Abstract

By taking multiple measurements of transmittance before and after laser conditioning in DKDP crystals, we found that the transmittance was increased by 0.05%~0.4% through laser conditioning with maximum fluence 6J/cm2, and then decreased by about 0.1% after subsequent higher fluence conditioning. Variation of scattering intensity and absorber density, the two major factors leading to transmittance change, was monitored by on-line and off-line detection systems. The transmittance decrease was attributed to laser damage scattering, and the increase was derived from reduction of absorbers. Moreover, the absorption was reduced further at higher conditioning fluence. Based on the above analysis, the heating process during laser exposure was analyzed in the time domain, and a local rapid-rising and slow-cooling process was confirmed to reduce defect concentration, which can improve laser damage resistance and increase the transmittance.

©2012 Optical Society of America

Full Article  |  PDF Article
OSA Recommended Articles
Mitigation of scattering defect and absorption of DKDP crystals by laser conditioning

Yueliang Wang, Yuanan Zhao, Guohang Hu, Xiaocong Peng, Junxiu Chang, Xiaoyi Xie, Jun He, Meng Guo, and Jianda Shao
Opt. Express 23(12) 16273-16280 (2015)

Simple models for laser-induced damage and conditioning of potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystals by nanosecond pulses

Guillaume Duchateau
Opt. Express 17(13) 10434-10456 (2009)

Investigation of the electronic and physical properties of defect structures responsible for laser-induced damage in DKDP crystals

Stavros G. Demos, Paul DeMange, Raluca A. Negres, and Michael D. Feit
Opt. Express 18(13) 13788-13804 (2010)

More Recommended Articles

References

  • View by:
  • Article Order
  • |
  • Year
  • |
  • Author
  • |
  • Publication
  1. J. J. De Yoreo, A. K. Burnham, and P. K. Whitman, “Developing KH2PO4 and KD2PO4 crystals for the world's most power laser,” Int. Mater. Rev. 47, 113–152 (2002).
    [Crossref]
  2. C. W. Carr, H. B. Radousky, and S. G. Demos, “Wavelength dependence of laser-induced damage: determining the damage initiation mechanisms,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 91(12), 127402 (2003).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  3. M. D. Feit and A. M. Rubenchik, “Implications of nanoabsorber initiators for damage probability curves, pulselength scaling and laser conditioning,” Proc. SPIE 5273, 74–82 (2004).
    [Crossref]
  4. C. H. Chan, “Effective absorption for thermal blooming due to aerosols,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 26(11), 628–630 (1975).
    [Crossref]
  5. G. Duchateau, “Simple models for laser-induced damage and conditioning of potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystals by nanosecond pulses,” Opt. Express 17(13), 10434–10456 (2009).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  6. R. A. Negres, P. DeMange, and S. G. Demos, “Investigation of laser annealing parameters for optimal laser-damage performance in deuterated potassium dihydrogen phosphate,” Opt. Lett. 30(20), 2766–2768 (2005).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  7. C. Marshall, S. Payne, M. Henesian, J. Speth, and H. Powell, “Ultraviolet-induced transient absorption in potassium dihydrogen phosphate and its influence on frequency conversion,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 11(5), 774–785 (1994).
    [Crossref]
  8. G. Duchateau and A. Dyan, “Coupling statistics and heat transfer to study laser induced crystal damage by nanosecond pulses,” Opt. Express 15(8), 4557–4576 (2007).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  9. K. E. Montgomery and F. P. Milanovich, “High-laser-damage-threshold potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystals,” J. Appl. Phys. 68(8), 3979–3982 (1990).
    [Crossref]
  10. Y. Nishida, A. Yokotani, T. Sasaki, K. Yoshida, T. Yamanaka, and C. Yamanaka, “Improvement of the bulk laser damage threshold of potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystals by re-ducing the organic impurities in growth solution,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 52(6), 420–421 (1988).
    [Crossref]
  11. B. Dam, P. Bennema, and W. J. P. van Enckevort, “The mechanism of tapering on KDP-type crystals,” J. Cryst. Growth 74(1), 118–128 (1986).
    [Crossref]
  12. S. Setzler, K. Stevens, L. Halliburton, M. Yan, N. Zaitseva, and J. DeYoreo, “Hydrogen atoms in KH2PO4 crystals,” Phys. Rev. B 57(5), 2643–2646 (1998).
    [Crossref]
  13. C. S. Liu, N. Kioussis, S. G. Demos, and H. B. Radousky, “Electron- or Hole-Assisted Reactions of H Defects in Hydrogen-Bonded KDP,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 91(1), 015505 (2003).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  14. C. S. Liu, Q. Zhang, N. Kioussis, S. Demos, and H. Radousky, “Electronic structure calculations of intrinsic and extrinsic hydrogen point defects in KH2PO4,” Phys. Rev. B 68(22), 224107 (2003).
    [Crossref]
  15. A. K. Burnham, M. Runkel, M. D. Feit, A. M. Rubenchik, R. L. Floyd, T. A. Land, W. J. Siekhaus, and R. A. Hawley-Fedder, “Laser-induced damage in deuterated potassium dihydrogen phosphate,” Appl. Opt. 42(27), 5483–5495 (2003).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  16. J. J. Adams, “Results of sub-nanosecond laser-conditionining of KD2PO4 crystals,” Proc. SPIE 6403, 64031M (2007).
  17. R. A. Negres, P. DeMange, and S. G. Demos, “Investigation of laser annealing parameters for optimal laser-damage performance in deuterated potassium dihydrogen phosphate,” Opt. Lett. 30(20), 2766–2768 (2005).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  18. M. Chirila, N. Garces, L. Halliburton, S. Demos, T. Land, and H. Radousky, “Production and thermal decay of radiation-induced point defects in KD2PO4 crystals,” J. Appl. Phys. 94(10), 6456–6462 (2003).
    [Crossref]
  19. M. Runkel, A. K. Burnham, D. Milam, W. Sell, M. Feit, and A. Rubenchik, “The results of pulse scaling experiments on rapid growth DKDP triplers using the optical sciences laser at 351nm,” Proc. SPIE 4347, 359–372 (2000).
  20. R. Sharp and M. J. Runkel, “Automated damage onset analysis techniques applied to KDP damage and Zeus small area damage test facility,” Proc. SPIE 3902, 361–368 (2000).
    [Crossref]
  21. J. E. Wolfe and S. E. Schrauth, “Automated laser damage test system with real-time damage event imaging and detection,” Proc. SPIE 6403, 640328 (2007).
  22. J. S. Pan, J. M. Tong, and M. B. Tian, Fundamentals of Materials Science, (Qinghua University Press, 1998).
  23. J. Q. Chen, M. X. Chen, and J. S. Zhao, Crystal defects, (Zhejiang University Press, 1992).
  24. C. S. Liu, C. J. Hou, N. Kioussis, S. G. Demos, and H. B. Radousky, “Electronic structure calculations of an oxygen vacancy in KH2PO4,” Phys. Rev. B 72(13), 134110 (2005).
    [Crossref]
  25. H. S. Carslaw and J. C. Jeager, Conduction of Heat in Solids, 2nd edition (Clarendon, 1959).
  26. C. W. Carr, H. B. Radousky, A. M. Rubenchik, M. D. Feit, and S. G. Demos, “Localized dynamics during laser-induced damage in optical materials,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 92(8), 087401 (2004).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  27. A. Dyan, M. Pommies, G. Duchateau, F. Enguehard, S. Lallich, B. Bertussi, D. Damiani, H. Piombini, and H. Mathis, “Revisited thermal approach to model laser-induced damage and conditioning process in KH2PO4 and D2xKH2 (1-x) PO4 crystals,” Proc. SPIE 6403, 640307 (2007).

2009 (1)

2007 (4)

G. Duchateau and A. Dyan, “Coupling statistics and heat transfer to study laser induced crystal damage by nanosecond pulses,” Opt. Express 15(8), 4557–4576 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. J. Adams, “Results of sub-nanosecond laser-conditionining of KD2PO4 crystals,” Proc. SPIE 6403, 64031M (2007).

J. E. Wolfe and S. E. Schrauth, “Automated laser damage test system with real-time damage event imaging and detection,” Proc. SPIE 6403, 640328 (2007).

A. Dyan, M. Pommies, G. Duchateau, F. Enguehard, S. Lallich, B. Bertussi, D. Damiani, H. Piombini, and H. Mathis, “Revisited thermal approach to model laser-induced damage and conditioning process in KH2PO4 and D2xKH2 (1-x) PO4 crystals,” Proc. SPIE 6403, 640307 (2007).

2005 (3)

2004 (2)

C. W. Carr, H. B. Radousky, A. M. Rubenchik, M. D. Feit, and S. G. Demos, “Localized dynamics during laser-induced damage in optical materials,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 92(8), 087401 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. D. Feit and A. M. Rubenchik, “Implications of nanoabsorber initiators for damage probability curves, pulselength scaling and laser conditioning,” Proc. SPIE 5273, 74–82 (2004).
[Crossref]

2003 (5)

C. W. Carr, H. B. Radousky, and S. G. Demos, “Wavelength dependence of laser-induced damage: determining the damage initiation mechanisms,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 91(12), 127402 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. S. Liu, N. Kioussis, S. G. Demos, and H. B. Radousky, “Electron- or Hole-Assisted Reactions of H Defects in Hydrogen-Bonded KDP,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 91(1), 015505 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. S. Liu, Q. Zhang, N. Kioussis, S. Demos, and H. Radousky, “Electronic structure calculations of intrinsic and extrinsic hydrogen point defects in KH2PO4,” Phys. Rev. B 68(22), 224107 (2003).
[Crossref]

M. Chirila, N. Garces, L. Halliburton, S. Demos, T. Land, and H. Radousky, “Production and thermal decay of radiation-induced point defects in KD2PO4 crystals,” J. Appl. Phys. 94(10), 6456–6462 (2003).
[Crossref]

A. K. Burnham, M. Runkel, M. D. Feit, A. M. Rubenchik, R. L. Floyd, T. A. Land, W. J. Siekhaus, and R. A. Hawley-Fedder, “Laser-induced damage in deuterated potassium dihydrogen phosphate,” Appl. Opt. 42(27), 5483–5495 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2002 (1)

J. J. De Yoreo, A. K. Burnham, and P. K. Whitman, “Developing KH2PO4 and KD2PO4 crystals for the world's most power laser,” Int. Mater. Rev. 47, 113–152 (2002).
[Crossref]

2000 (2)

M. Runkel, A. K. Burnham, D. Milam, W. Sell, M. Feit, and A. Rubenchik, “The results of pulse scaling experiments on rapid growth DKDP triplers using the optical sciences laser at 351nm,” Proc. SPIE 4347, 359–372 (2000).

R. Sharp and M. J. Runkel, “Automated damage onset analysis techniques applied to KDP damage and Zeus small area damage test facility,” Proc. SPIE 3902, 361–368 (2000).
[Crossref]

1998 (1)

S. Setzler, K. Stevens, L. Halliburton, M. Yan, N. Zaitseva, and J. DeYoreo, “Hydrogen atoms in KH2PO4 crystals,” Phys. Rev. B 57(5), 2643–2646 (1998).
[Crossref]

1994 (1)

1990 (1)

K. E. Montgomery and F. P. Milanovich, “High-laser-damage-threshold potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystals,” J. Appl. Phys. 68(8), 3979–3982 (1990).
[Crossref]

1988 (1)

Y. Nishida, A. Yokotani, T. Sasaki, K. Yoshida, T. Yamanaka, and C. Yamanaka, “Improvement of the bulk laser damage threshold of potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystals by re-ducing the organic impurities in growth solution,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 52(6), 420–421 (1988).
[Crossref]

1986 (1)

B. Dam, P. Bennema, and W. J. P. van Enckevort, “The mechanism of tapering on KDP-type crystals,” J. Cryst. Growth 74(1), 118–128 (1986).
[Crossref]

1975 (1)

C. H. Chan, “Effective absorption for thermal blooming due to aerosols,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 26(11), 628–630 (1975).
[Crossref]

Adams, J. J.

J. J. Adams, “Results of sub-nanosecond laser-conditionining of KD2PO4 crystals,” Proc. SPIE 6403, 64031M (2007).

Bennema, P.

B. Dam, P. Bennema, and W. J. P. van Enckevort, “The mechanism of tapering on KDP-type crystals,” J. Cryst. Growth 74(1), 118–128 (1986).
[Crossref]

Bertussi, B.

A. Dyan, M. Pommies, G. Duchateau, F. Enguehard, S. Lallich, B. Bertussi, D. Damiani, H. Piombini, and H. Mathis, “Revisited thermal approach to model laser-induced damage and conditioning process in KH2PO4 and D2xKH2 (1-x) PO4 crystals,” Proc. SPIE 6403, 640307 (2007).

Burnham, A. K.

A. K. Burnham, M. Runkel, M. D. Feit, A. M. Rubenchik, R. L. Floyd, T. A. Land, W. J. Siekhaus, and R. A. Hawley-Fedder, “Laser-induced damage in deuterated potassium dihydrogen phosphate,” Appl. Opt. 42(27), 5483–5495 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. J. De Yoreo, A. K. Burnham, and P. K. Whitman, “Developing KH2PO4 and KD2PO4 crystals for the world's most power laser,” Int. Mater. Rev. 47, 113–152 (2002).
[Crossref]

M. Runkel, A. K. Burnham, D. Milam, W. Sell, M. Feit, and A. Rubenchik, “The results of pulse scaling experiments on rapid growth DKDP triplers using the optical sciences laser at 351nm,” Proc. SPIE 4347, 359–372 (2000).

Carr, C. W.

C. W. Carr, H. B. Radousky, A. M. Rubenchik, M. D. Feit, and S. G. Demos, “Localized dynamics during laser-induced damage in optical materials,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 92(8), 087401 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. W. Carr, H. B. Radousky, and S. G. Demos, “Wavelength dependence of laser-induced damage: determining the damage initiation mechanisms,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 91(12), 127402 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Chan, C. H.

C. H. Chan, “Effective absorption for thermal blooming due to aerosols,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 26(11), 628–630 (1975).
[Crossref]

Chirila, M.

M. Chirila, N. Garces, L. Halliburton, S. Demos, T. Land, and H. Radousky, “Production and thermal decay of radiation-induced point defects in KD2PO4 crystals,” J. Appl. Phys. 94(10), 6456–6462 (2003).
[Crossref]

Dam, B.

B. Dam, P. Bennema, and W. J. P. van Enckevort, “The mechanism of tapering on KDP-type crystals,” J. Cryst. Growth 74(1), 118–128 (1986).
[Crossref]

Damiani, D.

A. Dyan, M. Pommies, G. Duchateau, F. Enguehard, S. Lallich, B. Bertussi, D. Damiani, H. Piombini, and H. Mathis, “Revisited thermal approach to model laser-induced damage and conditioning process in KH2PO4 and D2xKH2 (1-x) PO4 crystals,” Proc. SPIE 6403, 640307 (2007).

De Yoreo, J. J.

J. J. De Yoreo, A. K. Burnham, and P. K. Whitman, “Developing KH2PO4 and KD2PO4 crystals for the world's most power laser,” Int. Mater. Rev. 47, 113–152 (2002).
[Crossref]

DeMange, P.

Demos, S.

M. Chirila, N. Garces, L. Halliburton, S. Demos, T. Land, and H. Radousky, “Production and thermal decay of radiation-induced point defects in KD2PO4 crystals,” J. Appl. Phys. 94(10), 6456–6462 (2003).
[Crossref]

C. S. Liu, Q. Zhang, N. Kioussis, S. Demos, and H. Radousky, “Electronic structure calculations of intrinsic and extrinsic hydrogen point defects in KH2PO4,” Phys. Rev. B 68(22), 224107 (2003).
[Crossref]

Demos, S. G.

C. S. Liu, C. J. Hou, N. Kioussis, S. G. Demos, and H. B. Radousky, “Electronic structure calculations of an oxygen vacancy in KH2PO4,” Phys. Rev. B 72(13), 134110 (2005).
[Crossref]

R. A. Negres, P. DeMange, and S. G. Demos, “Investigation of laser annealing parameters for optimal laser-damage performance in deuterated potassium dihydrogen phosphate,” Opt. Lett. 30(20), 2766–2768 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. A. Negres, P. DeMange, and S. G. Demos, “Investigation of laser annealing parameters for optimal laser-damage performance in deuterated potassium dihydrogen phosphate,” Opt. Lett. 30(20), 2766–2768 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. W. Carr, H. B. Radousky, A. M. Rubenchik, M. D. Feit, and S. G. Demos, “Localized dynamics during laser-induced damage in optical materials,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 92(8), 087401 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. W. Carr, H. B. Radousky, and S. G. Demos, “Wavelength dependence of laser-induced damage: determining the damage initiation mechanisms,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 91(12), 127402 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. S. Liu, N. Kioussis, S. G. Demos, and H. B. Radousky, “Electron- or Hole-Assisted Reactions of H Defects in Hydrogen-Bonded KDP,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 91(1), 015505 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

DeYoreo, J.

S. Setzler, K. Stevens, L. Halliburton, M. Yan, N. Zaitseva, and J. DeYoreo, “Hydrogen atoms in KH2PO4 crystals,” Phys. Rev. B 57(5), 2643–2646 (1998).
[Crossref]

Duchateau, G.

G. Duchateau, “Simple models for laser-induced damage and conditioning of potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystals by nanosecond pulses,” Opt. Express 17(13), 10434–10456 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

G. Duchateau and A. Dyan, “Coupling statistics and heat transfer to study laser induced crystal damage by nanosecond pulses,” Opt. Express 15(8), 4557–4576 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. Dyan, M. Pommies, G. Duchateau, F. Enguehard, S. Lallich, B. Bertussi, D. Damiani, H. Piombini, and H. Mathis, “Revisited thermal approach to model laser-induced damage and conditioning process in KH2PO4 and D2xKH2 (1-x) PO4 crystals,” Proc. SPIE 6403, 640307 (2007).

Dyan, A.

A. Dyan, M. Pommies, G. Duchateau, F. Enguehard, S. Lallich, B. Bertussi, D. Damiani, H. Piombini, and H. Mathis, “Revisited thermal approach to model laser-induced damage and conditioning process in KH2PO4 and D2xKH2 (1-x) PO4 crystals,” Proc. SPIE 6403, 640307 (2007).

G. Duchateau and A. Dyan, “Coupling statistics and heat transfer to study laser induced crystal damage by nanosecond pulses,” Opt. Express 15(8), 4557–4576 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Enguehard, F.

A. Dyan, M. Pommies, G. Duchateau, F. Enguehard, S. Lallich, B. Bertussi, D. Damiani, H. Piombini, and H. Mathis, “Revisited thermal approach to model laser-induced damage and conditioning process in KH2PO4 and D2xKH2 (1-x) PO4 crystals,” Proc. SPIE 6403, 640307 (2007).

Feit, M.

M. Runkel, A. K. Burnham, D. Milam, W. Sell, M. Feit, and A. Rubenchik, “The results of pulse scaling experiments on rapid growth DKDP triplers using the optical sciences laser at 351nm,” Proc. SPIE 4347, 359–372 (2000).

Feit, M. D.

M. D. Feit and A. M. Rubenchik, “Implications of nanoabsorber initiators for damage probability curves, pulselength scaling and laser conditioning,” Proc. SPIE 5273, 74–82 (2004).
[Crossref]

C. W. Carr, H. B. Radousky, A. M. Rubenchik, M. D. Feit, and S. G. Demos, “Localized dynamics during laser-induced damage in optical materials,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 92(8), 087401 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. K. Burnham, M. Runkel, M. D. Feit, A. M. Rubenchik, R. L. Floyd, T. A. Land, W. J. Siekhaus, and R. A. Hawley-Fedder, “Laser-induced damage in deuterated potassium dihydrogen phosphate,” Appl. Opt. 42(27), 5483–5495 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Floyd, R. L.

Garces, N.

M. Chirila, N. Garces, L. Halliburton, S. Demos, T. Land, and H. Radousky, “Production and thermal decay of radiation-induced point defects in KD2PO4 crystals,” J. Appl. Phys. 94(10), 6456–6462 (2003).
[Crossref]

Halliburton, L.

M. Chirila, N. Garces, L. Halliburton, S. Demos, T. Land, and H. Radousky, “Production and thermal decay of radiation-induced point defects in KD2PO4 crystals,” J. Appl. Phys. 94(10), 6456–6462 (2003).
[Crossref]

S. Setzler, K. Stevens, L. Halliburton, M. Yan, N. Zaitseva, and J. DeYoreo, “Hydrogen atoms in KH2PO4 crystals,” Phys. Rev. B 57(5), 2643–2646 (1998).
[Crossref]

Hawley-Fedder, R. A.

Henesian, M.

Hou, C. J.

C. S. Liu, C. J. Hou, N. Kioussis, S. G. Demos, and H. B. Radousky, “Electronic structure calculations of an oxygen vacancy in KH2PO4,” Phys. Rev. B 72(13), 134110 (2005).
[Crossref]

Kioussis, N.

C. S. Liu, C. J. Hou, N. Kioussis, S. G. Demos, and H. B. Radousky, “Electronic structure calculations of an oxygen vacancy in KH2PO4,” Phys. Rev. B 72(13), 134110 (2005).
[Crossref]

C. S. Liu, N. Kioussis, S. G. Demos, and H. B. Radousky, “Electron- or Hole-Assisted Reactions of H Defects in Hydrogen-Bonded KDP,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 91(1), 015505 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. S. Liu, Q. Zhang, N. Kioussis, S. Demos, and H. Radousky, “Electronic structure calculations of intrinsic and extrinsic hydrogen point defects in KH2PO4,” Phys. Rev. B 68(22), 224107 (2003).
[Crossref]

Lallich, S.

A. Dyan, M. Pommies, G. Duchateau, F. Enguehard, S. Lallich, B. Bertussi, D. Damiani, H. Piombini, and H. Mathis, “Revisited thermal approach to model laser-induced damage and conditioning process in KH2PO4 and D2xKH2 (1-x) PO4 crystals,” Proc. SPIE 6403, 640307 (2007).

Land, T.

M. Chirila, N. Garces, L. Halliburton, S. Demos, T. Land, and H. Radousky, “Production and thermal decay of radiation-induced point defects in KD2PO4 crystals,” J. Appl. Phys. 94(10), 6456–6462 (2003).
[Crossref]

Land, T. A.

Liu, C. S.

C. S. Liu, C. J. Hou, N. Kioussis, S. G. Demos, and H. B. Radousky, “Electronic structure calculations of an oxygen vacancy in KH2PO4,” Phys. Rev. B 72(13), 134110 (2005).
[Crossref]

C. S. Liu, Q. Zhang, N. Kioussis, S. Demos, and H. Radousky, “Electronic structure calculations of intrinsic and extrinsic hydrogen point defects in KH2PO4,” Phys. Rev. B 68(22), 224107 (2003).
[Crossref]

C. S. Liu, N. Kioussis, S. G. Demos, and H. B. Radousky, “Electron- or Hole-Assisted Reactions of H Defects in Hydrogen-Bonded KDP,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 91(1), 015505 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Marshall, C.

Mathis, H.

A. Dyan, M. Pommies, G. Duchateau, F. Enguehard, S. Lallich, B. Bertussi, D. Damiani, H. Piombini, and H. Mathis, “Revisited thermal approach to model laser-induced damage and conditioning process in KH2PO4 and D2xKH2 (1-x) PO4 crystals,” Proc. SPIE 6403, 640307 (2007).

Milam, D.

M. Runkel, A. K. Burnham, D. Milam, W. Sell, M. Feit, and A. Rubenchik, “The results of pulse scaling experiments on rapid growth DKDP triplers using the optical sciences laser at 351nm,” Proc. SPIE 4347, 359–372 (2000).

Milanovich, F. P.

K. E. Montgomery and F. P. Milanovich, “High-laser-damage-threshold potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystals,” J. Appl. Phys. 68(8), 3979–3982 (1990).
[Crossref]

Montgomery, K. E.

K. E. Montgomery and F. P. Milanovich, “High-laser-damage-threshold potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystals,” J. Appl. Phys. 68(8), 3979–3982 (1990).
[Crossref]

Negres, R. A.

Nishida, Y.

Y. Nishida, A. Yokotani, T. Sasaki, K. Yoshida, T. Yamanaka, and C. Yamanaka, “Improvement of the bulk laser damage threshold of potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystals by re-ducing the organic impurities in growth solution,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 52(6), 420–421 (1988).
[Crossref]

Payne, S.

Piombini, H.

A. Dyan, M. Pommies, G. Duchateau, F. Enguehard, S. Lallich, B. Bertussi, D. Damiani, H. Piombini, and H. Mathis, “Revisited thermal approach to model laser-induced damage and conditioning process in KH2PO4 and D2xKH2 (1-x) PO4 crystals,” Proc. SPIE 6403, 640307 (2007).

Pommies, M.

A. Dyan, M. Pommies, G. Duchateau, F. Enguehard, S. Lallich, B. Bertussi, D. Damiani, H. Piombini, and H. Mathis, “Revisited thermal approach to model laser-induced damage and conditioning process in KH2PO4 and D2xKH2 (1-x) PO4 crystals,” Proc. SPIE 6403, 640307 (2007).

Powell, H.

Radousky, H.

M. Chirila, N. Garces, L. Halliburton, S. Demos, T. Land, and H. Radousky, “Production and thermal decay of radiation-induced point defects in KD2PO4 crystals,” J. Appl. Phys. 94(10), 6456–6462 (2003).
[Crossref]

C. S. Liu, Q. Zhang, N. Kioussis, S. Demos, and H. Radousky, “Electronic structure calculations of intrinsic and extrinsic hydrogen point defects in KH2PO4,” Phys. Rev. B 68(22), 224107 (2003).
[Crossref]

Radousky, H. B.

C. S. Liu, C. J. Hou, N. Kioussis, S. G. Demos, and H. B. Radousky, “Electronic structure calculations of an oxygen vacancy in KH2PO4,” Phys. Rev. B 72(13), 134110 (2005).
[Crossref]

C. W. Carr, H. B. Radousky, A. M. Rubenchik, M. D. Feit, and S. G. Demos, “Localized dynamics during laser-induced damage in optical materials,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 92(8), 087401 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. W. Carr, H. B. Radousky, and S. G. Demos, “Wavelength dependence of laser-induced damage: determining the damage initiation mechanisms,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 91(12), 127402 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. S. Liu, N. Kioussis, S. G. Demos, and H. B. Radousky, “Electron- or Hole-Assisted Reactions of H Defects in Hydrogen-Bonded KDP,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 91(1), 015505 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Rubenchik, A.

M. Runkel, A. K. Burnham, D. Milam, W. Sell, M. Feit, and A. Rubenchik, “The results of pulse scaling experiments on rapid growth DKDP triplers using the optical sciences laser at 351nm,” Proc. SPIE 4347, 359–372 (2000).

Rubenchik, A. M.

C. W. Carr, H. B. Radousky, A. M. Rubenchik, M. D. Feit, and S. G. Demos, “Localized dynamics during laser-induced damage in optical materials,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 92(8), 087401 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. D. Feit and A. M. Rubenchik, “Implications of nanoabsorber initiators for damage probability curves, pulselength scaling and laser conditioning,” Proc. SPIE 5273, 74–82 (2004).
[Crossref]

A. K. Burnham, M. Runkel, M. D. Feit, A. M. Rubenchik, R. L. Floyd, T. A. Land, W. J. Siekhaus, and R. A. Hawley-Fedder, “Laser-induced damage in deuterated potassium dihydrogen phosphate,” Appl. Opt. 42(27), 5483–5495 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Runkel, M.

A. K. Burnham, M. Runkel, M. D. Feit, A. M. Rubenchik, R. L. Floyd, T. A. Land, W. J. Siekhaus, and R. A. Hawley-Fedder, “Laser-induced damage in deuterated potassium dihydrogen phosphate,” Appl. Opt. 42(27), 5483–5495 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Runkel, A. K. Burnham, D. Milam, W. Sell, M. Feit, and A. Rubenchik, “The results of pulse scaling experiments on rapid growth DKDP triplers using the optical sciences laser at 351nm,” Proc. SPIE 4347, 359–372 (2000).

Runkel, M. J.

R. Sharp and M. J. Runkel, “Automated damage onset analysis techniques applied to KDP damage and Zeus small area damage test facility,” Proc. SPIE 3902, 361–368 (2000).
[Crossref]

Sasaki, T.

Y. Nishida, A. Yokotani, T. Sasaki, K. Yoshida, T. Yamanaka, and C. Yamanaka, “Improvement of the bulk laser damage threshold of potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystals by re-ducing the organic impurities in growth solution,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 52(6), 420–421 (1988).
[Crossref]

Schrauth, S. E.

J. E. Wolfe and S. E. Schrauth, “Automated laser damage test system with real-time damage event imaging and detection,” Proc. SPIE 6403, 640328 (2007).

Sell, W.

M. Runkel, A. K. Burnham, D. Milam, W. Sell, M. Feit, and A. Rubenchik, “The results of pulse scaling experiments on rapid growth DKDP triplers using the optical sciences laser at 351nm,” Proc. SPIE 4347, 359–372 (2000).

Setzler, S.

S. Setzler, K. Stevens, L. Halliburton, M. Yan, N. Zaitseva, and J. DeYoreo, “Hydrogen atoms in KH2PO4 crystals,” Phys. Rev. B 57(5), 2643–2646 (1998).
[Crossref]

Sharp, R.

R. Sharp and M. J. Runkel, “Automated damage onset analysis techniques applied to KDP damage and Zeus small area damage test facility,” Proc. SPIE 3902, 361–368 (2000).
[Crossref]

Siekhaus, W. J.

Speth, J.

Stevens, K.

S. Setzler, K. Stevens, L. Halliburton, M. Yan, N. Zaitseva, and J. DeYoreo, “Hydrogen atoms in KH2PO4 crystals,” Phys. Rev. B 57(5), 2643–2646 (1998).
[Crossref]

van Enckevort, W. J. P.

B. Dam, P. Bennema, and W. J. P. van Enckevort, “The mechanism of tapering on KDP-type crystals,” J. Cryst. Growth 74(1), 118–128 (1986).
[Crossref]

Whitman, P. K.

J. J. De Yoreo, A. K. Burnham, and P. K. Whitman, “Developing KH2PO4 and KD2PO4 crystals for the world's most power laser,” Int. Mater. Rev. 47, 113–152 (2002).
[Crossref]

Wolfe, J. E.

J. E. Wolfe and S. E. Schrauth, “Automated laser damage test system with real-time damage event imaging and detection,” Proc. SPIE 6403, 640328 (2007).

Yamanaka, C.

Y. Nishida, A. Yokotani, T. Sasaki, K. Yoshida, T. Yamanaka, and C. Yamanaka, “Improvement of the bulk laser damage threshold of potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystals by re-ducing the organic impurities in growth solution,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 52(6), 420–421 (1988).
[Crossref]

Yamanaka, T.

Y. Nishida, A. Yokotani, T. Sasaki, K. Yoshida, T. Yamanaka, and C. Yamanaka, “Improvement of the bulk laser damage threshold of potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystals by re-ducing the organic impurities in growth solution,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 52(6), 420–421 (1988).
[Crossref]

Yan, M.

S. Setzler, K. Stevens, L. Halliburton, M. Yan, N. Zaitseva, and J. DeYoreo, “Hydrogen atoms in KH2PO4 crystals,” Phys. Rev. B 57(5), 2643–2646 (1998).
[Crossref]

Yokotani, A.

Y. Nishida, A. Yokotani, T. Sasaki, K. Yoshida, T. Yamanaka, and C. Yamanaka, “Improvement of the bulk laser damage threshold of potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystals by re-ducing the organic impurities in growth solution,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 52(6), 420–421 (1988).
[Crossref]

Yoshida, K.

Y. Nishida, A. Yokotani, T. Sasaki, K. Yoshida, T. Yamanaka, and C. Yamanaka, “Improvement of the bulk laser damage threshold of potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystals by re-ducing the organic impurities in growth solution,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 52(6), 420–421 (1988).
[Crossref]

Zaitseva, N.

S. Setzler, K. Stevens, L. Halliburton, M. Yan, N. Zaitseva, and J. DeYoreo, “Hydrogen atoms in KH2PO4 crystals,” Phys. Rev. B 57(5), 2643–2646 (1998).
[Crossref]

Zhang, Q.

C. S. Liu, Q. Zhang, N. Kioussis, S. Demos, and H. Radousky, “Electronic structure calculations of intrinsic and extrinsic hydrogen point defects in KH2PO4,” Phys. Rev. B 68(22), 224107 (2003).
[Crossref]

Appl. Opt. (1)

Appl. Phys. Lett. (2)

C. H. Chan, “Effective absorption for thermal blooming due to aerosols,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 26(11), 628–630 (1975).
[Crossref]

Y. Nishida, A. Yokotani, T. Sasaki, K. Yoshida, T. Yamanaka, and C. Yamanaka, “Improvement of the bulk laser damage threshold of potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystals by re-ducing the organic impurities in growth solution,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 52(6), 420–421 (1988).
[Crossref]

Int. Mater. Rev. (1)

J. J. De Yoreo, A. K. Burnham, and P. K. Whitman, “Developing KH2PO4 and KD2PO4 crystals for the world's most power laser,” Int. Mater. Rev. 47, 113–152 (2002).
[Crossref]

J. Appl. Phys. (2)

K. E. Montgomery and F. P. Milanovich, “High-laser-damage-threshold potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystals,” J. Appl. Phys. 68(8), 3979–3982 (1990).
[Crossref]

M. Chirila, N. Garces, L. Halliburton, S. Demos, T. Land, and H. Radousky, “Production and thermal decay of radiation-induced point defects in KD2PO4 crystals,” J. Appl. Phys. 94(10), 6456–6462 (2003).
[Crossref]

J. Cryst. Growth (1)

B. Dam, P. Bennema, and W. J. P. van Enckevort, “The mechanism of tapering on KDP-type crystals,” J. Cryst. Growth 74(1), 118–128 (1986).
[Crossref]

J. Opt. Soc. Am. B (1)

Opt. Express (2)

Opt. Lett. (2)

Phys. Rev. B (3)

C. S. Liu, C. J. Hou, N. Kioussis, S. G. Demos, and H. B. Radousky, “Electronic structure calculations of an oxygen vacancy in KH2PO4,” Phys. Rev. B 72(13), 134110 (2005).
[Crossref]

S. Setzler, K. Stevens, L. Halliburton, M. Yan, N. Zaitseva, and J. DeYoreo, “Hydrogen atoms in KH2PO4 crystals,” Phys. Rev. B 57(5), 2643–2646 (1998).
[Crossref]

C. S. Liu, Q. Zhang, N. Kioussis, S. Demos, and H. Radousky, “Electronic structure calculations of intrinsic and extrinsic hydrogen point defects in KH2PO4,” Phys. Rev. B 68(22), 224107 (2003).
[Crossref]

Phys. Rev. Lett. (3)

C. S. Liu, N. Kioussis, S. G. Demos, and H. B. Radousky, “Electron- or Hole-Assisted Reactions of H Defects in Hydrogen-Bonded KDP,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 91(1), 015505 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. W. Carr, H. B. Radousky, and S. G. Demos, “Wavelength dependence of laser-induced damage: determining the damage initiation mechanisms,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 91(12), 127402 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. W. Carr, H. B. Radousky, A. M. Rubenchik, M. D. Feit, and S. G. Demos, “Localized dynamics during laser-induced damage in optical materials,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 92(8), 087401 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Proc. SPIE (6)

A. Dyan, M. Pommies, G. Duchateau, F. Enguehard, S. Lallich, B. Bertussi, D. Damiani, H. Piombini, and H. Mathis, “Revisited thermal approach to model laser-induced damage and conditioning process in KH2PO4 and D2xKH2 (1-x) PO4 crystals,” Proc. SPIE 6403, 640307 (2007).

J. J. Adams, “Results of sub-nanosecond laser-conditionining of KD2PO4 crystals,” Proc. SPIE 6403, 64031M (2007).

M. D. Feit and A. M. Rubenchik, “Implications of nanoabsorber initiators for damage probability curves, pulselength scaling and laser conditioning,” Proc. SPIE 5273, 74–82 (2004).
[Crossref]

M. Runkel, A. K. Burnham, D. Milam, W. Sell, M. Feit, and A. Rubenchik, “The results of pulse scaling experiments on rapid growth DKDP triplers using the optical sciences laser at 351nm,” Proc. SPIE 4347, 359–372 (2000).

R. Sharp and M. J. Runkel, “Automated damage onset analysis techniques applied to KDP damage and Zeus small area damage test facility,” Proc. SPIE 3902, 361–368 (2000).
[Crossref]

J. E. Wolfe and S. E. Schrauth, “Automated laser damage test system with real-time damage event imaging and detection,” Proc. SPIE 6403, 640328 (2007).

Other (3)

J. S. Pan, J. M. Tong, and M. B. Tian, Fundamentals of Materials Science, (Qinghua University Press, 1998).

J. Q. Chen, M. X. Chen, and J. S. Zhao, Crystal defects, (Zhejiang University Press, 1992).

H. S. Carslaw and J. C. Jeager, Conduction of Heat in Solids, 2nd edition (Clarendon, 1959).

Cited By

OSA participates in Crossref's Cited-By Linking service. Citing articles from OSA journals and other participating publishers are listed here.

Alert me when this article is cited.


Figures (12)

Fig. 1
Fig. 1 Schematic of laser conditioning experimental bench used for KDP/DKDP crystals

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 2
Fig. 2 The transmittance homogeneity in a DKDP sample

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 3
Fig. 3 (a) displays the variation of transmittance measured fifteen times at the same position in the same time period, (b) displays the variation of transmittance in different periods at the same position

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 4
Fig. 4 (a) Schematic of pinpoint density detection system, (b) The image detected by this system

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 5
Fig. 5 (a) Schematic of fluorescence microscopy, (b) The fluorescent image detected by this microscopy

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 6
Fig. 6 The results of 532nm transmittance measurements at the four different positions

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 7
Fig. 7 The results of 1064nm transmittance measurements at the four different positions

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 8
Fig. 8 (a) The bulk pinpoint density and (b) the percent area covered by surface damage at the four positions after laser conditioning to 10J/cm2

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 9
Fig. 9 Comparison of pinpoint density before and after laser conditioning

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 10
Fig. 10 Comparison of fluorescent spot number in the imaging region before and after 10J/cm2 laser conditioning in DKDP crystals

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 11
Fig. 11 The temperature of defect cluster in the time domain during and after laser exposure

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 12
Fig. 12 The maximum probable reduction of defect concentration Vs. the maximum temperature induced during laser exposure (ΔHdefect is set at 200kJ/mol, ΔSdefect is 19.27 × 10−3kJ/mol·K).

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Equations (10)

Equations on this page are rendered with MathJax. Learn more.

∂T ∂t =κ ∇ 2 T
I Q abs π a 2 =−4π a 2 k m ( ∂T ∂r ) r=a + 4π 3 a 3 ρ p C p ( ∂T ∂t ) r=a
T(r,t)= T 0 + 2a T ∞ r π ∫ β ∞ { 1−exp[ − t τ p (1− β 2 μ 2 ) ] } exp(− μ 2 )dμ ( t≤τ )
T(a,t)= T 0 + T ∞ [1−exp(−t/ τ p )] ( t≤τ )
4π a 2 k m ( ∂T ∂r ) r=a = 4π 3 a 3 ρ p C p ( ∂T ∂t ) r=a
T(r,t)=− 2L T max πr ∑ n=1 ∞ (−1) n n sin nπr a exp(−κ n 2 π 2 t/ L 2 )
T(r,t)=−2 T max ∑ n=1 ∞ (−1) n exp(−κ n 2 π 2 t/ L 2 ) ( t>τ )
C defect =exp(− Δ G defect RT )
Δ G defect =Δ H defect −T×Δ S defect
Δ C defect =exp(− Δ G defect R T 1 )−exp(− Δ G defect R T 2 )

Metrics