A 2 × 2 nonblocking Mach–Zehnder-based silicon switch matrix

Y. Zhao, H. F. Shao, T. Hu, P. Yu, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “A silicon quasi-DOS based on reverse-biased pn diode,” Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett. 54(3), 635–638 (2012).
[Crossref]

W. J. Wang, Y. Zhao, H. F. Zhou, Y. L. Hao, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “CMOS-compatible 1×3 silicon electro-optic switch with low crosstalk,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(11), 751–753 (2011).
[Crossref]

M. Yang, W. M. J. Green, S. Assefa, J. Van Campenhout, B. G. Lee, C. V. Jahnes, F. E. Doany, C. L. Schow, J. A. Kash, and Y. A. Vlasov, “Non-blocking 4 × 4 electro-Optic silicon switch for on-chip photonic networks,” Opt. Express 19(1), 47–54 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

B. G. Lee, A. Biberman, J. Chan, and K. Bergman, “High-performance modulators and switches for silicon photonic networks-on-chip,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 16(1), 6–22 (2010).
[Crossref]

A. Biberman, B. G. Lee, N. Sherwood-Droz, M. Lipson, and K. Bergman, “Broadband operation of nanophotonic router for silicon photonic networks-on-chip,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 22(12), 926–928 (2010).
[Crossref]

Y. Zhao, H. F. Zhou, W. J. Wang, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “Fabrication of silicon photonic devices by utilizing industrial CMOS technology,” Proc. SPIE 7516, 1–6 (2009).

H. F. Zhou, Y. Zhao, W. J. Wang, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “Performance influence of carrier absorption to the Mach-Zehnder-interference based silicon optical switches,” Opt. Express 17, 7043–7051 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

N. Sherwood-Droz, H. Wang, L. Chen, B. G. Lee, A. Biberman, K. Bergman, and M. Lipson, “Optical 4 × 4 hitless slicon router for optical networks-on-chip (NoC),” Opt. Express 16(20), 15915–15922 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Barwicz, H. Byun, F. Gan, C. W. Holzwarth, M. A. Popovic, P. T. Rakich, M. R. Watts, E. P. Ippen, F. X. Kartner, H. I. Smith, J. S. Orcutt, R. J. Ram, V. Stojanovic, O. O. Olubuyide, J. L. Hoyt, S. Spector, M. Geis, M. Grein, T. Lyszczarz, and J. U. Yoon, “Silicon photonics for compact, energy-efficient interconnects [Invited],” J. Opt. Netw. 6(1), 63–73 (2007).
[Crossref]

Y. T. Li, J. Z. Yu, S. W. Chen, Y. P. Li, and Y. Y. Chen, “Submicrosecond rearrangeable non-blocking silicon-on-insulator thermo-optic 4 × 4 switch matrix,” Opt. Lett. 32(6), 603–604 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

K. K. Lee, D. R. Lim, L. C. Kimerling, J. Shin, and F. Cerrina, “Fabrication of ultralow-loss Si/SiO2 waveguides by roughness reduction,” Opt. Lett. 26(23), 1888–1890 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

N. S. Lagali, M. R. Palam, R. I. MacDonald, K. Worhoff, and A. Driessen, “Analysis of generalized Mach-Zehnder interferometers for variable-ratio power splitting and optimized switching,” J. Lightwave Technol. 17(12), 2542–2550 (1999).
[Crossref]

T. Goh, M. Yasu, K. Hattori, A. Himeno, M. Okuno, and Y. Ohmori, “Low-loss and high-extinction-ratio silica-based strictly nonblocking 16 × 16 thermo-optical matrix switch,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 10(6), 810–812 (1998).
[Crossref]

K. Okamoto, M. Okuno, A. Himeno, and Y. Ohmori, “16-channel optical add/drop multiplexer consisting of arrayed-waveguide gratings and double-gate switches,” Electron. Lett. 32(16), 1471–1472 (1996).
[Crossref]

K. Sato, “Photonic transport network OAM technologies,” IEEE Commun. Mag. 34(12), 86–94 (1996).
[Crossref]

A. Himeno, R. Nagase, T. Ito, K. Kato, and M. Okuno, “Photonic intermodule connector using 8×8 optical switches for near-future electronic switching systems,” IEICE Trans. Commun. E77-B, 155–162 (1994).

R. A. Soref, J. Schmidtchen, and K. Petermann, “Large single-mode rib waveguides in GeSi-Si and Si-on-SiO2,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 27(8), 1971–1974 (1991).
[Crossref]

I. Sawaki, T. Shimoe, H. Nakamoto, T. Iwama, T. Yamane, and H. Nakajima, “Rectangularly configured 4 x 4 Ti:LiNbO3 matrix switch with low drive voltage,” IEEE J. Sel. Areas Comm. 6(7), 1267–1272 (1988).
[Crossref]

M. Yang, W. M. J. Green, S. Assefa, J. Van Campenhout, B. G. Lee, C. V. Jahnes, F. E. Doany, C. L. Schow, J. A. Kash, and Y. A. Vlasov, “Non-blocking 4 × 4 electro-Optic silicon switch for on-chip photonic networks,” Opt. Express 19(1), 47–54 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Barwicz, H. Byun, F. Gan, C. W. Holzwarth, M. A. Popovic, P. T. Rakich, M. R. Watts, E. P. Ippen, F. X. Kartner, H. I. Smith, J. S. Orcutt, R. J. Ram, V. Stojanovic, O. O. Olubuyide, J. L. Hoyt, S. Spector, M. Geis, M. Grein, T. Lyszczarz, and J. U. Yoon, “Silicon photonics for compact, energy-efficient interconnects [Invited],” J. Opt. Netw. 6(1), 63–73 (2007).
[Crossref]

B. G. Lee, A. Biberman, J. Chan, and K. Bergman, “High-performance modulators and switches for silicon photonic networks-on-chip,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 16(1), 6–22 (2010).
[Crossref]

A. Biberman, B. G. Lee, N. Sherwood-Droz, M. Lipson, and K. Bergman, “Broadband operation of nanophotonic router for silicon photonic networks-on-chip,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 22(12), 926–928 (2010).
[Crossref]

N. Sherwood-Droz, H. Wang, L. Chen, B. G. Lee, A. Biberman, K. Bergman, and M. Lipson, “Optical 4 × 4 hitless slicon router for optical networks-on-chip (NoC),” Opt. Express 16(20), 15915–15922 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

B. G. Lee, A. Biberman, J. Chan, and K. Bergman, “High-performance modulators and switches for silicon photonic networks-on-chip,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 16(1), 6–22 (2010).
[Crossref]

A. Biberman, B. G. Lee, N. Sherwood-Droz, M. Lipson, and K. Bergman, “Broadband operation of nanophotonic router for silicon photonic networks-on-chip,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 22(12), 926–928 (2010).
[Crossref]

N. Sherwood-Droz, H. Wang, L. Chen, B. G. Lee, A. Biberman, K. Bergman, and M. Lipson, “Optical 4 × 4 hitless slicon router for optical networks-on-chip (NoC),” Opt. Express 16(20), 15915–15922 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Barwicz, H. Byun, F. Gan, C. W. Holzwarth, M. A. Popovic, P. T. Rakich, M. R. Watts, E. P. Ippen, F. X. Kartner, H. I. Smith, J. S. Orcutt, R. J. Ram, V. Stojanovic, O. O. Olubuyide, J. L. Hoyt, S. Spector, M. Geis, M. Grein, T. Lyszczarz, and J. U. Yoon, “Silicon photonics for compact, energy-efficient interconnects [Invited],” J. Opt. Netw. 6(1), 63–73 (2007).
[Crossref]

K. K. Lee, D. R. Lim, L. C. Kimerling, J. Shin, and F. Cerrina, “Fabrication of ultralow-loss Si/SiO2 waveguides by roughness reduction,” Opt. Lett. 26(23), 1888–1890 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

B. G. Lee, A. Biberman, J. Chan, and K. Bergman, “High-performance modulators and switches for silicon photonic networks-on-chip,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 16(1), 6–22 (2010).
[Crossref]

N. Sherwood-Droz, H. Wang, L. Chen, B. G. Lee, A. Biberman, K. Bergman, and M. Lipson, “Optical 4 × 4 hitless slicon router for optical networks-on-chip (NoC),” Opt. Express 16(20), 15915–15922 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Y. T. Li, J. Z. Yu, S. W. Chen, Y. P. Li, and Y. Y. Chen, “Submicrosecond rearrangeable non-blocking silicon-on-insulator thermo-optic 4 × 4 switch matrix,” Opt. Lett. 32(6), 603–604 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Y. T. Li, J. Z. Yu, S. W. Chen, Y. P. Li, and Y. Y. Chen, “Submicrosecond rearrangeable non-blocking silicon-on-insulator thermo-optic 4 × 4 switch matrix,” Opt. Lett. 32(6), 603–604 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Yang, W. M. J. Green, S. Assefa, J. Van Campenhout, B. G. Lee, C. V. Jahnes, F. E. Doany, C. L. Schow, J. A. Kash, and Y. A. Vlasov, “Non-blocking 4 × 4 electro-Optic silicon switch for on-chip photonic networks,” Opt. Express 19(1), 47–54 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

N. S. Lagali, M. R. Palam, R. I. MacDonald, K. Worhoff, and A. Driessen, “Analysis of generalized Mach-Zehnder interferometers for variable-ratio power splitting and optimized switching,” J. Lightwave Technol. 17(12), 2542–2550 (1999).
[Crossref]

T. Barwicz, H. Byun, F. Gan, C. W. Holzwarth, M. A. Popovic, P. T. Rakich, M. R. Watts, E. P. Ippen, F. X. Kartner, H. I. Smith, J. S. Orcutt, R. J. Ram, V. Stojanovic, O. O. Olubuyide, J. L. Hoyt, S. Spector, M. Geis, M. Grein, T. Lyszczarz, and J. U. Yoon, “Silicon photonics for compact, energy-efficient interconnects [Invited],” J. Opt. Netw. 6(1), 63–73 (2007).
[Crossref]

T. Barwicz, H. Byun, F. Gan, C. W. Holzwarth, M. A. Popovic, P. T. Rakich, M. R. Watts, E. P. Ippen, F. X. Kartner, H. I. Smith, J. S. Orcutt, R. J. Ram, V. Stojanovic, O. O. Olubuyide, J. L. Hoyt, S. Spector, M. Geis, M. Grein, T. Lyszczarz, and J. U. Yoon, “Silicon photonics for compact, energy-efficient interconnects [Invited],” J. Opt. Netw. 6(1), 63–73 (2007).
[Crossref]

T. Goh, M. Yasu, K. Hattori, A. Himeno, M. Okuno, and Y. Ohmori, “Low-loss and high-extinction-ratio silica-based strictly nonblocking 16 × 16 thermo-optical matrix switch,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 10(6), 810–812 (1998).
[Crossref]

M. Yang, W. M. J. Green, S. Assefa, J. Van Campenhout, B. G. Lee, C. V. Jahnes, F. E. Doany, C. L. Schow, J. A. Kash, and Y. A. Vlasov, “Non-blocking 4 × 4 electro-Optic silicon switch for on-chip photonic networks,” Opt. Express 19(1), 47–54 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Barwicz, H. Byun, F. Gan, C. W. Holzwarth, M. A. Popovic, P. T. Rakich, M. R. Watts, E. P. Ippen, F. X. Kartner, H. I. Smith, J. S. Orcutt, R. J. Ram, V. Stojanovic, O. O. Olubuyide, J. L. Hoyt, S. Spector, M. Geis, M. Grein, T. Lyszczarz, and J. U. Yoon, “Silicon photonics for compact, energy-efficient interconnects [Invited],” J. Opt. Netw. 6(1), 63–73 (2007).
[Crossref]

W. J. Wang, Y. Zhao, H. F. Zhou, Y. L. Hao, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “CMOS-compatible 1×3 silicon electro-optic switch with low crosstalk,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(11), 751–753 (2011).
[Crossref]

T. Goh, M. Yasu, K. Hattori, A. Himeno, M. Okuno, and Y. Ohmori, “Low-loss and high-extinction-ratio silica-based strictly nonblocking 16 × 16 thermo-optical matrix switch,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 10(6), 810–812 (1998).
[Crossref]

T. Goh, M. Yasu, K. Hattori, A. Himeno, M. Okuno, and Y. Ohmori, “Low-loss and high-extinction-ratio silica-based strictly nonblocking 16 × 16 thermo-optical matrix switch,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 10(6), 810–812 (1998).
[Crossref]

K. Okamoto, M. Okuno, A. Himeno, and Y. Ohmori, “16-channel optical add/drop multiplexer consisting of arrayed-waveguide gratings and double-gate switches,” Electron. Lett. 32(16), 1471–1472 (1996).
[Crossref]

A. Himeno, R. Nagase, T. Ito, K. Kato, and M. Okuno, “Photonic intermodule connector using 8×8 optical switches for near-future electronic switching systems,” IEICE Trans. Commun. E77-B, 155–162 (1994).

T. Barwicz, H. Byun, F. Gan, C. W. Holzwarth, M. A. Popovic, P. T. Rakich, M. R. Watts, E. P. Ippen, F. X. Kartner, H. I. Smith, J. S. Orcutt, R. J. Ram, V. Stojanovic, O. O. Olubuyide, J. L. Hoyt, S. Spector, M. Geis, M. Grein, T. Lyszczarz, and J. U. Yoon, “Silicon photonics for compact, energy-efficient interconnects [Invited],” J. Opt. Netw. 6(1), 63–73 (2007).
[Crossref]

T. Barwicz, H. Byun, F. Gan, C. W. Holzwarth, M. A. Popovic, P. T. Rakich, M. R. Watts, E. P. Ippen, F. X. Kartner, H. I. Smith, J. S. Orcutt, R. J. Ram, V. Stojanovic, O. O. Olubuyide, J. L. Hoyt, S. Spector, M. Geis, M. Grein, T. Lyszczarz, and J. U. Yoon, “Silicon photonics for compact, energy-efficient interconnects [Invited],” J. Opt. Netw. 6(1), 63–73 (2007).
[Crossref]

Y. Zhao, H. F. Shao, T. Hu, P. Yu, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “A silicon quasi-DOS based on reverse-biased pn diode,” Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett. 54(3), 635–638 (2012).
[Crossref]

T. Barwicz, H. Byun, F. Gan, C. W. Holzwarth, M. A. Popovic, P. T. Rakich, M. R. Watts, E. P. Ippen, F. X. Kartner, H. I. Smith, J. S. Orcutt, R. J. Ram, V. Stojanovic, O. O. Olubuyide, J. L. Hoyt, S. Spector, M. Geis, M. Grein, T. Lyszczarz, and J. U. Yoon, “Silicon photonics for compact, energy-efficient interconnects [Invited],” J. Opt. Netw. 6(1), 63–73 (2007).
[Crossref]

A. Himeno, R. Nagase, T. Ito, K. Kato, and M. Okuno, “Photonic intermodule connector using 8×8 optical switches for near-future electronic switching systems,” IEICE Trans. Commun. E77-B, 155–162 (1994).

I. Sawaki, T. Shimoe, H. Nakamoto, T. Iwama, T. Yamane, and H. Nakajima, “Rectangularly configured 4 x 4 Ti:LiNbO3 matrix switch with low drive voltage,” IEEE J. Sel. Areas Comm. 6(7), 1267–1272 (1988).
[Crossref]

M. Yang, W. M. J. Green, S. Assefa, J. Van Campenhout, B. G. Lee, C. V. Jahnes, F. E. Doany, C. L. Schow, J. A. Kash, and Y. A. Vlasov, “Non-blocking 4 × 4 electro-Optic silicon switch for on-chip photonic networks,” Opt. Express 19(1), 47–54 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Y. Zhao, H. F. Shao, T. Hu, P. Yu, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “A silicon quasi-DOS based on reverse-biased pn diode,” Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett. 54(3), 635–638 (2012).
[Crossref]

W. J. Wang, Y. Zhao, H. F. Zhou, Y. L. Hao, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “CMOS-compatible 1×3 silicon electro-optic switch with low crosstalk,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(11), 751–753 (2011).
[Crossref]

H. F. Zhou, Y. Zhao, W. J. Wang, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “Performance influence of carrier absorption to the Mach-Zehnder-interference based silicon optical switches,” Opt. Express 17, 7043–7051 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Y. Zhao, H. F. Zhou, W. J. Wang, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “Fabrication of silicon photonic devices by utilizing industrial CMOS technology,” Proc. SPIE 7516, 1–6 (2009).

T. Barwicz, H. Byun, F. Gan, C. W. Holzwarth, M. A. Popovic, P. T. Rakich, M. R. Watts, E. P. Ippen, F. X. Kartner, H. I. Smith, J. S. Orcutt, R. J. Ram, V. Stojanovic, O. O. Olubuyide, J. L. Hoyt, S. Spector, M. Geis, M. Grein, T. Lyszczarz, and J. U. Yoon, “Silicon photonics for compact, energy-efficient interconnects [Invited],” J. Opt. Netw. 6(1), 63–73 (2007).
[Crossref]

M. Yang, W. M. J. Green, S. Assefa, J. Van Campenhout, B. G. Lee, C. V. Jahnes, F. E. Doany, C. L. Schow, J. A. Kash, and Y. A. Vlasov, “Non-blocking 4 × 4 electro-Optic silicon switch for on-chip photonic networks,” Opt. Express 19(1), 47–54 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. Himeno, R. Nagase, T. Ito, K. Kato, and M. Okuno, “Photonic intermodule connector using 8×8 optical switches for near-future electronic switching systems,” IEICE Trans. Commun. E77-B, 155–162 (1994).

K. K. Lee, D. R. Lim, L. C. Kimerling, J. Shin, and F. Cerrina, “Fabrication of ultralow-loss Si/SiO2 waveguides by roughness reduction,” Opt. Lett. 26(23), 1888–1890 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

N. S. Lagali, M. R. Palam, R. I. MacDonald, K. Worhoff, and A. Driessen, “Analysis of generalized Mach-Zehnder interferometers for variable-ratio power splitting and optimized switching,” J. Lightwave Technol. 17(12), 2542–2550 (1999).
[Crossref]

M. Yang, W. M. J. Green, S. Assefa, J. Van Campenhout, B. G. Lee, C. V. Jahnes, F. E. Doany, C. L. Schow, J. A. Kash, and Y. A. Vlasov, “Non-blocking 4 × 4 electro-Optic silicon switch for on-chip photonic networks,” Opt. Express 19(1), 47–54 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. Biberman, B. G. Lee, N. Sherwood-Droz, M. Lipson, and K. Bergman, “Broadband operation of nanophotonic router for silicon photonic networks-on-chip,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 22(12), 926–928 (2010).
[Crossref]

B. G. Lee, A. Biberman, J. Chan, and K. Bergman, “High-performance modulators and switches for silicon photonic networks-on-chip,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 16(1), 6–22 (2010).
[Crossref]

N. Sherwood-Droz, H. Wang, L. Chen, B. G. Lee, A. Biberman, K. Bergman, and M. Lipson, “Optical 4 × 4 hitless slicon router for optical networks-on-chip (NoC),” Opt. Express 16(20), 15915–15922 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

K. K. Lee, D. R. Lim, L. C. Kimerling, J. Shin, and F. Cerrina, “Fabrication of ultralow-loss Si/SiO2 waveguides by roughness reduction,” Opt. Lett. 26(23), 1888–1890 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Y. T. Li, J. Z. Yu, S. W. Chen, Y. P. Li, and Y. Y. Chen, “Submicrosecond rearrangeable non-blocking silicon-on-insulator thermo-optic 4 × 4 switch matrix,” Opt. Lett. 32(6), 603–604 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Y. T. Li, J. Z. Yu, S. W. Chen, Y. P. Li, and Y. Y. Chen, “Submicrosecond rearrangeable non-blocking silicon-on-insulator thermo-optic 4 × 4 switch matrix,” Opt. Lett. 32(6), 603–604 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

K. K. Lee, D. R. Lim, L. C. Kimerling, J. Shin, and F. Cerrina, “Fabrication of ultralow-loss Si/SiO2 waveguides by roughness reduction,” Opt. Lett. 26(23), 1888–1890 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. Biberman, B. G. Lee, N. Sherwood-Droz, M. Lipson, and K. Bergman, “Broadband operation of nanophotonic router for silicon photonic networks-on-chip,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 22(12), 926–928 (2010).
[Crossref]

N. Sherwood-Droz, H. Wang, L. Chen, B. G. Lee, A. Biberman, K. Bergman, and M. Lipson, “Optical 4 × 4 hitless slicon router for optical networks-on-chip (NoC),” Opt. Express 16(20), 15915–15922 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Barwicz, H. Byun, F. Gan, C. W. Holzwarth, M. A. Popovic, P. T. Rakich, M. R. Watts, E. P. Ippen, F. X. Kartner, H. I. Smith, J. S. Orcutt, R. J. Ram, V. Stojanovic, O. O. Olubuyide, J. L. Hoyt, S. Spector, M. Geis, M. Grein, T. Lyszczarz, and J. U. Yoon, “Silicon photonics for compact, energy-efficient interconnects [Invited],” J. Opt. Netw. 6(1), 63–73 (2007).
[Crossref]

N. S. Lagali, M. R. Palam, R. I. MacDonald, K. Worhoff, and A. Driessen, “Analysis of generalized Mach-Zehnder interferometers for variable-ratio power splitting and optimized switching,” J. Lightwave Technol. 17(12), 2542–2550 (1999).
[Crossref]

A. Himeno, R. Nagase, T. Ito, K. Kato, and M. Okuno, “Photonic intermodule connector using 8×8 optical switches for near-future electronic switching systems,” IEICE Trans. Commun. E77-B, 155–162 (1994).

I. Sawaki, T. Shimoe, H. Nakamoto, T. Iwama, T. Yamane, and H. Nakajima, “Rectangularly configured 4 x 4 Ti:LiNbO3 matrix switch with low drive voltage,” IEEE J. Sel. Areas Comm. 6(7), 1267–1272 (1988).
[Crossref]

I. Sawaki, T. Shimoe, H. Nakamoto, T. Iwama, T. Yamane, and H. Nakajima, “Rectangularly configured 4 x 4 Ti:LiNbO3 matrix switch with low drive voltage,” IEEE J. Sel. Areas Comm. 6(7), 1267–1272 (1988).
[Crossref]

T. Goh, M. Yasu, K. Hattori, A. Himeno, M. Okuno, and Y. Ohmori, “Low-loss and high-extinction-ratio silica-based strictly nonblocking 16 × 16 thermo-optical matrix switch,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 10(6), 810–812 (1998).
[Crossref]

K. Okamoto, M. Okuno, A. Himeno, and Y. Ohmori, “16-channel optical add/drop multiplexer consisting of arrayed-waveguide gratings and double-gate switches,” Electron. Lett. 32(16), 1471–1472 (1996).
[Crossref]

K. Okamoto, M. Okuno, A. Himeno, and Y. Ohmori, “16-channel optical add/drop multiplexer consisting of arrayed-waveguide gratings and double-gate switches,” Electron. Lett. 32(16), 1471–1472 (1996).
[Crossref]

T. Goh, M. Yasu, K. Hattori, A. Himeno, M. Okuno, and Y. Ohmori, “Low-loss and high-extinction-ratio silica-based strictly nonblocking 16 × 16 thermo-optical matrix switch,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 10(6), 810–812 (1998).
[Crossref]

K. Okamoto, M. Okuno, A. Himeno, and Y. Ohmori, “16-channel optical add/drop multiplexer consisting of arrayed-waveguide gratings and double-gate switches,” Electron. Lett. 32(16), 1471–1472 (1996).
[Crossref]

A. Himeno, R. Nagase, T. Ito, K. Kato, and M. Okuno, “Photonic intermodule connector using 8×8 optical switches for near-future electronic switching systems,” IEICE Trans. Commun. E77-B, 155–162 (1994).

T. Barwicz, H. Byun, F. Gan, C. W. Holzwarth, M. A. Popovic, P. T. Rakich, M. R. Watts, E. P. Ippen, F. X. Kartner, H. I. Smith, J. S. Orcutt, R. J. Ram, V. Stojanovic, O. O. Olubuyide, J. L. Hoyt, S. Spector, M. Geis, M. Grein, T. Lyszczarz, and J. U. Yoon, “Silicon photonics for compact, energy-efficient interconnects [Invited],” J. Opt. Netw. 6(1), 63–73 (2007).
[Crossref]

T. Barwicz, H. Byun, F. Gan, C. W. Holzwarth, M. A. Popovic, P. T. Rakich, M. R. Watts, E. P. Ippen, F. X. Kartner, H. I. Smith, J. S. Orcutt, R. J. Ram, V. Stojanovic, O. O. Olubuyide, J. L. Hoyt, S. Spector, M. Geis, M. Grein, T. Lyszczarz, and J. U. Yoon, “Silicon photonics for compact, energy-efficient interconnects [Invited],” J. Opt. Netw. 6(1), 63–73 (2007).
[Crossref]

N. S. Lagali, M. R. Palam, R. I. MacDonald, K. Worhoff, and A. Driessen, “Analysis of generalized Mach-Zehnder interferometers for variable-ratio power splitting and optimized switching,” J. Lightwave Technol. 17(12), 2542–2550 (1999).
[Crossref]

R. A. Soref, J. Schmidtchen, and K. Petermann, “Large single-mode rib waveguides in GeSi-Si and Si-on-SiO2,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 27(8), 1971–1974 (1991).
[Crossref]

T. Barwicz, H. Byun, F. Gan, C. W. Holzwarth, M. A. Popovic, P. T. Rakich, M. R. Watts, E. P. Ippen, F. X. Kartner, H. I. Smith, J. S. Orcutt, R. J. Ram, V. Stojanovic, O. O. Olubuyide, J. L. Hoyt, S. Spector, M. Geis, M. Grein, T. Lyszczarz, and J. U. Yoon, “Silicon photonics for compact, energy-efficient interconnects [Invited],” J. Opt. Netw. 6(1), 63–73 (2007).
[Crossref]

T. Barwicz, H. Byun, F. Gan, C. W. Holzwarth, M. A. Popovic, P. T. Rakich, M. R. Watts, E. P. Ippen, F. X. Kartner, H. I. Smith, J. S. Orcutt, R. J. Ram, V. Stojanovic, O. O. Olubuyide, J. L. Hoyt, S. Spector, M. Geis, M. Grein, T. Lyszczarz, and J. U. Yoon, “Silicon photonics for compact, energy-efficient interconnects [Invited],” J. Opt. Netw. 6(1), 63–73 (2007).
[Crossref]

T. Barwicz, H. Byun, F. Gan, C. W. Holzwarth, M. A. Popovic, P. T. Rakich, M. R. Watts, E. P. Ippen, F. X. Kartner, H. I. Smith, J. S. Orcutt, R. J. Ram, V. Stojanovic, O. O. Olubuyide, J. L. Hoyt, S. Spector, M. Geis, M. Grein, T. Lyszczarz, and J. U. Yoon, “Silicon photonics for compact, energy-efficient interconnects [Invited],” J. Opt. Netw. 6(1), 63–73 (2007).
[Crossref]

K. Sato, “Photonic transport network OAM technologies,” IEEE Commun. Mag. 34(12), 86–94 (1996).
[Crossref]

I. Sawaki, T. Shimoe, H. Nakamoto, T. Iwama, T. Yamane, and H. Nakajima, “Rectangularly configured 4 x 4 Ti:LiNbO3 matrix switch with low drive voltage,” IEEE J. Sel. Areas Comm. 6(7), 1267–1272 (1988).
[Crossref]

R. A. Soref, J. Schmidtchen, and K. Petermann, “Large single-mode rib waveguides in GeSi-Si and Si-on-SiO2,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 27(8), 1971–1974 (1991).
[Crossref]

M. Yang, W. M. J. Green, S. Assefa, J. Van Campenhout, B. G. Lee, C. V. Jahnes, F. E. Doany, C. L. Schow, J. A. Kash, and Y. A. Vlasov, “Non-blocking 4 × 4 electro-Optic silicon switch for on-chip photonic networks,” Opt. Express 19(1), 47–54 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Y. Zhao, H. F. Shao, T. Hu, P. Yu, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “A silicon quasi-DOS based on reverse-biased pn diode,” Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett. 54(3), 635–638 (2012).
[Crossref]

A. Biberman, B. G. Lee, N. Sherwood-Droz, M. Lipson, and K. Bergman, “Broadband operation of nanophotonic router for silicon photonic networks-on-chip,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 22(12), 926–928 (2010).
[Crossref]

N. Sherwood-Droz, H. Wang, L. Chen, B. G. Lee, A. Biberman, K. Bergman, and M. Lipson, “Optical 4 × 4 hitless slicon router for optical networks-on-chip (NoC),” Opt. Express 16(20), 15915–15922 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

I. Sawaki, T. Shimoe, H. Nakamoto, T. Iwama, T. Yamane, and H. Nakajima, “Rectangularly configured 4 x 4 Ti:LiNbO3 matrix switch with low drive voltage,” IEEE J. Sel. Areas Comm. 6(7), 1267–1272 (1988).
[Crossref]

K. K. Lee, D. R. Lim, L. C. Kimerling, J. Shin, and F. Cerrina, “Fabrication of ultralow-loss Si/SiO2 waveguides by roughness reduction,” Opt. Lett. 26(23), 1888–1890 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Barwicz, H. Byun, F. Gan, C. W. Holzwarth, M. A. Popovic, P. T. Rakich, M. R. Watts, E. P. Ippen, F. X. Kartner, H. I. Smith, J. S. Orcutt, R. J. Ram, V. Stojanovic, O. O. Olubuyide, J. L. Hoyt, S. Spector, M. Geis, M. Grein, T. Lyszczarz, and J. U. Yoon, “Silicon photonics for compact, energy-efficient interconnects [Invited],” J. Opt. Netw. 6(1), 63–73 (2007).
[Crossref]

R. A. Soref, J. Schmidtchen, and K. Petermann, “Large single-mode rib waveguides in GeSi-Si and Si-on-SiO2,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 27(8), 1971–1974 (1991).
[Crossref]

T. Barwicz, H. Byun, F. Gan, C. W. Holzwarth, M. A. Popovic, P. T. Rakich, M. R. Watts, E. P. Ippen, F. X. Kartner, H. I. Smith, J. S. Orcutt, R. J. Ram, V. Stojanovic, O. O. Olubuyide, J. L. Hoyt, S. Spector, M. Geis, M. Grein, T. Lyszczarz, and J. U. Yoon, “Silicon photonics for compact, energy-efficient interconnects [Invited],” J. Opt. Netw. 6(1), 63–73 (2007).
[Crossref]

T. Barwicz, H. Byun, F. Gan, C. W. Holzwarth, M. A. Popovic, P. T. Rakich, M. R. Watts, E. P. Ippen, F. X. Kartner, H. I. Smith, J. S. Orcutt, R. J. Ram, V. Stojanovic, O. O. Olubuyide, J. L. Hoyt, S. Spector, M. Geis, M. Grein, T. Lyszczarz, and J. U. Yoon, “Silicon photonics for compact, energy-efficient interconnects [Invited],” J. Opt. Netw. 6(1), 63–73 (2007).
[Crossref]

M. Yang, W. M. J. Green, S. Assefa, J. Van Campenhout, B. G. Lee, C. V. Jahnes, F. E. Doany, C. L. Schow, J. A. Kash, and Y. A. Vlasov, “Non-blocking 4 × 4 electro-Optic silicon switch for on-chip photonic networks,” Opt. Express 19(1), 47–54 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Yang, W. M. J. Green, S. Assefa, J. Van Campenhout, B. G. Lee, C. V. Jahnes, F. E. Doany, C. L. Schow, J. A. Kash, and Y. A. Vlasov, “Non-blocking 4 × 4 electro-Optic silicon switch for on-chip photonic networks,” Opt. Express 19(1), 47–54 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

N. Sherwood-Droz, H. Wang, L. Chen, B. G. Lee, A. Biberman, K. Bergman, and M. Lipson, “Optical 4 × 4 hitless slicon router for optical networks-on-chip (NoC),” Opt. Express 16(20), 15915–15922 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Y. Zhao, H. F. Shao, T. Hu, P. Yu, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “A silicon quasi-DOS based on reverse-biased pn diode,” Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett. 54(3), 635–638 (2012).
[Crossref]

W. J. Wang, Y. Zhao, H. F. Zhou, Y. L. Hao, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “CMOS-compatible 1×3 silicon electro-optic switch with low crosstalk,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(11), 751–753 (2011).
[Crossref]

H. F. Zhou, Y. Zhao, W. J. Wang, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “Performance influence of carrier absorption to the Mach-Zehnder-interference based silicon optical switches,” Opt. Express 17, 7043–7051 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Y. Zhao, H. F. Zhou, W. J. Wang, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “Fabrication of silicon photonic devices by utilizing industrial CMOS technology,” Proc. SPIE 7516, 1–6 (2009).

W. J. Wang, Y. Zhao, H. F. Zhou, Y. L. Hao, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “CMOS-compatible 1×3 silicon electro-optic switch with low crosstalk,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(11), 751–753 (2011).
[Crossref]

Y. Zhao, H. F. Zhou, W. J. Wang, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “Fabrication of silicon photonic devices by utilizing industrial CMOS technology,” Proc. SPIE 7516, 1–6 (2009).

H. F. Zhou, Y. Zhao, W. J. Wang, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “Performance influence of carrier absorption to the Mach-Zehnder-interference based silicon optical switches,” Opt. Express 17, 7043–7051 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Barwicz, H. Byun, F. Gan, C. W. Holzwarth, M. A. Popovic, P. T. Rakich, M. R. Watts, E. P. Ippen, F. X. Kartner, H. I. Smith, J. S. Orcutt, R. J. Ram, V. Stojanovic, O. O. Olubuyide, J. L. Hoyt, S. Spector, M. Geis, M. Grein, T. Lyszczarz, and J. U. Yoon, “Silicon photonics for compact, energy-efficient interconnects [Invited],” J. Opt. Netw. 6(1), 63–73 (2007).
[Crossref]

N. S. Lagali, M. R. Palam, R. I. MacDonald, K. Worhoff, and A. Driessen, “Analysis of generalized Mach-Zehnder interferometers for variable-ratio power splitting and optimized switching,” J. Lightwave Technol. 17(12), 2542–2550 (1999).
[Crossref]

I. Sawaki, T. Shimoe, H. Nakamoto, T. Iwama, T. Yamane, and H. Nakajima, “Rectangularly configured 4 x 4 Ti:LiNbO3 matrix switch with low drive voltage,” IEEE J. Sel. Areas Comm. 6(7), 1267–1272 (1988).
[Crossref]

Y. Zhao, H. F. Shao, T. Hu, P. Yu, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “A silicon quasi-DOS based on reverse-biased pn diode,” Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett. 54(3), 635–638 (2012).
[Crossref]

W. J. Wang, Y. Zhao, H. F. Zhou, Y. L. Hao, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “CMOS-compatible 1×3 silicon electro-optic switch with low crosstalk,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(11), 751–753 (2011).
[Crossref]

H. F. Zhou, Y. Zhao, W. J. Wang, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “Performance influence of carrier absorption to the Mach-Zehnder-interference based silicon optical switches,” Opt. Express 17, 7043–7051 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Y. Zhao, H. F. Zhou, W. J. Wang, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “Fabrication of silicon photonic devices by utilizing industrial CMOS technology,” Proc. SPIE 7516, 1–6 (2009).

M. Yang, W. M. J. Green, S. Assefa, J. Van Campenhout, B. G. Lee, C. V. Jahnes, F. E. Doany, C. L. Schow, J. A. Kash, and Y. A. Vlasov, “Non-blocking 4 × 4 electro-Optic silicon switch for on-chip photonic networks,” Opt. Express 19(1), 47–54 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Goh, M. Yasu, K. Hattori, A. Himeno, M. Okuno, and Y. Ohmori, “Low-loss and high-extinction-ratio silica-based strictly nonblocking 16 × 16 thermo-optical matrix switch,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 10(6), 810–812 (1998).
[Crossref]

T. Barwicz, H. Byun, F. Gan, C. W. Holzwarth, M. A. Popovic, P. T. Rakich, M. R. Watts, E. P. Ippen, F. X. Kartner, H. I. Smith, J. S. Orcutt, R. J. Ram, V. Stojanovic, O. O. Olubuyide, J. L. Hoyt, S. Spector, M. Geis, M. Grein, T. Lyszczarz, and J. U. Yoon, “Silicon photonics for compact, energy-efficient interconnects [Invited],” J. Opt. Netw. 6(1), 63–73 (2007).
[Crossref]

Y. T. Li, J. Z. Yu, S. W. Chen, Y. P. Li, and Y. Y. Chen, “Submicrosecond rearrangeable non-blocking silicon-on-insulator thermo-optic 4 × 4 switch matrix,” Opt. Lett. 32(6), 603–604 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Y. Zhao, H. F. Shao, T. Hu, P. Yu, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “A silicon quasi-DOS based on reverse-biased pn diode,” Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett. 54(3), 635–638 (2012).
[Crossref]

Y. Zhao, H. F. Shao, T. Hu, P. Yu, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “A silicon quasi-DOS based on reverse-biased pn diode,” Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett. 54(3), 635–638 (2012).
[Crossref]

W. J. Wang, Y. Zhao, H. F. Zhou, Y. L. Hao, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “CMOS-compatible 1×3 silicon electro-optic switch with low crosstalk,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(11), 751–753 (2011).
[Crossref]

Y. Zhao, H. F. Zhou, W. J. Wang, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “Fabrication of silicon photonic devices by utilizing industrial CMOS technology,” Proc. SPIE 7516, 1–6 (2009).

H. F. Zhou, Y. Zhao, W. J. Wang, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “Performance influence of carrier absorption to the Mach-Zehnder-interference based silicon optical switches,” Opt. Express 17, 7043–7051 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

W. J. Wang, Y. Zhao, H. F. Zhou, Y. L. Hao, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “CMOS-compatible 1×3 silicon electro-optic switch with low crosstalk,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(11), 751–753 (2011).
[Crossref]

H. F. Zhou, Y. Zhao, W. J. Wang, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “Performance influence of carrier absorption to the Mach-Zehnder-interference based silicon optical switches,” Opt. Express 17, 7043–7051 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Y. Zhao, H. F. Zhou, W. J. Wang, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “Fabrication of silicon photonic devices by utilizing industrial CMOS technology,” Proc. SPIE 7516, 1–6 (2009).

K. Okamoto, M. Okuno, A. Himeno, and Y. Ohmori, “16-channel optical add/drop multiplexer consisting of arrayed-waveguide gratings and double-gate switches,” Electron. Lett. 32(16), 1471–1472 (1996).
[Crossref]

K. Sato, “Photonic transport network OAM technologies,” IEEE Commun. Mag. 34(12), 86–94 (1996).
[Crossref]

R. A. Soref, J. Schmidtchen, and K. Petermann, “Large single-mode rib waveguides in GeSi-Si and Si-on-SiO2,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 27(8), 1971–1974 (1991).
[Crossref]

I. Sawaki, T. Shimoe, H. Nakamoto, T. Iwama, T. Yamane, and H. Nakajima, “Rectangularly configured 4 x 4 Ti:LiNbO3 matrix switch with low drive voltage,” IEEE J. Sel. Areas Comm. 6(7), 1267–1272 (1988).
[Crossref]

B. G. Lee, A. Biberman, J. Chan, and K. Bergman, “High-performance modulators and switches for silicon photonic networks-on-chip,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 16(1), 6–22 (2010).
[Crossref]

A. Biberman, B. G. Lee, N. Sherwood-Droz, M. Lipson, and K. Bergman, “Broadband operation of nanophotonic router for silicon photonic networks-on-chip,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 22(12), 926–928 (2010).
[Crossref]

T. Goh, M. Yasu, K. Hattori, A. Himeno, M. Okuno, and Y. Ohmori, “Low-loss and high-extinction-ratio silica-based strictly nonblocking 16 × 16 thermo-optical matrix switch,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 10(6), 810–812 (1998).
[Crossref]

W. J. Wang, Y. Zhao, H. F. Zhou, Y. L. Hao, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “CMOS-compatible 1×3 silicon electro-optic switch with low crosstalk,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(11), 751–753 (2011).
[Crossref]

A. Himeno, R. Nagase, T. Ito, K. Kato, and M. Okuno, “Photonic intermodule connector using 8×8 optical switches for near-future electronic switching systems,” IEICE Trans. Commun. E77-B, 155–162 (1994).

N. S. Lagali, M. R. Palam, R. I. MacDonald, K. Worhoff, and A. Driessen, “Analysis of generalized Mach-Zehnder interferometers for variable-ratio power splitting and optimized switching,” J. Lightwave Technol. 17(12), 2542–2550 (1999).
[Crossref]

T. Barwicz, H. Byun, F. Gan, C. W. Holzwarth, M. A. Popovic, P. T. Rakich, M. R. Watts, E. P. Ippen, F. X. Kartner, H. I. Smith, J. S. Orcutt, R. J. Ram, V. Stojanovic, O. O. Olubuyide, J. L. Hoyt, S. Spector, M. Geis, M. Grein, T. Lyszczarz, and J. U. Yoon, “Silicon photonics for compact, energy-efficient interconnects [Invited],” J. Opt. Netw. 6(1), 63–73 (2007).
[Crossref]

Y. Zhao, H. F. Shao, T. Hu, P. Yu, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “A silicon quasi-DOS based on reverse-biased pn diode,” Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett. 54(3), 635–638 (2012).
[Crossref]

N. Sherwood-Droz, H. Wang, L. Chen, B. G. Lee, A. Biberman, K. Bergman, and M. Lipson, “Optical 4 × 4 hitless slicon router for optical networks-on-chip (NoC),” Opt. Express 16(20), 15915–15922 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

H. F. Zhou, Y. Zhao, W. J. Wang, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “Performance influence of carrier absorption to the Mach-Zehnder-interference based silicon optical switches,” Opt. Express 17, 7043–7051 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Yang, W. M. J. Green, S. Assefa, J. Van Campenhout, B. G. Lee, C. V. Jahnes, F. E. Doany, C. L. Schow, J. A. Kash, and Y. A. Vlasov, “Non-blocking 4 × 4 electro-Optic silicon switch for on-chip photonic networks,” Opt. Express 19(1), 47–54 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Y. T. Li, J. Z. Yu, S. W. Chen, Y. P. Li, and Y. Y. Chen, “Submicrosecond rearrangeable non-blocking silicon-on-insulator thermo-optic 4 × 4 switch matrix,” Opt. Lett. 32(6), 603–604 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

K. K. Lee, D. R. Lim, L. C. Kimerling, J. Shin, and F. Cerrina, “Fabrication of ultralow-loss Si/SiO2 waveguides by roughness reduction,” Opt. Lett. 26(23), 1888–1890 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Y. Zhao, H. F. Zhou, W. J. Wang, J. Y. Yang, M. H. Wang, and X. Q. Jiang, “Fabrication of silicon photonic devices by utilizing industrial CMOS technology,” Proc. SPIE 7516, 1–6 (2009).