a fast light pulse in electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) of the 5S1/2 (F = 2)–5P3/2 (F′ = 3) transition of 87Rb atoms. Using a beat-note interferometer method, a stable measurement without phase dithering of the phase of the probe pulse before and after it has passed through the EIA medium was achieved. Comparing the phases of the light pulse in air and that of the fast light pulse though the EIA medium, the phase of the fast light pulse at EIA resonance was not shifted and maintained to be the same as that of the free-space light pulse. The classical fidelity of the fast light pulse according to the advancement of the group velocity by adjusting the atomic density was estimated to be more than 97%.

© 2013 Optical Society of America

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  1. K. J. Boller, A. Imamolu, and S. E. Harris, “Observation of electromagnetically induced transparency,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 66(20), 2593–2596 (1991).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  2. A. M. Akulshin, S. Barreiro, and A. Lezama, “Electromagnetically induced absorption and transparency due to resonant two-field excitation of quasidegenerate levels in Rb vapor,” Phys. Rev. A 57(4), 2996–3002 (1998).
    [Crossref]
  3. C. Liu, Z. Dutton, C. H. Behroozi, and L. V. Hau, “Observation of coherent optical information storage in an atomic medium using halted light pulses,” Nature 409(6819), 490–493 (2001).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  4. I. Novikova, A. V. Gorshkov, D. F. Phillips, A. S. Sørensen, M. D. Lukin, and R. L. Walsworth, “Optimal Control of Light Pulse Storage and Retrieval,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 98(24), 243602 (2007).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  5. J. Appel, E. Figueroa, D. Korystov, M. Lobino, and A. I. Lvovsky, “Quantum Memory for Squeezed Light,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 100(9), 093602 (2008).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  6. K. S. Choi, H. Deng, J. Laurat, and H. J. Kimble, “Mapping photonic entanglement into and out of a quantum memory,” Nature 452(7183), 67–71 (2008).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  7. A. I. Lvovsky, B. C. Sanders, and W. Tittel, “Optical Quantum Memory,” Nat. Photonics 3(12), 706–714 (2009).
    [Crossref]
  8. A. M. Marino, R. C. Pooser, V. Boyer, and P. D. Lett, “Tunable delay of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entanglement,” Nature 457(7231), 859–862 (2009).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  9. K. Jensen, W. Wasilewski, H. Krauter, T. Fernholz, B. M. Nielsen, M. Owari, M. B. Plenio, A. Serafini, M. M. Wolf, and E. S. Polzik, “Quantum memory for entangled continuous-variable states,” Nat. Phys. 7(1), 13–16 (2011).
    [Crossref]
  10. H. P. Specht, C. Nölleke, A. Reiserer, M. Uphoff, E. Figueroa, S. Ritter, and G. Rempe, “A single-atom quantum memory,” Nature 473(7346), 190–193 (2011).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  11. Y.-H. Chen, M.-J. Lee, I.-C. Wang, S. Du, Y.-F. Chen, Y.-C. Chen, and I. A. Yu, “Coherent optical memory with high storage efficiency and large fractional delay,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 110(8), 083601 (2013).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  12. A. M. Steinberg, P. G. Kwiat, and R. Y. Chiao, “Measurement of the single-photon tunneling time,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 71(5), 708–711 (1993).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  13. Y. Aharonov, B. Reznik, and A. Stern, “Quantum Limitations on Superluminal Propagation,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 81(11), 2190–2193 (1998).
    [Crossref]
  14. A. Kuzmich, A. Dogariu, L. J. Wang, P. W. Milonni, and R. Y. Chiao, “Signal Velocity, Causality, and Quantum Noise in Superluminal Light Pulse Propagation,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86(18), 3925–3929 (2001).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  15. L. J. Wang, A. Kuzmich, and A. Dogariu, “Gain-assisted superluminal light propagation,” Nature 406(6793), 277–279 (2000).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  16. M. D. Stenner, D. J. Gauthier, and M. A. Neifeld, “The speed of information in a ‘fast-light’ optical medium,” Nature 425(6959), 695–698 (2003).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  17. G. S. Agarwal and T. Nath Dey, “Causality in propagation of a pulse in a nonlinear dispersive medium,” J. Mod. Opt. 52(10), 1449–1456 (2005).
    [Crossref]
  18. R. W. Boyd and P. Narum, “Slow- and fast-light: fundamental limitations,” J. Mod. Opt. 54(16-17), 2403–2411 (2007).
    [Crossref]
  19. U. Vogl, R. T. Glasser, and P. D. Lett, “Advanced detection of information in optical pulses with negative group velocity,” Phys. Rev. A 86(3), 031806 (2012).
    [Crossref]
  20. Z. Yang, “Physical mechanism and information velocity of fast light: A time-domain analysis,” Phys. Rev. A 87(2), 023801 (2013).
    [Crossref]
  21. Y.-F. Chen, Y.-C. Liu, Z.-H. Tsai, S.-H. Wang, and I. A. Yu, “Beat-note interferometer for direct phase measurement of photonic information,” Phys. Rev. A 72(3), 033812 (2005).
    [Crossref]
  22. M. Lettner, M. Mücke, S. Riedl, C. Vo, C. Hahn, S. Baur, J. Bochmann, S. Ritter, S. Dürr, and G. Rempe, “Remote entanglement between a single atom and a Bose-Einstein condensate,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 106(21), 210503 (2011).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  23. S. Zhou, S. Zhang, C. Liu, J. F. Chen, J. Wen, M. M. T. Loy, G. K. L. Wong, and S. Du, “Optimal storage and retrieval of single-photon waveforms,” Opt. Express 20(22), 24124–24131 (2012).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  24. Y.-W. Cho and Y.-H. Kim, “Storage and retrieval of thermal light in warm atomic vapor,” Phys. Rev. A 82(3), 033830 (2010).
    [Crossref]
  25. I. H. Bae and H. S. Moon, “Transfer of photon number statistics from coupling light to stored and retrieved probe light,” Opt. Express 20(24), 26308–26316 (2012).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  26. G. M. Gehring, A. Schweinsberg, C. Barsi, N. Kostinski, and R. W. Boyd, “Observation of Backward PulsePropagation Through a Medium with a Negative Group Velocity,” Science 312(5775), 895–897 (2006).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  27. R. W. Boyd and D. J. Gauthier, “Controlling the Velocity of Light Pulses,” Science 326(5956), 1074–1077 (2009).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  28. L. Zhang, L. Zhan, K. Qian, J. Liu, Q. Shen, X. Hu, and S. Luo, “Superluminal Propagation at Negative Group Velocity in Optical Fibers Based on Brillouin Lasing Oscillation,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 107(9), 093903 (2011).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  29. A. Akulshin, S. Barreiro, and A. Lezama, “Steep anomalous dispersion in coherently prepared Rb vapor,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 83(21), 4277–4280 (1999).
    [Crossref]
  30. K. Kim, H. S. Moon, C. Lee, S. K. Kim, and J. B. Kim, “Observation of arbitrary group velocities of light from superluminal to subluminal on a single atomic transition line,” Phys. Rev. A 68(1), 013810 (2003).
    [Crossref]

2013 (2)

Y.-H. Chen, M.-J. Lee, I.-C. Wang, S. Du, Y.-F. Chen, Y.-C. Chen, and I. A. Yu, “Coherent optical memory with high storage efficiency and large fractional delay,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 110(8), 083601 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Z. Yang, “Physical mechanism and information velocity of fast light: A time-domain analysis,” Phys. Rev. A 87(2), 023801 (2013).
[Crossref]

2012 (3)

2011 (4)

L. Zhang, L. Zhan, K. Qian, J. Liu, Q. Shen, X. Hu, and S. Luo, “Superluminal Propagation at Negative Group Velocity in Optical Fibers Based on Brillouin Lasing Oscillation,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 107(9), 093903 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Lettner, M. Mücke, S. Riedl, C. Vo, C. Hahn, S. Baur, J. Bochmann, S. Ritter, S. Dürr, and G. Rempe, “Remote entanglement between a single atom and a Bose-Einstein condensate,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 106(21), 210503 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

K. Jensen, W. Wasilewski, H. Krauter, T. Fernholz, B. M. Nielsen, M. Owari, M. B. Plenio, A. Serafini, M. M. Wolf, and E. S. Polzik, “Quantum memory for entangled continuous-variable states,” Nat. Phys. 7(1), 13–16 (2011).
[Crossref]

H. P. Specht, C. Nölleke, A. Reiserer, M. Uphoff, E. Figueroa, S. Ritter, and G. Rempe, “A single-atom quantum memory,” Nature 473(7346), 190–193 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2010 (1)

Y.-W. Cho and Y.-H. Kim, “Storage and retrieval of thermal light in warm atomic vapor,” Phys. Rev. A 82(3), 033830 (2010).
[Crossref]

2009 (3)

R. W. Boyd and D. J. Gauthier, “Controlling the Velocity of Light Pulses,” Science 326(5956), 1074–1077 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. I. Lvovsky, B. C. Sanders, and W. Tittel, “Optical Quantum Memory,” Nat. Photonics 3(12), 706–714 (2009).
[Crossref]

A. M. Marino, R. C. Pooser, V. Boyer, and P. D. Lett, “Tunable delay of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entanglement,” Nature 457(7231), 859–862 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2008 (2)

J. Appel, E. Figueroa, D. Korystov, M. Lobino, and A. I. Lvovsky, “Quantum Memory for Squeezed Light,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 100(9), 093602 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

K. S. Choi, H. Deng, J. Laurat, and H. J. Kimble, “Mapping photonic entanglement into and out of a quantum memory,” Nature 452(7183), 67–71 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2007 (2)

I. Novikova, A. V. Gorshkov, D. F. Phillips, A. S. Sørensen, M. D. Lukin, and R. L. Walsworth, “Optimal Control of Light Pulse Storage and Retrieval,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 98(24), 243602 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. W. Boyd and P. Narum, “Slow- and fast-light: fundamental limitations,” J. Mod. Opt. 54(16-17), 2403–2411 (2007).
[Crossref]

2006 (1)

G. M. Gehring, A. Schweinsberg, C. Barsi, N. Kostinski, and R. W. Boyd, “Observation of Backward PulsePropagation Through a Medium with a Negative Group Velocity,” Science 312(5775), 895–897 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2005 (2)

G. S. Agarwal and T. Nath Dey, “Causality in propagation of a pulse in a nonlinear dispersive medium,” J. Mod. Opt. 52(10), 1449–1456 (2005).
[Crossref]

Y.-F. Chen, Y.-C. Liu, Z.-H. Tsai, S.-H. Wang, and I. A. Yu, “Beat-note interferometer for direct phase measurement of photonic information,” Phys. Rev. A 72(3), 033812 (2005).
[Crossref]

2003 (2)

K. Kim, H. S. Moon, C. Lee, S. K. Kim, and J. B. Kim, “Observation of arbitrary group velocities of light from superluminal to subluminal on a single atomic transition line,” Phys. Rev. A 68(1), 013810 (2003).
[Crossref]

M. D. Stenner, D. J. Gauthier, and M. A. Neifeld, “The speed of information in a ‘fast-light’ optical medium,” Nature 425(6959), 695–698 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2001 (2)

A. Kuzmich, A. Dogariu, L. J. Wang, P. W. Milonni, and R. Y. Chiao, “Signal Velocity, Causality, and Quantum Noise in Superluminal Light Pulse Propagation,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86(18), 3925–3929 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. Liu, Z. Dutton, C. H. Behroozi, and L. V. Hau, “Observation of coherent optical information storage in an atomic medium using halted light pulses,” Nature 409(6819), 490–493 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2000 (1)

L. J. Wang, A. Kuzmich, and A. Dogariu, “Gain-assisted superluminal light propagation,” Nature 406(6793), 277–279 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

1999 (1)

A. Akulshin, S. Barreiro, and A. Lezama, “Steep anomalous dispersion in coherently prepared Rb vapor,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 83(21), 4277–4280 (1999).
[Crossref]

1998 (2)

Y. Aharonov, B. Reznik, and A. Stern, “Quantum Limitations on Superluminal Propagation,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 81(11), 2190–2193 (1998).
[Crossref]

A. M. Akulshin, S. Barreiro, and A. Lezama, “Electromagnetically induced absorption and transparency due to resonant two-field excitation of quasidegenerate levels in Rb vapor,” Phys. Rev. A 57(4), 2996–3002 (1998).
[Crossref]

1993 (1)

A. M. Steinberg, P. G. Kwiat, and R. Y. Chiao, “Measurement of the single-photon tunneling time,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 71(5), 708–711 (1993).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

1991 (1)

K. J. Boller, A. Imamolu, and S. E. Harris, “Observation of electromagnetically induced transparency,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 66(20), 2593–2596 (1991).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Agarwal, G. S.

G. S. Agarwal and T. Nath Dey, “Causality in propagation of a pulse in a nonlinear dispersive medium,” J. Mod. Opt. 52(10), 1449–1456 (2005).
[Crossref]

Aharonov, Y.

Y. Aharonov, B. Reznik, and A. Stern, “Quantum Limitations on Superluminal Propagation,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 81(11), 2190–2193 (1998).
[Crossref]

Akulshin, A.

A. Akulshin, S. Barreiro, and A. Lezama, “Steep anomalous dispersion in coherently prepared Rb vapor,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 83(21), 4277–4280 (1999).
[Crossref]

Akulshin, A. M.

A. M. Akulshin, S. Barreiro, and A. Lezama, “Electromagnetically induced absorption and transparency due to resonant two-field excitation of quasidegenerate levels in Rb vapor,” Phys. Rev. A 57(4), 2996–3002 (1998).
[Crossref]

Appel, J.

J. Appel, E. Figueroa, D. Korystov, M. Lobino, and A. I. Lvovsky, “Quantum Memory for Squeezed Light,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 100(9), 093602 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Bae, I. H.

Barreiro, S.

A. Akulshin, S. Barreiro, and A. Lezama, “Steep anomalous dispersion in coherently prepared Rb vapor,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 83(21), 4277–4280 (1999).
[Crossref]

A. M. Akulshin, S. Barreiro, and A. Lezama, “Electromagnetically induced absorption and transparency due to resonant two-field excitation of quasidegenerate levels in Rb vapor,” Phys. Rev. A 57(4), 2996–3002 (1998).
[Crossref]

Barsi, C.

G. M. Gehring, A. Schweinsberg, C. Barsi, N. Kostinski, and R. W. Boyd, “Observation of Backward PulsePropagation Through a Medium with a Negative Group Velocity,” Science 312(5775), 895–897 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Baur, S.

M. Lettner, M. Mücke, S. Riedl, C. Vo, C. Hahn, S. Baur, J. Bochmann, S. Ritter, S. Dürr, and G. Rempe, “Remote entanglement between a single atom and a Bose-Einstein condensate,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 106(21), 210503 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Behroozi, C. H.

C. Liu, Z. Dutton, C. H. Behroozi, and L. V. Hau, “Observation of coherent optical information storage in an atomic medium using halted light pulses,” Nature 409(6819), 490–493 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Bochmann, J.

M. Lettner, M. Mücke, S. Riedl, C. Vo, C. Hahn, S. Baur, J. Bochmann, S. Ritter, S. Dürr, and G. Rempe, “Remote entanglement between a single atom and a Bose-Einstein condensate,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 106(21), 210503 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Boller, K. J.

K. J. Boller, A. Imamolu, and S. E. Harris, “Observation of electromagnetically induced transparency,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 66(20), 2593–2596 (1991).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Boyd, R. W.

R. W. Boyd and D. J. Gauthier, “Controlling the Velocity of Light Pulses,” Science 326(5956), 1074–1077 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. W. Boyd and P. Narum, “Slow- and fast-light: fundamental limitations,” J. Mod. Opt. 54(16-17), 2403–2411 (2007).
[Crossref]

G. M. Gehring, A. Schweinsberg, C. Barsi, N. Kostinski, and R. W. Boyd, “Observation of Backward PulsePropagation Through a Medium with a Negative Group Velocity,” Science 312(5775), 895–897 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Boyer, V.

A. M. Marino, R. C. Pooser, V. Boyer, and P. D. Lett, “Tunable delay of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entanglement,” Nature 457(7231), 859–862 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Chen, J. F.

Chen, Y.-C.

Y.-H. Chen, M.-J. Lee, I.-C. Wang, S. Du, Y.-F. Chen, Y.-C. Chen, and I. A. Yu, “Coherent optical memory with high storage efficiency and large fractional delay,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 110(8), 083601 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Chen, Y.-F.

Y.-H. Chen, M.-J. Lee, I.-C. Wang, S. Du, Y.-F. Chen, Y.-C. Chen, and I. A. Yu, “Coherent optical memory with high storage efficiency and large fractional delay,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 110(8), 083601 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Y.-F. Chen, Y.-C. Liu, Z.-H. Tsai, S.-H. Wang, and I. A. Yu, “Beat-note interferometer for direct phase measurement of photonic information,” Phys. Rev. A 72(3), 033812 (2005).
[Crossref]

Chen, Y.-H.

Y.-H. Chen, M.-J. Lee, I.-C. Wang, S. Du, Y.-F. Chen, Y.-C. Chen, and I. A. Yu, “Coherent optical memory with high storage efficiency and large fractional delay,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 110(8), 083601 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Chiao, R. Y.

A. Kuzmich, A. Dogariu, L. J. Wang, P. W. Milonni, and R. Y. Chiao, “Signal Velocity, Causality, and Quantum Noise in Superluminal Light Pulse Propagation,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86(18), 3925–3929 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. M. Steinberg, P. G. Kwiat, and R. Y. Chiao, “Measurement of the single-photon tunneling time,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 71(5), 708–711 (1993).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Cho, Y.-W.

Y.-W. Cho and Y.-H. Kim, “Storage and retrieval of thermal light in warm atomic vapor,” Phys. Rev. A 82(3), 033830 (2010).
[Crossref]

Choi, K. S.

K. S. Choi, H. Deng, J. Laurat, and H. J. Kimble, “Mapping photonic entanglement into and out of a quantum memory,” Nature 452(7183), 67–71 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Deng, H.

K. S. Choi, H. Deng, J. Laurat, and H. J. Kimble, “Mapping photonic entanglement into and out of a quantum memory,” Nature 452(7183), 67–71 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Dogariu, A.

A. Kuzmich, A. Dogariu, L. J. Wang, P. W. Milonni, and R. Y. Chiao, “Signal Velocity, Causality, and Quantum Noise in Superluminal Light Pulse Propagation,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86(18), 3925–3929 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

L. J. Wang, A. Kuzmich, and A. Dogariu, “Gain-assisted superluminal light propagation,” Nature 406(6793), 277–279 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Du, S.

Y.-H. Chen, M.-J. Lee, I.-C. Wang, S. Du, Y.-F. Chen, Y.-C. Chen, and I. A. Yu, “Coherent optical memory with high storage efficiency and large fractional delay,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 110(8), 083601 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Zhou, S. Zhang, C. Liu, J. F. Chen, J. Wen, M. M. T. Loy, G. K. L. Wong, and S. Du, “Optimal storage and retrieval of single-photon waveforms,” Opt. Express 20(22), 24124–24131 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Dürr, S.

M. Lettner, M. Mücke, S. Riedl, C. Vo, C. Hahn, S. Baur, J. Bochmann, S. Ritter, S. Dürr, and G. Rempe, “Remote entanglement between a single atom and a Bose-Einstein condensate,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 106(21), 210503 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Dutton, Z.

C. Liu, Z. Dutton, C. H. Behroozi, and L. V. Hau, “Observation of coherent optical information storage in an atomic medium using halted light pulses,” Nature 409(6819), 490–493 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Fernholz, T.

K. Jensen, W. Wasilewski, H. Krauter, T. Fernholz, B. M. Nielsen, M. Owari, M. B. Plenio, A. Serafini, M. M. Wolf, and E. S. Polzik, “Quantum memory for entangled continuous-variable states,” Nat. Phys. 7(1), 13–16 (2011).
[Crossref]

Figueroa, E.

H. P. Specht, C. Nölleke, A. Reiserer, M. Uphoff, E. Figueroa, S. Ritter, and G. Rempe, “A single-atom quantum memory,” Nature 473(7346), 190–193 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Appel, E. Figueroa, D. Korystov, M. Lobino, and A. I. Lvovsky, “Quantum Memory for Squeezed Light,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 100(9), 093602 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Gauthier, D. J.

R. W. Boyd and D. J. Gauthier, “Controlling the Velocity of Light Pulses,” Science 326(5956), 1074–1077 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. D. Stenner, D. J. Gauthier, and M. A. Neifeld, “The speed of information in a ‘fast-light’ optical medium,” Nature 425(6959), 695–698 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Gehring, G. M.

G. M. Gehring, A. Schweinsberg, C. Barsi, N. Kostinski, and R. W. Boyd, “Observation of Backward PulsePropagation Through a Medium with a Negative Group Velocity,” Science 312(5775), 895–897 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Glasser, R. T.

U. Vogl, R. T. Glasser, and P. D. Lett, “Advanced detection of information in optical pulses with negative group velocity,” Phys. Rev. A 86(3), 031806 (2012).
[Crossref]

Gorshkov, A. V.

I. Novikova, A. V. Gorshkov, D. F. Phillips, A. S. Sørensen, M. D. Lukin, and R. L. Walsworth, “Optimal Control of Light Pulse Storage and Retrieval,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 98(24), 243602 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Hahn, C.

M. Lettner, M. Mücke, S. Riedl, C. Vo, C. Hahn, S. Baur, J. Bochmann, S. Ritter, S. Dürr, and G. Rempe, “Remote entanglement between a single atom and a Bose-Einstein condensate,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 106(21), 210503 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Harris, S. E.

K. J. Boller, A. Imamolu, and S. E. Harris, “Observation of electromagnetically induced transparency,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 66(20), 2593–2596 (1991).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Hau, L. V.

C. Liu, Z. Dutton, C. H. Behroozi, and L. V. Hau, “Observation of coherent optical information storage in an atomic medium using halted light pulses,” Nature 409(6819), 490–493 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Hu, X.

L. Zhang, L. Zhan, K. Qian, J. Liu, Q. Shen, X. Hu, and S. Luo, “Superluminal Propagation at Negative Group Velocity in Optical Fibers Based on Brillouin Lasing Oscillation,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 107(9), 093903 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Imamolu, A.

K. J. Boller, A. Imamolu, and S. E. Harris, “Observation of electromagnetically induced transparency,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 66(20), 2593–2596 (1991).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Jensen, K.

K. Jensen, W. Wasilewski, H. Krauter, T. Fernholz, B. M. Nielsen, M. Owari, M. B. Plenio, A. Serafini, M. M. Wolf, and E. S. Polzik, “Quantum memory for entangled continuous-variable states,” Nat. Phys. 7(1), 13–16 (2011).
[Crossref]

Kim, J. B.

K. Kim, H. S. Moon, C. Lee, S. K. Kim, and J. B. Kim, “Observation of arbitrary group velocities of light from superluminal to subluminal on a single atomic transition line,” Phys. Rev. A 68(1), 013810 (2003).
[Crossref]

Kim, K.

K. Kim, H. S. Moon, C. Lee, S. K. Kim, and J. B. Kim, “Observation of arbitrary group velocities of light from superluminal to subluminal on a single atomic transition line,” Phys. Rev. A 68(1), 013810 (2003).
[Crossref]

Kim, S. K.

K. Kim, H. S. Moon, C. Lee, S. K. Kim, and J. B. Kim, “Observation of arbitrary group velocities of light from superluminal to subluminal on a single atomic transition line,” Phys. Rev. A 68(1), 013810 (2003).
[Crossref]

Kim, Y.-H.

Y.-W. Cho and Y.-H. Kim, “Storage and retrieval of thermal light in warm atomic vapor,” Phys. Rev. A 82(3), 033830 (2010).
[Crossref]

Kimble, H. J.

K. S. Choi, H. Deng, J. Laurat, and H. J. Kimble, “Mapping photonic entanglement into and out of a quantum memory,” Nature 452(7183), 67–71 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Korystov, D.

J. Appel, E. Figueroa, D. Korystov, M. Lobino, and A. I. Lvovsky, “Quantum Memory for Squeezed Light,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 100(9), 093602 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Kostinski, N.

G. M. Gehring, A. Schweinsberg, C. Barsi, N. Kostinski, and R. W. Boyd, “Observation of Backward PulsePropagation Through a Medium with a Negative Group Velocity,” Science 312(5775), 895–897 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Krauter, H.

K. Jensen, W. Wasilewski, H. Krauter, T. Fernholz, B. M. Nielsen, M. Owari, M. B. Plenio, A. Serafini, M. M. Wolf, and E. S. Polzik, “Quantum memory for entangled continuous-variable states,” Nat. Phys. 7(1), 13–16 (2011).
[Crossref]

Kuzmich, A.

A. Kuzmich, A. Dogariu, L. J. Wang, P. W. Milonni, and R. Y. Chiao, “Signal Velocity, Causality, and Quantum Noise in Superluminal Light Pulse Propagation,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86(18), 3925–3929 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

L. J. Wang, A. Kuzmich, and A. Dogariu, “Gain-assisted superluminal light propagation,” Nature 406(6793), 277–279 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Kwiat, P. G.

A. M. Steinberg, P. G. Kwiat, and R. Y. Chiao, “Measurement of the single-photon tunneling time,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 71(5), 708–711 (1993).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Laurat, J.

K. S. Choi, H. Deng, J. Laurat, and H. J. Kimble, “Mapping photonic entanglement into and out of a quantum memory,” Nature 452(7183), 67–71 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Lee, C.

K. Kim, H. S. Moon, C. Lee, S. K. Kim, and J. B. Kim, “Observation of arbitrary group velocities of light from superluminal to subluminal on a single atomic transition line,” Phys. Rev. A 68(1), 013810 (2003).
[Crossref]

Lee, M.-J.

Y.-H. Chen, M.-J. Lee, I.-C. Wang, S. Du, Y.-F. Chen, Y.-C. Chen, and I. A. Yu, “Coherent optical memory with high storage efficiency and large fractional delay,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 110(8), 083601 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Lett, P. D.

U. Vogl, R. T. Glasser, and P. D. Lett, “Advanced detection of information in optical pulses with negative group velocity,” Phys. Rev. A 86(3), 031806 (2012).
[Crossref]

A. M. Marino, R. C. Pooser, V. Boyer, and P. D. Lett, “Tunable delay of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entanglement,” Nature 457(7231), 859–862 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Lettner, M.

M. Lettner, M. Mücke, S. Riedl, C. Vo, C. Hahn, S. Baur, J. Bochmann, S. Ritter, S. Dürr, and G. Rempe, “Remote entanglement between a single atom and a Bose-Einstein condensate,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 106(21), 210503 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Lezama, A.

A. Akulshin, S. Barreiro, and A. Lezama, “Steep anomalous dispersion in coherently prepared Rb vapor,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 83(21), 4277–4280 (1999).
[Crossref]

A. M. Akulshin, S. Barreiro, and A. Lezama, “Electromagnetically induced absorption and transparency due to resonant two-field excitation of quasidegenerate levels in Rb vapor,” Phys. Rev. A 57(4), 2996–3002 (1998).
[Crossref]

Liu, C.

S. Zhou, S. Zhang, C. Liu, J. F. Chen, J. Wen, M. M. T. Loy, G. K. L. Wong, and S. Du, “Optimal storage and retrieval of single-photon waveforms,” Opt. Express 20(22), 24124–24131 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. Liu, Z. Dutton, C. H. Behroozi, and L. V. Hau, “Observation of coherent optical information storage in an atomic medium using halted light pulses,” Nature 409(6819), 490–493 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Liu, J.

L. Zhang, L. Zhan, K. Qian, J. Liu, Q. Shen, X. Hu, and S. Luo, “Superluminal Propagation at Negative Group Velocity in Optical Fibers Based on Brillouin Lasing Oscillation,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 107(9), 093903 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Liu, Y.-C.

Y.-F. Chen, Y.-C. Liu, Z.-H. Tsai, S.-H. Wang, and I. A. Yu, “Beat-note interferometer for direct phase measurement of photonic information,” Phys. Rev. A 72(3), 033812 (2005).
[Crossref]

Lobino, M.

J. Appel, E. Figueroa, D. Korystov, M. Lobino, and A. I. Lvovsky, “Quantum Memory for Squeezed Light,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 100(9), 093602 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Loy, M. M. T.

Lukin, M. D.

I. Novikova, A. V. Gorshkov, D. F. Phillips, A. S. Sørensen, M. D. Lukin, and R. L. Walsworth, “Optimal Control of Light Pulse Storage and Retrieval,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 98(24), 243602 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Luo, S.

L. Zhang, L. Zhan, K. Qian, J. Liu, Q. Shen, X. Hu, and S. Luo, “Superluminal Propagation at Negative Group Velocity in Optical Fibers Based on Brillouin Lasing Oscillation,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 107(9), 093903 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Lvovsky, A. I.

A. I. Lvovsky, B. C. Sanders, and W. Tittel, “Optical Quantum Memory,” Nat. Photonics 3(12), 706–714 (2009).
[Crossref]

J. Appel, E. Figueroa, D. Korystov, M. Lobino, and A. I. Lvovsky, “Quantum Memory for Squeezed Light,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 100(9), 093602 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Marino, A. M.

A. M. Marino, R. C. Pooser, V. Boyer, and P. D. Lett, “Tunable delay of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entanglement,” Nature 457(7231), 859–862 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Milonni, P. W.

A. Kuzmich, A. Dogariu, L. J. Wang, P. W. Milonni, and R. Y. Chiao, “Signal Velocity, Causality, and Quantum Noise in Superluminal Light Pulse Propagation,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86(18), 3925–3929 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Moon, H. S.

I. H. Bae and H. S. Moon, “Transfer of photon number statistics from coupling light to stored and retrieved probe light,” Opt. Express 20(24), 26308–26316 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

K. Kim, H. S. Moon, C. Lee, S. K. Kim, and J. B. Kim, “Observation of arbitrary group velocities of light from superluminal to subluminal on a single atomic transition line,” Phys. Rev. A 68(1), 013810 (2003).
[Crossref]

Mücke, M.

M. Lettner, M. Mücke, S. Riedl, C. Vo, C. Hahn, S. Baur, J. Bochmann, S. Ritter, S. Dürr, and G. Rempe, “Remote entanglement between a single atom and a Bose-Einstein condensate,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 106(21), 210503 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Narum, P.

R. W. Boyd and P. Narum, “Slow- and fast-light: fundamental limitations,” J. Mod. Opt. 54(16-17), 2403–2411 (2007).
[Crossref]

Nath Dey, T.

G. S. Agarwal and T. Nath Dey, “Causality in propagation of a pulse in a nonlinear dispersive medium,” J. Mod. Opt. 52(10), 1449–1456 (2005).
[Crossref]

Neifeld, M. A.

M. D. Stenner, D. J. Gauthier, and M. A. Neifeld, “The speed of information in a ‘fast-light’ optical medium,” Nature 425(6959), 695–698 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Nielsen, B. M.

K. Jensen, W. Wasilewski, H. Krauter, T. Fernholz, B. M. Nielsen, M. Owari, M. B. Plenio, A. Serafini, M. M. Wolf, and E. S. Polzik, “Quantum memory for entangled continuous-variable states,” Nat. Phys. 7(1), 13–16 (2011).
[Crossref]

Nölleke, C.

H. P. Specht, C. Nölleke, A. Reiserer, M. Uphoff, E. Figueroa, S. Ritter, and G. Rempe, “A single-atom quantum memory,” Nature 473(7346), 190–193 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Novikova, I.

I. Novikova, A. V. Gorshkov, D. F. Phillips, A. S. Sørensen, M. D. Lukin, and R. L. Walsworth, “Optimal Control of Light Pulse Storage and Retrieval,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 98(24), 243602 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Owari, M.

K. Jensen, W. Wasilewski, H. Krauter, T. Fernholz, B. M. Nielsen, M. Owari, M. B. Plenio, A. Serafini, M. M. Wolf, and E. S. Polzik, “Quantum memory for entangled continuous-variable states,” Nat. Phys. 7(1), 13–16 (2011).
[Crossref]

Phillips, D. F.

I. Novikova, A. V. Gorshkov, D. F. Phillips, A. S. Sørensen, M. D. Lukin, and R. L. Walsworth, “Optimal Control of Light Pulse Storage and Retrieval,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 98(24), 243602 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Plenio, M. B.

K. Jensen, W. Wasilewski, H. Krauter, T. Fernholz, B. M. Nielsen, M. Owari, M. B. Plenio, A. Serafini, M. M. Wolf, and E. S. Polzik, “Quantum memory for entangled continuous-variable states,” Nat. Phys. 7(1), 13–16 (2011).
[Crossref]

Polzik, E. S.

K. Jensen, W. Wasilewski, H. Krauter, T. Fernholz, B. M. Nielsen, M. Owari, M. B. Plenio, A. Serafini, M. M. Wolf, and E. S. Polzik, “Quantum memory for entangled continuous-variable states,” Nat. Phys. 7(1), 13–16 (2011).
[Crossref]

Pooser, R. C.

A. M. Marino, R. C. Pooser, V. Boyer, and P. D. Lett, “Tunable delay of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entanglement,” Nature 457(7231), 859–862 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Qian, K.

L. Zhang, L. Zhan, K. Qian, J. Liu, Q. Shen, X. Hu, and S. Luo, “Superluminal Propagation at Negative Group Velocity in Optical Fibers Based on Brillouin Lasing Oscillation,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 107(9), 093903 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Reiserer, A.

H. P. Specht, C. Nölleke, A. Reiserer, M. Uphoff, E. Figueroa, S. Ritter, and G. Rempe, “A single-atom quantum memory,” Nature 473(7346), 190–193 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Rempe, G.

H. P. Specht, C. Nölleke, A. Reiserer, M. Uphoff, E. Figueroa, S. Ritter, and G. Rempe, “A single-atom quantum memory,” Nature 473(7346), 190–193 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Lettner, M. Mücke, S. Riedl, C. Vo, C. Hahn, S. Baur, J. Bochmann, S. Ritter, S. Dürr, and G. Rempe, “Remote entanglement between a single atom and a Bose-Einstein condensate,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 106(21), 210503 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Reznik, B.

Y. Aharonov, B. Reznik, and A. Stern, “Quantum Limitations on Superluminal Propagation,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 81(11), 2190–2193 (1998).
[Crossref]

Riedl, S.

M. Lettner, M. Mücke, S. Riedl, C. Vo, C. Hahn, S. Baur, J. Bochmann, S. Ritter, S. Dürr, and G. Rempe, “Remote entanglement between a single atom and a Bose-Einstein condensate,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 106(21), 210503 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Ritter, S.

M. Lettner, M. Mücke, S. Riedl, C. Vo, C. Hahn, S. Baur, J. Bochmann, S. Ritter, S. Dürr, and G. Rempe, “Remote entanglement between a single atom and a Bose-Einstein condensate,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 106(21), 210503 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

H. P. Specht, C. Nölleke, A. Reiserer, M. Uphoff, E. Figueroa, S. Ritter, and G. Rempe, “A single-atom quantum memory,” Nature 473(7346), 190–193 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Sanders, B. C.

A. I. Lvovsky, B. C. Sanders, and W. Tittel, “Optical Quantum Memory,” Nat. Photonics 3(12), 706–714 (2009).
[Crossref]

Schweinsberg, A.

G. M. Gehring, A. Schweinsberg, C. Barsi, N. Kostinski, and R. W. Boyd, “Observation of Backward PulsePropagation Through a Medium with a Negative Group Velocity,” Science 312(5775), 895–897 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Serafini, A.

K. Jensen, W. Wasilewski, H. Krauter, T. Fernholz, B. M. Nielsen, M. Owari, M. B. Plenio, A. Serafini, M. M. Wolf, and E. S. Polzik, “Quantum memory for entangled continuous-variable states,” Nat. Phys. 7(1), 13–16 (2011).
[Crossref]

Shen, Q.

L. Zhang, L. Zhan, K. Qian, J. Liu, Q. Shen, X. Hu, and S. Luo, “Superluminal Propagation at Negative Group Velocity in Optical Fibers Based on Brillouin Lasing Oscillation,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 107(9), 093903 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Sørensen, A. S.

I. Novikova, A. V. Gorshkov, D. F. Phillips, A. S. Sørensen, M. D. Lukin, and R. L. Walsworth, “Optimal Control of Light Pulse Storage and Retrieval,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 98(24), 243602 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Specht, H. P.

H. P. Specht, C. Nölleke, A. Reiserer, M. Uphoff, E. Figueroa, S. Ritter, and G. Rempe, “A single-atom quantum memory,” Nature 473(7346), 190–193 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Steinberg, A. M.

A. M. Steinberg, P. G. Kwiat, and R. Y. Chiao, “Measurement of the single-photon tunneling time,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 71(5), 708–711 (1993).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Stenner, M. D.

M. D. Stenner, D. J. Gauthier, and M. A. Neifeld, “The speed of information in a ‘fast-light’ optical medium,” Nature 425(6959), 695–698 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Stern, A.

Y. Aharonov, B. Reznik, and A. Stern, “Quantum Limitations on Superluminal Propagation,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 81(11), 2190–2193 (1998).
[Crossref]

Tittel, W.

A. I. Lvovsky, B. C. Sanders, and W. Tittel, “Optical Quantum Memory,” Nat. Photonics 3(12), 706–714 (2009).
[Crossref]

Tsai, Z.-H.

Y.-F. Chen, Y.-C. Liu, Z.-H. Tsai, S.-H. Wang, and I. A. Yu, “Beat-note interferometer for direct phase measurement of photonic information,” Phys. Rev. A 72(3), 033812 (2005).
[Crossref]

Uphoff, M.

H. P. Specht, C. Nölleke, A. Reiserer, M. Uphoff, E. Figueroa, S. Ritter, and G. Rempe, “A single-atom quantum memory,” Nature 473(7346), 190–193 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Vo, C.

M. Lettner, M. Mücke, S. Riedl, C. Vo, C. Hahn, S. Baur, J. Bochmann, S. Ritter, S. Dürr, and G. Rempe, “Remote entanglement between a single atom and a Bose-Einstein condensate,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 106(21), 210503 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Vogl, U.

U. Vogl, R. T. Glasser, and P. D. Lett, “Advanced detection of information in optical pulses with negative group velocity,” Phys. Rev. A 86(3), 031806 (2012).
[Crossref]

Walsworth, R. L.

I. Novikova, A. V. Gorshkov, D. F. Phillips, A. S. Sørensen, M. D. Lukin, and R. L. Walsworth, “Optimal Control of Light Pulse Storage and Retrieval,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 98(24), 243602 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Wang, I.-C.

Y.-H. Chen, M.-J. Lee, I.-C. Wang, S. Du, Y.-F. Chen, Y.-C. Chen, and I. A. Yu, “Coherent optical memory with high storage efficiency and large fractional delay,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 110(8), 083601 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Wang, L. J.

A. Kuzmich, A. Dogariu, L. J. Wang, P. W. Milonni, and R. Y. Chiao, “Signal Velocity, Causality, and Quantum Noise in Superluminal Light Pulse Propagation,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86(18), 3925–3929 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

L. J. Wang, A. Kuzmich, and A. Dogariu, “Gain-assisted superluminal light propagation,” Nature 406(6793), 277–279 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Wang, S.-H.

Y.-F. Chen, Y.-C. Liu, Z.-H. Tsai, S.-H. Wang, and I. A. Yu, “Beat-note interferometer for direct phase measurement of photonic information,” Phys. Rev. A 72(3), 033812 (2005).
[Crossref]

Wasilewski, W.

K. Jensen, W. Wasilewski, H. Krauter, T. Fernholz, B. M. Nielsen, M. Owari, M. B. Plenio, A. Serafini, M. M. Wolf, and E. S. Polzik, “Quantum memory for entangled continuous-variable states,” Nat. Phys. 7(1), 13–16 (2011).
[Crossref]

Wen, J.

Wolf, M. M.

K. Jensen, W. Wasilewski, H. Krauter, T. Fernholz, B. M. Nielsen, M. Owari, M. B. Plenio, A. Serafini, M. M. Wolf, and E. S. Polzik, “Quantum memory for entangled continuous-variable states,” Nat. Phys. 7(1), 13–16 (2011).
[Crossref]

Wong, G. K. L.

Yang, Z.

Z. Yang, “Physical mechanism and information velocity of fast light: A time-domain analysis,” Phys. Rev. A 87(2), 023801 (2013).
[Crossref]

Yu, I. A.

Y.-H. Chen, M.-J. Lee, I.-C. Wang, S. Du, Y.-F. Chen, Y.-C. Chen, and I. A. Yu, “Coherent optical memory with high storage efficiency and large fractional delay,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 110(8), 083601 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Y.-F. Chen, Y.-C. Liu, Z.-H. Tsai, S.-H. Wang, and I. A. Yu, “Beat-note interferometer for direct phase measurement of photonic information,” Phys. Rev. A 72(3), 033812 (2005).
[Crossref]

Zhan, L.

L. Zhang, L. Zhan, K. Qian, J. Liu, Q. Shen, X. Hu, and S. Luo, “Superluminal Propagation at Negative Group Velocity in Optical Fibers Based on Brillouin Lasing Oscillation,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 107(9), 093903 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Zhang, L.

L. Zhang, L. Zhan, K. Qian, J. Liu, Q. Shen, X. Hu, and S. Luo, “Superluminal Propagation at Negative Group Velocity in Optical Fibers Based on Brillouin Lasing Oscillation,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 107(9), 093903 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Zhang, S.

Zhou, S.

J. Mod. Opt. (2)

G. S. Agarwal and T. Nath Dey, “Causality in propagation of a pulse in a nonlinear dispersive medium,” J. Mod. Opt. 52(10), 1449–1456 (2005).
[Crossref]

R. W. Boyd and P. Narum, “Slow- and fast-light: fundamental limitations,” J. Mod. Opt. 54(16-17), 2403–2411 (2007).
[Crossref]

Nat. Photonics (1)

A. I. Lvovsky, B. C. Sanders, and W. Tittel, “Optical Quantum Memory,” Nat. Photonics 3(12), 706–714 (2009).
[Crossref]

Nat. Phys. (1)

K. Jensen, W. Wasilewski, H. Krauter, T. Fernholz, B. M. Nielsen, M. Owari, M. B. Plenio, A. Serafini, M. M. Wolf, and E. S. Polzik, “Quantum memory for entangled continuous-variable states,” Nat. Phys. 7(1), 13–16 (2011).
[Crossref]

Nature (6)

H. P. Specht, C. Nölleke, A. Reiserer, M. Uphoff, E. Figueroa, S. Ritter, and G. Rempe, “A single-atom quantum memory,” Nature 473(7346), 190–193 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. Liu, Z. Dutton, C. H. Behroozi, and L. V. Hau, “Observation of coherent optical information storage in an atomic medium using halted light pulses,” Nature 409(6819), 490–493 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. M. Marino, R. C. Pooser, V. Boyer, and P. D. Lett, “Tunable delay of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entanglement,” Nature 457(7231), 859–862 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

L. J. Wang, A. Kuzmich, and A. Dogariu, “Gain-assisted superluminal light propagation,” Nature 406(6793), 277–279 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. D. Stenner, D. J. Gauthier, and M. A. Neifeld, “The speed of information in a ‘fast-light’ optical medium,” Nature 425(6959), 695–698 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

K. S. Choi, H. Deng, J. Laurat, and H. J. Kimble, “Mapping photonic entanglement into and out of a quantum memory,” Nature 452(7183), 67–71 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Opt. Express (2)

Phys. Rev. A (6)

K. Kim, H. S. Moon, C. Lee, S. K. Kim, and J. B. Kim, “Observation of arbitrary group velocities of light from superluminal to subluminal on a single atomic transition line,” Phys. Rev. A 68(1), 013810 (2003).
[Crossref]

Y.-W. Cho and Y.-H. Kim, “Storage and retrieval of thermal light in warm atomic vapor,” Phys. Rev. A 82(3), 033830 (2010).
[Crossref]

A. M. Akulshin, S. Barreiro, and A. Lezama, “Electromagnetically induced absorption and transparency due to resonant two-field excitation of quasidegenerate levels in Rb vapor,” Phys. Rev. A 57(4), 2996–3002 (1998).
[Crossref]

U. Vogl, R. T. Glasser, and P. D. Lett, “Advanced detection of information in optical pulses with negative group velocity,” Phys. Rev. A 86(3), 031806 (2012).
[Crossref]

Z. Yang, “Physical mechanism and information velocity of fast light: A time-domain analysis,” Phys. Rev. A 87(2), 023801 (2013).
[Crossref]

Y.-F. Chen, Y.-C. Liu, Z.-H. Tsai, S.-H. Wang, and I. A. Yu, “Beat-note interferometer for direct phase measurement of photonic information,” Phys. Rev. A 72(3), 033812 (2005).
[Crossref]

Phys. Rev. Lett. (10)

M. Lettner, M. Mücke, S. Riedl, C. Vo, C. Hahn, S. Baur, J. Bochmann, S. Ritter, S. Dürr, and G. Rempe, “Remote entanglement between a single atom and a Bose-Einstein condensate,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 106(21), 210503 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

K. J. Boller, A. Imamolu, and S. E. Harris, “Observation of electromagnetically induced transparency,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 66(20), 2593–2596 (1991).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

I. Novikova, A. V. Gorshkov, D. F. Phillips, A. S. Sørensen, M. D. Lukin, and R. L. Walsworth, “Optimal Control of Light Pulse Storage and Retrieval,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 98(24), 243602 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Appel, E. Figueroa, D. Korystov, M. Lobino, and A. I. Lvovsky, “Quantum Memory for Squeezed Light,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 100(9), 093602 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Y.-H. Chen, M.-J. Lee, I.-C. Wang, S. Du, Y.-F. Chen, Y.-C. Chen, and I. A. Yu, “Coherent optical memory with high storage efficiency and large fractional delay,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 110(8), 083601 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. M. Steinberg, P. G. Kwiat, and R. Y. Chiao, “Measurement of the single-photon tunneling time,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 71(5), 708–711 (1993).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Y. Aharonov, B. Reznik, and A. Stern, “Quantum Limitations on Superluminal Propagation,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 81(11), 2190–2193 (1998).
[Crossref]

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[Crossref] [PubMed]

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[Crossref]

Science (2)

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[Crossref] [PubMed]

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[Crossref] [PubMed]

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Figures (5)

Fig. 1
Fig. 1 (a) Energy level diagram of the Zeeman sublevels of the 5S1/2 (Fg = 2)–5P3/2 (Fe = 3) transition of the 87Rb atom. (b) Experimental setup for the phase measurement of the fast light probe pulse in the EIA medium.

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Fig. 2
Fig. 2 (a) EIA spectrum of the 5S1/2 (F = 2)–5P3/2 (F′ = 3) transition of 87Rb in the pure Rb vapor cell. (b) The reference pulse (black solid curve) and the fast light pulse (red solid curve) under the conditions in (a).

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3 Signals of the beat-note interferometer of the CW-reference light (black solid curve) in free-space and the CW-probe light (red solid curve) passing through the on-resonance EIA medium.

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Fig. 4
Fig. 4 (a) Measured phases of the reference (gray solid curve) and fast light (red solid curve) pulses using beat-note interference. (b) The magnified beating signals at the front (upper) and posterior (lower) of both pulses.

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Fig. 5
Fig. 5 (a) Advancement of the fast light pulse and (b) estimation of the classical fidelity as function of the temperature of the Rb vapor cell.

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Equations (1)

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| ∫ E R * (t− t d ) E EIA (t)dt | 2 ∫ | E R (t) | 2 dt    ∫ | E EIA (t) | 2 dt    ,

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