L. Wang and B.-X. Xiang, “Planar waveguides in magnesium doped stoichiometric LiNbO3 crystals formed by MeV oxygen ion implantations,” Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys. Res. Sect. B 272, 121–124 (2012).
[Crossref]
S. Barai and A. Sharma, “Inverse algorithm with built-in spatial filter to obtain the 2-D refractive index profile of optical waveguides from the propagating mode near-field profile,” J. Lightwave Technol. 27(11), 1514–1521 (2009).
[Crossref]
G. Poberaj, M. Koechlin, F. Sulser, A. Guarino, J. Hajfler, and P. Günter, “Ion-sliced lithium niobate thin films for active photonic devices,” Opt. Mater. 31(7), 1054–1058 (2009).
[Crossref]
X. Liu, F. Lu, F. Chen, Y. Tan, R. Zhang, H. Liu, L. Wang, and L. Wang, “Reconstruction of extraordinary refractive index profiles of optical planar waveguides with single or double modes fabricated by O2+ ion implantation into lithium niobate,” Opt. Commun. 281(6), 1529–1533 (2008).
[Crossref]
W.-S. Tsai, W.-S. Wang, and P.-K. Wei, “Two-dimensional refractive index profiling by using differential near-field scanning optical microscopy,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(6), 061123 (2007).
[Crossref]
A. L. Campillo, J. W. P. Hsu, C. A. White, and C. D. W. Jones, “Direct measurement of the guided modes in LiNbO3 waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 80(13), 2239–2241 (2002).
[Crossref]
D. P. Tsai, C. W. Yang, S.-Z. Lo, and H. E. Jackson, “Imaging local index variations in an optical waveguide using a tapping mode near-field scanning optical microscope,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 75(8), 1039–1041 (1999).
[Crossref]
G. L. Yip, P. C. Noutsios, and L. Chen, “Improved propagation-mode near-field method for refractive-index profiling of optical waveguides,” Appl. Opt. 35(12), 2060–2068 (1996).
[Crossref]
[PubMed]
I. Mansour and F. Caccavale, “An improved procedure to calculate the refractive index profile from the measured nearfield intenstity,” J. Lightwave Technol. 14(3), 423–428 (1996).
[Crossref]
D. Brooks and S. Ruschin, “Improved near-field method for refractive index measurement of optical waveguides,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 8(2), 254–256 (1996).
[Crossref]
F. Caccavale, P. Chakraborty, A. Quaranta, I. Mansour, G. Gianello, S. Bosso, R. Corsini, and G. Mussi, “Secondary-ion-mass spectrometry and near-field studies of Ti:LiNbO3 optical waveguides,” J. Appl. Phys. 78(9), 5345–5350 (1995).
[Crossref]
Y. Tomita, M. Sugimoto, and K. Eda, “Direct bonding of LiNbO3 single crystals for optical waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 66(12), 1484–1485 (1995).
[Crossref]
C.-C. Wei, P.-K. Wei, and W. Fann, “Direct measurements of the true vibrational amplitudes in shear force microscopy,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 67(26), 3835–3837 (1995).
[Crossref]
P. K. Wei and W. S. Wang, “A TE-TM mode splitter on lithium niobate using Ti, Ni, and MgO diffusions,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 6(2), 245–248 (1994).
[Crossref]
J. Helms, J. Schmidtchen, B. Schüppert, and K. Petermann, “Error analysis for refractive-index profile determination from near-field measurements,” J. Lightwave Technol. 8(5), 625–633 (1990).
[Crossref]
M. N. Armenise, “Fabrication techniques of lithium niobate waveguides,” IEE Proc. 135, 85–91 (1988).
P. J. Chandler and F. L. Lama, “A new approach to the determination of planar waveguide profiles by means of a non-stationary mode index calculation,” J. Mod. Opt. 33, 127–143 (1986).
K. S. Chiang, “Construction of refractive-index profiles of planar dielectric waveguides from the distribution of effective indexes,” J. Lightwave Technol. 3(2), 385–391 (1985).
[Crossref]
A. Yi-Yan, “Index instabilities in protonexchanged LiNbO3 waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 42(8), 633–635 (1983).
[Crossref]
M. N. Armenise, “Fabrication techniques of lithium niobate waveguides,” IEE Proc. 135, 85–91 (1988).
F. Caccavale, P. Chakraborty, A. Quaranta, I. Mansour, G. Gianello, S. Bosso, R. Corsini, and G. Mussi, “Secondary-ion-mass spectrometry and near-field studies of Ti:LiNbO3 optical waveguides,” J. Appl. Phys. 78(9), 5345–5350 (1995).
[Crossref]
D. Brooks and S. Ruschin, “Improved near-field method for refractive index measurement of optical waveguides,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 8(2), 254–256 (1996).
[Crossref]
F. Caccavale, F. Segato, I. Mansour, and M. Gianesin, “A finite differences method for the reconstruction of refractive index profiles from near-field measurements,” J. Lightwave Technol. 16(7), 1348–1353 (1998).
[Crossref]
I. Mansour and F. Caccavale, “An improved procedure to calculate the refractive index profile from the measured nearfield intenstity,” J. Lightwave Technol. 14(3), 423–428 (1996).
[Crossref]
F. Caccavale, P. Chakraborty, A. Quaranta, I. Mansour, G. Gianello, S. Bosso, R. Corsini, and G. Mussi, “Secondary-ion-mass spectrometry and near-field studies of Ti:LiNbO3 optical waveguides,” J. Appl. Phys. 78(9), 5345–5350 (1995).
[Crossref]
A. L. Campillo, J. W. P. Hsu, C. A. White, and C. D. W. Jones, “Direct measurement of the guided modes in LiNbO3 waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 80(13), 2239–2241 (2002).
[Crossref]
F. Caccavale, P. Chakraborty, A. Quaranta, I. Mansour, G. Gianello, S. Bosso, R. Corsini, and G. Mussi, “Secondary-ion-mass spectrometry and near-field studies of Ti:LiNbO3 optical waveguides,” J. Appl. Phys. 78(9), 5345–5350 (1995).
[Crossref]
P. J. Chandler and F. L. Lama, “A new approach to the determination of planar waveguide profiles by means of a non-stationary mode index calculation,” J. Mod. Opt. 33, 127–143 (1986).
X. Liu, F. Lu, F. Chen, Y. Tan, R. Zhang, H. Liu, L. Wang, and L. Wang, “Reconstruction of extraordinary refractive index profiles of optical planar waveguides with single or double modes fabricated by O2+ ion implantation into lithium niobate,” Opt. Commun. 281(6), 1529–1533 (2008).
[Crossref]
K. S. Chiang, “Construction of refractive-index profiles of planar dielectric waveguides from the distribution of effective indexes,” J. Lightwave Technol. 3(2), 385–391 (1985).
[Crossref]
F. Caccavale, P. Chakraborty, A. Quaranta, I. Mansour, G. Gianello, S. Bosso, R. Corsini, and G. Mussi, “Secondary-ion-mass spectrometry and near-field studies of Ti:LiNbO3 optical waveguides,” J. Appl. Phys. 78(9), 5345–5350 (1995).
[Crossref]
Y. Dattner and O. Yadid-Pecht, “Analysis of the effective refractive index of silicon waveguides through the constructive and destructive interference in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer,” IEEE Photonics J. 3(6), 1123–1132 (2011).
[Crossref]
Y. Tomita, M. Sugimoto, and K. Eda, “Direct bonding of LiNbO3 single crystals for optical waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 66(12), 1484–1485 (1995).
[Crossref]
C.-C. Wei, P.-K. Wei, and W. Fann, “Direct measurements of the true vibrational amplitudes in shear force microscopy,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 67(26), 3835–3837 (1995).
[Crossref]
F. Caccavale, P. Chakraborty, A. Quaranta, I. Mansour, G. Gianello, S. Bosso, R. Corsini, and G. Mussi, “Secondary-ion-mass spectrometry and near-field studies of Ti:LiNbO3 optical waveguides,” J. Appl. Phys. 78(9), 5345–5350 (1995).
[Crossref]
G. Poberaj, M. Koechlin, F. Sulser, A. Guarino, J. Hajfler, and P. Günter, “Ion-sliced lithium niobate thin films for active photonic devices,” Opt. Mater. 31(7), 1054–1058 (2009).
[Crossref]
G. Poberaj, M. Koechlin, F. Sulser, A. Guarino, J. Hajfler, and P. Günter, “Ion-sliced lithium niobate thin films for active photonic devices,” Opt. Mater. 31(7), 1054–1058 (2009).
[Crossref]
G. Poberaj, M. Koechlin, F. Sulser, A. Guarino, J. Hajfler, and P. Günter, “Ion-sliced lithium niobate thin films for active photonic devices,” Opt. Mater. 31(7), 1054–1058 (2009).
[Crossref]
J. Helms, J. Schmidtchen, B. Schüppert, and K. Petermann, “Error analysis for refractive-index profile determination from near-field measurements,” J. Lightwave Technol. 8(5), 625–633 (1990).
[Crossref]
A. L. Campillo, J. W. P. Hsu, C. A. White, and C. D. W. Jones, “Direct measurement of the guided modes in LiNbO3 waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 80(13), 2239–2241 (2002).
[Crossref]
D. P. Tsai, C. W. Yang, S.-Z. Lo, and H. E. Jackson, “Imaging local index variations in an optical waveguide using a tapping mode near-field scanning optical microscope,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 75(8), 1039–1041 (1999).
[Crossref]
A. L. Campillo, J. W. P. Hsu, C. A. White, and C. D. W. Jones, “Direct measurement of the guided modes in LiNbO3 waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 80(13), 2239–2241 (2002).
[Crossref]
G. Poberaj, M. Koechlin, F. Sulser, A. Guarino, J. Hajfler, and P. Günter, “Ion-sliced lithium niobate thin films for active photonic devices,” Opt. Mater. 31(7), 1054–1058 (2009).
[Crossref]
P. J. Chandler and F. L. Lama, “A new approach to the determination of planar waveguide profiles by means of a non-stationary mode index calculation,” J. Mod. Opt. 33, 127–143 (1986).
X. Liu, F. Lu, F. Chen, Y. Tan, R. Zhang, H. Liu, L. Wang, and L. Wang, “Reconstruction of extraordinary refractive index profiles of optical planar waveguides with single or double modes fabricated by O2+ ion implantation into lithium niobate,” Opt. Commun. 281(6), 1529–1533 (2008).
[Crossref]
X. Liu, F. Lu, F. Chen, Y. Tan, R. Zhang, H. Liu, L. Wang, and L. Wang, “Reconstruction of extraordinary refractive index profiles of optical planar waveguides with single or double modes fabricated by O2+ ion implantation into lithium niobate,” Opt. Commun. 281(6), 1529–1533 (2008).
[Crossref]
D. P. Tsai, C. W. Yang, S.-Z. Lo, and H. E. Jackson, “Imaging local index variations in an optical waveguide using a tapping mode near-field scanning optical microscope,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 75(8), 1039–1041 (1999).
[Crossref]
X. Liu, F. Lu, F. Chen, Y. Tan, R. Zhang, H. Liu, L. Wang, and L. Wang, “Reconstruction of extraordinary refractive index profiles of optical planar waveguides with single or double modes fabricated by O2+ ion implantation into lithium niobate,” Opt. Commun. 281(6), 1529–1533 (2008).
[Crossref]
F. Caccavale, F. Segato, I. Mansour, and M. Gianesin, “A finite differences method for the reconstruction of refractive index profiles from near-field measurements,” J. Lightwave Technol. 16(7), 1348–1353 (1998).
[Crossref]
I. Mansour and F. Caccavale, “An improved procedure to calculate the refractive index profile from the measured nearfield intenstity,” J. Lightwave Technol. 14(3), 423–428 (1996).
[Crossref]
F. Caccavale, P. Chakraborty, A. Quaranta, I. Mansour, G. Gianello, S. Bosso, R. Corsini, and G. Mussi, “Secondary-ion-mass spectrometry and near-field studies of Ti:LiNbO3 optical waveguides,” J. Appl. Phys. 78(9), 5345–5350 (1995).
[Crossref]
F. Caccavale, P. Chakraborty, A. Quaranta, I. Mansour, G. Gianello, S. Bosso, R. Corsini, and G. Mussi, “Secondary-ion-mass spectrometry and near-field studies of Ti:LiNbO3 optical waveguides,” J. Appl. Phys. 78(9), 5345–5350 (1995).
[Crossref]
J. Helms, J. Schmidtchen, B. Schüppert, and K. Petermann, “Error analysis for refractive-index profile determination from near-field measurements,” J. Lightwave Technol. 8(5), 625–633 (1990).
[Crossref]
G. Poberaj, M. Koechlin, F. Sulser, A. Guarino, J. Hajfler, and P. Günter, “Ion-sliced lithium niobate thin films for active photonic devices,” Opt. Mater. 31(7), 1054–1058 (2009).
[Crossref]
F. Caccavale, P. Chakraborty, A. Quaranta, I. Mansour, G. Gianello, S. Bosso, R. Corsini, and G. Mussi, “Secondary-ion-mass spectrometry and near-field studies of Ti:LiNbO3 optical waveguides,” J. Appl. Phys. 78(9), 5345–5350 (1995).
[Crossref]
D. Brooks and S. Ruschin, “Improved near-field method for refractive index measurement of optical waveguides,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 8(2), 254–256 (1996).
[Crossref]
J. Helms, J. Schmidtchen, B. Schüppert, and K. Petermann, “Error analysis for refractive-index profile determination from near-field measurements,” J. Lightwave Technol. 8(5), 625–633 (1990).
[Crossref]
J. Helms, J. Schmidtchen, B. Schüppert, and K. Petermann, “Error analysis for refractive-index profile determination from near-field measurements,” J. Lightwave Technol. 8(5), 625–633 (1990).
[Crossref]
Y. Tomita, M. Sugimoto, and K. Eda, “Direct bonding of LiNbO3 single crystals for optical waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 66(12), 1484–1485 (1995).
[Crossref]
G. Poberaj, M. Koechlin, F. Sulser, A. Guarino, J. Hajfler, and P. Günter, “Ion-sliced lithium niobate thin films for active photonic devices,” Opt. Mater. 31(7), 1054–1058 (2009).
[Crossref]
X. Liu, F. Lu, F. Chen, Y. Tan, R. Zhang, H. Liu, L. Wang, and L. Wang, “Reconstruction of extraordinary refractive index profiles of optical planar waveguides with single or double modes fabricated by O2+ ion implantation into lithium niobate,” Opt. Commun. 281(6), 1529–1533 (2008).
[Crossref]
Y. Tomita, M. Sugimoto, and K. Eda, “Direct bonding of LiNbO3 single crystals for optical waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 66(12), 1484–1485 (1995).
[Crossref]
D. P. Tsai, C. W. Yang, S.-Z. Lo, and H. E. Jackson, “Imaging local index variations in an optical waveguide using a tapping mode near-field scanning optical microscope,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 75(8), 1039–1041 (1999).
[Crossref]
W.-S. Tsai, S.-C. Piao, and P.-K. Wei, “Refractive index measurement of optical waveguides using modified end-fire coupling method,” Opt. Lett. 36(11), 2008–2010 (2011).
[Crossref]
[PubMed]
W.-S. Tsai, W.-S. Wang, and P.-K. Wei, “Two-dimensional refractive index profiling by using differential near-field scanning optical microscopy,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(6), 061123 (2007).
[Crossref]
L. Wang and B.-X. Xiang, “Planar waveguides in magnesium doped stoichiometric LiNbO3 crystals formed by MeV oxygen ion implantations,” Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys. Res. Sect. B 272, 121–124 (2012).
[Crossref]
X. Liu, F. Lu, F. Chen, Y. Tan, R. Zhang, H. Liu, L. Wang, and L. Wang, “Reconstruction of extraordinary refractive index profiles of optical planar waveguides with single or double modes fabricated by O2+ ion implantation into lithium niobate,” Opt. Commun. 281(6), 1529–1533 (2008).
[Crossref]
X. Liu, F. Lu, F. Chen, Y. Tan, R. Zhang, H. Liu, L. Wang, and L. Wang, “Reconstruction of extraordinary refractive index profiles of optical planar waveguides with single or double modes fabricated by O2+ ion implantation into lithium niobate,” Opt. Commun. 281(6), 1529–1533 (2008).
[Crossref]
P. K. Wei and W. S. Wang, “A TE-TM mode splitter on lithium niobate using Ti, Ni, and MgO diffusions,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 6(2), 245–248 (1994).
[Crossref]
W.-S. Tsai, W.-S. Wang, and P.-K. Wei, “Two-dimensional refractive index profiling by using differential near-field scanning optical microscopy,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(6), 061123 (2007).
[Crossref]
C.-C. Wei, P.-K. Wei, and W. Fann, “Direct measurements of the true vibrational amplitudes in shear force microscopy,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 67(26), 3835–3837 (1995).
[Crossref]
P. K. Wei and W. S. Wang, “A TE-TM mode splitter on lithium niobate using Ti, Ni, and MgO diffusions,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 6(2), 245–248 (1994).
[Crossref]
W.-S. Tsai, S.-C. Piao, and P.-K. Wei, “Refractive index measurement of optical waveguides using modified end-fire coupling method,” Opt. Lett. 36(11), 2008–2010 (2011).
[Crossref]
[PubMed]
W.-S. Tsai, W.-S. Wang, and P.-K. Wei, “Two-dimensional refractive index profiling by using differential near-field scanning optical microscopy,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(6), 061123 (2007).
[Crossref]
C.-C. Wei, P.-K. Wei, and W. Fann, “Direct measurements of the true vibrational amplitudes in shear force microscopy,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 67(26), 3835–3837 (1995).
[Crossref]
A. L. Campillo, J. W. P. Hsu, C. A. White, and C. D. W. Jones, “Direct measurement of the guided modes in LiNbO3 waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 80(13), 2239–2241 (2002).
[Crossref]
L. Wang and B.-X. Xiang, “Planar waveguides in magnesium doped stoichiometric LiNbO3 crystals formed by MeV oxygen ion implantations,” Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys. Res. Sect. B 272, 121–124 (2012).
[Crossref]
Y. Dattner and O. Yadid-Pecht, “Analysis of the effective refractive index of silicon waveguides through the constructive and destructive interference in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer,” IEEE Photonics J. 3(6), 1123–1132 (2011).
[Crossref]
D. P. Tsai, C. W. Yang, S.-Z. Lo, and H. E. Jackson, “Imaging local index variations in an optical waveguide using a tapping mode near-field scanning optical microscope,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 75(8), 1039–1041 (1999).
[Crossref]
A. Yi-Yan, “Index instabilities in protonexchanged LiNbO3 waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 42(8), 633–635 (1983).
[Crossref]
X. Liu, F. Lu, F. Chen, Y. Tan, R. Zhang, H. Liu, L. Wang, and L. Wang, “Reconstruction of extraordinary refractive index profiles of optical planar waveguides with single or double modes fabricated by O2+ ion implantation into lithium niobate,” Opt. Commun. 281(6), 1529–1533 (2008).
[Crossref]
J. M. White and P. F. Heidrich, “Optical waveguide refractive index profiles determined from measurement of mode indices: a simple analysis,” Appl. Opt. 15(1), 151–155 (1976).
[Crossref]
[PubMed]
W. E. Martin, “Refractive index profile measurements of diffused optical waveguides,” Appl. Opt. 13(9), 2112–2116 (1974).
[Crossref]
[PubMed]
R. Oven, “Extraction of phase derivative data from interferometer images using a continuous wavelet transform to determine two-dimensional refractive index profiles,” Appl. Opt. 49(22), 4228–4236 (2010).
[Crossref]
[PubMed]
G. L. Yip, P. C. Noutsios, and L. Chen, “Improved propagation-mode near-field method for refractive-index profiling of optical waveguides,” Appl. Opt. 35(12), 2060–2068 (1996).
[Crossref]
[PubMed]
W.-S. Tsai, W.-S. Wang, and P.-K. Wei, “Two-dimensional refractive index profiling by using differential near-field scanning optical microscopy,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(6), 061123 (2007).
[Crossref]
D. P. Tsai, C. W. Yang, S.-Z. Lo, and H. E. Jackson, “Imaging local index variations in an optical waveguide using a tapping mode near-field scanning optical microscope,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 75(8), 1039–1041 (1999).
[Crossref]
A. L. Campillo, J. W. P. Hsu, C. A. White, and C. D. W. Jones, “Direct measurement of the guided modes in LiNbO3 waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 80(13), 2239–2241 (2002).
[Crossref]
C.-C. Wei, P.-K. Wei, and W. Fann, “Direct measurements of the true vibrational amplitudes in shear force microscopy,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 67(26), 3835–3837 (1995).
[Crossref]
A. Yi-Yan, “Index instabilities in protonexchanged LiNbO3 waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 42(8), 633–635 (1983).
[Crossref]
Y. Tomita, M. Sugimoto, and K. Eda, “Direct bonding of LiNbO3 single crystals for optical waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 66(12), 1484–1485 (1995).
[Crossref]
M. N. Armenise, “Fabrication techniques of lithium niobate waveguides,” IEE Proc. 135, 85–91 (1988).
P. K. Wei and W. S. Wang, “A TE-TM mode splitter on lithium niobate using Ti, Ni, and MgO diffusions,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 6(2), 245–248 (1994).
[Crossref]
D. Brooks and S. Ruschin, “Improved near-field method for refractive index measurement of optical waveguides,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 8(2), 254–256 (1996).
[Crossref]
Y. Dattner and O. Yadid-Pecht, “Analysis of the effective refractive index of silicon waveguides through the constructive and destructive interference in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer,” IEEE Photonics J. 3(6), 1123–1132 (2011).
[Crossref]
F. Caccavale, P. Chakraborty, A. Quaranta, I. Mansour, G. Gianello, S. Bosso, R. Corsini, and G. Mussi, “Secondary-ion-mass spectrometry and near-field studies of Ti:LiNbO3 optical waveguides,” J. Appl. Phys. 78(9), 5345–5350 (1995).
[Crossref]
I. Fatadin, D. Ives, and M. Wicks, “Accurate magnified near-field measurement of optical waveguides using a calibrated CCD camera,” J. Lightwave Technol. 24(12), 5067–5074 (2006).
[Crossref]
F. Caccavale, F. Segato, I. Mansour, and M. Gianesin, “A finite differences method for the reconstruction of refractive index profiles from near-field measurements,” J. Lightwave Technol. 16(7), 1348–1353 (1998).
[Crossref]
K. S. Chiang, “Construction of refractive-index profiles of planar dielectric waveguides from the distribution of effective indexes,” J. Lightwave Technol. 3(2), 385–391 (1985).
[Crossref]
S. Barai and A. Sharma, “Inverse algorithm with built-in spatial filter to obtain the 2-D refractive index profile of optical waveguides from the propagating mode near-field profile,” J. Lightwave Technol. 27(11), 1514–1521 (2009).
[Crossref]
I. Mansour and F. Caccavale, “An improved procedure to calculate the refractive index profile from the measured nearfield intenstity,” J. Lightwave Technol. 14(3), 423–428 (1996).
[Crossref]
J. Helms, J. Schmidtchen, B. Schüppert, and K. Petermann, “Error analysis for refractive-index profile determination from near-field measurements,” J. Lightwave Technol. 8(5), 625–633 (1990).
[Crossref]
P. J. Chandler and F. L. Lama, “A new approach to the determination of planar waveguide profiles by means of a non-stationary mode index calculation,” J. Mod. Opt. 33, 127–143 (1986).
L. Wang and B.-X. Xiang, “Planar waveguides in magnesium doped stoichiometric LiNbO3 crystals formed by MeV oxygen ion implantations,” Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys. Res. Sect. B 272, 121–124 (2012).
[Crossref]
X. Liu, F. Lu, F. Chen, Y. Tan, R. Zhang, H. Liu, L. Wang, and L. Wang, “Reconstruction of extraordinary refractive index profiles of optical planar waveguides with single or double modes fabricated by O2+ ion implantation into lithium niobate,” Opt. Commun. 281(6), 1529–1533 (2008).
[Crossref]
G. Poberaj, M. Koechlin, F. Sulser, A. Guarino, J. Hajfler, and P. Günter, “Ion-sliced lithium niobate thin films for active photonic devices,” Opt. Mater. 31(7), 1054–1058 (2009).
[Crossref]
C. Yeh and F. I. Shimabukuro, “Optical fibers,” in The Essence of Dielectric Waveguides (Springer, 2008).
R. G. Hunsperger, “Theory of optical waveguides,” in Integrated Optics: Theory and Technology (Springer, 2009).