Photonic crystal intermediate reflectors for micromorph solar cells: a comparative study

T. Suezaki, P. G. O’Brien, J. I. L. Chen, E. Loso, N. P. Kherani, and G. A. Ozin, “Tailoring the Electrical Properties of Inverse Silicon Opals - A Step Towards Optically Amplified Silicon Solar Cells,” Adv. Mater. 21(5), 559–563 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. Bielawny, C. Rockstuhl, F. Lederer, and R. B. Wehrspohn, “Intermediate reflectors for enhanced top cell performance in photovoltaic thin-film tandem cells,” Opt. Express 17(10), 8439–8446 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Bielawny, J. Üpping, P. T. Miclea, R. B. Wehrspohn, C. Rockstuhl, F. Lederer, M. Peters, L. Steidl, R. Zentel, S.-M. Lee, M. Knez, A. Lambertz, and R. Carius, “3D photonic crystal intermediate reflector for micromorph thin-film tandem solar cell,” Phys. Stat. Solidi A 205(12), 2796–2810 (2008).
[Crossref]

P. G. O’Brien, N. P. Kherani, A. Chutinan, G. A. Ozin, S. John, and S. Zukotynski, “Silicon photovoltaics using conducting photonic crystal back-reflectors,” Adv. Mater. 20(8), 1577–1582 (2008).
[Crossref]

M. Liscidini, D. Gerace, L. C. Andreani, and J. E. Sipe, “Scattering matrix analysis of periodically patterned multilayers with asymmetric unit cells and birefringent media,” Phys. Rev. B 77(3), 035324 (2008).
[Crossref]

P. G. O'Brien, N. P. Kherani, S. Zukotynski, G. A. Ozin, E. Vekris, N. Tetreault, A. Chutinan, S. John, A. Mihi, and H. Míguez, “Enhanced photoconductivity in thin-film semiconductors optically coupled to photonic crystals,” Adv. Mater. 19(23), 4177–4182 (2007).
[Crossref]

P. Buehlmann, J. Bailat, D. Dominé, A. Billet, F. Meillaud, A. Feltrin, and C. Ballif, “In situ silicon oxide based intermediate reflector for thin-film silicon micromorph solar cells,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(14), 143505 (2007).
[Crossref]

L. Pallavidino, D. Razo, F. Geobaldo, A. Balestreri, D. Bajoni, M. Galli, L. Andreani, C. Ricciardi, E. Celasco, and M. Quaglio,, “Synthesis, characterization and modeling of silicon based opals,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352(9-20), 1425–1429 (2006).
[Crossref]

A. Shah, J. Meier, A. Buechel, U. Kroll, J. Steinhauser, F. Meillaud, H. Schade, and D. Dominé, “Towards very low-cost mass production of thin-film silicon photovoltaic (PV) solar modules on glass,” Thin Solid Films 502(1-2), 292–299 (2006).
[Crossref]

M. Scharrer, X. Wu, A. Yamilov, H. Cao, and R. P. H. Chang, “Fabrication of inverted opal ZnO photonic crystals by atomic layer deposition,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 86(15), 151113 (2005).
[Crossref]

H. Juárez, P. D. García, D. Golmayo, A. Blanco, and C. López, “ZnO inverse opals by chemical vapour deposition,” Adv. Mater. 17(22), 2761–2765 (2005).
[Crossref]

D. Norris, E. G. Arlinghaus, L. Meng, R. Heiny, and L. E. Scriven, “Opaline photonic crystals: How does self assembley work?” Adv. Mater. 16(16), 1393–1399 (2004).
[Crossref]

A. V. Shah, H. Schade, M. Vanecek, J. Meier, E. Vallat-Sauvain, N. Wyrsch, U. Kroll, C. Droz, and J. Bailat, “Thin-film Silicon Solar Cell Technology,” Prog. Photovolt. Res. Appl. 12(23), 113–142 (2004).
[Crossref]

G. Tayeb, B. Gralak, and S. Enoch, “Structural colors in nature and butterfly-wing modeling,” Opt. Photon. News 14(2), 38–43 (2003).
[Crossref]

D. M. Whittaker and I. S. Culshaw, “Scattering-matrix treatment of patterned multilayer photonic structures,” Phys. Rev. B 60(4), 2610–2618 (1999).
[Crossref]

W. Y. Cho and K. S. Lim, “A simple optical properties modeling of microcrystalline silicon for the energy conversion by the effective medium approximation method,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 36(Part 1, No. 3A), 1094–1098 (1997).
[Crossref]

G. L. Martí, “Araújo, “Limiting efficiencies for photovoltaic energy conversion in multigap systems,” Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 43(2), 203–222 (1996).
[Crossref]

A. V. Shah, R. Platz, and H. Keppner, “Thin-film silicon solar cells: A review and selected trends,” Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 38(1-4), 501–520 (1995).
[Crossref]

L. Meng and M. dos Santos, “Characterization of ZnO films prepared by dc reactive magnetron sputtering at different oxygen partial pressures,” Vacuum 46(8-10), 1001–1004 (1995).
[Crossref]

S. John, “Strong localization of photons in certain disordered dielectric superlattices,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 58(23), 2486–2489 (1987).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

E. Yablonovitch, “Inhibited spontaneous emission in solid-state physics and electronics,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 58(20), 2059–2062 (1987).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. Aspnes, J. Theeten, and F. Hottier,, “Investigation of effective-medium models of microscopic surface roughness by spectroscopic ellipsometry,” Phys. Rev. B 20(8), 3292–3302 (1979).
[Crossref]

D. L. Staebler and C. R. Wronski, “Reversible conductivity changes in discharge-produced amorphous Si,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 31(4), 292–294 (1977).
[Crossref]

P. J. Zanzucchi, C. R. Wronski, and D. E. Carlson, “Optical and photoconductive properties of discharge-produced amorphous silicon,” J. Appl. Phys. 48(12), 5227–5236 (1977).
[Crossref]

L. Pallavidino, D. Razo, F. Geobaldo, A. Balestreri, D. Bajoni, M. Galli, L. Andreani, C. Ricciardi, E. Celasco, and M. Quaglio,, “Synthesis, characterization and modeling of silicon based opals,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352(9-20), 1425–1429 (2006).
[Crossref]

M. Liscidini, D. Gerace, L. C. Andreani, and J. E. Sipe, “Scattering matrix analysis of periodically patterned multilayers with asymmetric unit cells and birefringent media,” Phys. Rev. B 77(3), 035324 (2008).
[Crossref]

D. Norris, E. G. Arlinghaus, L. Meng, R. Heiny, and L. E. Scriven, “Opaline photonic crystals: How does self assembley work?” Adv. Mater. 16(16), 1393–1399 (2004).
[Crossref]

D. Aspnes, J. Theeten, and F. Hottier,, “Investigation of effective-medium models of microscopic surface roughness by spectroscopic ellipsometry,” Phys. Rev. B 20(8), 3292–3302 (1979).
[Crossref]

P. Buehlmann, J. Bailat, D. Dominé, A. Billet, F. Meillaud, A. Feltrin, and C. Ballif, “In situ silicon oxide based intermediate reflector for thin-film silicon micromorph solar cells,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(14), 143505 (2007).
[Crossref]

A. V. Shah, H. Schade, M. Vanecek, J. Meier, E. Vallat-Sauvain, N. Wyrsch, U. Kroll, C. Droz, and J. Bailat, “Thin-film Silicon Solar Cell Technology,” Prog. Photovolt. Res. Appl. 12(23), 113–142 (2004).
[Crossref]

L. Pallavidino, D. Razo, F. Geobaldo, A. Balestreri, D. Bajoni, M. Galli, L. Andreani, C. Ricciardi, E. Celasco, and M. Quaglio,, “Synthesis, characterization and modeling of silicon based opals,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352(9-20), 1425–1429 (2006).
[Crossref]

L. Pallavidino, D. Razo, F. Geobaldo, A. Balestreri, D. Bajoni, M. Galli, L. Andreani, C. Ricciardi, E. Celasco, and M. Quaglio,, “Synthesis, characterization and modeling of silicon based opals,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352(9-20), 1425–1429 (2006).
[Crossref]

P. Buehlmann, J. Bailat, D. Dominé, A. Billet, F. Meillaud, A. Feltrin, and C. Ballif, “In situ silicon oxide based intermediate reflector for thin-film silicon micromorph solar cells,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(14), 143505 (2007).
[Crossref]

A. Bielawny, C. Rockstuhl, F. Lederer, and R. B. Wehrspohn, “Intermediate reflectors for enhanced top cell performance in photovoltaic thin-film tandem cells,” Opt. Express 17(10), 8439–8446 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Bielawny, J. Üpping, P. T. Miclea, R. B. Wehrspohn, C. Rockstuhl, F. Lederer, M. Peters, L. Steidl, R. Zentel, S.-M. Lee, M. Knez, A. Lambertz, and R. Carius, “3D photonic crystal intermediate reflector for micromorph thin-film tandem solar cell,” Phys. Stat. Solidi A 205(12), 2796–2810 (2008).
[Crossref]

P. Buehlmann, J. Bailat, D. Dominé, A. Billet, F. Meillaud, A. Feltrin, and C. Ballif, “In situ silicon oxide based intermediate reflector for thin-film silicon micromorph solar cells,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(14), 143505 (2007).
[Crossref]

H. Juárez, P. D. García, D. Golmayo, A. Blanco, and C. López, “ZnO inverse opals by chemical vapour deposition,” Adv. Mater. 17(22), 2761–2765 (2005).
[Crossref]

A. Shah, J. Meier, A. Buechel, U. Kroll, J. Steinhauser, F. Meillaud, H. Schade, and D. Dominé, “Towards very low-cost mass production of thin-film silicon photovoltaic (PV) solar modules on glass,” Thin Solid Films 502(1-2), 292–299 (2006).
[Crossref]

P. Buehlmann, J. Bailat, D. Dominé, A. Billet, F. Meillaud, A. Feltrin, and C. Ballif, “In situ silicon oxide based intermediate reflector for thin-film silicon micromorph solar cells,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(14), 143505 (2007).
[Crossref]

M. Scharrer, X. Wu, A. Yamilov, H. Cao, and R. P. H. Chang, “Fabrication of inverted opal ZnO photonic crystals by atomic layer deposition,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 86(15), 151113 (2005).
[Crossref]

J. Bielawny, J. Üpping, P. T. Miclea, R. B. Wehrspohn, C. Rockstuhl, F. Lederer, M. Peters, L. Steidl, R. Zentel, S.-M. Lee, M. Knez, A. Lambertz, and R. Carius, “3D photonic crystal intermediate reflector for micromorph thin-film tandem solar cell,” Phys. Stat. Solidi A 205(12), 2796–2810 (2008).
[Crossref]

P. J. Zanzucchi, C. R. Wronski, and D. E. Carlson, “Optical and photoconductive properties of discharge-produced amorphous silicon,” J. Appl. Phys. 48(12), 5227–5236 (1977).
[Crossref]

L. Pallavidino, D. Razo, F. Geobaldo, A. Balestreri, D. Bajoni, M. Galli, L. Andreani, C. Ricciardi, E. Celasco, and M. Quaglio,, “Synthesis, characterization and modeling of silicon based opals,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352(9-20), 1425–1429 (2006).
[Crossref]

M. Scharrer, X. Wu, A. Yamilov, H. Cao, and R. P. H. Chang, “Fabrication of inverted opal ZnO photonic crystals by atomic layer deposition,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 86(15), 151113 (2005).
[Crossref]

T. Suezaki, P. G. O’Brien, J. I. L. Chen, E. Loso, N. P. Kherani, and G. A. Ozin, “Tailoring the Electrical Properties of Inverse Silicon Opals - A Step Towards Optically Amplified Silicon Solar Cells,” Adv. Mater. 21(5), 559–563 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

W. Y. Cho and K. S. Lim, “A simple optical properties modeling of microcrystalline silicon for the energy conversion by the effective medium approximation method,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 36(Part 1, No. 3A), 1094–1098 (1997).
[Crossref]

P. G. O’Brien, N. P. Kherani, A. Chutinan, G. A. Ozin, S. John, and S. Zukotynski, “Silicon photovoltaics using conducting photonic crystal back-reflectors,” Adv. Mater. 20(8), 1577–1582 (2008).
[Crossref]

P. G. O'Brien, N. P. Kherani, S. Zukotynski, G. A. Ozin, E. Vekris, N. Tetreault, A. Chutinan, S. John, A. Mihi, and H. Míguez, “Enhanced photoconductivity in thin-film semiconductors optically coupled to photonic crystals,” Adv. Mater. 19(23), 4177–4182 (2007).
[Crossref]

D. M. Whittaker and I. S. Culshaw, “Scattering-matrix treatment of patterned multilayer photonic structures,” Phys. Rev. B 60(4), 2610–2618 (1999).
[Crossref]

P. Buehlmann, J. Bailat, D. Dominé, A. Billet, F. Meillaud, A. Feltrin, and C. Ballif, “In situ silicon oxide based intermediate reflector for thin-film silicon micromorph solar cells,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(14), 143505 (2007).
[Crossref]

A. Shah, J. Meier, A. Buechel, U. Kroll, J. Steinhauser, F. Meillaud, H. Schade, and D. Dominé, “Towards very low-cost mass production of thin-film silicon photovoltaic (PV) solar modules on glass,” Thin Solid Films 502(1-2), 292–299 (2006).
[Crossref]

L. Meng and M. dos Santos, “Characterization of ZnO films prepared by dc reactive magnetron sputtering at different oxygen partial pressures,” Vacuum 46(8-10), 1001–1004 (1995).
[Crossref]

A. V. Shah, H. Schade, M. Vanecek, J. Meier, E. Vallat-Sauvain, N. Wyrsch, U. Kroll, C. Droz, and J. Bailat, “Thin-film Silicon Solar Cell Technology,” Prog. Photovolt. Res. Appl. 12(23), 113–142 (2004).
[Crossref]

G. Tayeb, B. Gralak, and S. Enoch, “Structural colors in nature and butterfly-wing modeling,” Opt. Photon. News 14(2), 38–43 (2003).
[Crossref]

P. Buehlmann, J. Bailat, D. Dominé, A. Billet, F. Meillaud, A. Feltrin, and C. Ballif, “In situ silicon oxide based intermediate reflector for thin-film silicon micromorph solar cells,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(14), 143505 (2007).
[Crossref]

L. Pallavidino, D. Razo, F. Geobaldo, A. Balestreri, D. Bajoni, M. Galli, L. Andreani, C. Ricciardi, E. Celasco, and M. Quaglio,, “Synthesis, characterization and modeling of silicon based opals,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352(9-20), 1425–1429 (2006).
[Crossref]

H. Juárez, P. D. García, D. Golmayo, A. Blanco, and C. López, “ZnO inverse opals by chemical vapour deposition,” Adv. Mater. 17(22), 2761–2765 (2005).
[Crossref]

L. Pallavidino, D. Razo, F. Geobaldo, A. Balestreri, D. Bajoni, M. Galli, L. Andreani, C. Ricciardi, E. Celasco, and M. Quaglio,, “Synthesis, characterization and modeling of silicon based opals,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352(9-20), 1425–1429 (2006).
[Crossref]

M. Liscidini, D. Gerace, L. C. Andreani, and J. E. Sipe, “Scattering matrix analysis of periodically patterned multilayers with asymmetric unit cells and birefringent media,” Phys. Rev. B 77(3), 035324 (2008).
[Crossref]

H. Juárez, P. D. García, D. Golmayo, A. Blanco, and C. López, “ZnO inverse opals by chemical vapour deposition,” Adv. Mater. 17(22), 2761–2765 (2005).
[Crossref]

G. Tayeb, B. Gralak, and S. Enoch, “Structural colors in nature and butterfly-wing modeling,” Opt. Photon. News 14(2), 38–43 (2003).
[Crossref]

D. Norris, E. G. Arlinghaus, L. Meng, R. Heiny, and L. E. Scriven, “Opaline photonic crystals: How does self assembley work?” Adv. Mater. 16(16), 1393–1399 (2004).
[Crossref]

D. Aspnes, J. Theeten, and F. Hottier,, “Investigation of effective-medium models of microscopic surface roughness by spectroscopic ellipsometry,” Phys. Rev. B 20(8), 3292–3302 (1979).
[Crossref]

P. G. O’Brien, N. P. Kherani, A. Chutinan, G. A. Ozin, S. John, and S. Zukotynski, “Silicon photovoltaics using conducting photonic crystal back-reflectors,” Adv. Mater. 20(8), 1577–1582 (2008).
[Crossref]

P. G. O'Brien, N. P. Kherani, S. Zukotynski, G. A. Ozin, E. Vekris, N. Tetreault, A. Chutinan, S. John, A. Mihi, and H. Míguez, “Enhanced photoconductivity in thin-film semiconductors optically coupled to photonic crystals,” Adv. Mater. 19(23), 4177–4182 (2007).
[Crossref]

S. John, “Strong localization of photons in certain disordered dielectric superlattices,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 58(23), 2486–2489 (1987).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

H. Juárez, P. D. García, D. Golmayo, A. Blanco, and C. López, “ZnO inverse opals by chemical vapour deposition,” Adv. Mater. 17(22), 2761–2765 (2005).
[Crossref]

A. V. Shah, R. Platz, and H. Keppner, “Thin-film silicon solar cells: A review and selected trends,” Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 38(1-4), 501–520 (1995).
[Crossref]

T. Suezaki, P. G. O’Brien, J. I. L. Chen, E. Loso, N. P. Kherani, and G. A. Ozin, “Tailoring the Electrical Properties of Inverse Silicon Opals - A Step Towards Optically Amplified Silicon Solar Cells,” Adv. Mater. 21(5), 559–563 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

P. G. O’Brien, N. P. Kherani, A. Chutinan, G. A. Ozin, S. John, and S. Zukotynski, “Silicon photovoltaics using conducting photonic crystal back-reflectors,” Adv. Mater. 20(8), 1577–1582 (2008).
[Crossref]

P. G. O'Brien, N. P. Kherani, S. Zukotynski, G. A. Ozin, E. Vekris, N. Tetreault, A. Chutinan, S. John, A. Mihi, and H. Míguez, “Enhanced photoconductivity in thin-film semiconductors optically coupled to photonic crystals,” Adv. Mater. 19(23), 4177–4182 (2007).
[Crossref]

J. Bielawny, J. Üpping, P. T. Miclea, R. B. Wehrspohn, C. Rockstuhl, F. Lederer, M. Peters, L. Steidl, R. Zentel, S.-M. Lee, M. Knez, A. Lambertz, and R. Carius, “3D photonic crystal intermediate reflector for micromorph thin-film tandem solar cell,” Phys. Stat. Solidi A 205(12), 2796–2810 (2008).
[Crossref]

A. Shah, J. Meier, A. Buechel, U. Kroll, J. Steinhauser, F. Meillaud, H. Schade, and D. Dominé, “Towards very low-cost mass production of thin-film silicon photovoltaic (PV) solar modules on glass,” Thin Solid Films 502(1-2), 292–299 (2006).
[Crossref]

A. V. Shah, H. Schade, M. Vanecek, J. Meier, E. Vallat-Sauvain, N. Wyrsch, U. Kroll, C. Droz, and J. Bailat, “Thin-film Silicon Solar Cell Technology,” Prog. Photovolt. Res. Appl. 12(23), 113–142 (2004).
[Crossref]

J. Bielawny, J. Üpping, P. T. Miclea, R. B. Wehrspohn, C. Rockstuhl, F. Lederer, M. Peters, L. Steidl, R. Zentel, S.-M. Lee, M. Knez, A. Lambertz, and R. Carius, “3D photonic crystal intermediate reflector for micromorph thin-film tandem solar cell,” Phys. Stat. Solidi A 205(12), 2796–2810 (2008).
[Crossref]

A. Bielawny, C. Rockstuhl, F. Lederer, and R. B. Wehrspohn, “Intermediate reflectors for enhanced top cell performance in photovoltaic thin-film tandem cells,” Opt. Express 17(10), 8439–8446 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Bielawny, J. Üpping, P. T. Miclea, R. B. Wehrspohn, C. Rockstuhl, F. Lederer, M. Peters, L. Steidl, R. Zentel, S.-M. Lee, M. Knez, A. Lambertz, and R. Carius, “3D photonic crystal intermediate reflector for micromorph thin-film tandem solar cell,” Phys. Stat. Solidi A 205(12), 2796–2810 (2008).
[Crossref]

J. Bielawny, J. Üpping, P. T. Miclea, R. B. Wehrspohn, C. Rockstuhl, F. Lederer, M. Peters, L. Steidl, R. Zentel, S.-M. Lee, M. Knez, A. Lambertz, and R. Carius, “3D photonic crystal intermediate reflector for micromorph thin-film tandem solar cell,” Phys. Stat. Solidi A 205(12), 2796–2810 (2008).
[Crossref]

W. Y. Cho and K. S. Lim, “A simple optical properties modeling of microcrystalline silicon for the energy conversion by the effective medium approximation method,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 36(Part 1, No. 3A), 1094–1098 (1997).
[Crossref]

M. Liscidini, D. Gerace, L. C. Andreani, and J. E. Sipe, “Scattering matrix analysis of periodically patterned multilayers with asymmetric unit cells and birefringent media,” Phys. Rev. B 77(3), 035324 (2008).
[Crossref]

H. Juárez, P. D. García, D. Golmayo, A. Blanco, and C. López, “ZnO inverse opals by chemical vapour deposition,” Adv. Mater. 17(22), 2761–2765 (2005).
[Crossref]

T. Suezaki, P. G. O’Brien, J. I. L. Chen, E. Loso, N. P. Kherani, and G. A. Ozin, “Tailoring the Electrical Properties of Inverse Silicon Opals - A Step Towards Optically Amplified Silicon Solar Cells,” Adv. Mater. 21(5), 559–563 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

G. L. Martí, “Araújo, “Limiting efficiencies for photovoltaic energy conversion in multigap systems,” Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 43(2), 203–222 (1996).
[Crossref]

A. Shah, J. Meier, A. Buechel, U. Kroll, J. Steinhauser, F. Meillaud, H. Schade, and D. Dominé, “Towards very low-cost mass production of thin-film silicon photovoltaic (PV) solar modules on glass,” Thin Solid Films 502(1-2), 292–299 (2006).
[Crossref]

A. V. Shah, H. Schade, M. Vanecek, J. Meier, E. Vallat-Sauvain, N. Wyrsch, U. Kroll, C. Droz, and J. Bailat, “Thin-film Silicon Solar Cell Technology,” Prog. Photovolt. Res. Appl. 12(23), 113–142 (2004).
[Crossref]

P. Buehlmann, J. Bailat, D. Dominé, A. Billet, F. Meillaud, A. Feltrin, and C. Ballif, “In situ silicon oxide based intermediate reflector for thin-film silicon micromorph solar cells,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(14), 143505 (2007).
[Crossref]

A. Shah, J. Meier, A. Buechel, U. Kroll, J. Steinhauser, F. Meillaud, H. Schade, and D. Dominé, “Towards very low-cost mass production of thin-film silicon photovoltaic (PV) solar modules on glass,” Thin Solid Films 502(1-2), 292–299 (2006).
[Crossref]

D. Norris, E. G. Arlinghaus, L. Meng, R. Heiny, and L. E. Scriven, “Opaline photonic crystals: How does self assembley work?” Adv. Mater. 16(16), 1393–1399 (2004).
[Crossref]

L. Meng and M. dos Santos, “Characterization of ZnO films prepared by dc reactive magnetron sputtering at different oxygen partial pressures,” Vacuum 46(8-10), 1001–1004 (1995).
[Crossref]

J. Bielawny, J. Üpping, P. T. Miclea, R. B. Wehrspohn, C. Rockstuhl, F. Lederer, M. Peters, L. Steidl, R. Zentel, S.-M. Lee, M. Knez, A. Lambertz, and R. Carius, “3D photonic crystal intermediate reflector for micromorph thin-film tandem solar cell,” Phys. Stat. Solidi A 205(12), 2796–2810 (2008).
[Crossref]

P. G. O'Brien, N. P. Kherani, S. Zukotynski, G. A. Ozin, E. Vekris, N. Tetreault, A. Chutinan, S. John, A. Mihi, and H. Míguez, “Enhanced photoconductivity in thin-film semiconductors optically coupled to photonic crystals,” Adv. Mater. 19(23), 4177–4182 (2007).
[Crossref]

P. G. O'Brien, N. P. Kherani, S. Zukotynski, G. A. Ozin, E. Vekris, N. Tetreault, A. Chutinan, S. John, A. Mihi, and H. Míguez, “Enhanced photoconductivity in thin-film semiconductors optically coupled to photonic crystals,” Adv. Mater. 19(23), 4177–4182 (2007).
[Crossref]

D. Norris, E. G. Arlinghaus, L. Meng, R. Heiny, and L. E. Scriven, “Opaline photonic crystals: How does self assembley work?” Adv. Mater. 16(16), 1393–1399 (2004).
[Crossref]

T. Suezaki, P. G. O’Brien, J. I. L. Chen, E. Loso, N. P. Kherani, and G. A. Ozin, “Tailoring the Electrical Properties of Inverse Silicon Opals - A Step Towards Optically Amplified Silicon Solar Cells,” Adv. Mater. 21(5), 559–563 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

P. G. O’Brien, N. P. Kherani, A. Chutinan, G. A. Ozin, S. John, and S. Zukotynski, “Silicon photovoltaics using conducting photonic crystal back-reflectors,” Adv. Mater. 20(8), 1577–1582 (2008).
[Crossref]

P. G. O'Brien, N. P. Kherani, S. Zukotynski, G. A. Ozin, E. Vekris, N. Tetreault, A. Chutinan, S. John, A. Mihi, and H. Míguez, “Enhanced photoconductivity in thin-film semiconductors optically coupled to photonic crystals,” Adv. Mater. 19(23), 4177–4182 (2007).
[Crossref]

T. Suezaki, P. G. O’Brien, J. I. L. Chen, E. Loso, N. P. Kherani, and G. A. Ozin, “Tailoring the Electrical Properties of Inverse Silicon Opals - A Step Towards Optically Amplified Silicon Solar Cells,” Adv. Mater. 21(5), 559–563 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

P. G. O’Brien, N. P. Kherani, A. Chutinan, G. A. Ozin, S. John, and S. Zukotynski, “Silicon photovoltaics using conducting photonic crystal back-reflectors,” Adv. Mater. 20(8), 1577–1582 (2008).
[Crossref]

P. G. O'Brien, N. P. Kherani, S. Zukotynski, G. A. Ozin, E. Vekris, N. Tetreault, A. Chutinan, S. John, A. Mihi, and H. Míguez, “Enhanced photoconductivity in thin-film semiconductors optically coupled to photonic crystals,” Adv. Mater. 19(23), 4177–4182 (2007).
[Crossref]

L. Pallavidino, D. Razo, F. Geobaldo, A. Balestreri, D. Bajoni, M. Galli, L. Andreani, C. Ricciardi, E. Celasco, and M. Quaglio,, “Synthesis, characterization and modeling of silicon based opals,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352(9-20), 1425–1429 (2006).
[Crossref]

J. Bielawny, J. Üpping, P. T. Miclea, R. B. Wehrspohn, C. Rockstuhl, F. Lederer, M. Peters, L. Steidl, R. Zentel, S.-M. Lee, M. Knez, A. Lambertz, and R. Carius, “3D photonic crystal intermediate reflector for micromorph thin-film tandem solar cell,” Phys. Stat. Solidi A 205(12), 2796–2810 (2008).
[Crossref]

A. V. Shah, R. Platz, and H. Keppner, “Thin-film silicon solar cells: A review and selected trends,” Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 38(1-4), 501–520 (1995).
[Crossref]

L. Pallavidino, D. Razo, F. Geobaldo, A. Balestreri, D. Bajoni, M. Galli, L. Andreani, C. Ricciardi, E. Celasco, and M. Quaglio,, “Synthesis, characterization and modeling of silicon based opals,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352(9-20), 1425–1429 (2006).
[Crossref]

L. Pallavidino, D. Razo, F. Geobaldo, A. Balestreri, D. Bajoni, M. Galli, L. Andreani, C. Ricciardi, E. Celasco, and M. Quaglio,, “Synthesis, characterization and modeling of silicon based opals,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352(9-20), 1425–1429 (2006).
[Crossref]

L. Pallavidino, D. Razo, F. Geobaldo, A. Balestreri, D. Bajoni, M. Galli, L. Andreani, C. Ricciardi, E. Celasco, and M. Quaglio,, “Synthesis, characterization and modeling of silicon based opals,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352(9-20), 1425–1429 (2006).
[Crossref]

A. Bielawny, C. Rockstuhl, F. Lederer, and R. B. Wehrspohn, “Intermediate reflectors for enhanced top cell performance in photovoltaic thin-film tandem cells,” Opt. Express 17(10), 8439–8446 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Bielawny, J. Üpping, P. T. Miclea, R. B. Wehrspohn, C. Rockstuhl, F. Lederer, M. Peters, L. Steidl, R. Zentel, S.-M. Lee, M. Knez, A. Lambertz, and R. Carius, “3D photonic crystal intermediate reflector for micromorph thin-film tandem solar cell,” Phys. Stat. Solidi A 205(12), 2796–2810 (2008).
[Crossref]

A. Shah, J. Meier, A. Buechel, U. Kroll, J. Steinhauser, F. Meillaud, H. Schade, and D. Dominé, “Towards very low-cost mass production of thin-film silicon photovoltaic (PV) solar modules on glass,” Thin Solid Films 502(1-2), 292–299 (2006).
[Crossref]

A. V. Shah, H. Schade, M. Vanecek, J. Meier, E. Vallat-Sauvain, N. Wyrsch, U. Kroll, C. Droz, and J. Bailat, “Thin-film Silicon Solar Cell Technology,” Prog. Photovolt. Res. Appl. 12(23), 113–142 (2004).
[Crossref]

M. Scharrer, X. Wu, A. Yamilov, H. Cao, and R. P. H. Chang, “Fabrication of inverted opal ZnO photonic crystals by atomic layer deposition,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 86(15), 151113 (2005).
[Crossref]

D. Norris, E. G. Arlinghaus, L. Meng, R. Heiny, and L. E. Scriven, “Opaline photonic crystals: How does self assembley work?” Adv. Mater. 16(16), 1393–1399 (2004).
[Crossref]

A. Shah, J. Meier, A. Buechel, U. Kroll, J. Steinhauser, F. Meillaud, H. Schade, and D. Dominé, “Towards very low-cost mass production of thin-film silicon photovoltaic (PV) solar modules on glass,” Thin Solid Films 502(1-2), 292–299 (2006).
[Crossref]

A. V. Shah, H. Schade, M. Vanecek, J. Meier, E. Vallat-Sauvain, N. Wyrsch, U. Kroll, C. Droz, and J. Bailat, “Thin-film Silicon Solar Cell Technology,” Prog. Photovolt. Res. Appl. 12(23), 113–142 (2004).
[Crossref]

A. V. Shah, R. Platz, and H. Keppner, “Thin-film silicon solar cells: A review and selected trends,” Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 38(1-4), 501–520 (1995).
[Crossref]

M. Liscidini, D. Gerace, L. C. Andreani, and J. E. Sipe, “Scattering matrix analysis of periodically patterned multilayers with asymmetric unit cells and birefringent media,” Phys. Rev. B 77(3), 035324 (2008).
[Crossref]

D. L. Staebler and C. R. Wronski, “Reversible conductivity changes in discharge-produced amorphous Si,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 31(4), 292–294 (1977).
[Crossref]

J. Bielawny, J. Üpping, P. T. Miclea, R. B. Wehrspohn, C. Rockstuhl, F. Lederer, M. Peters, L. Steidl, R. Zentel, S.-M. Lee, M. Knez, A. Lambertz, and R. Carius, “3D photonic crystal intermediate reflector for micromorph thin-film tandem solar cell,” Phys. Stat. Solidi A 205(12), 2796–2810 (2008).
[Crossref]

A. Shah, J. Meier, A. Buechel, U. Kroll, J. Steinhauser, F. Meillaud, H. Schade, and D. Dominé, “Towards very low-cost mass production of thin-film silicon photovoltaic (PV) solar modules on glass,” Thin Solid Films 502(1-2), 292–299 (2006).
[Crossref]

T. Suezaki, P. G. O’Brien, J. I. L. Chen, E. Loso, N. P. Kherani, and G. A. Ozin, “Tailoring the Electrical Properties of Inverse Silicon Opals - A Step Towards Optically Amplified Silicon Solar Cells,” Adv. Mater. 21(5), 559–563 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

G. Tayeb, B. Gralak, and S. Enoch, “Structural colors in nature and butterfly-wing modeling,” Opt. Photon. News 14(2), 38–43 (2003).
[Crossref]

P. G. O'Brien, N. P. Kherani, S. Zukotynski, G. A. Ozin, E. Vekris, N. Tetreault, A. Chutinan, S. John, A. Mihi, and H. Míguez, “Enhanced photoconductivity in thin-film semiconductors optically coupled to photonic crystals,” Adv. Mater. 19(23), 4177–4182 (2007).
[Crossref]

D. Aspnes, J. Theeten, and F. Hottier,, “Investigation of effective-medium models of microscopic surface roughness by spectroscopic ellipsometry,” Phys. Rev. B 20(8), 3292–3302 (1979).
[Crossref]

J. Bielawny, J. Üpping, P. T. Miclea, R. B. Wehrspohn, C. Rockstuhl, F. Lederer, M. Peters, L. Steidl, R. Zentel, S.-M. Lee, M. Knez, A. Lambertz, and R. Carius, “3D photonic crystal intermediate reflector for micromorph thin-film tandem solar cell,” Phys. Stat. Solidi A 205(12), 2796–2810 (2008).
[Crossref]

A. V. Shah, H. Schade, M. Vanecek, J. Meier, E. Vallat-Sauvain, N. Wyrsch, U. Kroll, C. Droz, and J. Bailat, “Thin-film Silicon Solar Cell Technology,” Prog. Photovolt. Res. Appl. 12(23), 113–142 (2004).
[Crossref]

A. V. Shah, H. Schade, M. Vanecek, J. Meier, E. Vallat-Sauvain, N. Wyrsch, U. Kroll, C. Droz, and J. Bailat, “Thin-film Silicon Solar Cell Technology,” Prog. Photovolt. Res. Appl. 12(23), 113–142 (2004).
[Crossref]

P. G. O'Brien, N. P. Kherani, S. Zukotynski, G. A. Ozin, E. Vekris, N. Tetreault, A. Chutinan, S. John, A. Mihi, and H. Míguez, “Enhanced photoconductivity in thin-film semiconductors optically coupled to photonic crystals,” Adv. Mater. 19(23), 4177–4182 (2007).
[Crossref]

A. Bielawny, C. Rockstuhl, F. Lederer, and R. B. Wehrspohn, “Intermediate reflectors for enhanced top cell performance in photovoltaic thin-film tandem cells,” Opt. Express 17(10), 8439–8446 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Bielawny, J. Üpping, P. T. Miclea, R. B. Wehrspohn, C. Rockstuhl, F. Lederer, M. Peters, L. Steidl, R. Zentel, S.-M. Lee, M. Knez, A. Lambertz, and R. Carius, “3D photonic crystal intermediate reflector for micromorph thin-film tandem solar cell,” Phys. Stat. Solidi A 205(12), 2796–2810 (2008).
[Crossref]

D. M. Whittaker and I. S. Culshaw, “Scattering-matrix treatment of patterned multilayer photonic structures,” Phys. Rev. B 60(4), 2610–2618 (1999).
[Crossref]

D. L. Staebler and C. R. Wronski, “Reversible conductivity changes in discharge-produced amorphous Si,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 31(4), 292–294 (1977).
[Crossref]

P. J. Zanzucchi, C. R. Wronski, and D. E. Carlson, “Optical and photoconductive properties of discharge-produced amorphous silicon,” J. Appl. Phys. 48(12), 5227–5236 (1977).
[Crossref]

M. Scharrer, X. Wu, A. Yamilov, H. Cao, and R. P. H. Chang, “Fabrication of inverted opal ZnO photonic crystals by atomic layer deposition,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 86(15), 151113 (2005).
[Crossref]

A. V. Shah, H. Schade, M. Vanecek, J. Meier, E. Vallat-Sauvain, N. Wyrsch, U. Kroll, C. Droz, and J. Bailat, “Thin-film Silicon Solar Cell Technology,” Prog. Photovolt. Res. Appl. 12(23), 113–142 (2004).
[Crossref]

E. Yablonovitch, “Inhibited spontaneous emission in solid-state physics and electronics,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 58(20), 2059–2062 (1987).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Scharrer, X. Wu, A. Yamilov, H. Cao, and R. P. H. Chang, “Fabrication of inverted opal ZnO photonic crystals by atomic layer deposition,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 86(15), 151113 (2005).
[Crossref]

P. J. Zanzucchi, C. R. Wronski, and D. E. Carlson, “Optical and photoconductive properties of discharge-produced amorphous silicon,” J. Appl. Phys. 48(12), 5227–5236 (1977).
[Crossref]

J. Bielawny, J. Üpping, P. T. Miclea, R. B. Wehrspohn, C. Rockstuhl, F. Lederer, M. Peters, L. Steidl, R. Zentel, S.-M. Lee, M. Knez, A. Lambertz, and R. Carius, “3D photonic crystal intermediate reflector for micromorph thin-film tandem solar cell,” Phys. Stat. Solidi A 205(12), 2796–2810 (2008).
[Crossref]

P. G. O’Brien, N. P. Kherani, A. Chutinan, G. A. Ozin, S. John, and S. Zukotynski, “Silicon photovoltaics using conducting photonic crystal back-reflectors,” Adv. Mater. 20(8), 1577–1582 (2008).
[Crossref]

P. G. O'Brien, N. P. Kherani, S. Zukotynski, G. A. Ozin, E. Vekris, N. Tetreault, A. Chutinan, S. John, A. Mihi, and H. Míguez, “Enhanced photoconductivity in thin-film semiconductors optically coupled to photonic crystals,” Adv. Mater. 19(23), 4177–4182 (2007).
[Crossref]

D. Norris, E. G. Arlinghaus, L. Meng, R. Heiny, and L. E. Scriven, “Opaline photonic crystals: How does self assembley work?” Adv. Mater. 16(16), 1393–1399 (2004).
[Crossref]

P. G. O'Brien, N. P. Kherani, S. Zukotynski, G. A. Ozin, E. Vekris, N. Tetreault, A. Chutinan, S. John, A. Mihi, and H. Míguez, “Enhanced photoconductivity in thin-film semiconductors optically coupled to photonic crystals,” Adv. Mater. 19(23), 4177–4182 (2007).
[Crossref]

P. G. O’Brien, N. P. Kherani, A. Chutinan, G. A. Ozin, S. John, and S. Zukotynski, “Silicon photovoltaics using conducting photonic crystal back-reflectors,” Adv. Mater. 20(8), 1577–1582 (2008).
[Crossref]

H. Juárez, P. D. García, D. Golmayo, A. Blanco, and C. López, “ZnO inverse opals by chemical vapour deposition,” Adv. Mater. 17(22), 2761–2765 (2005).
[Crossref]

T. Suezaki, P. G. O’Brien, J. I. L. Chen, E. Loso, N. P. Kherani, and G. A. Ozin, “Tailoring the Electrical Properties of Inverse Silicon Opals - A Step Towards Optically Amplified Silicon Solar Cells,” Adv. Mater. 21(5), 559–563 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Scharrer, X. Wu, A. Yamilov, H. Cao, and R. P. H. Chang, “Fabrication of inverted opal ZnO photonic crystals by atomic layer deposition,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 86(15), 151113 (2005).
[Crossref]

D. L. Staebler and C. R. Wronski, “Reversible conductivity changes in discharge-produced amorphous Si,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 31(4), 292–294 (1977).
[Crossref]

P. Buehlmann, J. Bailat, D. Dominé, A. Billet, F. Meillaud, A. Feltrin, and C. Ballif, “In situ silicon oxide based intermediate reflector for thin-film silicon micromorph solar cells,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(14), 143505 (2007).
[Crossref]

P. J. Zanzucchi, C. R. Wronski, and D. E. Carlson, “Optical and photoconductive properties of discharge-produced amorphous silicon,” J. Appl. Phys. 48(12), 5227–5236 (1977).
[Crossref]

L. Pallavidino, D. Razo, F. Geobaldo, A. Balestreri, D. Bajoni, M. Galli, L. Andreani, C. Ricciardi, E. Celasco, and M. Quaglio,, “Synthesis, characterization and modeling of silicon based opals,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352(9-20), 1425–1429 (2006).
[Crossref]

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A. Bielawny, C. Rockstuhl, F. Lederer, and R. B. Wehrspohn, “Intermediate reflectors for enhanced top cell performance in photovoltaic thin-film tandem cells,” Opt. Express 17(10), 8439–8446 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

G. Tayeb, B. Gralak, and S. Enoch, “Structural colors in nature and butterfly-wing modeling,” Opt. Photon. News 14(2), 38–43 (2003).
[Crossref]

D. Aspnes, J. Theeten, and F. Hottier,, “Investigation of effective-medium models of microscopic surface roughness by spectroscopic ellipsometry,” Phys. Rev. B 20(8), 3292–3302 (1979).
[Crossref]

D. M. Whittaker and I. S. Culshaw, “Scattering-matrix treatment of patterned multilayer photonic structures,” Phys. Rev. B 60(4), 2610–2618 (1999).
[Crossref]

M. Liscidini, D. Gerace, L. C. Andreani, and J. E. Sipe, “Scattering matrix analysis of periodically patterned multilayers with asymmetric unit cells and birefringent media,” Phys. Rev. B 77(3), 035324 (2008).
[Crossref]

S. John, “Strong localization of photons in certain disordered dielectric superlattices,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 58(23), 2486–2489 (1987).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

E. Yablonovitch, “Inhibited spontaneous emission in solid-state physics and electronics,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 58(20), 2059–2062 (1987).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Bielawny, J. Üpping, P. T. Miclea, R. B. Wehrspohn, C. Rockstuhl, F. Lederer, M. Peters, L. Steidl, R. Zentel, S.-M. Lee, M. Knez, A. Lambertz, and R. Carius, “3D photonic crystal intermediate reflector for micromorph thin-film tandem solar cell,” Phys. Stat. Solidi A 205(12), 2796–2810 (2008).
[Crossref]

A. V. Shah, H. Schade, M. Vanecek, J. Meier, E. Vallat-Sauvain, N. Wyrsch, U. Kroll, C. Droz, and J. Bailat, “Thin-film Silicon Solar Cell Technology,” Prog. Photovolt. Res. Appl. 12(23), 113–142 (2004).
[Crossref]

A. V. Shah, R. Platz, and H. Keppner, “Thin-film silicon solar cells: A review and selected trends,” Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 38(1-4), 501–520 (1995).
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A. Shah, J. Meier, A. Buechel, U. Kroll, J. Steinhauser, F. Meillaud, H. Schade, and D. Dominé, “Towards very low-cost mass production of thin-film silicon photovoltaic (PV) solar modules on glass,” Thin Solid Films 502(1-2), 292–299 (2006).
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D. Fischer, S. Dubail, J. A. A. Selvan, N. P. Vaucher, R. Platz, and C. Hof, Uu. Kroll, J. Meier, P. Torres, H. Keppner, N. Wyrsch, M. Goetz, A. Shah, K. D. Ufert, “The “micromorph” solar cell: Extending a-Si:H technology towards thin film crystalline silicon” in Proceedings of the 25th Photovoltaics Specialists Conference (IEEE, New York, 1996), pp. 1053–1056.

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