Abstract

We report on efficient actively Q-switched Ho:YAP laser double-pass pumped by a 1.91-μm laser. At room temperature, when the incident pump power was 20.9 W, a maximum average output power of 10.9W at 2118 nm was obtained at the repetition rate of 10 kHz, and this corresponds to a conversion efficiency of 52.2% and a slope efficiency of 63.5%. Moreover, a maximum pulse energy of ~1.1 mJ and a minimum pulse width of 31 ns were achieved, with the peak power of 35.5 kW.

© 2009 Optical Society of America

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  1. P. A. Budni, L. A. Pomeranz, M. L. Lemons, C. A. Miller, J. R. Mosto, and E. P. Chicklis, “Efficient mid-infrared laser using 1.9-μm-pumped Ho:YAG and ZnGeP2 optical parametric oscillators,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B  17, 723–728 (2000).
    [Crossref]
  2. E. Lippert, G. Rustad, G Arisholm, and K. Stenersen, “High power and efficient long wave IR ZnGeP2 parametric oscillator,” Opt. Express 16, 13878–13884, http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-16-l 8-13878.
    [PubMed]
  3. H. Hemmati, “2.07-μm cw diode-laser-pumped Trn,Ho:YLiF4 room-temperature laser,” Opt. Lett.  14, 435–437 (1989).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  4. P. A. Budni, M. G. Knights, E. P. Chicklis, and H. P. Jenssen, “Performance of a diode-pumped high PRF Tm,Ho:YLF laser,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.  28, 1029–1032 (1992).
    [Crossref]
  5. W. He, B. Yao, Y. Ju, and Y. Wang, “Diode-pumped efficient Trn,Ho:GdVO4 laser with near-diffraction limited beam quality,” Opt. Express 14, 11653–11659 (2006), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-14-24-11653. B. Yao, L. Li, L. Zheng, Y. Wang, G Zhao, and J. Xu, “Diode-pumped continuous wave and Q-switched operation of a c-cut Tm,HoYA1O3 laser,” Opt. Express 16, 5075–5081 (2008), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-16-7-5075.
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  6. P. A. Budni, M. L. Lemons, J. R. Mosto, and E. P. Chicklis, “High-power/high-brightness diode-pumped 1.9-μm thulium and resonantly pumped 2.1-μm holmium lasers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.  6, 629–635 (2000).
    [Crossref]
  7. M. Schellhorn, “Performance of a HoYAG thin-disc laser pumped by a diode-pumped 1.9 μm thulium laser,” Appl. Phys. B  85, 549–552 (2006).
    [Crossref]
  8. E. Lippert, S. Nicolas, G. Arisholm, K. Stenersen, and G. Rustad, “Midinfrared laser source with high power and beam quality,” Appl. Opt.  45, 3839–3845 (2006)
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  9. A. Dergachev, D. Armstrong, A. Smith, T. Drake, and M. Dubois, “3.4-μm ZGP RISTRA nanosecond optical parametric oscillator pumped by a 2.05-μm HoYLF MOPA system,” Opt. Express 15, 14404–14413 (2007), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?&uri=oe-15-22-14404.
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  10. D. W. Hart, M. Jani, and N. P. Barnes, “Room-temperature lasing of end-pumped Ho:Lu3Al5O2,” Opt. Lett.  21, 728–730 (1996).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  11. A. A. Kaminskii, “Laser crystals: their physics and properties,” in Springer series in optical sciences14, D. L. MacAdam, ed., (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1981).
  12. B. Yao, X. Duan, L. Zheng, Y. Ju, Y. Wang, G. Zhao, and Q. Dong, “Continuous-wave and Q-switched operation of a resonantly pumped H0YAIO3 laser,” Opt. Express 16, 14668–14674 (2008), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?uri=oe-16-19-14668.
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  13. N. P. Barnes, B. M. Walsh, and E. D. Filer, “Ho:Ho upconversion: applications to Ho lasers,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B  20, 1212–1219 (2003).
    [Crossref]
  14. M. Malinowski, R. Piramidowicz, Z. Frukacz, G. Chadeyron, R. Mahiou, and M. F. Joubert, “Spectroscopy and upconversion processes in YAlO3:Ho3+ crystals,” Opt. Mater.  12, 409–423 (1999).
    [Crossref]
  15. S. R. Bowman and B. J. Feldman, “Demonstration and analysis of a holmium quasi-two level laser,” in Solid State Lasers III, G. J. Quarles ed., Proc. SPIE 1627, 46–54 (1992).
    [Crossref]
  16. A. S. Gouveia-Neto, E. B. da Costa, L. A. Bueno, and S. J. L. Ribeiro, “Intense red upconversion emission in infrared excited holmium-doped PbGeO3-PbF2-CdF2 transparent glass ceramic,” J. Lumin.  110, 79–84 (2004).
    [Crossref]

2008 (1)

2007 (1)

2006 (3)

2004 (1)

A. S. Gouveia-Neto, E. B. da Costa, L. A. Bueno, and S. J. L. Ribeiro, “Intense red upconversion emission in infrared excited holmium-doped PbGeO3-PbF2-CdF2 transparent glass ceramic,” J. Lumin.  110, 79–84 (2004).
[Crossref]

2003 (1)

N. P. Barnes, B. M. Walsh, and E. D. Filer, “Ho:Ho upconversion: applications to Ho lasers,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B  20, 1212–1219 (2003).
[Crossref]

2000 (2)

P. A. Budni, L. A. Pomeranz, M. L. Lemons, C. A. Miller, J. R. Mosto, and E. P. Chicklis, “Efficient mid-infrared laser using 1.9-μm-pumped Ho:YAG and ZnGeP2 optical parametric oscillators,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B  17, 723–728 (2000).
[Crossref]

P. A. Budni, M. L. Lemons, J. R. Mosto, and E. P. Chicklis, “High-power/high-brightness diode-pumped 1.9-μm thulium and resonantly pumped 2.1-μm holmium lasers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.  6, 629–635 (2000).
[Crossref]

1999 (1)

M. Malinowski, R. Piramidowicz, Z. Frukacz, G. Chadeyron, R. Mahiou, and M. F. Joubert, “Spectroscopy and upconversion processes in YAlO3:Ho3+ crystals,” Opt. Mater.  12, 409–423 (1999).
[Crossref]

1996 (1)

D. W. Hart, M. Jani, and N. P. Barnes, “Room-temperature lasing of end-pumped Ho:Lu3Al5O2,” Opt. Lett.  21, 728–730 (1996).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

1992 (2)

S. R. Bowman and B. J. Feldman, “Demonstration and analysis of a holmium quasi-two level laser,” in Solid State Lasers III, G. J. Quarles ed., Proc. SPIE 1627, 46–54 (1992).
[Crossref]

P. A. Budni, M. G. Knights, E. P. Chicklis, and H. P. Jenssen, “Performance of a diode-pumped high PRF Tm,Ho:YLF laser,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.  28, 1029–1032 (1992).
[Crossref]

1989 (1)

H. Hemmati, “2.07-μm cw diode-laser-pumped Trn,Ho:YLiF4 room-temperature laser,” Opt. Lett.  14, 435–437 (1989).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Arisholm, G

Arisholm, G.

E. Lippert, S. Nicolas, G. Arisholm, K. Stenersen, and G. Rustad, “Midinfrared laser source with high power and beam quality,” Appl. Opt.  45, 3839–3845 (2006)
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Armstrong, D.

Barnes, N. P.

N. P. Barnes, B. M. Walsh, and E. D. Filer, “Ho:Ho upconversion: applications to Ho lasers,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B  20, 1212–1219 (2003).
[Crossref]

D. W. Hart, M. Jani, and N. P. Barnes, “Room-temperature lasing of end-pumped Ho:Lu3Al5O2,” Opt. Lett.  21, 728–730 (1996).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Bowman, S. R.

S. R. Bowman and B. J. Feldman, “Demonstration and analysis of a holmium quasi-two level laser,” in Solid State Lasers III, G. J. Quarles ed., Proc. SPIE 1627, 46–54 (1992).
[Crossref]

Budni, P. A.

P. A. Budni, M. L. Lemons, J. R. Mosto, and E. P. Chicklis, “High-power/high-brightness diode-pumped 1.9-μm thulium and resonantly pumped 2.1-μm holmium lasers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.  6, 629–635 (2000).
[Crossref]

P. A. Budni, L. A. Pomeranz, M. L. Lemons, C. A. Miller, J. R. Mosto, and E. P. Chicklis, “Efficient mid-infrared laser using 1.9-μm-pumped Ho:YAG and ZnGeP2 optical parametric oscillators,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B  17, 723–728 (2000).
[Crossref]

P. A. Budni, M. G. Knights, E. P. Chicklis, and H. P. Jenssen, “Performance of a diode-pumped high PRF Tm,Ho:YLF laser,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.  28, 1029–1032 (1992).
[Crossref]

Bueno, L. A.

A. S. Gouveia-Neto, E. B. da Costa, L. A. Bueno, and S. J. L. Ribeiro, “Intense red upconversion emission in infrared excited holmium-doped PbGeO3-PbF2-CdF2 transparent glass ceramic,” J. Lumin.  110, 79–84 (2004).
[Crossref]

Chadeyron, G.

M. Malinowski, R. Piramidowicz, Z. Frukacz, G. Chadeyron, R. Mahiou, and M. F. Joubert, “Spectroscopy and upconversion processes in YAlO3:Ho3+ crystals,” Opt. Mater.  12, 409–423 (1999).
[Crossref]

Chicklis, E. P.

P. A. Budni, L. A. Pomeranz, M. L. Lemons, C. A. Miller, J. R. Mosto, and E. P. Chicklis, “Efficient mid-infrared laser using 1.9-μm-pumped Ho:YAG and ZnGeP2 optical parametric oscillators,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B  17, 723–728 (2000).
[Crossref]

P. A. Budni, M. L. Lemons, J. R. Mosto, and E. P. Chicklis, “High-power/high-brightness diode-pumped 1.9-μm thulium and resonantly pumped 2.1-μm holmium lasers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.  6, 629–635 (2000).
[Crossref]

P. A. Budni, M. G. Knights, E. P. Chicklis, and H. P. Jenssen, “Performance of a diode-pumped high PRF Tm,Ho:YLF laser,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.  28, 1029–1032 (1992).
[Crossref]

da Costa, E. B.

A. S. Gouveia-Neto, E. B. da Costa, L. A. Bueno, and S. J. L. Ribeiro, “Intense red upconversion emission in infrared excited holmium-doped PbGeO3-PbF2-CdF2 transparent glass ceramic,” J. Lumin.  110, 79–84 (2004).
[Crossref]

Dergachev, A.

Dong, Q.

Drake, T.

Duan, X.

Dubois, M.

Feldman, B. J.

S. R. Bowman and B. J. Feldman, “Demonstration and analysis of a holmium quasi-two level laser,” in Solid State Lasers III, G. J. Quarles ed., Proc. SPIE 1627, 46–54 (1992).
[Crossref]

Filer, E. D.

N. P. Barnes, B. M. Walsh, and E. D. Filer, “Ho:Ho upconversion: applications to Ho lasers,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B  20, 1212–1219 (2003).
[Crossref]

Frukacz, Z.

M. Malinowski, R. Piramidowicz, Z. Frukacz, G. Chadeyron, R. Mahiou, and M. F. Joubert, “Spectroscopy and upconversion processes in YAlO3:Ho3+ crystals,” Opt. Mater.  12, 409–423 (1999).
[Crossref]

Gouveia-Neto, A. S.

A. S. Gouveia-Neto, E. B. da Costa, L. A. Bueno, and S. J. L. Ribeiro, “Intense red upconversion emission in infrared excited holmium-doped PbGeO3-PbF2-CdF2 transparent glass ceramic,” J. Lumin.  110, 79–84 (2004).
[Crossref]

Hart, D. W.

D. W. Hart, M. Jani, and N. P. Barnes, “Room-temperature lasing of end-pumped Ho:Lu3Al5O2,” Opt. Lett.  21, 728–730 (1996).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

He, W.

Hemmati, H.

H. Hemmati, “2.07-μm cw diode-laser-pumped Trn,Ho:YLiF4 room-temperature laser,” Opt. Lett.  14, 435–437 (1989).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Jani, M.

D. W. Hart, M. Jani, and N. P. Barnes, “Room-temperature lasing of end-pumped Ho:Lu3Al5O2,” Opt. Lett.  21, 728–730 (1996).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Jenssen, H. P.

P. A. Budni, M. G. Knights, E. P. Chicklis, and H. P. Jenssen, “Performance of a diode-pumped high PRF Tm,Ho:YLF laser,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.  28, 1029–1032 (1992).
[Crossref]

Joubert, M. F.

M. Malinowski, R. Piramidowicz, Z. Frukacz, G. Chadeyron, R. Mahiou, and M. F. Joubert, “Spectroscopy and upconversion processes in YAlO3:Ho3+ crystals,” Opt. Mater.  12, 409–423 (1999).
[Crossref]

Ju, Y.

Kaminskii, A. A.

A. A. Kaminskii, “Laser crystals: their physics and properties,” in Springer series in optical sciences14, D. L. MacAdam, ed., (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1981).

Knights, M. G.

P. A. Budni, M. G. Knights, E. P. Chicklis, and H. P. Jenssen, “Performance of a diode-pumped high PRF Tm,Ho:YLF laser,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.  28, 1029–1032 (1992).
[Crossref]

Lemons, M. L.

P. A. Budni, L. A. Pomeranz, M. L. Lemons, C. A. Miller, J. R. Mosto, and E. P. Chicklis, “Efficient mid-infrared laser using 1.9-μm-pumped Ho:YAG and ZnGeP2 optical parametric oscillators,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B  17, 723–728 (2000).
[Crossref]

P. A. Budni, M. L. Lemons, J. R. Mosto, and E. P. Chicklis, “High-power/high-brightness diode-pumped 1.9-μm thulium and resonantly pumped 2.1-μm holmium lasers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.  6, 629–635 (2000).
[Crossref]

Li, L.

Lippert, E.

E. Lippert, S. Nicolas, G. Arisholm, K. Stenersen, and G. Rustad, “Midinfrared laser source with high power and beam quality,” Appl. Opt.  45, 3839–3845 (2006)
[Crossref] [PubMed]

E. Lippert, G. Rustad, G Arisholm, and K. Stenersen, “High power and efficient long wave IR ZnGeP2 parametric oscillator,” Opt. Express 16, 13878–13884, http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-16-l 8-13878.
[PubMed]

Mahiou, R.

M. Malinowski, R. Piramidowicz, Z. Frukacz, G. Chadeyron, R. Mahiou, and M. F. Joubert, “Spectroscopy and upconversion processes in YAlO3:Ho3+ crystals,” Opt. Mater.  12, 409–423 (1999).
[Crossref]

Malinowski, M.

M. Malinowski, R. Piramidowicz, Z. Frukacz, G. Chadeyron, R. Mahiou, and M. F. Joubert, “Spectroscopy and upconversion processes in YAlO3:Ho3+ crystals,” Opt. Mater.  12, 409–423 (1999).
[Crossref]

Miller, C. A.

P. A. Budni, L. A. Pomeranz, M. L. Lemons, C. A. Miller, J. R. Mosto, and E. P. Chicklis, “Efficient mid-infrared laser using 1.9-μm-pumped Ho:YAG and ZnGeP2 optical parametric oscillators,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B  17, 723–728 (2000).
[Crossref]

Mosto, J. R.

P. A. Budni, L. A. Pomeranz, M. L. Lemons, C. A. Miller, J. R. Mosto, and E. P. Chicklis, “Efficient mid-infrared laser using 1.9-μm-pumped Ho:YAG and ZnGeP2 optical parametric oscillators,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B  17, 723–728 (2000).
[Crossref]

P. A. Budni, M. L. Lemons, J. R. Mosto, and E. P. Chicklis, “High-power/high-brightness diode-pumped 1.9-μm thulium and resonantly pumped 2.1-μm holmium lasers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.  6, 629–635 (2000).
[Crossref]

Nicolas, S.

E. Lippert, S. Nicolas, G. Arisholm, K. Stenersen, and G. Rustad, “Midinfrared laser source with high power and beam quality,” Appl. Opt.  45, 3839–3845 (2006)
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Piramidowicz, R.

M. Malinowski, R. Piramidowicz, Z. Frukacz, G. Chadeyron, R. Mahiou, and M. F. Joubert, “Spectroscopy and upconversion processes in YAlO3:Ho3+ crystals,” Opt. Mater.  12, 409–423 (1999).
[Crossref]

Pomeranz, L. A.

P. A. Budni, L. A. Pomeranz, M. L. Lemons, C. A. Miller, J. R. Mosto, and E. P. Chicklis, “Efficient mid-infrared laser using 1.9-μm-pumped Ho:YAG and ZnGeP2 optical parametric oscillators,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B  17, 723–728 (2000).
[Crossref]

Ribeiro, S. J. L.

A. S. Gouveia-Neto, E. B. da Costa, L. A. Bueno, and S. J. L. Ribeiro, “Intense red upconversion emission in infrared excited holmium-doped PbGeO3-PbF2-CdF2 transparent glass ceramic,” J. Lumin.  110, 79–84 (2004).
[Crossref]

Rustad, G.

E. Lippert, S. Nicolas, G. Arisholm, K. Stenersen, and G. Rustad, “Midinfrared laser source with high power and beam quality,” Appl. Opt.  45, 3839–3845 (2006)
[Crossref] [PubMed]

E. Lippert, G. Rustad, G Arisholm, and K. Stenersen, “High power and efficient long wave IR ZnGeP2 parametric oscillator,” Opt. Express 16, 13878–13884, http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-16-l 8-13878.
[PubMed]

Schellhorn, M.

M. Schellhorn, “Performance of a HoYAG thin-disc laser pumped by a diode-pumped 1.9 μm thulium laser,” Appl. Phys. B  85, 549–552 (2006).
[Crossref]

Smith, A.

Stenersen, K.

E. Lippert, S. Nicolas, G. Arisholm, K. Stenersen, and G. Rustad, “Midinfrared laser source with high power and beam quality,” Appl. Opt.  45, 3839–3845 (2006)
[Crossref] [PubMed]

E. Lippert, G. Rustad, G Arisholm, and K. Stenersen, “High power and efficient long wave IR ZnGeP2 parametric oscillator,” Opt. Express 16, 13878–13884, http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-16-l 8-13878.
[PubMed]

Walsh, B. M.

N. P. Barnes, B. M. Walsh, and E. D. Filer, “Ho:Ho upconversion: applications to Ho lasers,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B  20, 1212–1219 (2003).
[Crossref]

Wang, Y.

Xu, J.

Yao, B.

Zhao, G

Zhao, G.

Zheng, L.

Appl. Opt (1)

E. Lippert, S. Nicolas, G. Arisholm, K. Stenersen, and G. Rustad, “Midinfrared laser source with high power and beam quality,” Appl. Opt.  45, 3839–3845 (2006)
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Appl. Phys (1)

M. Schellhorn, “Performance of a HoYAG thin-disc laser pumped by a diode-pumped 1.9 μm thulium laser,” Appl. Phys. B  85, 549–552 (2006).
[Crossref]

IEEE J. Quantum Electron (1)

P. A. Budni, M. G. Knights, E. P. Chicklis, and H. P. Jenssen, “Performance of a diode-pumped high PRF Tm,Ho:YLF laser,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.  28, 1029–1032 (1992).
[Crossref]

IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron (1)

P. A. Budni, M. L. Lemons, J. R. Mosto, and E. P. Chicklis, “High-power/high-brightness diode-pumped 1.9-μm thulium and resonantly pumped 2.1-μm holmium lasers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.  6, 629–635 (2000).
[Crossref]

J. Lumin (1)

A. S. Gouveia-Neto, E. B. da Costa, L. A. Bueno, and S. J. L. Ribeiro, “Intense red upconversion emission in infrared excited holmium-doped PbGeO3-PbF2-CdF2 transparent glass ceramic,” J. Lumin.  110, 79–84 (2004).
[Crossref]

J. Opt. Soc. Am (2)

N. P. Barnes, B. M. Walsh, and E. D. Filer, “Ho:Ho upconversion: applications to Ho lasers,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B  20, 1212–1219 (2003).
[Crossref]

P. A. Budni, L. A. Pomeranz, M. L. Lemons, C. A. Miller, J. R. Mosto, and E. P. Chicklis, “Efficient mid-infrared laser using 1.9-μm-pumped Ho:YAG and ZnGeP2 optical parametric oscillators,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B  17, 723–728 (2000).
[Crossref]

Opt. Express (4)

Opt. Lett (2)

D. W. Hart, M. Jani, and N. P. Barnes, “Room-temperature lasing of end-pumped Ho:Lu3Al5O2,” Opt. Lett.  21, 728–730 (1996).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

H. Hemmati, “2.07-μm cw diode-laser-pumped Trn,Ho:YLiF4 room-temperature laser,” Opt. Lett.  14, 435–437 (1989).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Opt. Mater (1)

M. Malinowski, R. Piramidowicz, Z. Frukacz, G. Chadeyron, R. Mahiou, and M. F. Joubert, “Spectroscopy and upconversion processes in YAlO3:Ho3+ crystals,” Opt. Mater.  12, 409–423 (1999).
[Crossref]

Proc. SPIE (1)

S. R. Bowman and B. J. Feldman, “Demonstration and analysis of a holmium quasi-two level laser,” in Solid State Lasers III, G. J. Quarles ed., Proc. SPIE 1627, 46–54 (1992).
[Crossref]

Other (1)

A. A. Kaminskii, “Laser crystals: their physics and properties,” in Springer series in optical sciences14, D. L. MacAdam, ed., (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1981).

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Figures (7)

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.

Experimental setup of the Ho:YAP laser at room temperature

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.

The CW and 10 kHz repetition rate output power of Ho:YAP laser

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.

Output spectrum of Ho:YAP laser at T=52%. Inset, energy levels schematic of Ho:YAP

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4.

Upconversion spectrum of Ho:YAP crystal at room temperature

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Fig. 5.
Fig. 5.

Pulse width versus incident pump power at repetition rate of 10 kHz

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Fig. 6.
Fig. 6.

Pulse profile of minimum pulse width at 10 kHz

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Fig. 7.
Fig. 7.

Average output power of Ho:YAP laser as a function of temperature of crystal-holder. P in, incident pump power.

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