Abstract

We report a dye-doped nematic liquid crystal microlaser that allows the two-dimensional alignment of the liquid crystal to be projected directly on the output polarization of the laser beam. The laser cavity is composed of a pair of dielectric multilayers sandwiching a dye-doped nematic liquid crystal with patterned alignment, and exploits the fact that the resonance modes in such systems are split into two orthogonally polarized modes experiencing either the extraordinary or ordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal. Azimuthally polarized lasing is demonstrated using a concentrically aligned liquid crystal layer.

©2010 Optical Society of America

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References

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  1. P. Yeh, and C. Gu, Optics of Liquid Crystal Displays, 2nd ed. (Wiley, 2009).
  2. I. P. Il'chishin, V. G. Tikhonov, V. G. Tishchenko, and M. T. Shpak, “Generation of a tunable radiation by impurity cholesteric liquid crystals,” JETP Lett. 32, 24–27 (1980).
  3. V. I. Kopp, B. Fan, H. K. M. Vithana, and A. Z. Genack, “Low-threshold lasing at the edge of a photonic stop band in cholesteric liquid crystals,” Opt. Lett. 23(21), 1707–1709 (1998).
    [Crossref]
  4. M. Ozaki, M. Kasano, D. Ganzke, W. Haase, and K. Yoshino, “Mirrorless Lasing in a Dye-Doped Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal,” Adv. Mater. 14(4), 306–309 (2002).
    [Crossref]
  5. W. Cao, A. Muñoz, P. Palffy-Muhoray, and B. Taheri, “Lasing in a three-dimensional photonic crystal of the liquid crystal blue phase II,” Nat. Mater. 1(2), 111–113 (2002).
    [Crossref]
  6. A. D. Ford, S. M. Morris, and H. J. Coles, “Photonics and lasing in liquid crystals,” Mater. Today 9(7-8), 36–42 (2006).
    [Crossref]
  7. K. Funamoto, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, “Discontinuous Shift of Lasing Wavelength with Temperature in Cholesteric Liquid Crystal,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 42(Part 2, No. 12B), L1523–L1525 (2003).
    [Crossref]
  8. M. Ozaki, M. Kasano, T. Kitasho, D. Ganzke, W. Haase, and K. Yoshino, “Electro-Tunable Liquid-Crystal Laser,” Adv. Mater. 15(12), 974–977 (2003).
    [Crossref]
  9. Y. Inoue, Y. Matsuhisa, H. Yoshida, R. Ozaki, H. Moritake, A. Fujii, and M. Ozaki, “Electric Field Dependence of Lasing Wavelength in Cholesteric Liquid Crystal with an In-Plane Helix Alignment,” Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. (Phila. Pa.) 516, 182–189 (2010).
    [Crossref]
  10. V. S. Letokhov, “Quantum statistics of multiple- mode emission of an atomic ensemble,” Sov. Phys. JETP 26, 1246 (1968).
  11. G. Strangi, S. Ferjani, V. Barna, A. De Luca, C. Versace, N. Scaramuzza, and R. Bartolino, “Random lasing and weak localization of light in dye-doped nematic liquid crystals,” Opt. Express 14(17), 7737–7744 (2006).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  12. S. Ferjani, A. De Luca, V. Barna, C. Versace, and G. Strangi, “Thermo-recurrent nematic random laser,” Opt. Express 17(3), 2042–2047 (2009).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  13. R. Ozaki, T. Matsui, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, “Electrically color-tunable defect mode lasing in one-dimensional photonic-band-gap system containing liquid crystal,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 82(21), 3593 (2003).
    [Crossref]
  14. S. M. Jeong, N. Y. Ha, F. Araoka, K. Ishikawa, and H. Takezoe, “Electrotunable polarization of surface-emitting distributed feedback laser with nematic liquid crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(17), 171105 (2008).
    [Crossref]
  15. Q. Zhan, “Cylindrical vector beams: from mathematical concepts to applications,” Adv. Opt. Photon. 1(1), 1–57 (2009).
    [Crossref]
  16. R. Ozaki, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, “Defect Mode in One-Dimensional Photonic Crystal with In-Plane Switchable Nematic Liquid Crystal Defect Layer,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 43(No. 11B), L1477–L1479 (2004).
    [Crossref]
  17. J. Schmidtke and W. Stille, “Fluorescence of a dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystal film in the region of the stop band: theory and experiment,” Eur. Phys. J. B 31(2), 179–194 (2003).
    [Crossref]
  18. K. Ichimura, “Photoalignment of Liquid-Crystal Systems,” Chem. Rev. 100(5), 1847–1874 (2000).
    [Crossref]
  19. C. H. Lee, H. Yoshida, Y. Miura, A. Fujii, and M. Ozaki, “Local liquid crystal alignment on patterned micrograting structures photofabricated by two photon excitation direct laser writing,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 93(17), 173509 (2008).
    [Crossref]
  20. J. Niitsuma, M. Yoneya, and H. Yokoyama, “Contact photolithographic micropatterning for bistable nematic liquid crystal displays,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(24), 241120 (2008).
    [Crossref]

2010 (1)

Y. Inoue, Y. Matsuhisa, H. Yoshida, R. Ozaki, H. Moritake, A. Fujii, and M. Ozaki, “Electric Field Dependence of Lasing Wavelength in Cholesteric Liquid Crystal with an In-Plane Helix Alignment,” Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. (Phila. Pa.) 516, 182–189 (2010).
[Crossref]

2009 (2)

2008 (3)

C. H. Lee, H. Yoshida, Y. Miura, A. Fujii, and M. Ozaki, “Local liquid crystal alignment on patterned micrograting structures photofabricated by two photon excitation direct laser writing,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 93(17), 173509 (2008).
[Crossref]

J. Niitsuma, M. Yoneya, and H. Yokoyama, “Contact photolithographic micropatterning for bistable nematic liquid crystal displays,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(24), 241120 (2008).
[Crossref]

S. M. Jeong, N. Y. Ha, F. Araoka, K. Ishikawa, and H. Takezoe, “Electrotunable polarization of surface-emitting distributed feedback laser with nematic liquid crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(17), 171105 (2008).
[Crossref]

2006 (2)

2004 (1)

R. Ozaki, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, “Defect Mode in One-Dimensional Photonic Crystal with In-Plane Switchable Nematic Liquid Crystal Defect Layer,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 43(No. 11B), L1477–L1479 (2004).
[Crossref]

2003 (4)

J. Schmidtke and W. Stille, “Fluorescence of a dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystal film in the region of the stop band: theory and experiment,” Eur. Phys. J. B 31(2), 179–194 (2003).
[Crossref]

K. Funamoto, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, “Discontinuous Shift of Lasing Wavelength with Temperature in Cholesteric Liquid Crystal,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 42(Part 2, No. 12B), L1523–L1525 (2003).
[Crossref]

M. Ozaki, M. Kasano, T. Kitasho, D. Ganzke, W. Haase, and K. Yoshino, “Electro-Tunable Liquid-Crystal Laser,” Adv. Mater. 15(12), 974–977 (2003).
[Crossref]

R. Ozaki, T. Matsui, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, “Electrically color-tunable defect mode lasing in one-dimensional photonic-band-gap system containing liquid crystal,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 82(21), 3593 (2003).
[Crossref]

2002 (2)

M. Ozaki, M. Kasano, D. Ganzke, W. Haase, and K. Yoshino, “Mirrorless Lasing in a Dye-Doped Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal,” Adv. Mater. 14(4), 306–309 (2002).
[Crossref]

W. Cao, A. Muñoz, P. Palffy-Muhoray, and B. Taheri, “Lasing in a three-dimensional photonic crystal of the liquid crystal blue phase II,” Nat. Mater. 1(2), 111–113 (2002).
[Crossref]

2000 (1)

K. Ichimura, “Photoalignment of Liquid-Crystal Systems,” Chem. Rev. 100(5), 1847–1874 (2000).
[Crossref]

1998 (1)

1980 (1)

I. P. Il'chishin, V. G. Tikhonov, V. G. Tishchenko, and M. T. Shpak, “Generation of a tunable radiation by impurity cholesteric liquid crystals,” JETP Lett. 32, 24–27 (1980).

1968 (1)

V. S. Letokhov, “Quantum statistics of multiple- mode emission of an atomic ensemble,” Sov. Phys. JETP 26, 1246 (1968).

Araoka, F.

S. M. Jeong, N. Y. Ha, F. Araoka, K. Ishikawa, and H. Takezoe, “Electrotunable polarization of surface-emitting distributed feedback laser with nematic liquid crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(17), 171105 (2008).
[Crossref]

Barna, V.

Bartolino, R.

Cao, W.

W. Cao, A. Muñoz, P. Palffy-Muhoray, and B. Taheri, “Lasing in a three-dimensional photonic crystal of the liquid crystal blue phase II,” Nat. Mater. 1(2), 111–113 (2002).
[Crossref]

Coles, H. J.

A. D. Ford, S. M. Morris, and H. J. Coles, “Photonics and lasing in liquid crystals,” Mater. Today 9(7-8), 36–42 (2006).
[Crossref]

De Luca, A.

Fan, B.

Ferjani, S.

Ford, A. D.

A. D. Ford, S. M. Morris, and H. J. Coles, “Photonics and lasing in liquid crystals,” Mater. Today 9(7-8), 36–42 (2006).
[Crossref]

Fujii, A.

Y. Inoue, Y. Matsuhisa, H. Yoshida, R. Ozaki, H. Moritake, A. Fujii, and M. Ozaki, “Electric Field Dependence of Lasing Wavelength in Cholesteric Liquid Crystal with an In-Plane Helix Alignment,” Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. (Phila. Pa.) 516, 182–189 (2010).
[Crossref]

C. H. Lee, H. Yoshida, Y. Miura, A. Fujii, and M. Ozaki, “Local liquid crystal alignment on patterned micrograting structures photofabricated by two photon excitation direct laser writing,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 93(17), 173509 (2008).
[Crossref]

Funamoto, K.

K. Funamoto, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, “Discontinuous Shift of Lasing Wavelength with Temperature in Cholesteric Liquid Crystal,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 42(Part 2, No. 12B), L1523–L1525 (2003).
[Crossref]

Ganzke, D.

M. Ozaki, M. Kasano, T. Kitasho, D. Ganzke, W. Haase, and K. Yoshino, “Electro-Tunable Liquid-Crystal Laser,” Adv. Mater. 15(12), 974–977 (2003).
[Crossref]

M. Ozaki, M. Kasano, D. Ganzke, W. Haase, and K. Yoshino, “Mirrorless Lasing in a Dye-Doped Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal,” Adv. Mater. 14(4), 306–309 (2002).
[Crossref]

Genack, A. Z.

Ha, N. Y.

S. M. Jeong, N. Y. Ha, F. Araoka, K. Ishikawa, and H. Takezoe, “Electrotunable polarization of surface-emitting distributed feedback laser with nematic liquid crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(17), 171105 (2008).
[Crossref]

Haase, W.

M. Ozaki, M. Kasano, T. Kitasho, D. Ganzke, W. Haase, and K. Yoshino, “Electro-Tunable Liquid-Crystal Laser,” Adv. Mater. 15(12), 974–977 (2003).
[Crossref]

M. Ozaki, M. Kasano, D. Ganzke, W. Haase, and K. Yoshino, “Mirrorless Lasing in a Dye-Doped Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal,” Adv. Mater. 14(4), 306–309 (2002).
[Crossref]

Ichimura, K.

K. Ichimura, “Photoalignment of Liquid-Crystal Systems,” Chem. Rev. 100(5), 1847–1874 (2000).
[Crossref]

Il'chishin, I. P.

I. P. Il'chishin, V. G. Tikhonov, V. G. Tishchenko, and M. T. Shpak, “Generation of a tunable radiation by impurity cholesteric liquid crystals,” JETP Lett. 32, 24–27 (1980).

Inoue, Y.

Y. Inoue, Y. Matsuhisa, H. Yoshida, R. Ozaki, H. Moritake, A. Fujii, and M. Ozaki, “Electric Field Dependence of Lasing Wavelength in Cholesteric Liquid Crystal with an In-Plane Helix Alignment,” Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. (Phila. Pa.) 516, 182–189 (2010).
[Crossref]

Ishikawa, K.

S. M. Jeong, N. Y. Ha, F. Araoka, K. Ishikawa, and H. Takezoe, “Electrotunable polarization of surface-emitting distributed feedback laser with nematic liquid crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(17), 171105 (2008).
[Crossref]

Jeong, S. M.

S. M. Jeong, N. Y. Ha, F. Araoka, K. Ishikawa, and H. Takezoe, “Electrotunable polarization of surface-emitting distributed feedback laser with nematic liquid crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(17), 171105 (2008).
[Crossref]

Kasano, M.

M. Ozaki, M. Kasano, T. Kitasho, D. Ganzke, W. Haase, and K. Yoshino, “Electro-Tunable Liquid-Crystal Laser,” Adv. Mater. 15(12), 974–977 (2003).
[Crossref]

M. Ozaki, M. Kasano, D. Ganzke, W. Haase, and K. Yoshino, “Mirrorless Lasing in a Dye-Doped Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal,” Adv. Mater. 14(4), 306–309 (2002).
[Crossref]

Kitasho, T.

M. Ozaki, M. Kasano, T. Kitasho, D. Ganzke, W. Haase, and K. Yoshino, “Electro-Tunable Liquid-Crystal Laser,” Adv. Mater. 15(12), 974–977 (2003).
[Crossref]

Kopp, V. I.

Lee, C. H.

C. H. Lee, H. Yoshida, Y. Miura, A. Fujii, and M. Ozaki, “Local liquid crystal alignment on patterned micrograting structures photofabricated by two photon excitation direct laser writing,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 93(17), 173509 (2008).
[Crossref]

Letokhov, V. S.

V. S. Letokhov, “Quantum statistics of multiple- mode emission of an atomic ensemble,” Sov. Phys. JETP 26, 1246 (1968).

Matsuhisa, Y.

Y. Inoue, Y. Matsuhisa, H. Yoshida, R. Ozaki, H. Moritake, A. Fujii, and M. Ozaki, “Electric Field Dependence of Lasing Wavelength in Cholesteric Liquid Crystal with an In-Plane Helix Alignment,” Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. (Phila. Pa.) 516, 182–189 (2010).
[Crossref]

Matsui, T.

R. Ozaki, T. Matsui, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, “Electrically color-tunable defect mode lasing in one-dimensional photonic-band-gap system containing liquid crystal,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 82(21), 3593 (2003).
[Crossref]

Miura, Y.

C. H. Lee, H. Yoshida, Y. Miura, A. Fujii, and M. Ozaki, “Local liquid crystal alignment on patterned micrograting structures photofabricated by two photon excitation direct laser writing,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 93(17), 173509 (2008).
[Crossref]

Moritake, H.

Y. Inoue, Y. Matsuhisa, H. Yoshida, R. Ozaki, H. Moritake, A. Fujii, and M. Ozaki, “Electric Field Dependence of Lasing Wavelength in Cholesteric Liquid Crystal with an In-Plane Helix Alignment,” Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. (Phila. Pa.) 516, 182–189 (2010).
[Crossref]

Morris, S. M.

A. D. Ford, S. M. Morris, and H. J. Coles, “Photonics and lasing in liquid crystals,” Mater. Today 9(7-8), 36–42 (2006).
[Crossref]

Muñoz, A.

W. Cao, A. Muñoz, P. Palffy-Muhoray, and B. Taheri, “Lasing in a three-dimensional photonic crystal of the liquid crystal blue phase II,” Nat. Mater. 1(2), 111–113 (2002).
[Crossref]

Niitsuma, J.

J. Niitsuma, M. Yoneya, and H. Yokoyama, “Contact photolithographic micropatterning for bistable nematic liquid crystal displays,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(24), 241120 (2008).
[Crossref]

Ozaki, M.

Y. Inoue, Y. Matsuhisa, H. Yoshida, R. Ozaki, H. Moritake, A. Fujii, and M. Ozaki, “Electric Field Dependence of Lasing Wavelength in Cholesteric Liquid Crystal with an In-Plane Helix Alignment,” Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. (Phila. Pa.) 516, 182–189 (2010).
[Crossref]

C. H. Lee, H. Yoshida, Y. Miura, A. Fujii, and M. Ozaki, “Local liquid crystal alignment on patterned micrograting structures photofabricated by two photon excitation direct laser writing,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 93(17), 173509 (2008).
[Crossref]

R. Ozaki, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, “Defect Mode in One-Dimensional Photonic Crystal with In-Plane Switchable Nematic Liquid Crystal Defect Layer,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 43(No. 11B), L1477–L1479 (2004).
[Crossref]

R. Ozaki, T. Matsui, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, “Electrically color-tunable defect mode lasing in one-dimensional photonic-band-gap system containing liquid crystal,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 82(21), 3593 (2003).
[Crossref]

M. Ozaki, M. Kasano, T. Kitasho, D. Ganzke, W. Haase, and K. Yoshino, “Electro-Tunable Liquid-Crystal Laser,” Adv. Mater. 15(12), 974–977 (2003).
[Crossref]

K. Funamoto, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, “Discontinuous Shift of Lasing Wavelength with Temperature in Cholesteric Liquid Crystal,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 42(Part 2, No. 12B), L1523–L1525 (2003).
[Crossref]

M. Ozaki, M. Kasano, D. Ganzke, W. Haase, and K. Yoshino, “Mirrorless Lasing in a Dye-Doped Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal,” Adv. Mater. 14(4), 306–309 (2002).
[Crossref]

Ozaki, R.

Y. Inoue, Y. Matsuhisa, H. Yoshida, R. Ozaki, H. Moritake, A. Fujii, and M. Ozaki, “Electric Field Dependence of Lasing Wavelength in Cholesteric Liquid Crystal with an In-Plane Helix Alignment,” Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. (Phila. Pa.) 516, 182–189 (2010).
[Crossref]

R. Ozaki, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, “Defect Mode in One-Dimensional Photonic Crystal with In-Plane Switchable Nematic Liquid Crystal Defect Layer,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 43(No. 11B), L1477–L1479 (2004).
[Crossref]

R. Ozaki, T. Matsui, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, “Electrically color-tunable defect mode lasing in one-dimensional photonic-band-gap system containing liquid crystal,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 82(21), 3593 (2003).
[Crossref]

Palffy-Muhoray, P.

W. Cao, A. Muñoz, P. Palffy-Muhoray, and B. Taheri, “Lasing in a three-dimensional photonic crystal of the liquid crystal blue phase II,” Nat. Mater. 1(2), 111–113 (2002).
[Crossref]

Scaramuzza, N.

Schmidtke, J.

J. Schmidtke and W. Stille, “Fluorescence of a dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystal film in the region of the stop band: theory and experiment,” Eur. Phys. J. B 31(2), 179–194 (2003).
[Crossref]

Shpak, M. T.

I. P. Il'chishin, V. G. Tikhonov, V. G. Tishchenko, and M. T. Shpak, “Generation of a tunable radiation by impurity cholesteric liquid crystals,” JETP Lett. 32, 24–27 (1980).

Stille, W.

J. Schmidtke and W. Stille, “Fluorescence of a dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystal film in the region of the stop band: theory and experiment,” Eur. Phys. J. B 31(2), 179–194 (2003).
[Crossref]

Strangi, G.

Taheri, B.

W. Cao, A. Muñoz, P. Palffy-Muhoray, and B. Taheri, “Lasing in a three-dimensional photonic crystal of the liquid crystal blue phase II,” Nat. Mater. 1(2), 111–113 (2002).
[Crossref]

Takezoe, H.

S. M. Jeong, N. Y. Ha, F. Araoka, K. Ishikawa, and H. Takezoe, “Electrotunable polarization of surface-emitting distributed feedback laser with nematic liquid crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(17), 171105 (2008).
[Crossref]

Tikhonov, V. G.

I. P. Il'chishin, V. G. Tikhonov, V. G. Tishchenko, and M. T. Shpak, “Generation of a tunable radiation by impurity cholesteric liquid crystals,” JETP Lett. 32, 24–27 (1980).

Tishchenko, V. G.

I. P. Il'chishin, V. G. Tikhonov, V. G. Tishchenko, and M. T. Shpak, “Generation of a tunable radiation by impurity cholesteric liquid crystals,” JETP Lett. 32, 24–27 (1980).

Versace, C.

Vithana, H. K. M.

Yokoyama, H.

J. Niitsuma, M. Yoneya, and H. Yokoyama, “Contact photolithographic micropatterning for bistable nematic liquid crystal displays,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(24), 241120 (2008).
[Crossref]

Yoneya, M.

J. Niitsuma, M. Yoneya, and H. Yokoyama, “Contact photolithographic micropatterning for bistable nematic liquid crystal displays,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(24), 241120 (2008).
[Crossref]

Yoshida, H.

Y. Inoue, Y. Matsuhisa, H. Yoshida, R. Ozaki, H. Moritake, A. Fujii, and M. Ozaki, “Electric Field Dependence of Lasing Wavelength in Cholesteric Liquid Crystal with an In-Plane Helix Alignment,” Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. (Phila. Pa.) 516, 182–189 (2010).
[Crossref]

C. H. Lee, H. Yoshida, Y. Miura, A. Fujii, and M. Ozaki, “Local liquid crystal alignment on patterned micrograting structures photofabricated by two photon excitation direct laser writing,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 93(17), 173509 (2008).
[Crossref]

Yoshino, K.

R. Ozaki, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, “Defect Mode in One-Dimensional Photonic Crystal with In-Plane Switchable Nematic Liquid Crystal Defect Layer,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 43(No. 11B), L1477–L1479 (2004).
[Crossref]

R. Ozaki, T. Matsui, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, “Electrically color-tunable defect mode lasing in one-dimensional photonic-band-gap system containing liquid crystal,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 82(21), 3593 (2003).
[Crossref]

M. Ozaki, M. Kasano, T. Kitasho, D. Ganzke, W. Haase, and K. Yoshino, “Electro-Tunable Liquid-Crystal Laser,” Adv. Mater. 15(12), 974–977 (2003).
[Crossref]

K. Funamoto, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, “Discontinuous Shift of Lasing Wavelength with Temperature in Cholesteric Liquid Crystal,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 42(Part 2, No. 12B), L1523–L1525 (2003).
[Crossref]

M. Ozaki, M. Kasano, D. Ganzke, W. Haase, and K. Yoshino, “Mirrorless Lasing in a Dye-Doped Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal,” Adv. Mater. 14(4), 306–309 (2002).
[Crossref]

Zhan, Q.

Adv. Mater. (2)

M. Ozaki, M. Kasano, D. Ganzke, W. Haase, and K. Yoshino, “Mirrorless Lasing in a Dye-Doped Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal,” Adv. Mater. 14(4), 306–309 (2002).
[Crossref]

M. Ozaki, M. Kasano, T. Kitasho, D. Ganzke, W. Haase, and K. Yoshino, “Electro-Tunable Liquid-Crystal Laser,” Adv. Mater. 15(12), 974–977 (2003).
[Crossref]

Adv. Opt. Photon. (1)

Appl. Phys. Lett. (4)

R. Ozaki, T. Matsui, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, “Electrically color-tunable defect mode lasing in one-dimensional photonic-band-gap system containing liquid crystal,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 82(21), 3593 (2003).
[Crossref]

S. M. Jeong, N. Y. Ha, F. Araoka, K. Ishikawa, and H. Takezoe, “Electrotunable polarization of surface-emitting distributed feedback laser with nematic liquid crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(17), 171105 (2008).
[Crossref]

C. H. Lee, H. Yoshida, Y. Miura, A. Fujii, and M. Ozaki, “Local liquid crystal alignment on patterned micrograting structures photofabricated by two photon excitation direct laser writing,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 93(17), 173509 (2008).
[Crossref]

J. Niitsuma, M. Yoneya, and H. Yokoyama, “Contact photolithographic micropatterning for bistable nematic liquid crystal displays,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(24), 241120 (2008).
[Crossref]

Chem. Rev. (1)

K. Ichimura, “Photoalignment of Liquid-Crystal Systems,” Chem. Rev. 100(5), 1847–1874 (2000).
[Crossref]

Eur. Phys. J. B (1)

J. Schmidtke and W. Stille, “Fluorescence of a dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystal film in the region of the stop band: theory and experiment,” Eur. Phys. J. B 31(2), 179–194 (2003).
[Crossref]

JETP Lett. (1)

I. P. Il'chishin, V. G. Tikhonov, V. G. Tishchenko, and M. T. Shpak, “Generation of a tunable radiation by impurity cholesteric liquid crystals,” JETP Lett. 32, 24–27 (1980).

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. (2)

R. Ozaki, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, “Defect Mode in One-Dimensional Photonic Crystal with In-Plane Switchable Nematic Liquid Crystal Defect Layer,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 43(No. 11B), L1477–L1479 (2004).
[Crossref]

K. Funamoto, M. Ozaki, and K. Yoshino, “Discontinuous Shift of Lasing Wavelength with Temperature in Cholesteric Liquid Crystal,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 42(Part 2, No. 12B), L1523–L1525 (2003).
[Crossref]

Mater. Today (1)

A. D. Ford, S. M. Morris, and H. J. Coles, “Photonics and lasing in liquid crystals,” Mater. Today 9(7-8), 36–42 (2006).
[Crossref]

Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. (Phila. Pa.) (1)

Y. Inoue, Y. Matsuhisa, H. Yoshida, R. Ozaki, H. Moritake, A. Fujii, and M. Ozaki, “Electric Field Dependence of Lasing Wavelength in Cholesteric Liquid Crystal with an In-Plane Helix Alignment,” Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. (Phila. Pa.) 516, 182–189 (2010).
[Crossref]

Nat. Mater. (1)

W. Cao, A. Muñoz, P. Palffy-Muhoray, and B. Taheri, “Lasing in a three-dimensional photonic crystal of the liquid crystal blue phase II,” Nat. Mater. 1(2), 111–113 (2002).
[Crossref]

Opt. Express (2)

Opt. Lett. (1)

Sov. Phys. JETP (1)

V. S. Letokhov, “Quantum statistics of multiple- mode emission of an atomic ensemble,” Sov. Phys. JETP 26, 1246 (1968).

Other (1)

P. Yeh, and C. Gu, Optics of Liquid Crystal Displays, 2nd ed. (Wiley, 2009).

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Figures (5)

Fig. 1
Fig. 1 Schematic illustration of the proposed cavity structure.

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Fig. 2
Fig. 2 (a) Optical texture of the sample and (b) schematic illustration of the molecular orientation. Four dark brushes are observed as a result of the LC molecules overlapping with the absorption direction of the polarizer or the analyzer.

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3 (a) Transmittance spectra of the sample measured at a position few 10 μms from the center of the texture in Fig. 2(a). Dotted lines are drawn as a guide to emphasize the change in the transmitting mode wavelength depending on the polarization. (b) Applied voltage dependence of the transmittance peak wavelengths appearing in the optical stop-band.

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Fig. 4
Fig. 4 (a) Fluorescence spectra at low and high pump energies and (b) pump energy dependence of the laser emission with no applied voltage, and (c) voltage dependence of the lasing spectrum (intensity normalized to 1 at the lasing wavelength).

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Fig. 5
Fig. 5 Far-field patterns of the output laser beam at (a) 0 V and (b) 1.5V. The direction of the white arrow indicates the transmission axis of the output polarizer. The left-most image was acquired with the polarizer removed.

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Equations (2)

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λ p e a k , m = 2 π ( n def L def + n ˜ B R L B R ) ( m − 1 ) π + n ˜ B R L B R k B .
n e ( θ ) = n e n o n e 2 sin 2 θ + n o 2 cos 2 θ

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