Abstract

A new thin-film solar cell structure with a broadband absorption enhancement is proposed. The active a-Si:H film is sandwiched by two periodic pyramidal structured layers. The upper dielectric pyramidal layer acts as matching impedance by gradual change of the effective refractive index to enhance the absorption of the active layer in the short wavelength range. The lower metallic pyramidal layer traps light by the excitation of Fabry–Perot (FP) resonance, waveguide (WG) resonance and surface plasmon (SP) mode to enhance the absorption in the long wavelength range. With the cooperation of the two functional layers, a broadband absorption enhancement is realized. The structure parameters are designed by the cavity resonance theory, which shows that the results are accordant with the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation. By optimizing, the absorption of the sandwich structure is enhanced up to 48% under AM1.5G illumination in the 350–900 nm wavelength range compared to that of bare thin-film solar cells.

©2012 Optical Society of America

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  1. J. Zhu, Z. Yu, G. F. Burkhard, C. M. Hsu, S. T. Connor, Y. Xu, Q. Wang, M. McGehee, S. Fan, and Y. Cui, “Optical absorption enhancement in amorphous silicon nanowire and nanocone arrays,” Nano Lett. 9(1), 279–282 (2009).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
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  3. J. N. Munday and H. A. Atwater, “Large integrated absorption enhancement in plasmonic solar cells by combining metallic gratings and antireflection coatings,” Nano Lett. 10, 000-000 (2010).
    [PubMed]
  4. S. Chhajed, M. F. Schubert, J. K. Kim, and E. F. Schubert, “Nanostructured multilayer graded-index antireflection coatings for Si solar cell with broadband and omnidirectional characteristics,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 93(25), 251108 (2008).
    [Crossref]
  5. B. M. Kayes, H. A. Atwater, and N. S. Lewis, “Comparison of the device physics principles of planar and radial pn junction nanorod solar cells,” J. Appl. Phys. 97(11), 114302 (2005).
    [Crossref]
  6. B. Tian, X. Zheng, T. J. Kempa, Y. Fang, N. Yu, G. Yu, J. Huang, and C. M. Lieber, “Coaxial silicon nanowires as solar cells and nanoelectronic power sources,” Nature 449(7164), 885–889 (2007).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  7. F. C. Chen, J. L. Wu, C. L. Lee, Y. Hong, C. H. Kuo, and M. H. Huang, “Plasmonic-enhanced polymer photovoltaic devices incorporating solution-processable metal nanoparticles,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 95(1), 013305 (2009).
    [Crossref]
  8. M. Schmid, R. Klenk, M. Ch. Lux-Steiner, M. Topic, and J. Krc, “Modeling plasmonic scattering combined with thin-film optics,” Nanotechnology 22(2), 025204 (2011).
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    [Crossref]
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    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  12. L. Qiao, D. Wang, L. Zuo, Y. Ye, J. Qian, H. Chen, and S. He, “Localized surface plasmon resonance enhanced organic solar cell with gold nanospheres,” Appl. Energy 88(3), 848–852 (2011).
    [Crossref]
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    [Crossref] [PubMed]
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    [Crossref]
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    [Crossref]
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    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  17. H. Shen, P. Bienstman, and B. Maes, “Plasmonic absorption enhancement in organic solar cells with thin active layers,” J. Appl. Phys. 106(7), 073109 (2009).
    [Crossref]
  18. V. E. Ferry, L. A. Sweatlock, D. Pacifici, and H. A. Atwater, “Plasmonic nanostructure design for efficient light coupling into solar cells,” Nano Lett. 8(12), 4391–4397 (2008).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  19. V. E. Ferry, M. A. Verschuuren, H. B. T. Li, R. E. I. Schropp, H. A. Atwater, and A. Polman, “Improved red-response in thin film a-Si: H solar cells with soft-imprinted plasmonic back reflectors,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 95(18), 183503 (2009).
    [Crossref]
  20. A. Abass, H. Shen, P. Bienstman, and B. Maes, “Angle insensitive enhancement of organic solar cells using metallic gratings,” J. Appl. Phys. 109(2), 023111 (2011).
    [Crossref]
  21. J. Zhu, C. M. Hsu, Z. Yu, S. Fan, and Y. Cui, “Nanodome solar cells with efficient light management and self-cleaning,” Nano Lett. 10(6), 1979–1984 (2010).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
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    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  24. C. M. Hsu, S. T. Connor, M. X. Tang, and Y. Cui, “Wafer-scale silicon nanopillars and nanocones by Langmuir-Blodgett assembly and etching,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 93(13), 133109 (2008).
    [Crossref]

2011 (6)

M. Schmid, R. Klenk, M. Ch. Lux-Steiner, M. Topic, and J. Krc, “Modeling plasmonic scattering combined with thin-film optics,” Nanotechnology 22(2), 025204 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

L. Xia, H. Gao, H. Shi, X. Dong, and C. Du, “A Wideband Absorption Enhancement for P3HT: PCBM Addressing by Silver Nanosphere Array,” J. Comput. Theor. Nanosci. 8(1), 27–30 (2011).
[Crossref]

L. Qiao, D. Wang, L. Zuo, Y. Ye, J. Qian, H. Chen, and S. He, “Localized surface plasmon resonance enhanced organic solar cell with gold nanospheres,” Appl. Energy 88(3), 848–852 (2011).
[Crossref]

A. Abass, H. Shen, P. Bienstman, and B. Maes, “Angle insensitive enhancement of organic solar cells using metallic gratings,” J. Appl. Phys. 109(2), 023111 (2011).
[Crossref]

N. N. Lal, B. F. Soares, J. K. Sinha, F. Huang, S. Mahajan, P. N. Bartlett, N. C. Greenham, and J. J. Baumberg, “Enhancing solar cells with localized plasmons in nanovoids,” Opt. Express 19(12), 11256–11263 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. A. Sefunc, A. K. Okyay, and H. V. Demir, “Plasmonic backcontact grating for P3HT: PCBM organic solar cells enabling strong optical absorption increased in all polarizations,” Opt. Express 19(15), 14200–14209 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2010 (5)

J. Y. Lee and P. Peumans, “The origin of enhanced optical absorption in solar cells with metal nanoparticles embedded in the active layer,” Opt. Express 18(10), 10078–10087 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Zhu, C. M. Hsu, Z. Yu, S. Fan, and Y. Cui, “Nanodome solar cells with efficient light management and self-cleaning,” Nano Lett. 10(6), 1979–1984 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. Min, J. Li, G. Veronis, J. Y. Lee, S. Fan, and P. Peumans, “Enhancement of optical absorption in thin-film organic solar cells through the excitation of plasmonic modes in metallic gratings,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 96(13), 133302 (2010).
[Crossref]

W. Wang, S. Wu, K. Reinhardt, Y. Lu, and S. Chen, “Broadband light absorption enhancement in thin-film silicon solar cells,” Nano Lett. 10(6), 2012–2018 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. N. Munday and H. A. Atwater, “Large integrated absorption enhancement in plasmonic solar cells by combining metallic gratings and antireflection coatings,” Nano Lett. 10, 000-000 (2010).
[PubMed]

2009 (5)

R. A. Pala, J. White, E. Barnard, J. Liu, and M. L. Brongersma, “Design of Plasmonic Thin film Solar Cells with Broadband Absorption Enhancements,” Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.) 21(34), 3504–3509 (2009).
[Crossref]

H. Shen, P. Bienstman, and B. Maes, “Plasmonic absorption enhancement in organic solar cells with thin active layers,” J. Appl. Phys. 106(7), 073109 (2009).
[Crossref]

J. Zhu, Z. Yu, G. F. Burkhard, C. M. Hsu, S. T. Connor, Y. Xu, Q. Wang, M. McGehee, S. Fan, and Y. Cui, “Optical absorption enhancement in amorphous silicon nanowire and nanocone arrays,” Nano Lett. 9(1), 279–282 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

F. C. Chen, J. L. Wu, C. L. Lee, Y. Hong, C. H. Kuo, and M. H. Huang, “Plasmonic-enhanced polymer photovoltaic devices incorporating solution-processable metal nanoparticles,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 95(1), 013305 (2009).
[Crossref]

V. E. Ferry, M. A. Verschuuren, H. B. T. Li, R. E. I. Schropp, H. A. Atwater, and A. Polman, “Improved red-response in thin film a-Si: H solar cells with soft-imprinted plasmonic back reflectors,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 95(18), 183503 (2009).
[Crossref]

2008 (4)

T. I. Kim, J. H. Kim, S. J. Son, and S. M. Seo, “Gold nanocones fabricated by nanotransfer printing and their application for field emission,” Nanotechnology 19(29), 295302 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. M. Hsu, S. T. Connor, M. X. Tang, and Y. Cui, “Wafer-scale silicon nanopillars and nanocones by Langmuir-Blodgett assembly and etching,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 93(13), 133109 (2008).
[Crossref]

V. E. Ferry, L. A. Sweatlock, D. Pacifici, and H. A. Atwater, “Plasmonic nanostructure design for efficient light coupling into solar cells,” Nano Lett. 8(12), 4391–4397 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Chhajed, M. F. Schubert, J. K. Kim, and E. F. Schubert, “Nanostructured multilayer graded-index antireflection coatings for Si solar cell with broadband and omnidirectional characteristics,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 93(25), 251108 (2008).
[Crossref]

2007 (1)

B. Tian, X. Zheng, T. J. Kempa, Y. Fang, N. Yu, G. Yu, J. Huang, and C. M. Lieber, “Coaxial silicon nanowires as solar cells and nanoelectronic power sources,” Nature 449(7164), 885–889 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2005 (1)

B. M. Kayes, H. A. Atwater, and N. S. Lewis, “Comparison of the device physics principles of planar and radial pn junction nanorod solar cells,” J. Appl. Phys. 97(11), 114302 (2005).
[Crossref]

Abass, A.

A. Abass, H. Shen, P. Bienstman, and B. Maes, “Angle insensitive enhancement of organic solar cells using metallic gratings,” J. Appl. Phys. 109(2), 023111 (2011).
[Crossref]

Atwater, H. A.

J. N. Munday and H. A. Atwater, “Large integrated absorption enhancement in plasmonic solar cells by combining metallic gratings and antireflection coatings,” Nano Lett. 10, 000-000 (2010).
[PubMed]

V. E. Ferry, M. A. Verschuuren, H. B. T. Li, R. E. I. Schropp, H. A. Atwater, and A. Polman, “Improved red-response in thin film a-Si: H solar cells with soft-imprinted plasmonic back reflectors,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 95(18), 183503 (2009).
[Crossref]

V. E. Ferry, L. A. Sweatlock, D. Pacifici, and H. A. Atwater, “Plasmonic nanostructure design for efficient light coupling into solar cells,” Nano Lett. 8(12), 4391–4397 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

B. M. Kayes, H. A. Atwater, and N. S. Lewis, “Comparison of the device physics principles of planar and radial pn junction nanorod solar cells,” J. Appl. Phys. 97(11), 114302 (2005).
[Crossref]

Barnard, E.

R. A. Pala, J. White, E. Barnard, J. Liu, and M. L. Brongersma, “Design of Plasmonic Thin film Solar Cells with Broadband Absorption Enhancements,” Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.) 21(34), 3504–3509 (2009).
[Crossref]

Bartlett, P. N.

Baumberg, J. J.

Bienstman, P.

A. Abass, H. Shen, P. Bienstman, and B. Maes, “Angle insensitive enhancement of organic solar cells using metallic gratings,” J. Appl. Phys. 109(2), 023111 (2011).
[Crossref]

H. Shen, P. Bienstman, and B. Maes, “Plasmonic absorption enhancement in organic solar cells with thin active layers,” J. Appl. Phys. 106(7), 073109 (2009).
[Crossref]

Brongersma, M. L.

R. A. Pala, J. White, E. Barnard, J. Liu, and M. L. Brongersma, “Design of Plasmonic Thin film Solar Cells with Broadband Absorption Enhancements,” Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.) 21(34), 3504–3509 (2009).
[Crossref]

Burkhard, G. F.

J. Zhu, Z. Yu, G. F. Burkhard, C. M. Hsu, S. T. Connor, Y. Xu, Q. Wang, M. McGehee, S. Fan, and Y. Cui, “Optical absorption enhancement in amorphous silicon nanowire and nanocone arrays,” Nano Lett. 9(1), 279–282 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Chen, F. C.

F. C. Chen, J. L. Wu, C. L. Lee, Y. Hong, C. H. Kuo, and M. H. Huang, “Plasmonic-enhanced polymer photovoltaic devices incorporating solution-processable metal nanoparticles,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 95(1), 013305 (2009).
[Crossref]

Chen, H.

L. Qiao, D. Wang, L. Zuo, Y. Ye, J. Qian, H. Chen, and S. He, “Localized surface plasmon resonance enhanced organic solar cell with gold nanospheres,” Appl. Energy 88(3), 848–852 (2011).
[Crossref]

Chen, S.

W. Wang, S. Wu, K. Reinhardt, Y. Lu, and S. Chen, “Broadband light absorption enhancement in thin-film silicon solar cells,” Nano Lett. 10(6), 2012–2018 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Chhajed, S.

S. Chhajed, M. F. Schubert, J. K. Kim, and E. F. Schubert, “Nanostructured multilayer graded-index antireflection coatings for Si solar cell with broadband and omnidirectional characteristics,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 93(25), 251108 (2008).
[Crossref]

Connor, S. T.

J. Zhu, Z. Yu, G. F. Burkhard, C. M. Hsu, S. T. Connor, Y. Xu, Q. Wang, M. McGehee, S. Fan, and Y. Cui, “Optical absorption enhancement in amorphous silicon nanowire and nanocone arrays,” Nano Lett. 9(1), 279–282 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. M. Hsu, S. T. Connor, M. X. Tang, and Y. Cui, “Wafer-scale silicon nanopillars and nanocones by Langmuir-Blodgett assembly and etching,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 93(13), 133109 (2008).
[Crossref]

Cui, Y.

J. Zhu, C. M. Hsu, Z. Yu, S. Fan, and Y. Cui, “Nanodome solar cells with efficient light management and self-cleaning,” Nano Lett. 10(6), 1979–1984 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Zhu, Z. Yu, G. F. Burkhard, C. M. Hsu, S. T. Connor, Y. Xu, Q. Wang, M. McGehee, S. Fan, and Y. Cui, “Optical absorption enhancement in amorphous silicon nanowire and nanocone arrays,” Nano Lett. 9(1), 279–282 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. M. Hsu, S. T. Connor, M. X. Tang, and Y. Cui, “Wafer-scale silicon nanopillars and nanocones by Langmuir-Blodgett assembly and etching,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 93(13), 133109 (2008).
[Crossref]

Demir, H. V.

Dong, X.

L. Xia, H. Gao, H. Shi, X. Dong, and C. Du, “A Wideband Absorption Enhancement for P3HT: PCBM Addressing by Silver Nanosphere Array,” J. Comput. Theor. Nanosci. 8(1), 27–30 (2011).
[Crossref]

Du, C.

L. Xia, H. Gao, H. Shi, X. Dong, and C. Du, “A Wideband Absorption Enhancement for P3HT: PCBM Addressing by Silver Nanosphere Array,” J. Comput. Theor. Nanosci. 8(1), 27–30 (2011).
[Crossref]

Fan, S.

C. Min, J. Li, G. Veronis, J. Y. Lee, S. Fan, and P. Peumans, “Enhancement of optical absorption in thin-film organic solar cells through the excitation of plasmonic modes in metallic gratings,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 96(13), 133302 (2010).
[Crossref]

J. Zhu, C. M. Hsu, Z. Yu, S. Fan, and Y. Cui, “Nanodome solar cells with efficient light management and self-cleaning,” Nano Lett. 10(6), 1979–1984 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Zhu, Z. Yu, G. F. Burkhard, C. M. Hsu, S. T. Connor, Y. Xu, Q. Wang, M. McGehee, S. Fan, and Y. Cui, “Optical absorption enhancement in amorphous silicon nanowire and nanocone arrays,” Nano Lett. 9(1), 279–282 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Fang, Y.

B. Tian, X. Zheng, T. J. Kempa, Y. Fang, N. Yu, G. Yu, J. Huang, and C. M. Lieber, “Coaxial silicon nanowires as solar cells and nanoelectronic power sources,” Nature 449(7164), 885–889 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Ferry, V. E.

V. E. Ferry, M. A. Verschuuren, H. B. T. Li, R. E. I. Schropp, H. A. Atwater, and A. Polman, “Improved red-response in thin film a-Si: H solar cells with soft-imprinted plasmonic back reflectors,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 95(18), 183503 (2009).
[Crossref]

V. E. Ferry, L. A. Sweatlock, D. Pacifici, and H. A. Atwater, “Plasmonic nanostructure design for efficient light coupling into solar cells,” Nano Lett. 8(12), 4391–4397 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Gao, H.

L. Xia, H. Gao, H. Shi, X. Dong, and C. Du, “A Wideband Absorption Enhancement for P3HT: PCBM Addressing by Silver Nanosphere Array,” J. Comput. Theor. Nanosci. 8(1), 27–30 (2011).
[Crossref]

Greenham, N. C.

He, S.

L. Qiao, D. Wang, L. Zuo, Y. Ye, J. Qian, H. Chen, and S. He, “Localized surface plasmon resonance enhanced organic solar cell with gold nanospheres,” Appl. Energy 88(3), 848–852 (2011).
[Crossref]

Hong, Y.

F. C. Chen, J. L. Wu, C. L. Lee, Y. Hong, C. H. Kuo, and M. H. Huang, “Plasmonic-enhanced polymer photovoltaic devices incorporating solution-processable metal nanoparticles,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 95(1), 013305 (2009).
[Crossref]

Hsu, C. M.

J. Zhu, C. M. Hsu, Z. Yu, S. Fan, and Y. Cui, “Nanodome solar cells with efficient light management and self-cleaning,” Nano Lett. 10(6), 1979–1984 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Zhu, Z. Yu, G. F. Burkhard, C. M. Hsu, S. T. Connor, Y. Xu, Q. Wang, M. McGehee, S. Fan, and Y. Cui, “Optical absorption enhancement in amorphous silicon nanowire and nanocone arrays,” Nano Lett. 9(1), 279–282 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. M. Hsu, S. T. Connor, M. X. Tang, and Y. Cui, “Wafer-scale silicon nanopillars and nanocones by Langmuir-Blodgett assembly and etching,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 93(13), 133109 (2008).
[Crossref]

Huang, F.

Huang, J.

B. Tian, X. Zheng, T. J. Kempa, Y. Fang, N. Yu, G. Yu, J. Huang, and C. M. Lieber, “Coaxial silicon nanowires as solar cells and nanoelectronic power sources,” Nature 449(7164), 885–889 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Huang, M. H.

F. C. Chen, J. L. Wu, C. L. Lee, Y. Hong, C. H. Kuo, and M. H. Huang, “Plasmonic-enhanced polymer photovoltaic devices incorporating solution-processable metal nanoparticles,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 95(1), 013305 (2009).
[Crossref]

Kayes, B. M.

B. M. Kayes, H. A. Atwater, and N. S. Lewis, “Comparison of the device physics principles of planar and radial pn junction nanorod solar cells,” J. Appl. Phys. 97(11), 114302 (2005).
[Crossref]

Kempa, T. J.

B. Tian, X. Zheng, T. J. Kempa, Y. Fang, N. Yu, G. Yu, J. Huang, and C. M. Lieber, “Coaxial silicon nanowires as solar cells and nanoelectronic power sources,” Nature 449(7164), 885–889 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Kim, J. H.

T. I. Kim, J. H. Kim, S. J. Son, and S. M. Seo, “Gold nanocones fabricated by nanotransfer printing and their application for field emission,” Nanotechnology 19(29), 295302 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Kim, J. K.

S. Chhajed, M. F. Schubert, J. K. Kim, and E. F. Schubert, “Nanostructured multilayer graded-index antireflection coatings for Si solar cell with broadband and omnidirectional characteristics,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 93(25), 251108 (2008).
[Crossref]

Kim, T. I.

T. I. Kim, J. H. Kim, S. J. Son, and S. M. Seo, “Gold nanocones fabricated by nanotransfer printing and their application for field emission,” Nanotechnology 19(29), 295302 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Klenk, R.

M. Schmid, R. Klenk, M. Ch. Lux-Steiner, M. Topic, and J. Krc, “Modeling plasmonic scattering combined with thin-film optics,” Nanotechnology 22(2), 025204 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Krc, J.

M. Schmid, R. Klenk, M. Ch. Lux-Steiner, M. Topic, and J. Krc, “Modeling plasmonic scattering combined with thin-film optics,” Nanotechnology 22(2), 025204 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Kuo, C. H.

F. C. Chen, J. L. Wu, C. L. Lee, Y. Hong, C. H. Kuo, and M. H. Huang, “Plasmonic-enhanced polymer photovoltaic devices incorporating solution-processable metal nanoparticles,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 95(1), 013305 (2009).
[Crossref]

Lal, N. N.

Lee, C. L.

F. C. Chen, J. L. Wu, C. L. Lee, Y. Hong, C. H. Kuo, and M. H. Huang, “Plasmonic-enhanced polymer photovoltaic devices incorporating solution-processable metal nanoparticles,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 95(1), 013305 (2009).
[Crossref]

Lee, J. Y.

C. Min, J. Li, G. Veronis, J. Y. Lee, S. Fan, and P. Peumans, “Enhancement of optical absorption in thin-film organic solar cells through the excitation of plasmonic modes in metallic gratings,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 96(13), 133302 (2010).
[Crossref]

J. Y. Lee and P. Peumans, “The origin of enhanced optical absorption in solar cells with metal nanoparticles embedded in the active layer,” Opt. Express 18(10), 10078–10087 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Lewis, N. S.

B. M. Kayes, H. A. Atwater, and N. S. Lewis, “Comparison of the device physics principles of planar and radial pn junction nanorod solar cells,” J. Appl. Phys. 97(11), 114302 (2005).
[Crossref]

Li, H. B. T.

V. E. Ferry, M. A. Verschuuren, H. B. T. Li, R. E. I. Schropp, H. A. Atwater, and A. Polman, “Improved red-response in thin film a-Si: H solar cells with soft-imprinted plasmonic back reflectors,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 95(18), 183503 (2009).
[Crossref]

Li, J.

C. Min, J. Li, G. Veronis, J. Y. Lee, S. Fan, and P. Peumans, “Enhancement of optical absorption in thin-film organic solar cells through the excitation of plasmonic modes in metallic gratings,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 96(13), 133302 (2010).
[Crossref]

Lieber, C. M.

B. Tian, X. Zheng, T. J. Kempa, Y. Fang, N. Yu, G. Yu, J. Huang, and C. M. Lieber, “Coaxial silicon nanowires as solar cells and nanoelectronic power sources,” Nature 449(7164), 885–889 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Liu, J.

R. A. Pala, J. White, E. Barnard, J. Liu, and M. L. Brongersma, “Design of Plasmonic Thin film Solar Cells with Broadband Absorption Enhancements,” Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.) 21(34), 3504–3509 (2009).
[Crossref]

Lu, Y.

W. Wang, S. Wu, K. Reinhardt, Y. Lu, and S. Chen, “Broadband light absorption enhancement in thin-film silicon solar cells,” Nano Lett. 10(6), 2012–2018 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Lux-Steiner, M. Ch.

M. Schmid, R. Klenk, M. Ch. Lux-Steiner, M. Topic, and J. Krc, “Modeling plasmonic scattering combined with thin-film optics,” Nanotechnology 22(2), 025204 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Maes, B.

A. Abass, H. Shen, P. Bienstman, and B. Maes, “Angle insensitive enhancement of organic solar cells using metallic gratings,” J. Appl. Phys. 109(2), 023111 (2011).
[Crossref]

H. Shen, P. Bienstman, and B. Maes, “Plasmonic absorption enhancement in organic solar cells with thin active layers,” J. Appl. Phys. 106(7), 073109 (2009).
[Crossref]

Mahajan, S.

McGehee, M.

J. Zhu, Z. Yu, G. F. Burkhard, C. M. Hsu, S. T. Connor, Y. Xu, Q. Wang, M. McGehee, S. Fan, and Y. Cui, “Optical absorption enhancement in amorphous silicon nanowire and nanocone arrays,” Nano Lett. 9(1), 279–282 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Min, C.

C. Min, J. Li, G. Veronis, J. Y. Lee, S. Fan, and P. Peumans, “Enhancement of optical absorption in thin-film organic solar cells through the excitation of plasmonic modes in metallic gratings,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 96(13), 133302 (2010).
[Crossref]

Munday, J. N.

J. N. Munday and H. A. Atwater, “Large integrated absorption enhancement in plasmonic solar cells by combining metallic gratings and antireflection coatings,” Nano Lett. 10, 000-000 (2010).
[PubMed]

Okyay, A. K.

Pacifici, D.

V. E. Ferry, L. A. Sweatlock, D. Pacifici, and H. A. Atwater, “Plasmonic nanostructure design for efficient light coupling into solar cells,” Nano Lett. 8(12), 4391–4397 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Pala, R. A.

R. A. Pala, J. White, E. Barnard, J. Liu, and M. L. Brongersma, “Design of Plasmonic Thin film Solar Cells with Broadband Absorption Enhancements,” Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.) 21(34), 3504–3509 (2009).
[Crossref]

Peumans, P.

C. Min, J. Li, G. Veronis, J. Y. Lee, S. Fan, and P. Peumans, “Enhancement of optical absorption in thin-film organic solar cells through the excitation of plasmonic modes in metallic gratings,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 96(13), 133302 (2010).
[Crossref]

J. Y. Lee and P. Peumans, “The origin of enhanced optical absorption in solar cells with metal nanoparticles embedded in the active layer,” Opt. Express 18(10), 10078–10087 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Polman, A.

V. E. Ferry, M. A. Verschuuren, H. B. T. Li, R. E. I. Schropp, H. A. Atwater, and A. Polman, “Improved red-response in thin film a-Si: H solar cells with soft-imprinted plasmonic back reflectors,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 95(18), 183503 (2009).
[Crossref]

Qian, J.

L. Qiao, D. Wang, L. Zuo, Y. Ye, J. Qian, H. Chen, and S. He, “Localized surface plasmon resonance enhanced organic solar cell with gold nanospheres,” Appl. Energy 88(3), 848–852 (2011).
[Crossref]

Qiao, L.

L. Qiao, D. Wang, L. Zuo, Y. Ye, J. Qian, H. Chen, and S. He, “Localized surface plasmon resonance enhanced organic solar cell with gold nanospheres,” Appl. Energy 88(3), 848–852 (2011).
[Crossref]

Reinhardt, K.

W. Wang, S. Wu, K. Reinhardt, Y. Lu, and S. Chen, “Broadband light absorption enhancement in thin-film silicon solar cells,” Nano Lett. 10(6), 2012–2018 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Schmid, M.

M. Schmid, R. Klenk, M. Ch. Lux-Steiner, M. Topic, and J. Krc, “Modeling plasmonic scattering combined with thin-film optics,” Nanotechnology 22(2), 025204 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Schropp, R. E. I.

V. E. Ferry, M. A. Verschuuren, H. B. T. Li, R. E. I. Schropp, H. A. Atwater, and A. Polman, “Improved red-response in thin film a-Si: H solar cells with soft-imprinted plasmonic back reflectors,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 95(18), 183503 (2009).
[Crossref]

Schubert, E. F.

S. Chhajed, M. F. Schubert, J. K. Kim, and E. F. Schubert, “Nanostructured multilayer graded-index antireflection coatings for Si solar cell with broadband and omnidirectional characteristics,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 93(25), 251108 (2008).
[Crossref]

Schubert, M. F.

S. Chhajed, M. F. Schubert, J. K. Kim, and E. F. Schubert, “Nanostructured multilayer graded-index antireflection coatings for Si solar cell with broadband and omnidirectional characteristics,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 93(25), 251108 (2008).
[Crossref]

Sefunc, M. A.

Seo, S. M.

T. I. Kim, J. H. Kim, S. J. Son, and S. M. Seo, “Gold nanocones fabricated by nanotransfer printing and their application for field emission,” Nanotechnology 19(29), 295302 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Shen, H.

A. Abass, H. Shen, P. Bienstman, and B. Maes, “Angle insensitive enhancement of organic solar cells using metallic gratings,” J. Appl. Phys. 109(2), 023111 (2011).
[Crossref]

H. Shen, P. Bienstman, and B. Maes, “Plasmonic absorption enhancement in organic solar cells with thin active layers,” J. Appl. Phys. 106(7), 073109 (2009).
[Crossref]

Shi, H.

L. Xia, H. Gao, H. Shi, X. Dong, and C. Du, “A Wideband Absorption Enhancement for P3HT: PCBM Addressing by Silver Nanosphere Array,” J. Comput. Theor. Nanosci. 8(1), 27–30 (2011).
[Crossref]

Sinha, J. K.

Soares, B. F.

Son, S. J.

T. I. Kim, J. H. Kim, S. J. Son, and S. M. Seo, “Gold nanocones fabricated by nanotransfer printing and their application for field emission,” Nanotechnology 19(29), 295302 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Sweatlock, L. A.

V. E. Ferry, L. A. Sweatlock, D. Pacifici, and H. A. Atwater, “Plasmonic nanostructure design for efficient light coupling into solar cells,” Nano Lett. 8(12), 4391–4397 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Tang, M. X.

C. M. Hsu, S. T. Connor, M. X. Tang, and Y. Cui, “Wafer-scale silicon nanopillars and nanocones by Langmuir-Blodgett assembly and etching,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 93(13), 133109 (2008).
[Crossref]

Tian, B.

B. Tian, X. Zheng, T. J. Kempa, Y. Fang, N. Yu, G. Yu, J. Huang, and C. M. Lieber, “Coaxial silicon nanowires as solar cells and nanoelectronic power sources,” Nature 449(7164), 885–889 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Topic, M.

M. Schmid, R. Klenk, M. Ch. Lux-Steiner, M. Topic, and J. Krc, “Modeling plasmonic scattering combined with thin-film optics,” Nanotechnology 22(2), 025204 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Veronis, G.

C. Min, J. Li, G. Veronis, J. Y. Lee, S. Fan, and P. Peumans, “Enhancement of optical absorption in thin-film organic solar cells through the excitation of plasmonic modes in metallic gratings,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 96(13), 133302 (2010).
[Crossref]

Verschuuren, M. A.

V. E. Ferry, M. A. Verschuuren, H. B. T. Li, R. E. I. Schropp, H. A. Atwater, and A. Polman, “Improved red-response in thin film a-Si: H solar cells with soft-imprinted plasmonic back reflectors,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 95(18), 183503 (2009).
[Crossref]

Wang, D.

L. Qiao, D. Wang, L. Zuo, Y. Ye, J. Qian, H. Chen, and S. He, “Localized surface plasmon resonance enhanced organic solar cell with gold nanospheres,” Appl. Energy 88(3), 848–852 (2011).
[Crossref]

Wang, Q.

J. Zhu, Z. Yu, G. F. Burkhard, C. M. Hsu, S. T. Connor, Y. Xu, Q. Wang, M. McGehee, S. Fan, and Y. Cui, “Optical absorption enhancement in amorphous silicon nanowire and nanocone arrays,” Nano Lett. 9(1), 279–282 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Wang, W.

W. Wang, S. Wu, K. Reinhardt, Y. Lu, and S. Chen, “Broadband light absorption enhancement in thin-film silicon solar cells,” Nano Lett. 10(6), 2012–2018 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

White, J.

R. A. Pala, J. White, E. Barnard, J. Liu, and M. L. Brongersma, “Design of Plasmonic Thin film Solar Cells with Broadband Absorption Enhancements,” Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.) 21(34), 3504–3509 (2009).
[Crossref]

Wu, J. L.

F. C. Chen, J. L. Wu, C. L. Lee, Y. Hong, C. H. Kuo, and M. H. Huang, “Plasmonic-enhanced polymer photovoltaic devices incorporating solution-processable metal nanoparticles,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 95(1), 013305 (2009).
[Crossref]

Wu, S.

W. Wang, S. Wu, K. Reinhardt, Y. Lu, and S. Chen, “Broadband light absorption enhancement in thin-film silicon solar cells,” Nano Lett. 10(6), 2012–2018 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Xia, L.

L. Xia, H. Gao, H. Shi, X. Dong, and C. Du, “A Wideband Absorption Enhancement for P3HT: PCBM Addressing by Silver Nanosphere Array,” J. Comput. Theor. Nanosci. 8(1), 27–30 (2011).
[Crossref]

Xu, Y.

J. Zhu, Z. Yu, G. F. Burkhard, C. M. Hsu, S. T. Connor, Y. Xu, Q. Wang, M. McGehee, S. Fan, and Y. Cui, “Optical absorption enhancement in amorphous silicon nanowire and nanocone arrays,” Nano Lett. 9(1), 279–282 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Ye, Y.

L. Qiao, D. Wang, L. Zuo, Y. Ye, J. Qian, H. Chen, and S. He, “Localized surface plasmon resonance enhanced organic solar cell with gold nanospheres,” Appl. Energy 88(3), 848–852 (2011).
[Crossref]

Yu, G.

B. Tian, X. Zheng, T. J. Kempa, Y. Fang, N. Yu, G. Yu, J. Huang, and C. M. Lieber, “Coaxial silicon nanowires as solar cells and nanoelectronic power sources,” Nature 449(7164), 885–889 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Yu, N.

B. Tian, X. Zheng, T. J. Kempa, Y. Fang, N. Yu, G. Yu, J. Huang, and C. M. Lieber, “Coaxial silicon nanowires as solar cells and nanoelectronic power sources,” Nature 449(7164), 885–889 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Yu, Z.

J. Zhu, C. M. Hsu, Z. Yu, S. Fan, and Y. Cui, “Nanodome solar cells with efficient light management and self-cleaning,” Nano Lett. 10(6), 1979–1984 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Zhu, Z. Yu, G. F. Burkhard, C. M. Hsu, S. T. Connor, Y. Xu, Q. Wang, M. McGehee, S. Fan, and Y. Cui, “Optical absorption enhancement in amorphous silicon nanowire and nanocone arrays,” Nano Lett. 9(1), 279–282 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Zheng, X.

B. Tian, X. Zheng, T. J. Kempa, Y. Fang, N. Yu, G. Yu, J. Huang, and C. M. Lieber, “Coaxial silicon nanowires as solar cells and nanoelectronic power sources,” Nature 449(7164), 885–889 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Zhu, J.

J. Zhu, C. M. Hsu, Z. Yu, S. Fan, and Y. Cui, “Nanodome solar cells with efficient light management and self-cleaning,” Nano Lett. 10(6), 1979–1984 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Zhu, Z. Yu, G. F. Burkhard, C. M. Hsu, S. T. Connor, Y. Xu, Q. Wang, M. McGehee, S. Fan, and Y. Cui, “Optical absorption enhancement in amorphous silicon nanowire and nanocone arrays,” Nano Lett. 9(1), 279–282 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Zuo, L.

L. Qiao, D. Wang, L. Zuo, Y. Ye, J. Qian, H. Chen, and S. He, “Localized surface plasmon resonance enhanced organic solar cell with gold nanospheres,” Appl. Energy 88(3), 848–852 (2011).
[Crossref]

Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.) (1)

R. A. Pala, J. White, E. Barnard, J. Liu, and M. L. Brongersma, “Design of Plasmonic Thin film Solar Cells with Broadband Absorption Enhancements,” Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.) 21(34), 3504–3509 (2009).
[Crossref]

Appl. Energy (1)

L. Qiao, D. Wang, L. Zuo, Y. Ye, J. Qian, H. Chen, and S. He, “Localized surface plasmon resonance enhanced organic solar cell with gold nanospheres,” Appl. Energy 88(3), 848–852 (2011).
[Crossref]

Appl. Phys. Lett. (5)

C. Min, J. Li, G. Veronis, J. Y. Lee, S. Fan, and P. Peumans, “Enhancement of optical absorption in thin-film organic solar cells through the excitation of plasmonic modes in metallic gratings,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 96(13), 133302 (2010).
[Crossref]

V. E. Ferry, M. A. Verschuuren, H. B. T. Li, R. E. I. Schropp, H. A. Atwater, and A. Polman, “Improved red-response in thin film a-Si: H solar cells with soft-imprinted plasmonic back reflectors,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 95(18), 183503 (2009).
[Crossref]

S. Chhajed, M. F. Schubert, J. K. Kim, and E. F. Schubert, “Nanostructured multilayer graded-index antireflection coatings for Si solar cell with broadband and omnidirectional characteristics,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 93(25), 251108 (2008).
[Crossref]

F. C. Chen, J. L. Wu, C. L. Lee, Y. Hong, C. H. Kuo, and M. H. Huang, “Plasmonic-enhanced polymer photovoltaic devices incorporating solution-processable metal nanoparticles,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 95(1), 013305 (2009).
[Crossref]

C. M. Hsu, S. T. Connor, M. X. Tang, and Y. Cui, “Wafer-scale silicon nanopillars and nanocones by Langmuir-Blodgett assembly and etching,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 93(13), 133109 (2008).
[Crossref]

J. Appl. Phys. (3)

H. Shen, P. Bienstman, and B. Maes, “Plasmonic absorption enhancement in organic solar cells with thin active layers,” J. Appl. Phys. 106(7), 073109 (2009).
[Crossref]

B. M. Kayes, H. A. Atwater, and N. S. Lewis, “Comparison of the device physics principles of planar and radial pn junction nanorod solar cells,” J. Appl. Phys. 97(11), 114302 (2005).
[Crossref]

A. Abass, H. Shen, P. Bienstman, and B. Maes, “Angle insensitive enhancement of organic solar cells using metallic gratings,” J. Appl. Phys. 109(2), 023111 (2011).
[Crossref]

J. Comput. Theor. Nanosci. (1)

L. Xia, H. Gao, H. Shi, X. Dong, and C. Du, “A Wideband Absorption Enhancement for P3HT: PCBM Addressing by Silver Nanosphere Array,” J. Comput. Theor. Nanosci. 8(1), 27–30 (2011).
[Crossref]

Nano Lett. (5)

J. Zhu, C. M. Hsu, Z. Yu, S. Fan, and Y. Cui, “Nanodome solar cells with efficient light management and self-cleaning,” Nano Lett. 10(6), 1979–1984 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Zhu, Z. Yu, G. F. Burkhard, C. M. Hsu, S. T. Connor, Y. Xu, Q. Wang, M. McGehee, S. Fan, and Y. Cui, “Optical absorption enhancement in amorphous silicon nanowire and nanocone arrays,” Nano Lett. 9(1), 279–282 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

W. Wang, S. Wu, K. Reinhardt, Y. Lu, and S. Chen, “Broadband light absorption enhancement in thin-film silicon solar cells,” Nano Lett. 10(6), 2012–2018 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. N. Munday and H. A. Atwater, “Large integrated absorption enhancement in plasmonic solar cells by combining metallic gratings and antireflection coatings,” Nano Lett. 10, 000-000 (2010).
[PubMed]

V. E. Ferry, L. A. Sweatlock, D. Pacifici, and H. A. Atwater, “Plasmonic nanostructure design for efficient light coupling into solar cells,” Nano Lett. 8(12), 4391–4397 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Nanotechnology (2)

M. Schmid, R. Klenk, M. Ch. Lux-Steiner, M. Topic, and J. Krc, “Modeling plasmonic scattering combined with thin-film optics,” Nanotechnology 22(2), 025204 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. I. Kim, J. H. Kim, S. J. Son, and S. M. Seo, “Gold nanocones fabricated by nanotransfer printing and their application for field emission,” Nanotechnology 19(29), 295302 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Nature (1)

B. Tian, X. Zheng, T. J. Kempa, Y. Fang, N. Yu, G. Yu, J. Huang, and C. M. Lieber, “Coaxial silicon nanowires as solar cells and nanoelectronic power sources,” Nature 449(7164), 885–889 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Opt. Express (3)

Other (2)

W. S. Koh, Y. Akimov, Y. Li, M. S. Soh, W. P. Goh, and H. S. Chu, “Optical Enhancement with Plasmonic Nanoparticles in Organic Bulk-Heterojunction Solar Cells,” Optical Society of America (2010).

E. D. Palik and G. Ghosh, Handbook of optical constants of solids (Academic Press, 1985).

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Figures (4)

Fig. 1
Fig. 1 Schematic of the sandwich pyramid structure divided into two parts. The first part is the impedance-matching structure and the second part is the light-trapping structure.

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Fig. 2
Fig. 2 (a) Real and imaginary part of the a-Si:H refractive index. (b) Effective refractive index profiles along the perpendicular direction in the impedance-matching structure. Inset: cross-sectional view of the impedance-matching structure. (c) Absorption spectra with a series of P1’/P2’ in the impedance-matching structure compared to bare a-Si:H thin-film cells.

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3 (a) Absorption spectra with varying the thickness of the a-Si:H film and illumination conditions in the light-trapping structure when W4’ = P4’ = 310 nm and h4’ = 120 nm are fixed. (b) Absorption spectra with varying P4’ and illumination conditions in the light-trapping structure when W4’ = P4’, h3’ = 83.33 nm and the shape of the Ag pyramids h4’/P4’ = 12/31 are fixed. (c) Absorption spectrum of the light-trapping structure with the optimum structure parameters (red line) compared to bare a-Si:H thin-film cells (black line). Inset: cross-sectional view of the light-trapping structure. (d) Electric field distribution on a logarithmic scale in the light-trapping structure at the absorption peak C.

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Fig. 4
Fig. 4 (a) A 3D conceptual schematic of the sandwich pyramid structure. Inset: cross-sectional view of the sandwich pyramid structure. (b) Absorption spectrum of the sandwich pyramid structure, the impedance-matching structure and the light-trapping structure compared to bare a-Si:H thin-film cells.

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Equations (4)

Equations on this page are rendered with MathJax. Learn more.

N eff = ∑ i F F i ⋅ n i
2 k ⊥ h 3 � + φ 1 + φ 2 =2mπ
k // = i 2 + j 2 2π P4'
Enh= ∫ 350nm 900nm PAM1.5(λ)A2(λ)dλ ∫ 350nm 900nm PAM1.5(λ)A1(λ)dλ

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