Single-mode laser tuning from cholesteric elastomers using a “notch” band-gap configuration

Francesca Serra; Mario Ariosto Matranga; Yan Ji; Eugene M. Terentjev

doi:10.1364/OE.18.000575

Single-mode laser tuning from cholesteric elastomers using a “notch” band-gap configuration

Francesca Serra, Mario Ariosto Matranga, Yan Ji, and Eugene M. Terentjev

Optics Express
Vol. 18,
Issue 2,
pp. 575-581
(2010)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.18.000575

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Francesca Serra, Mario Ariosto Matranga, Yan Ji, and Eugene M. Terentjev, "Single-mode laser tuning from cholesteric elastomers using a “notch” band-gap configuration," Opt. Express 18, 575-581 (2010)

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Related Topics
Table of Contents Category
- Materials
Optics & Photonics Topics
?

The topics in this list come from the OSA Optics and Photonics Topics applied to this article.
Previously assigned OCIS codes
- Laser materials (160.3380)
- Chiral media (160.1585)
- Photonic bandgap materials (160.5293)
- Liquid-crystal devices (230.3720)
- Spectroscopy, visible (300.6550)

About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: October 28, 2009
- Revised Manuscript: December 18, 2009
- Manuscript Accepted: December 18, 2009
- Published: January 4, 2010

Accessible

Open Access

Abstract

The interest in the application of cholesteric liquid crystals for tunable lasers has risen in the past few years. Here, we want to obtain a mechanically tunable laser device using cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) elastomers as resonant cavity mirrors in a three-layer configuration, which includes in between an isotropic layer incorporating a laser dye as active medium. The transmission band-gap of the two CLC elastomers was shifted one with respect to the other in order to create a defect (“notch”) in the middle of the band-gap which allowed a single-mode lasing from the system. The wavelength of the laser could be changed by mechanical tuning of the rubbery device.

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References

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Year
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Author
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Publication

P. G. de Gennes and J. ProstThe Physics of Liquid Crystals (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1993).
S. Chandrasekhar. Liquid Crystals (Cambridge University press, 2nd edition, 2004).
L. S. Goldberg and J. M. Schnur, “Tunable internal-feedback liquid crystal dye laser,” (US patent 3 771 065 , 1973).
I. P. Il’chishin, E. A. Tikhonov, V. G. Tishchenko, and M. T. Shpak, “Generation of tunable radiation by impurity cholesteric liquid crystals,” Sov. JEPT Letters 32, 24–27 (1980).
V. I. Kopp, B. Fan, H. K. M. Vithana, and A. Z. Genack, “Low-threshold lasing at the edge of a photonic stop band in cholesteric liquid crystals,” Opt. Lett. 23, 1707–1709 (1998).
[Crossref]
A. Muñoz, Palffy-Muhoray, and Taheri, “Ultraviolet lasing in cholesteric liquid crystals,” Opt. Lett. 26, 804–806 (2001).
[Crossref]
F. Araoka, K.-C. Shin, Y Takanishi, K. Ishikawa, H. Takezoe, Z. G. Zhu, and T. M. Swager, “How doping a cholesteric liquid crystal with polymeric dye improves an order parameter and makes possible low threshold lasing,” J. Appl. Phys. 94, 279–283 (2003).
[Crossref]
M. Chambers, M. Fox, M. Grell, and J. Hill, “Lasing from a förster transfer fluorescent dye couple dissolved in a chiral nematic liquid crystal,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 12, 808–810 (2002).
[Crossref]
P. V. Shibaev, K. Tang, A. Z. Genack, V. Kopp, and M. M. Green, “Lasing from a stiff chain polymeric lyotropic cholesteric liquid crystal,” Macromolecules 35, 3022–3025 (2002).
[Crossref]
M. Ozaki, M. Kasano, D. Ganzke, W. Haase, and K. Yoshino, “Mirrorless lasing in a dye-doped ferroelectric liquid crystal,” Adv. Mater. 14, 306–309 (2002).
[Crossref]
W.Y. Cao, A. Muñoz, P. Palffy-Muhorray, and B. Taheri. “Lasing in a three-dimensional photonic crystal of the liquid crystal blue phase ii,” Nat. Mater., 1, 111–113 (2002).
[Crossref]
A. Chanishvili, G. Chilaya, G. Petriashvili, R. Barberi, R. Bartolino, M. P. De Santo, M. A. Matranga, and F. Ciuchi, “Lasing in an intermediate twisted phase between cholesteric and smectic a phase,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 101105 1–3 (2006).
[Crossref]
J. Schmidtke, W. Stille, H. Finkelmann, and S. T. Kim, “Laser emission in a dye doped cholesteric polymer network,” Adv. Mater. 14, 746–749 (2002).
[Crossref]
P.V. Shibaev, A. Kopp, A. Genack, and E. Hanelt. “Lasing from chiral photonic band gap materials based on cholesteric glasses,” Liq. Cryst. 30, 1391–1400 (2003).
[Crossref]
A. Chanishvili, G. Chilaya, G. Petriashvili, R. Barberi, R. Bartolino, G. Cipparrone, A. Mazzulla, R. Gimenez, L. Oriol, and M. Pinol, “Widely tunable ultraviolet-visible liquid crystal laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 051107 (2005).
[Crossref]
Y. Huang, Y. Zhou, and S. T. Wu, “Spatially tunable laser emission in dye-doped photonic liquid crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 011107 (2005).
[Crossref]
M. Kasano, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, “Electrically tunable waveguide laser based on ferroelectric liquid crystal,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 4026–4028 (2003).
[Crossref]
Y. Mao, E. M. Terentjev, and M. Warner, “Cholesteric elastomers: deformable photonic solids,” Phys. Rev. E 64, 041803 (2001).
[Crossref]
M. Warner and E. M. Terentjev, Liquid Crystal ElastomersOxford science publications, (2003).
H. Finkelmann, S. T. Kim, A. Munoz, P. Palffy-Muhoray, and B. Taheri, “Tunable mirrorless lasing in cholesteric liquid crystalline elastomers,” Adv. Mater. 13, 1069–1072 (2001).
[Crossref]
P. Cicuta, A. R. Tajbakhsh, and E. M. Terentjev, “Evolution of photonic structure on deformation of cholesteric elastomers,” Phys. Rev. E 65, 051704 (2002).
[Crossref]
Y. Hirota, Y. Ji, F. Serra, A. R. Tajbakhsh, and E. M. Terentjev, “Effect of crosslinking on the photonic bandgap in deformable cholesteric elastomers,” Opt. Express 16, 5320–5331 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]
Y. Zhou, Y. Huang, A. Rapaport, M. Bass, and S. T. Wu, “Doubling the optical efficiency of a chiral liquid crystal laser using a reflector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 231107 (2005).
[Crossref]
Y. Zhou, Y. Huang, and S. T. Wu, “Enhancing cholesteric liquid crystal laser performance using a cholesteric reflector,” Opt. Express 14, 3906–3916 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]
Y. Zhou, Y. Huang, and S. T. Wu, “Enhancing cholesteric liquid crystal laser performance using a cholesteric reflector,” Phys. Rev. E 74, 061705 (2006).
[Crossref]
G. Chilaya, A. Chanishvili, G. Petriashvili, R. Barberi, G. Cipparrone, A. Mazzulla, M. P. De Santo, H. Sellame, and M. A. Matranga. “Single mode lasing in multilayer sandwiched systems consisting of cholesteric liquid crystals and dye solution,” in Xv International Symposium on Advanced Display Technologies 6637, 6670, (2007).

2008 (1)

Y. Hirota, Y. Ji, F. Serra, A. R. Tajbakhsh, and E. M. Terentjev, “Effect of crosslinking on the photonic bandgap in deformable cholesteric elastomers,” Opt. Express 16, 5320–5331 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2007 (1)

G. Chilaya, A. Chanishvili, G. Petriashvili, R. Barberi, G. Cipparrone, A. Mazzulla, M. P. De Santo, H. Sellame, and M. A. Matranga. “Single mode lasing in multilayer sandwiched systems consisting of cholesteric liquid crystals and dye solution,” in Xv International Symposium on Advanced Display Technologies 6637, 6670, (2007).

2006 (3)

A. Chanishvili, G. Chilaya, G. Petriashvili, R. Barberi, R. Bartolino, M. P. De Santo, M. A. Matranga, and F. Ciuchi, “Lasing in an intermediate twisted phase between cholesteric and smectic a phase,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 101105 1–3 (2006).
[Crossref]

Y. Zhou, Y. Huang, and S. T. Wu, “Enhancing cholesteric liquid crystal laser performance using a cholesteric reflector,” Opt. Express 14, 3906–3916 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Y. Zhou, Y. Huang, and S. T. Wu, “Enhancing cholesteric liquid crystal laser performance using a cholesteric reflector,” Phys. Rev. E 74, 061705 (2006).
[Crossref]

2005 (3)

Y. Zhou, Y. Huang, A. Rapaport, M. Bass, and S. T. Wu, “Doubling the optical efficiency of a chiral liquid crystal laser using a reflector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 231107 (2005).
[Crossref]

A. Chanishvili, G. Chilaya, G. Petriashvili, R. Barberi, R. Bartolino, G. Cipparrone, A. Mazzulla, R. Gimenez, L. Oriol, and M. Pinol, “Widely tunable ultraviolet-visible liquid crystal laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 051107 (2005).
[Crossref]

Y. Huang, Y. Zhou, and S. T. Wu, “Spatially tunable laser emission in dye-doped photonic liquid crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 011107 (2005).
[Crossref]

2003 (3)

M. Kasano, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, “Electrically tunable waveguide laser based on ferroelectric liquid crystal,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 4026–4028 (2003).
[Crossref]

F. Araoka, K.-C. Shin, Y Takanishi, K. Ishikawa, H. Takezoe, Z. G. Zhu, and T. M. Swager, “How doping a cholesteric liquid crystal with polymeric dye improves an order parameter and makes possible low threshold lasing,” J. Appl. Phys. 94, 279–283 (2003).
[Crossref]

P.V. Shibaev, A. Kopp, A. Genack, and E. Hanelt. “Lasing from chiral photonic band gap materials based on cholesteric glasses,” Liq. Cryst. 30, 1391–1400 (2003).
[Crossref]

2002 (6)

J. Schmidtke, W. Stille, H. Finkelmann, and S. T. Kim, “Laser emission in a dye doped cholesteric polymer network,” Adv. Mater. 14, 746–749 (2002).
[Crossref]

P. Cicuta, A. R. Tajbakhsh, and E. M. Terentjev, “Evolution of photonic structure on deformation of cholesteric elastomers,” Phys. Rev. E 65, 051704 (2002).
[Crossref]

M. Chambers, M. Fox, M. Grell, and J. Hill, “Lasing from a förster transfer fluorescent dye couple dissolved in a chiral nematic liquid crystal,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 12, 808–810 (2002).
[Crossref]

P. V. Shibaev, K. Tang, A. Z. Genack, V. Kopp, and M. M. Green, “Lasing from a stiff chain polymeric lyotropic cholesteric liquid crystal,” Macromolecules 35, 3022–3025 (2002).
[Crossref]

M. Ozaki, M. Kasano, D. Ganzke, W. Haase, and K. Yoshino, “Mirrorless lasing in a dye-doped ferroelectric liquid crystal,” Adv. Mater. 14, 306–309 (2002).
[Crossref]

W.Y. Cao, A. Muñoz, P. Palffy-Muhorray, and B. Taheri. “Lasing in a three-dimensional photonic crystal of the liquid crystal blue phase ii,” Nat. Mater., 1, 111–113 (2002).
[Crossref]

2001 (3)

Y. Mao, E. M. Terentjev, and M. Warner, “Cholesteric elastomers: deformable photonic solids,” Phys. Rev. E 64, 041803 (2001).
[Crossref]

H. Finkelmann, S. T. Kim, A. Munoz, P. Palffy-Muhoray, and B. Taheri, “Tunable mirrorless lasing in cholesteric liquid crystalline elastomers,” Adv. Mater. 13, 1069–1072 (2001).
[Crossref]

A. Muñoz, Palffy-Muhoray, and Taheri, “Ultraviolet lasing in cholesteric liquid crystals,” Opt. Lett. 26, 804–806 (2001).
[Crossref]

1998 (1)

V. I. Kopp, B. Fan, H. K. M. Vithana, and A. Z. Genack, “Low-threshold lasing at the edge of a photonic stop band in cholesteric liquid crystals,” Opt. Lett. 23, 1707–1709 (1998).
[Crossref]

1980 (1)

I. P. Il’chishin, E. A. Tikhonov, V. G. Tishchenko, and M. T. Shpak, “Generation of tunable radiation by impurity cholesteric liquid crystals,” Sov. JEPT Letters 32, 24–27 (1980).

Araoka, F.

Barberi, R.

Bartolino, R.

Bass, M.

Y. Zhou, Y. Huang, A. Rapaport, M. Bass, and S. T. Wu, “Doubling the optical efficiency of a chiral liquid crystal laser using a reflector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 231107 (2005).
[Crossref]

Cao, W.Y.

W.Y. Cao, A. Muñoz, P. Palffy-Muhorray, and B. Taheri. “Lasing in a three-dimensional photonic crystal of the liquid crystal blue phase ii,” Nat. Mater., 1, 111–113 (2002).
[Crossref]

Chambers, M.

Chandrasekhar, S.

S. Chandrasekhar. Liquid Crystals (Cambridge University press, 2nd edition, 2004).

Chanishvili, A.

Chilaya, G.

Cicuta, P.

P. Cicuta, A. R. Tajbakhsh, and E. M. Terentjev, “Evolution of photonic structure on deformation of cholesteric elastomers,” Phys. Rev. E 65, 051704 (2002).
[Crossref]

Cipparrone, G.

Ciuchi, F.

de Gennes, P. G.

P. G. de Gennes and J. ProstThe Physics of Liquid Crystals (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1993).

De Santo, M. P.

Fan, B.

V. I. Kopp, B. Fan, H. K. M. Vithana, and A. Z. Genack, “Low-threshold lasing at the edge of a photonic stop band in cholesteric liquid crystals,” Opt. Lett. 23, 1707–1709 (1998).
[Crossref]

Finkelmann, H.

J. Schmidtke, W. Stille, H. Finkelmann, and S. T. Kim, “Laser emission in a dye doped cholesteric polymer network,” Adv. Mater. 14, 746–749 (2002).
[Crossref]

H. Finkelmann, S. T. Kim, A. Munoz, P. Palffy-Muhoray, and B. Taheri, “Tunable mirrorless lasing in cholesteric liquid crystalline elastomers,” Adv. Mater. 13, 1069–1072 (2001).
[Crossref]

Fox, M.

Ganzke, D.

M. Ozaki, M. Kasano, D. Ganzke, W. Haase, and K. Yoshino, “Mirrorless lasing in a dye-doped ferroelectric liquid crystal,” Adv. Mater. 14, 306–309 (2002).
[Crossref]

Genack, A.

P.V. Shibaev, A. Kopp, A. Genack, and E. Hanelt. “Lasing from chiral photonic band gap materials based on cholesteric glasses,” Liq. Cryst. 30, 1391–1400 (2003).
[Crossref]

Genack, A. Z.

P. V. Shibaev, K. Tang, A. Z. Genack, V. Kopp, and M. M. Green, “Lasing from a stiff chain polymeric lyotropic cholesteric liquid crystal,” Macromolecules 35, 3022–3025 (2002).
[Crossref]

V. I. Kopp, B. Fan, H. K. M. Vithana, and A. Z. Genack, “Low-threshold lasing at the edge of a photonic stop band in cholesteric liquid crystals,” Opt. Lett. 23, 1707–1709 (1998).
[Crossref]

Gimenez, R.

Goldberg, L. S.

L. S. Goldberg and J. M. Schnur, “Tunable internal-feedback liquid crystal dye laser,” (US patent 3 771 065 , 1973).

Green, M. M.

P. V. Shibaev, K. Tang, A. Z. Genack, V. Kopp, and M. M. Green, “Lasing from a stiff chain polymeric lyotropic cholesteric liquid crystal,” Macromolecules 35, 3022–3025 (2002).
[Crossref]

Grell, M.

Haase, W.

M. Ozaki, M. Kasano, D. Ganzke, W. Haase, and K. Yoshino, “Mirrorless lasing in a dye-doped ferroelectric liquid crystal,” Adv. Mater. 14, 306–309 (2002).
[Crossref]

Hanelt, E.

P.V. Shibaev, A. Kopp, A. Genack, and E. Hanelt. “Lasing from chiral photonic band gap materials based on cholesteric glasses,” Liq. Cryst. 30, 1391–1400 (2003).
[Crossref]

Hill, J.

Hirota, Y.

Huang, Y.

Y. Zhou, Y. Huang, and S. T. Wu, “Enhancing cholesteric liquid crystal laser performance using a cholesteric reflector,” Opt. Express 14, 3906–3916 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Y. Zhou, Y. Huang, and S. T. Wu, “Enhancing cholesteric liquid crystal laser performance using a cholesteric reflector,” Phys. Rev. E 74, 061705 (2006).
[Crossref]

Y. Zhou, Y. Huang, A. Rapaport, M. Bass, and S. T. Wu, “Doubling the optical efficiency of a chiral liquid crystal laser using a reflector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 231107 (2005).
[Crossref]

Y. Huang, Y. Zhou, and S. T. Wu, “Spatially tunable laser emission in dye-doped photonic liquid crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 011107 (2005).
[Crossref]

Il’chishin, I. P.

I. P. Il’chishin, E. A. Tikhonov, V. G. Tishchenko, and M. T. Shpak, “Generation of tunable radiation by impurity cholesteric liquid crystals,” Sov. JEPT Letters 32, 24–27 (1980).

Ishikawa, K.

Ji, Y.

Kasano, M.

M. Kasano, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, “Electrically tunable waveguide laser based on ferroelectric liquid crystal,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 4026–4028 (2003).
[Crossref]

M. Ozaki, M. Kasano, D. Ganzke, W. Haase, and K. Yoshino, “Mirrorless lasing in a dye-doped ferroelectric liquid crystal,” Adv. Mater. 14, 306–309 (2002).
[Crossref]

Kim, S. T.

J. Schmidtke, W. Stille, H. Finkelmann, and S. T. Kim, “Laser emission in a dye doped cholesteric polymer network,” Adv. Mater. 14, 746–749 (2002).
[Crossref]

H. Finkelmann, S. T. Kim, A. Munoz, P. Palffy-Muhoray, and B. Taheri, “Tunable mirrorless lasing in cholesteric liquid crystalline elastomers,” Adv. Mater. 13, 1069–1072 (2001).
[Crossref]

Kopp, A.

P.V. Shibaev, A. Kopp, A. Genack, and E. Hanelt. “Lasing from chiral photonic band gap materials based on cholesteric glasses,” Liq. Cryst. 30, 1391–1400 (2003).
[Crossref]

Kopp, V.

P. V. Shibaev, K. Tang, A. Z. Genack, V. Kopp, and M. M. Green, “Lasing from a stiff chain polymeric lyotropic cholesteric liquid crystal,” Macromolecules 35, 3022–3025 (2002).
[Crossref]

Kopp, V. I.

V. I. Kopp, B. Fan, H. K. M. Vithana, and A. Z. Genack, “Low-threshold lasing at the edge of a photonic stop band in cholesteric liquid crystals,” Opt. Lett. 23, 1707–1709 (1998).
[Crossref]

Mao, Y.

Y. Mao, E. M. Terentjev, and M. Warner, “Cholesteric elastomers: deformable photonic solids,” Phys. Rev. E 64, 041803 (2001).
[Crossref]

Matranga, M. A.

Mazzulla, A.

Munoz, A.

H. Finkelmann, S. T. Kim, A. Munoz, P. Palffy-Muhoray, and B. Taheri, “Tunable mirrorless lasing in cholesteric liquid crystalline elastomers,” Adv. Mater. 13, 1069–1072 (2001).
[Crossref]

Muñoz, A.

W.Y. Cao, A. Muñoz, P. Palffy-Muhorray, and B. Taheri. “Lasing in a three-dimensional photonic crystal of the liquid crystal blue phase ii,” Nat. Mater., 1, 111–113 (2002).
[Crossref]

A. Muñoz, Palffy-Muhoray, and Taheri, “Ultraviolet lasing in cholesteric liquid crystals,” Opt. Lett. 26, 804–806 (2001).
[Crossref]

Oriol, L.

Ozaki, M.

M. Kasano, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, “Electrically tunable waveguide laser based on ferroelectric liquid crystal,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 4026–4028 (2003).
[Crossref]

M. Ozaki, M. Kasano, D. Ganzke, W. Haase, and K. Yoshino, “Mirrorless lasing in a dye-doped ferroelectric liquid crystal,” Adv. Mater. 14, 306–309 (2002).
[Crossref]

Palffy-Muhoray,

A. Muñoz, Palffy-Muhoray, and Taheri, “Ultraviolet lasing in cholesteric liquid crystals,” Opt. Lett. 26, 804–806 (2001).
[Crossref]

Palffy-Muhoray, P.

H. Finkelmann, S. T. Kim, A. Munoz, P. Palffy-Muhoray, and B. Taheri, “Tunable mirrorless lasing in cholesteric liquid crystalline elastomers,” Adv. Mater. 13, 1069–1072 (2001).
[Crossref]

Palffy-Muhorray, P.

W.Y. Cao, A. Muñoz, P. Palffy-Muhorray, and B. Taheri. “Lasing in a three-dimensional photonic crystal of the liquid crystal blue phase ii,” Nat. Mater., 1, 111–113 (2002).
[Crossref]

Petriashvili, G.

Pinol, M.

Prost, J.

P. G. de Gennes and J. ProstThe Physics of Liquid Crystals (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1993).

Rapaport, A.

Y. Zhou, Y. Huang, A. Rapaport, M. Bass, and S. T. Wu, “Doubling the optical efficiency of a chiral liquid crystal laser using a reflector,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 231107 (2005).
[Crossref]

Schmidtke, J.

J. Schmidtke, W. Stille, H. Finkelmann, and S. T. Kim, “Laser emission in a dye doped cholesteric polymer network,” Adv. Mater. 14, 746–749 (2002).
[Crossref]

Schnur, J. M.

L. S. Goldberg and J. M. Schnur, “Tunable internal-feedback liquid crystal dye laser,” (US patent 3 771 065 , 1973).

Sellame, H.

Serra, F.

Shibaev, P. V.

P. V. Shibaev, K. Tang, A. Z. Genack, V. Kopp, and M. M. Green, “Lasing from a stiff chain polymeric lyotropic cholesteric liquid crystal,” Macromolecules 35, 3022–3025 (2002).
[Crossref]

Shibaev, P.V.

P.V. Shibaev, A. Kopp, A. Genack, and E. Hanelt. “Lasing from chiral photonic band gap materials based on cholesteric glasses,” Liq. Cryst. 30, 1391–1400 (2003).
[Crossref]

Shin, K.-C.

Shpak, M. T.

I. P. Il’chishin, E. A. Tikhonov, V. G. Tishchenko, and M. T. Shpak, “Generation of tunable radiation by impurity cholesteric liquid crystals,” Sov. JEPT Letters 32, 24–27 (1980).

Stille, W.

J. Schmidtke, W. Stille, H. Finkelmann, and S. T. Kim, “Laser emission in a dye doped cholesteric polymer network,” Adv. Mater. 14, 746–749 (2002).
[Crossref]

Swager, T. M.

Taheri,

A. Muñoz, Palffy-Muhoray, and Taheri, “Ultraviolet lasing in cholesteric liquid crystals,” Opt. Lett. 26, 804–806 (2001).
[Crossref]

Taheri, B.

W.Y. Cao, A. Muñoz, P. Palffy-Muhorray, and B. Taheri. “Lasing in a three-dimensional photonic crystal of the liquid crystal blue phase ii,” Nat. Mater., 1, 111–113 (2002).
[Crossref]

H. Finkelmann, S. T. Kim, A. Munoz, P. Palffy-Muhoray, and B. Taheri, “Tunable mirrorless lasing in cholesteric liquid crystalline elastomers,” Adv. Mater. 13, 1069–1072 (2001).
[Crossref]

Tajbakhsh, A. R.

P. Cicuta, A. R. Tajbakhsh, and E. M. Terentjev, “Evolution of photonic structure on deformation of cholesteric elastomers,” Phys. Rev. E 65, 051704 (2002).
[Crossref]

Takanishi, Y

Takezoe, H.

Tang, K.

P. V. Shibaev, K. Tang, A. Z. Genack, V. Kopp, and M. M. Green, “Lasing from a stiff chain polymeric lyotropic cholesteric liquid crystal,” Macromolecules 35, 3022–3025 (2002).
[Crossref]

Terentjev, E. M.

P. Cicuta, A. R. Tajbakhsh, and E. M. Terentjev, “Evolution of photonic structure on deformation of cholesteric elastomers,” Phys. Rev. E 65, 051704 (2002).
[Crossref]

Y. Mao, E. M. Terentjev, and M. Warner, “Cholesteric elastomers: deformable photonic solids,” Phys. Rev. E 64, 041803 (2001).
[Crossref]

M. Warner and E. M. Terentjev, Liquid Crystal ElastomersOxford science publications, (2003).

Tikhonov, E. A.

I. P. Il’chishin, E. A. Tikhonov, V. G. Tishchenko, and M. T. Shpak, “Generation of tunable radiation by impurity cholesteric liquid crystals,” Sov. JEPT Letters 32, 24–27 (1980).

Tishchenko, V. G.

I. P. Il’chishin, E. A. Tikhonov, V. G. Tishchenko, and M. T. Shpak, “Generation of tunable radiation by impurity cholesteric liquid crystals,” Sov. JEPT Letters 32, 24–27 (1980).

Vithana, H. K. M.

V. I. Kopp, B. Fan, H. K. M. Vithana, and A. Z. Genack, “Low-threshold lasing at the edge of a photonic stop band in cholesteric liquid crystals,” Opt. Lett. 23, 1707–1709 (1998).
[Crossref]

Warner, M.

Y. Mao, E. M. Terentjev, and M. Warner, “Cholesteric elastomers: deformable photonic solids,” Phys. Rev. E 64, 041803 (2001).
[Crossref]

M. Warner and E. M. Terentjev, Liquid Crystal ElastomersOxford science publications, (2003).

Wu, S. T.

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[Crossref]

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Y. Huang, Y. Zhou, and S. T. Wu, “Spatially tunable laser emission in dye-doped photonic liquid crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 011107 (2005).
[Crossref]

M. Kasano, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, “Electrically tunable waveguide laser based on ferroelectric liquid crystal,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 4026–4028 (2003).
[Crossref]

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Fig. 1.

Scheme representing the layered structure: two silicone elastomers are used as mechanical support for CLC elastomers. The more internal layer is a dye-doped isotropic polymer.

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Fig. 2.

Left panel: tuning of the notch in the shifted band-gap assembly where the two CLC elastomers had different composition (13.5% and 10% chiral dopant). The strain-dependent position of the notch is indicated by vertical lines. Right panel: wavelength shift of the notch as a function of the stretching. The fit is obtained with a power law where the exponent is -0.36, therefore in the expected range between -0.5 and -0.25 (colors online).

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Fig. 3.

Left panel: tuning of the notch in the shifted band-gap assembly. The value of the stretching is referred to the initially unstretched layer. The other layer was previously stretched by 13%. Right panel: wavelength shift of the notch as a function of the stretching. The fit is obtained with a power law where the exponent is -0.36 (colors online).

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Fig. 4.

Example of laser emission obtained with a three-layer device in the shifted band-gap configuration being progressively stretched. In the figure it is possible to observe the mechanical tuning of about 5 nanometers. The inset shows the wavelength tuning as a function of the sample strain.

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