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Mn-doped GaN as photoelectrodes for the photoelectrolysis of water under visible light

Shu-Yen Liu, J. K. Sheu, Yu-Chuan Lin, S. J. Tu, F. W. Huang, M. L. Lee, and W. C. Lai

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Abstract

Hydrogen generation through direct photoelectrolysis of water was studied using photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells made of Mn-doped GaN photoelectrodes. In addition to its absorption of the ultraviolet spectrum, Mn-doped GaN photoelectrodes could absorb photons in the visible spectrum. The photocurrents measured from PEC cells made of Mn-doped GaN were at least one order higher than those measured from PEC cells made of undoped GaN-working electrodes. Under the visible light illumination and a bias voltage below 1.2 V, the Mn-doped GaN photoelectrodes could drive the water splitting reaction for hydrogen generation. However, hydrogen generation could not be achieved under the same condition wherein undoped GaN photoelectrodes were used. According to the results of the spectral responses and transmission spectra obtained from the experimental photoelectrodes, the enhanced photocurrent in the Mn-doped GaN photoelectrodes, compared with the undoped GaN photoelectrodes, was attributable to the Mn-related intermediate band within the band gap of GaN that resulted in further photon absorption.

©2012 Optical Society of America

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Figures (4)
Fig. 1
Fig. 1 Schematic layer structures of the working electrodes (a) with Mn-doped GaN layer (PEC-I) and (b) without Mn-doped GaN layer (PEC-II).

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Fig. 2
Fig. 2 Typical photocurrent density-bias curves of the experimental PEC cells.

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3 Typical spectral responses of PEC-I and PEC-II (a) without a 400 nm long-pass filter and (b) with a 400 nm long-pass filter.

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Fig. 4
Fig. 4 Transmittance spectra of GaN epitaxial layers grown on double-polished sapphire substrate. The inset shows the schematic energy diagram for GaN with Mn-related intermediate band.

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