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Progress in phosphors and filters for luminescent solar concentrators

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Abstract

Luminescent solar concentrators would allow for high concentration if losses by reabsorption and escape could be minimized. We introduce a phosphor with close-to-optimal luminescent properties and hardly any reabsorption. A problem for use in a luminescent concentrator is the large scattering of this material; we discuss possible solutions for this. Furthermore, the use of broad-band cholesteric filters to prevent escape of luminescent radiation from this phosphor is investigated both experimentally and using simulations. Simulations are also used to predict the ultimate performance of luminescent concentrators.

©2012 Optical Society of America

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Figures (8)

Fig. 1
Fig. 1 (a) In a scattering concentrator, light initially in the light guide can escape by scattering. (b) In a luminescent concentrator, large part of the luminescent light stays inside the light guide. (c) If the luminescent material is not perfect, part of the luminescent light can escape. (d) A suitable wavelength-selective filter prevents escape of the luminescent light.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2 (a) Excitation (at emission wavelength 685 nm) and emission spectrum (at excitation wavelength 500 nm) of SrB4O7:5%Sm2+,5%Eu2+. (b) Energy levels and transitions for Sm2+.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3 (a) Refractive-index dispersion for SrB4O7 (solid line), high-index polyimide (dashed) and 29 volume% TiO2 nanoparticles in organic binder (dotted). (b). Measured (triangles) and calculated [21] (solid line) refractive index at 685 nm for TiO2 nanoparticles of various volume% dispersed in organic binder. Dashed line: index of SrB4O7.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4 Transmission spectra for various incident angles (in glass) of a right-handed CLC stacked on top of a left-handed CLC. The pitch varies linearly from 437 nm to 520 nm in the right-handed material and from 429 nm to 521 nm in the left-handed material, respectively. Dashed lines indicate the experiment, solid lines indicate simulated results.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5 Calculated reflectivity as a function of wavelength and (internal) angle of incidence for (a) no dispersion and (b) special dispersion. The dispersion of ne (solid line) and no (dashed) are shown in the insets.
Fig. 6
Fig. 6 Collection probability and concentration vs. relative reabsorption in an LSC. From top to bottom: with filter with special dispersion and 100% reflectivity, with filter with normal dispersion and 100% reflectivity, with filter with special dispersion and 90% reflectivity (dashed), with filter with normal dispersion and 90% reflectivity (dashed), without filter. (a) QE = 100%, (b) QE = 90%.
Fig. 7
Fig. 7 Collection probability and concentration vs. difference in refractive index between scattering phosphor particles and binder. From top to bottom: with filter with special dispersion and 100% reflectivity, with filter with normal dispersion and 100% reflectivity, with filter with special dispersion and 90% reflectivity (dashed), with filter with normal dispersion and 90% reflectivity (dashed), without filter, only scattering particles (dotted).
Fig. 8
Fig. 8 (From top to bottom:) concentration, relative performance and collection probability vs. geometric gain in an LSC, without (solid line) and with (dashed) filter, for (a) matching phosphor (nbinder = 1.7) and (b) non-matching phosphor (nbinder = 1.68).
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