Abstract

To achieve a nearly zero-delay operating point in a polarization-maintaining (PM) fiber Sagnac interferometer, two identical PM fibers were incorporated so that their two main axes were orthogonally coupled to each other. A simple fiber vibration sensor system was constructed with a light emitting diode and a balanced PM fiber Sagnac interferometer, in which one of the PM fibers was used as a sensing cable and the other as a reference cable. The vibration sensor was confirmed to be temperature-compensated and generated a phase shift per unit length and unit strain of the sensor of 4.7 milliradian / (m·μɛ) when mechanical vibrations with 1 kHz sinusoidal and triangular waves were stably observed under an input power of 10 μW.

© 2011 OSA

Full Article  |  PDF Article
OSA Recommended Articles
Pressure sensor realized with polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber-based Sagnac interferometer

H. Y. Fu, H. Y. Tam, Li-Yang Shao, Xinyong Dong, P. K. A. Wai, C. Lu, and Sunil K. Khijwania
Appl. Opt. 47(15) 2835-2839 (2008)

The temperature sensitivity of Sagnac loop interferometer based on polarization maintaining side-hole fiber

Dae Seung Moon, Bok Hyeon Kim, Aoxiang Lin, Guoyong Sun, Young-Geun Han, Won-Taek Han, and Youngjoo Chung
Opt. Express 15(13) 7962-7967 (2007)

Multiplexing of polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber based Sagnac interferometric sensors

H. Y. Fu, A. C. L. Wong, P. A. Childs, H. Y. Tam, Y. B. Liao, C. Lu, and P. K. A. Wai
Opt. Express 17(21) 18501-18512 (2009)

More Recommended Articles

References

  • View by:
  • Article Order
  • |
  • Year
  • |
  • Author
  • |
  • Publication
  1. K. T. V. Grattan and T. Sun, “Fiber optic sensor technology: an overview,” Sens. Actuators 82, 40–61 (2000).
    [Crossref]
  2. Q. Sun, D. Liu, J. Wang, and H. Liu, “Distributed fiber-optic vibration sensor using a ring Mach-Zehnder interferometer,” Opt. Commun. 281, 1538–1544 (2008).
    [Crossref]
  3. S. Tanaka, H. Somatomo, A. Wada, and N. Takahashi, “Fiber-optic mechanical vibration sensor using long-period fiber grating,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 48, 07GE05 (2009).
    [Crossref]
  4. A. M. Yurek, A. B. Tveten, and A. Dandridge, “High performance fiber optic hydrophones in the Arctic environment,” in Int’l Conf. on Optical Fiber Sensors (IREE, Dec.1990, Sydney) pp. 321–324.
    [PubMed]
  5. R. Sato, H. Ishii, K. Dobashi, H. Kamata, and A. Saito, “Pressure balancing structure for fiber-optic flexural disk acoustic sensor,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 32, 2473–2476 (1993).
    [Crossref]
  6. A. N. Starodumov, L. A. Zenteno, D. Monzon, and E. De La Rosa, “Fiber Sagnac interferometer temperature sensor,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 70, 19–21 (1997).
    [Crossref]
  7. X. Dong and H. Y. Tam, “Temperature-insensitive strain sensor with polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber based Sagnac interferometer,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 151113 (2007).
    [Crossref]
  8. J. P. Dakin and C. A. Wade, “Compensated polarimetric sensor using polarization-maintaining fibre in a differential configuration,” Electron. Lett. 20, 51–53 (1984).
    [Crossref]
  9. J. Y. Wang, T. Y. Liu, C. Wang, X. H. Liu, D. H. Huo, and J. Chang, “A micro-seismic fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor system based on a distributed feedback laser,” Meas. Sci. Technol. 21, 094012 (2010).
    [Crossref]

2010 (1)

J. Y. Wang, T. Y. Liu, C. Wang, X. H. Liu, D. H. Huo, and J. Chang, “A micro-seismic fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor system based on a distributed feedback laser,” Meas. Sci. Technol. 21, 094012 (2010).
[Crossref]

2009 (1)

S. Tanaka, H. Somatomo, A. Wada, and N. Takahashi, “Fiber-optic mechanical vibration sensor using long-period fiber grating,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 48, 07GE05 (2009).
[Crossref]

2008 (1)

Q. Sun, D. Liu, J. Wang, and H. Liu, “Distributed fiber-optic vibration sensor using a ring Mach-Zehnder interferometer,” Opt. Commun. 281, 1538–1544 (2008).
[Crossref]

2007 (1)

X. Dong and H. Y. Tam, “Temperature-insensitive strain sensor with polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber based Sagnac interferometer,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 151113 (2007).
[Crossref]

2000 (1)

K. T. V. Grattan and T. Sun, “Fiber optic sensor technology: an overview,” Sens. Actuators 82, 40–61 (2000).
[Crossref]

1997 (1)

A. N. Starodumov, L. A. Zenteno, D. Monzon, and E. De La Rosa, “Fiber Sagnac interferometer temperature sensor,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 70, 19–21 (1997).
[Crossref]

1993 (1)

R. Sato, H. Ishii, K. Dobashi, H. Kamata, and A. Saito, “Pressure balancing structure for fiber-optic flexural disk acoustic sensor,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 32, 2473–2476 (1993).
[Crossref]

1984 (1)

J. P. Dakin and C. A. Wade, “Compensated polarimetric sensor using polarization-maintaining fibre in a differential configuration,” Electron. Lett. 20, 51–53 (1984).
[Crossref]

Chang, J.

J. Y. Wang, T. Y. Liu, C. Wang, X. H. Liu, D. H. Huo, and J. Chang, “A micro-seismic fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor system based on a distributed feedback laser,” Meas. Sci. Technol. 21, 094012 (2010).
[Crossref]

Dakin, J. P.

J. P. Dakin and C. A. Wade, “Compensated polarimetric sensor using polarization-maintaining fibre in a differential configuration,” Electron. Lett. 20, 51–53 (1984).
[Crossref]

Dandridge, A.

A. M. Yurek, A. B. Tveten, and A. Dandridge, “High performance fiber optic hydrophones in the Arctic environment,” in Int’l Conf. on Optical Fiber Sensors (IREE, Dec.1990, Sydney) pp. 321–324.
[PubMed]

De La Rosa, E.

A. N. Starodumov, L. A. Zenteno, D. Monzon, and E. De La Rosa, “Fiber Sagnac interferometer temperature sensor,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 70, 19–21 (1997).
[Crossref]

Dobashi, K.

R. Sato, H. Ishii, K. Dobashi, H. Kamata, and A. Saito, “Pressure balancing structure for fiber-optic flexural disk acoustic sensor,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 32, 2473–2476 (1993).
[Crossref]

Dong, X.

X. Dong and H. Y. Tam, “Temperature-insensitive strain sensor with polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber based Sagnac interferometer,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 151113 (2007).
[Crossref]

Grattan, K. T. V.

K. T. V. Grattan and T. Sun, “Fiber optic sensor technology: an overview,” Sens. Actuators 82, 40–61 (2000).
[Crossref]

Huo, D. H.

J. Y. Wang, T. Y. Liu, C. Wang, X. H. Liu, D. H. Huo, and J. Chang, “A micro-seismic fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor system based on a distributed feedback laser,” Meas. Sci. Technol. 21, 094012 (2010).
[Crossref]

Ishii, H.

R. Sato, H. Ishii, K. Dobashi, H. Kamata, and A. Saito, “Pressure balancing structure for fiber-optic flexural disk acoustic sensor,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 32, 2473–2476 (1993).
[Crossref]

Kamata, H.

R. Sato, H. Ishii, K. Dobashi, H. Kamata, and A. Saito, “Pressure balancing structure for fiber-optic flexural disk acoustic sensor,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 32, 2473–2476 (1993).
[Crossref]

Liu, D.

Q. Sun, D. Liu, J. Wang, and H. Liu, “Distributed fiber-optic vibration sensor using a ring Mach-Zehnder interferometer,” Opt. Commun. 281, 1538–1544 (2008).
[Crossref]

Liu, H.

Q. Sun, D. Liu, J. Wang, and H. Liu, “Distributed fiber-optic vibration sensor using a ring Mach-Zehnder interferometer,” Opt. Commun. 281, 1538–1544 (2008).
[Crossref]

Liu, T. Y.

J. Y. Wang, T. Y. Liu, C. Wang, X. H. Liu, D. H. Huo, and J. Chang, “A micro-seismic fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor system based on a distributed feedback laser,” Meas. Sci. Technol. 21, 094012 (2010).
[Crossref]

Liu, X. H.

J. Y. Wang, T. Y. Liu, C. Wang, X. H. Liu, D. H. Huo, and J. Chang, “A micro-seismic fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor system based on a distributed feedback laser,” Meas. Sci. Technol. 21, 094012 (2010).
[Crossref]

Monzon, D.

A. N. Starodumov, L. A. Zenteno, D. Monzon, and E. De La Rosa, “Fiber Sagnac interferometer temperature sensor,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 70, 19–21 (1997).
[Crossref]

Saito, A.

R. Sato, H. Ishii, K. Dobashi, H. Kamata, and A. Saito, “Pressure balancing structure for fiber-optic flexural disk acoustic sensor,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 32, 2473–2476 (1993).
[Crossref]

Sato, R.

R. Sato, H. Ishii, K. Dobashi, H. Kamata, and A. Saito, “Pressure balancing structure for fiber-optic flexural disk acoustic sensor,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 32, 2473–2476 (1993).
[Crossref]

Somatomo, H.

S. Tanaka, H. Somatomo, A. Wada, and N. Takahashi, “Fiber-optic mechanical vibration sensor using long-period fiber grating,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 48, 07GE05 (2009).
[Crossref]

Starodumov, A. N.

A. N. Starodumov, L. A. Zenteno, D. Monzon, and E. De La Rosa, “Fiber Sagnac interferometer temperature sensor,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 70, 19–21 (1997).
[Crossref]

Sun, Q.

Q. Sun, D. Liu, J. Wang, and H. Liu, “Distributed fiber-optic vibration sensor using a ring Mach-Zehnder interferometer,” Opt. Commun. 281, 1538–1544 (2008).
[Crossref]

Sun, T.

K. T. V. Grattan and T. Sun, “Fiber optic sensor technology: an overview,” Sens. Actuators 82, 40–61 (2000).
[Crossref]

Takahashi, N.

S. Tanaka, H. Somatomo, A. Wada, and N. Takahashi, “Fiber-optic mechanical vibration sensor using long-period fiber grating,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 48, 07GE05 (2009).
[Crossref]

Tam, H. Y.

X. Dong and H. Y. Tam, “Temperature-insensitive strain sensor with polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber based Sagnac interferometer,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 151113 (2007).
[Crossref]

Tanaka, S.

S. Tanaka, H. Somatomo, A. Wada, and N. Takahashi, “Fiber-optic mechanical vibration sensor using long-period fiber grating,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 48, 07GE05 (2009).
[Crossref]

Tveten, A. B.

A. M. Yurek, A. B. Tveten, and A. Dandridge, “High performance fiber optic hydrophones in the Arctic environment,” in Int’l Conf. on Optical Fiber Sensors (IREE, Dec.1990, Sydney) pp. 321–324.
[PubMed]

Wada, A.

S. Tanaka, H. Somatomo, A. Wada, and N. Takahashi, “Fiber-optic mechanical vibration sensor using long-period fiber grating,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 48, 07GE05 (2009).
[Crossref]

Wade, C. A.

J. P. Dakin and C. A. Wade, “Compensated polarimetric sensor using polarization-maintaining fibre in a differential configuration,” Electron. Lett. 20, 51–53 (1984).
[Crossref]

Wang, C.

J. Y. Wang, T. Y. Liu, C. Wang, X. H. Liu, D. H. Huo, and J. Chang, “A micro-seismic fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor system based on a distributed feedback laser,” Meas. Sci. Technol. 21, 094012 (2010).
[Crossref]

Wang, J.

Q. Sun, D. Liu, J. Wang, and H. Liu, “Distributed fiber-optic vibration sensor using a ring Mach-Zehnder interferometer,” Opt. Commun. 281, 1538–1544 (2008).
[Crossref]

Wang, J. Y.

J. Y. Wang, T. Y. Liu, C. Wang, X. H. Liu, D. H. Huo, and J. Chang, “A micro-seismic fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor system based on a distributed feedback laser,” Meas. Sci. Technol. 21, 094012 (2010).
[Crossref]

Yurek, A. M.

A. M. Yurek, A. B. Tveten, and A. Dandridge, “High performance fiber optic hydrophones in the Arctic environment,” in Int’l Conf. on Optical Fiber Sensors (IREE, Dec.1990, Sydney) pp. 321–324.
[PubMed]

Zenteno, L. A.

A. N. Starodumov, L. A. Zenteno, D. Monzon, and E. De La Rosa, “Fiber Sagnac interferometer temperature sensor,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 70, 19–21 (1997).
[Crossref]

Appl. Phys. Lett. (2)

A. N. Starodumov, L. A. Zenteno, D. Monzon, and E. De La Rosa, “Fiber Sagnac interferometer temperature sensor,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 70, 19–21 (1997).
[Crossref]

X. Dong and H. Y. Tam, “Temperature-insensitive strain sensor with polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber based Sagnac interferometer,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 151113 (2007).
[Crossref]

Electron. Lett. (1)

J. P. Dakin and C. A. Wade, “Compensated polarimetric sensor using polarization-maintaining fibre in a differential configuration,” Electron. Lett. 20, 51–53 (1984).
[Crossref]

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. (2)

S. Tanaka, H. Somatomo, A. Wada, and N. Takahashi, “Fiber-optic mechanical vibration sensor using long-period fiber grating,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 48, 07GE05 (2009).
[Crossref]

R. Sato, H. Ishii, K. Dobashi, H. Kamata, and A. Saito, “Pressure balancing structure for fiber-optic flexural disk acoustic sensor,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 32, 2473–2476 (1993).
[Crossref]

Meas. Sci. Technol. (1)

J. Y. Wang, T. Y. Liu, C. Wang, X. H. Liu, D. H. Huo, and J. Chang, “A micro-seismic fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor system based on a distributed feedback laser,” Meas. Sci. Technol. 21, 094012 (2010).
[Crossref]

Opt. Commun. (1)

Q. Sun, D. Liu, J. Wang, and H. Liu, “Distributed fiber-optic vibration sensor using a ring Mach-Zehnder interferometer,” Opt. Commun. 281, 1538–1544 (2008).
[Crossref]

Sens. Actuators (1)

K. T. V. Grattan and T. Sun, “Fiber optic sensor technology: an overview,” Sens. Actuators 82, 40–61 (2000).
[Crossref]

Other (1)

A. M. Yurek, A. B. Tveten, and A. Dandridge, “High performance fiber optic hydrophones in the Arctic environment,” in Int’l Conf. on Optical Fiber Sensors (IREE, Dec.1990, Sydney) pp. 321–324.
[PubMed]

Cited By

OSA participates in Crossref's Cited-By Linking service. Citing articles from OSA journals and other participating publishers are listed here.

Alert me when this article is cited.


Figures (10)

Fig. 1
Fig. 1

A conventional PM fiber Sagnac interferometer temperature sensor system.

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 2
Fig. 2

The power spectrum of the LED output.

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 3
Fig. 3

Output power spectra from the PM fiber Sagnac interferometer observed at sensor temperatures of (a) 15.5 deg C, (b) 18.5 deg C, and (c) 22.0 deg C, respectively. Parts of these results are superimposed in the magnified view (d).

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 4
Fig. 4

The proposed balanced PM fiber Sagnac interferometer vibration sensor system.

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 5
Fig. 5

Output power spectrum from the balanced PM fiber Sagnac interferometer.

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 6
Fig. 6

Output power spectra from the proposed system in Fig. 4 observed when the temperature of PMF1 was varied from 15.5 deg C to 22.0 deg C, while maintaining the temperature of PMF2 at 27 deg C.

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 7
Fig. 7

Variation in the output power from the proposed system in Fig. 4 as a function of temperature. Filled squares indicate the case where only PMF1 was subjected to temperature variation, and open squares indicate the case where both PMF1 and PMF2 were subjected to temperature variation.

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 8
Fig. 8

Experimental configuration for vibration sensing.

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 9
Fig. 9

Examples of observed vibration waveforms when (a) sinusoidal and (b) triangular voltage waveforms with amplitudes of 5 V, 10 V, and 15 V at 1 kHz repetition rate were applied to the cylindrical piezoelectric body of the sensor system in Fig. 8.

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 10
Fig. 10

Sinusoidal vibration waveforms observed when only PMF1 is subjected to a temperature variation from 15.5 deg C to 18.5 deg C. An ac voltage of ±10 V at 1 kHz repetition rate was applied to the cylindrical piezoelectric body.

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Metrics