Compensation of thermally induced depolarization in Faraday isolators for high average power lasers

Ilya Snetkov; Ivan Mukhin; Oleg Palashov; Efim Khazanov

doi:10.1364/OE.19.006366

Compensation of thermally induced depolarization in Faraday isolators for high average power lasers

Ilya Snetkov, Ivan Mukhin, Oleg Palashov, and Efim Khazanov

Optics Express
Vol. 19,
Issue 7,
pp. 6366-6376
(2011)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.19.006366

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Ilya Snetkov, Ivan Mukhin, Oleg Palashov, and Efim Khazanov, "Compensation of thermally induced depolarization in Faraday isolators for high average power lasers," Opt. Express 19, 6366-6376 (2011)

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Related Topics
Table of Contents Category
- Lasers and Laser Optics
Optics & Photonics Topics
?

The topics in this list come from the OSA Optics and Photonics Topics applied to this article.
Previously assigned OCIS codes
- Thermal effects (140.6810)
- Faraday effect (230.2240)
- Birefringence (260.1440)

About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: January 10, 2011
- Revised Manuscript: March 4, 2011
- Manuscript Accepted: March 6, 2011
- Published: March 21, 2011

Accessible

Open Access

Abstract

A compensation scheme for thermally induced birefringence in Faraday isolators is proposed. With the use of this scheme a 36-fold increase of the isolation degree was attained in experiment. A comparative analysis of the considered scheme and the earlier Faraday isolator schemes with high average radiation power is performed. A method for optimizing the earlier Faraday isolator scheme with birefringence compensation is developed.

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References

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Author
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Publication

G. Mueller, R. S. Amin, D. Guagliardo, D. McFeron, R. Lundock, D. H. Reitze, and D. B. Tanner, “Method for compensation of thermally induced modal distortions in the input optical components of gravitational wave interferometers,” Class. Quantum Gravity 19(7), 1793–1801 (2002).
[Crossref]
E. A. Khazanov, N. F. Andreev, A. N. Mal'shakov, O. V. Palashov, A. K. Poteomkin, A. M. Sergeev, A. A. Shaykin, V. V. Zelenogorsky, I. Ivanov, R. S. Amin, G. Mueller, D. B. Tanner, and D. H. Reitze, “Compensation of thermally induced modal distortions in Faraday isolators,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 40(10), 1500–1510 (2004).
[Crossref]
I. B. Mukhin, A. V. Voitovich, O. V. Palashov, and E. A. Khazanov, “2.1 tesla permanent -magnet Faraday isolator for subkilowatt average power lasers,” Opt. Commun. 282(10), 1969–1972 (2009).
[Crossref]
T. V. Zarubina and G. T. Petrovsky, “Magnetooptical glasses made in Russia,” Opticheskii Zhurnal 59, 48–52 (1992).
N. P. Barnes and L. P. Petway, “Variation of the Verdet constant with temperature of terbium gallium garnet,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 9, 1912–1915 (1992).
[Crossref]
R. Yasuhara, S. Tokita, J. Kawanaka, T. Kawashima, H. Kan, H. Yagi, H. Nozawa, T. Yanagitani, Y. Fujimoto, H. Yoshida, and M. Nakatsuka, “Cryogenic temperature characteristics of Verdet constant on terbium gallium garnet ceramics,” Opt. Express 15(18), 11255–11261 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]
E. A. Khazanov, O. V. Kulagin, S. Yoshida, D. Tanner, and D. Reitze, “Investigation of self-induced depolarization of laser radiation in terbium gallium garnet,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 35(8), 1116–1122 (1999).
[Crossref]
D. S. Zheleznov, A. V. Voitovich, I. B. Mukhin, O. V. Palashov, and E. A. Khazanov, “Considerable reduction of thermooptical distortions in Faraday isolators cooled to 77 K,” Quantum Electron. 36(4), 383–388 (2006).
[Crossref]
D. S. Zheleznov, V. V. Zelenogorskii, E. V. Katin, I. B. Mukhin, O. V. Palashov, and E. A. Khazanov, “Cryogenic Faraday isolator,” Quantum Electron. 40(3), 276–281 (2010).
[Crossref]
E. A. Khazanov, “Compensation of thermally induced polarization distortions in Faraday isolators,” Quantum Electron. 29(1), 59–64 (1999).
[Crossref]
E. Khazanov, N. Andreev, A. Babin, A. Kiselev, O. Palashov, and D. Reitze, “Suppression of self-induced depolarization of high-power laser radiation in glass-based Faraday isolators,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 17(1), 99–102 (2000).
[Crossref]
N. F. Andreev, O. V. Palashov, A. K. Potemkin, D. H. Reitze, A. M. Sergeev, and E. A. Khazanov, “45-dB Faraday isolator for 100-W average radiation power,” Quantum Electron. 30(12), 1107–1108 (2000).
[Crossref]
A. V. Voitovich, E. V. Katin, I. B. Mukhin, O. V. Palashov, and E. A. Khazanov, “Wide-aperture Faraday isolator for kilowatt average radiation powers,” Quantum Electron. 37(5), 471–474 (2007).
[Crossref]
R. C. Jones, “A new calculus for the treatment of optical systems,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 31(7), 488–503 (1941).
[Crossref]
M. J. Tabor and F. S. Chen, “Electromagnetic propagation through materials possessing both Faraday rotation and birefringence: experiments with ytterbium orthoferrite,” J. Appl. Phys. 40(7), 2760–2765 (1969).
[Crossref]
J. F. Nye, Physical Properties of Crystals (Oxford University Press, 1964).
E. Khazanov, N. Andreev, O. Palashov, A. Poteomkin, A. Sergeev, O. Mehl, and D. H. Reitze, “Effect of terbium gallium garnet crystal orientation on the isolation ratio of a Faraday isolator at high average power,” Appl. Opt. 41(3), 483–492 (2002).
[Crossref] [PubMed]
A. V. Starobor, D. S. Zheleznov, O. V. Palashov, and E. A. Khazanov, “Novel magnetooptical mediums for cryogenic Faraday isolator,” in ICONO/LAT 2010 (2010), LTuL23.

2010 (1)

D. S. Zheleznov, V. V. Zelenogorskii, E. V. Katin, I. B. Mukhin, O. V. Palashov, and E. A. Khazanov, “Cryogenic Faraday isolator,” Quantum Electron. 40(3), 276–281 (2010).
[Crossref]

2009 (1)

I. B. Mukhin, A. V. Voitovich, O. V. Palashov, and E. A. Khazanov, “2.1 tesla permanent -magnet Faraday isolator for subkilowatt average power lasers,” Opt. Commun. 282(10), 1969–1972 (2009).
[Crossref]

2007 (2)

A. V. Voitovich, E. V. Katin, I. B. Mukhin, O. V. Palashov, and E. A. Khazanov, “Wide-aperture Faraday isolator for kilowatt average radiation powers,” Quantum Electron. 37(5), 471–474 (2007).
[Crossref]

R. Yasuhara, S. Tokita, J. Kawanaka, T. Kawashima, H. Kan, H. Yagi, H. Nozawa, T. Yanagitani, Y. Fujimoto, H. Yoshida, and M. Nakatsuka, “Cryogenic temperature characteristics of Verdet constant on terbium gallium garnet ceramics,” Opt. Express 15(18), 11255–11261 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2006 (1)

D. S. Zheleznov, A. V. Voitovich, I. B. Mukhin, O. V. Palashov, and E. A. Khazanov, “Considerable reduction of thermooptical distortions in Faraday isolators cooled to 77 K,” Quantum Electron. 36(4), 383–388 (2006).
[Crossref]

2004 (1)

E. A. Khazanov, N. F. Andreev, A. N. Mal'shakov, O. V. Palashov, A. K. Poteomkin, A. M. Sergeev, A. A. Shaykin, V. V. Zelenogorsky, I. Ivanov, R. S. Amin, G. Mueller, D. B. Tanner, and D. H. Reitze, “Compensation of thermally induced modal distortions in Faraday isolators,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 40(10), 1500–1510 (2004).
[Crossref]

2002 (2)

G. Mueller, R. S. Amin, D. Guagliardo, D. McFeron, R. Lundock, D. H. Reitze, and D. B. Tanner, “Method for compensation of thermally induced modal distortions in the input optical components of gravitational wave interferometers,” Class. Quantum Gravity 19(7), 1793–1801 (2002).
[Crossref]

E. Khazanov, N. Andreev, O. Palashov, A. Poteomkin, A. Sergeev, O. Mehl, and D. H. Reitze, “Effect of terbium gallium garnet crystal orientation on the isolation ratio of a Faraday isolator at high average power,” Appl. Opt. 41(3), 483–492 (2002).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2000 (2)

N. F. Andreev, O. V. Palashov, A. K. Potemkin, D. H. Reitze, A. M. Sergeev, and E. A. Khazanov, “45-dB Faraday isolator for 100-W average radiation power,” Quantum Electron. 30(12), 1107–1108 (2000).
[Crossref]

E. Khazanov, N. Andreev, A. Babin, A. Kiselev, O. Palashov, and D. Reitze, “Suppression of self-induced depolarization of high-power laser radiation in glass-based Faraday isolators,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 17(1), 99–102 (2000).
[Crossref]

1999 (2)

E. A. Khazanov, O. V. Kulagin, S. Yoshida, D. Tanner, and D. Reitze, “Investigation of self-induced depolarization of laser radiation in terbium gallium garnet,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 35(8), 1116–1122 (1999).
[Crossref]

E. A. Khazanov, “Compensation of thermally induced polarization distortions in Faraday isolators,” Quantum Electron. 29(1), 59–64 (1999).
[Crossref]

1992 (2)

T. V. Zarubina and G. T. Petrovsky, “Magnetooptical glasses made in Russia,” Opticheskii Zhurnal 59, 48–52 (1992).

N. P. Barnes and L. P. Petway, “Variation of the Verdet constant with temperature of terbium gallium garnet,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 9, 1912–1915 (1992).
[Crossref]

1969 (1)

M. J. Tabor and F. S. Chen, “Electromagnetic propagation through materials possessing both Faraday rotation and birefringence: experiments with ytterbium orthoferrite,” J. Appl. Phys. 40(7), 2760–2765 (1969).
[Crossref]

1941 (1)

R. C. Jones, “A new calculus for the treatment of optical systems,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 31(7), 488–503 (1941).
[Crossref]

Amin, R. S.

Andreev, N.

Andreev, N. F.

Babin, A.

Barnes, N. P.

N. P. Barnes and L. P. Petway, “Variation of the Verdet constant with temperature of terbium gallium garnet,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 9, 1912–1915 (1992).
[Crossref]

Chen, F. S.

Fujimoto, Y.

Guagliardo, D.

Ivanov, I.

Jones, R. C.

R. C. Jones, “A new calculus for the treatment of optical systems,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 31(7), 488–503 (1941).
[Crossref]

Kan, H.

Katin, E. V.

D. S. Zheleznov, V. V. Zelenogorskii, E. V. Katin, I. B. Mukhin, O. V. Palashov, and E. A. Khazanov, “Cryogenic Faraday isolator,” Quantum Electron. 40(3), 276–281 (2010).
[Crossref]

Kawanaka, J.

Kawashima, T.

Khazanov, E.

Khazanov, E. A.

D. S. Zheleznov, V. V. Zelenogorskii, E. V. Katin, I. B. Mukhin, O. V. Palashov, and E. A. Khazanov, “Cryogenic Faraday isolator,” Quantum Electron. 40(3), 276–281 (2010).
[Crossref]

E. A. Khazanov, “Compensation of thermally induced polarization distortions in Faraday isolators,” Quantum Electron. 29(1), 59–64 (1999).
[Crossref]

Kiselev, A.

Kulagin, O. V.

Lundock, R.

Mal'shakov, A. N.

McFeron, D.

Mehl, O.

Mueller, G.

Mukhin, I. B.

D. S. Zheleznov, V. V. Zelenogorskii, E. V. Katin, I. B. Mukhin, O. V. Palashov, and E. A. Khazanov, “Cryogenic Faraday isolator,” Quantum Electron. 40(3), 276–281 (2010).
[Crossref]

Nakatsuka, M.

Nozawa, H.

Palashov, O.

Palashov, O. V.

D. S. Zheleznov, V. V. Zelenogorskii, E. V. Katin, I. B. Mukhin, O. V. Palashov, and E. A. Khazanov, “Cryogenic Faraday isolator,” Quantum Electron. 40(3), 276–281 (2010).
[Crossref]

Petrovsky, G. T.

T. V. Zarubina and G. T. Petrovsky, “Magnetooptical glasses made in Russia,” Opticheskii Zhurnal 59, 48–52 (1992).

Petway, L. P.

N. P. Barnes and L. P. Petway, “Variation of the Verdet constant with temperature of terbium gallium garnet,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 9, 1912–1915 (1992).
[Crossref]

Potemkin, A. K.

Poteomkin, A.

Poteomkin, A. K.

Reitze, D.

Reitze, D. H.

Sergeev, A.

Sergeev, A. M.

Shaykin, A. A.

Tabor, M. J.

Tanner, D.

Tanner, D. B.

Tokita, S.

Voitovich, A. V.

Yagi, H.

Yanagitani, T.

Yasuhara, R.

Yoshida, H.

Yoshida, S.

Zarubina, T. V.

T. V. Zarubina and G. T. Petrovsky, “Magnetooptical glasses made in Russia,” Opticheskii Zhurnal 59, 48–52 (1992).

Zelenogorskii, V. V.

D. S. Zheleznov, V. V. Zelenogorskii, E. V. Katin, I. B. Mukhin, O. V. Palashov, and E. A. Khazanov, “Cryogenic Faraday isolator,” Quantum Electron. 40(3), 276–281 (2010).
[Crossref]

Zelenogorsky, V. V.

Zheleznov, D. S.

D. S. Zheleznov, V. V. Zelenogorskii, E. V. Katin, I. B. Mukhin, O. V. Palashov, and E. A. Khazanov, “Cryogenic Faraday isolator,” Quantum Electron. 40(3), 276–281 (2010).
[Crossref]

Appl. Opt. (1)

Class. Quantum Gravity (1)

IEEE J. Quantum Electron. (2)

J. Appl. Phys. (1)

J. Opt. Soc. Am. (1)

R. C. Jones, “A new calculus for the treatment of optical systems,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 31(7), 488–503 (1941).
[Crossref]

J. Opt. Soc. Am. B (2)

N. P. Barnes and L. P. Petway, “Variation of the Verdet constant with temperature of terbium gallium garnet,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 9, 1912–1915 (1992).
[Crossref]

Opt. Commun. (1)

Opt. Express (1)

Opticheskii Zhurnal (1)

T. V. Zarubina and G. T. Petrovsky, “Magnetooptical glasses made in Russia,” Opticheskii Zhurnal 59, 48–52 (1992).

Quantum Electron. (5)

D. S. Zheleznov, V. V. Zelenogorskii, E. V. Katin, I. B. Mukhin, O. V. Palashov, and E. A. Khazanov, “Cryogenic Faraday isolator,” Quantum Electron. 40(3), 276–281 (2010).
[Crossref]

E. A. Khazanov, “Compensation of thermally induced polarization distortions in Faraday isolators,” Quantum Electron. 29(1), 59–64 (1999).
[Crossref]

Other (2)

J. F. Nye, Physical Properties of Crystals (Oxford University Press, 1964).

A. V. Starobor, D. S. Zheleznov, O. V. Palashov, and E. A. Khazanov, “Novel magnetooptical mediums for cryogenic Faraday isolator,” in ICONO/LAT 2010 (2010), LTuL23.

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Fig. 1

FI schematic: (a) traditional, (b) internal compensation, (c) external compensation. 1,4 – polarizers; 2 – λ/2 plate; 3 – 45° MOE; 5 – 22.5° MOE; 6 – polarization rotator; 7 – additional optical element.

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Fig. 2

Integral depolarization as a function of normalized power p absorbed in MOE for [001] (a) and [111] (b) crystal orientations. Red curves – traditional FI [Fig. 1(a)]; blue curves – FI with internal compensation [Fig. 1(b)]; green curves – FI with external compensation [Fig. 1(c)]. Dashed curves are plotted for (a) by formulas (23)–(25) and for (b) by formulas (23)–(25) with the substitution of (11). The solid curves correspond to numerical computations under the condition θ₁ = θ₂ . The dashdot curves correspond to the numerical computations for the parameter values close to the optimum ones.

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Fig. 3

Integral depolarization versus θ _r and D (a and b) and versus θ₁ and θ₁-θ₂ (c and d) for internal [Fig. 1(b)] compensation (a and c) and external [Fig. 1(c)] compensation (b and d) for [001] crystal orientation.

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Fig. 4

Scheme for thermally induced depolarization measurement: 1 – calcite wedge, 2 – beam absorber, 3 – MOE, 4 – quartz rotator, 5 – additional optical element (TGG crystal), 6 – quartz wedge, 7 – Glan prism, 8 – CCD camera.

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Fig. 5

Integral depolarization versus laser radiation power. Circles – experimental results, solid curves – theoretical computations. Red color – γ₀ ; blue color – γ_out for parameters realized in experiment, green color – γ_out for optimal parameters

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Fig. 6

Angular dependence of integral depolarization γ at external compensation.

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Equations (27)

Equations on this page are rendered with MathJax. Learn more.

E_{A} = E_{0} x_{0} \exp (- r^{2} / r_{h}^{2}),

Г = \frac{{| E_{B} x_{0} |}^{2}}{{| E_{A} |}^{2}},

γ = \frac{\int_{0}^{2 π} d ϕ \int_{0}^{^{\infty}} Г (r, ϕ) \exp (- r^{2} / r_{h}^{2}) r d r}{\int_{0}^{2 π} d ϕ \int_{0}^{\infty} \exp (- r^{2} / r_{h}^{2}) r d r} .

R (θ_{r}) = (\begin{matrix} \cos θ_{r} & - \sin θ_{r} \\ \sin θ_{r} & \cos θ_{r} \end{matrix}), L (θ_{p l}) = (\begin{matrix} \cos 2 θ_{p l} & \sin 2 θ_{p l} \\ \sin 2 θ_{p l} & - \cos 2 θ_{p l} \end{matrix}),

F (Ф = \frac{δ_{c}}{2}, δ_{l i n}, Ψ) = \sin \frac{δ}{2} (\begin{matrix} \cot \frac{δ}{2} - i \frac{δ_{l i n}}{δ} \cos 2 Ψ & - \frac{δ_{c}}{δ} - i \frac{δ_{l i n}}{δ} \sin 2 Ψ \\ \frac{δ_{c}}{δ} - i \frac{δ_{l i n}}{δ} \sin 2 Ψ & \cot \frac{δ}{2} + i \frac{δ_{l i n}}{δ} \cos 2 Ψ \end{matrix}),

δ^{2} = δ_{l i n}^{2} + δ_{c}^{2},

δ_{l i n} = p h \sqrt{\frac{1 + ξ^{2} \tan^{2} (2 θ - 2 ϕ)}{1 + \tan^{2} (2 θ - 2 ϕ)}},

\tan (2 Ψ - 2 θ) = ξ \tan (2 ϕ - 2 θ),

p = \frac{Q P_{h}}{λ κ},

\begin{array}{l} h = \frac{{(r / r_{h})}^{2} + \exp (- r^{2} / r_{h}^{2}) - 1}{{(r / r_{h})}^{2}}, ξ = \frac{2 p_{44}}{p_{11} - p_{12}}, \\ Q = α_{T} \frac{n_{0}^{3}}{4} \frac{1 + ν}{1 - ν} (p_{11} - p_{12}), P_{h} = (1 - \exp (- α_{0} L)) P_{i n} \approx α_{0} L P_{i n}, \end{array}

ξ \to 1, p \to p \frac{1 + 2 ξ}{3},

\begin{array}{l} E_{B 0} = L (2 θ_{p l} = - π / 4) \cdot F (Ф = π / 4, δ_{l i n 1}, Ψ_{1}) \cdot E_{A}, \\ E_{B i n} = L (2 θ_{p l} = π / 4 - θ_{r}) \cdot F (Ф = π / 8, δ_{l i n 2}, Ψ_{2}) \cdot R (θ_{r}) \cdot F (Ф = π / 8, δ_{l i n 1}, Ψ_{1}) \cdot E_{A}, \\ E_{B o u t} = L (2 θ_{p l} = π / 4 - θ_{r}) \cdot F (Ф = 0, δ_{l i n 2}, Ψ_{2}) \cdot R (θ_{r}) \cdot F (Ф = π / 4, δ_{l i n 1}, Ψ_{1}) \cdot E_{A} . \end{array}

δ_{l i n} < < 1.

Г_{0} = \frac{2 {sin}^{2} (2 Ψ - π / 4)}{π^{2}} δ_{l i n}^{2} + O (δ_{l i n}^{4}),

Г_{in} = \frac{4 δ_{l i n l}^{2}}{π^{2}} (2 - \sqrt{2}) {(\sin (2 θ_{r} + \frac{3 π}{8} - 2 Ψ) G + \cos (\frac{3 π}{8} + 2 Ψ))}^{2} + O (δ_{l i n}^{4}),

Г_{out} = \frac{δ_{l i n 1}^{2}}{π^{2}} {(\frac{π}{2} \cos (2 θ_{r} - 2 Ψ) G + \cos (2 Ψ) - \sin (2 Ψ))}^{2} + O (δ_{l i n}^{4}),

G = \frac{δ_{l i n 2}}{δ_{l i n 1}} = D \sqrt{\frac{(1 + ξ_{2}^{2} \tan^{2} (2 θ - 2 ϕ))}{(1 + ξ_{1}^{2} \tan^{2} (2 θ - 2 ϕ))}},

D = p_{2} / p_{1} .

θ_{r i n} = θ_{r i n}^{o p t} = 3 π / 8 + π m, G_{i n} = G_{i n}^{o p t} = 1,

θ_{r o u t} = θ_{r o u t}^{o p t} = 3 π / 8 + π m, G_{o u t} = G_{o u t}^{o p t} = \sqrt{8} / π .

Г_{i n}^{o p t} = 4 \frac{{(π - 2 \sqrt{2})}^{2}}{π^{4}} δ_{l i n}^{4} + O (δ_{l i n}^{6}),

Г_{o u t}^{o p t} = \frac{{(π - 2)}^{2}}{4 π^{4}} δ_{l i n}^{4} + O (δ_{l i n}^{6}) .

γ_{0} (θ = - \frac{π}{8}) = p^{2} \frac{A_{1}}{π^{2}} \approx 0.014 p^{2},

γ_{i n} (θ_{r}^{o p t}, G^{o p t}) = p_{}^{4} \frac{A_{2}}{π^{4}} \frac{3}{32} {(π - 2 \sqrt{2})}^{2} [ξ^{4} + \frac{2}{3} ξ^{2} + 1] \approx 0.4 \cdot 10^{- 5} [ξ^{4} + \frac{2}{3} ξ^{2} + 1] p^{4},

γ_{o u t} (θ_{r}^{o p t}, G^{o p t}) = p^{4} \frac{A_{2}}{π^{4}} \frac{3}{32} {(π - 2)}^{2} [ξ^{4} + \frac{2}{3} ξ^{2} + 1] \approx 5.3 \cdot 10^{- 5} [ξ^{4} + \frac{2}{3} ξ^{2} + 1] p^{4},

A_{1} = {\int_{0}^{\infty} [\frac{y + \exp (- y) - 1}{y}]}^{2} \frac{d y}{\exp (y)} \approx 0.137,

A_{2} = {\int_{0}^{\infty} [\frac{y + \exp (- y) - 1}{y}]}^{4} \frac{d y}{\exp (y)} \approx 0.042.

Abstract

References

2010 (1)

2009 (1)

2007 (2)

2006 (1)

2004 (1)

2002 (2)

2000 (2)

1999 (2)

1992 (2)

1969 (1)

1941 (1)

Amin, R. S.

Andreev, N.

Andreev, N. F.

Babin, A.

Barnes, N. P.

Chen, F. S.

Fujimoto, Y.

Guagliardo, D.

Ivanov, I.

Jones, R. C.

Kan, H.

Katin, E. V.

Kawanaka, J.

Kawashima, T.

Khazanov, E.

Khazanov, E. A.

Kiselev, A.

Kulagin, O. V.

Lundock, R.

Mal'shakov, A. N.

McFeron, D.

Mehl, O.

Mueller, G.

Mukhin, I. B.

Nakatsuka, M.

Nozawa, H.

Palashov, O.

Palashov, O. V.

Petrovsky, G. T.

Petway, L. P.

Potemkin, A. K.

Poteomkin, A.

Poteomkin, A. K.

Reitze, D.

Reitze, D. H.

Sergeev, A.

Sergeev, A. M.

Shaykin, A. A.

Tabor, M. J.

Tanner, D.

Tanner, D. B.

Tokita, S.

Voitovich, A. V.

Yagi, H.

Yanagitani, T.

Yasuhara, R.

Yoshida, H.

Yoshida, S.

Zarubina, T. V.

Zelenogorskii, V. V.

Zelenogorsky, V. V.

Zheleznov, D. S.

Appl. Opt. (1)

Class. Quantum Gravity (1)

IEEE J. Quantum Electron. (2)

J. Appl. Phys. (1)

J. Opt. Soc. Am. (1)

J. Opt. Soc. Am. B (2)

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