Abstract

A novel hybrid surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate based on Au nanoparticles decorated inverse opal (IO) photonic crystal (PhC) is presented. In addition to the enhancement contributed from Au nanoparticles, a desired Raman signal can be selectively further enhanced by appropriately overlapping the center of photonic bandgap of the IO PhC with the wavelength of the Raman signal. Furthermore, the lattice structure of the IO PhC provides excellent control of the distribution of Au nanoparticles to produce SERS spectra with high uniformity. The new design of SERS substrate provides extra maneuverability for ultra-high sensitivity sensor applications.

©2009 Optical Society of America

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  1. M. Fleischmann, P. J. Hendra, and A. J. McQuillan, “Raman spectra of pyridine adsorbed at a silver electrode,” Chem. Phys. Lett. 26(2), 163–166 ( 1974).
    [Crossref]
  2. G. C. Schatz, M. A. Young, and R. P. Van Duyne, “Electromagnetic mechanism of SERS,” in Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering: Physics and Applications (2006), pp. 19–45.
  3. S. Chan, S. Kwon, T.-W. Koo, L. P. Lee, and A. Berlin, “Surface-enhanced Raman scattering of small molecules from silver-coated silicon nanopores,” Adv. Mater. 15(19), 1595–1598 ( 2003).
    [Crossref]
  4. H.-H. Wang, C.-Y. Liu, S.-B. Wu, N.-W. Liu, C.-Y. Peng, T.-H. Chan, C.-F. Hsu, J.-K. Wang, and Y.-L. Wang, “Highly Raman-enhancing substrates based on silver nanoparticle arrays with tunable sub-10 nm gaps,” Adv. Mater. 18(4), 491–495 ( 2006).
    [Crossref]
  5. L.-Y. Chen, J.-S. Yu, T. Fujita, and M.-W. Chen, “Nanoporous copper with tunable nanoporosity for SERS applications,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 19(8), 1221–1226 ( 2009).
    [Crossref]
  6. C. R. Yonzon, D. A. Stuart, X. Zhang, A. D. McFarland, C. L. Haynes, and R. P. Van Duyne, “Towards advanced chemical and biological nanosensors-An overview,” Talanta 67(3), 438–448 ( 2005).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  7. L. A. Dick, A. D. McFarland, C. L. Haynes, and R. P. V. Duyne, “Metal film over nanosphere (MFON) electrodes for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS): Improvements in surface nanostructure stability and suppression of irreversible loss,” J. Phys. Chem. B 106(4), 853–860 ( 2002).
    [Crossref]
  8. S. Kubo, Z.-Z. Gu, D. A. Tryk, Y. Ohko, O. Sato, and A. Fujishima, “Metal-coated colloidal crystal films as surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrate,” Langmuir 18(13), 5043–5046 ( 2002).
    [Crossref]
  9. L. Lu, I. Randjelovic, R. Capek, N. Gaponik, J. Yang, H. Zhang, and A. Eychmüller, “Controlled fabrication of gold-coated 3D ordered colloidal crystal films and their application in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy,” Chem. Mater. 17(23), 5731–5736 ( 2005).
    [Crossref]
  10. Y. Djaoued, S. Badilescu, S. Balaji, N. Seirafianpour, A.-R. Hajiaboli, R. Banan Sadeghian, K. Braedley, R. Brüning, M. Kahrizi, and V.-V. Truong, “Micro-Raman spectroscopy study of colloidal crystal films of polystyrene-gold composites,” Appl. Spectrosc. 61(11), 1202–1210 ( 2007).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  11. P. M. Tessier, O. D. Velev, A. T. Kalambur, J. F. Rabolt, A. M. Lenhoff, and E. W. Kaler, “Assembly of gold nanostructured films templated by colloidal crystals and use in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy,” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 122(39), 9554–9555 ( 2000).
    [Crossref]
  12. L. Lu, A. Eychmüller, A. Kobayashi, Y. Hirano, K. Yoshida, Y. Kikkawa, K. Tawa, and Y. Ozaki, “Designed fabrication of ordered porous au/ag nanostructured films for surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates,” Langmuir 22(6), 2605–2609 ( 2006).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  13. D. M. Kuncicky, B. G. Prevo, and O. D. Velev, “Controlled assembly of SERS substrates templated by colloidal crystal films,” J. Mater. Chem. 16(13), 1207–1211 ( 2006).
    [Crossref]
  14. E. Yablonovitch, “Inhibited spontaneous emission in solid-state physics and electronics,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 58(20), 2059–2062 ( 1987).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  15. S. John, “Strong localization of photons in certain disordered dielectric superlattices,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 58(23), 2486–2489 ( 1987).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  16. C. López, “Materials Aspects of photonic crystals,” Adv. Mater. 15(20), 1679–1704 ( 2003).
    [Crossref]
  17. H. Míguez, F. Meseguer, C. López, A. Blanco, J. S. Moya, J. Requena, A. Mifsud, and V. Fornés, “Control of the photonic crystal properties of fcc packed submicron SiO2 spheres by sintering,” Adv. Mater. 10(6), 480–483 ( 1998).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  18. A. Kocabas, G. Ertas, S. S. Senlik, and A. Aydinli, “Plasmonic band gap structures for surface-enhanced Raman scattering,” Opt. Express 16(17), 12469–12477 ( 2008).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  19. J. J. Baumberg, T. A. Kelf, Y. Sugawara, S. Cintra, M. E. Abdelsalam, P. N. Bartlett, and A. E. Russell, “Angle-resolved surface-enhanced Raman scattering on metallic nanostructured plasmonic crystals,” Nano Lett. 5(11), 2262–2267 ( 2005).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  20. N. M. B. Perney, J. J. Baumberg, M. E. Zoorob, M. D. B. Charlton, S. Mahnkopf, and C. M. Netti, “Tuning localized plasmons in nanostructured substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering,” Opt. Express 14(2), 847–857 ( 2006).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  21. N. M. B. Perney, F. J. Garcí de Abajo, J. J. Baumberg, A. Tang, M. C. Netti, M. D. B. Charlton, and M. E. Zoorob, “Tuning localized plasmon cavities for optimized surface-enhanced Raman scattering,” Phys. Rev. B 76(3), 035426 ( 2007).
    [Crossref]
  22. J. Wang, S. Ahl, Q. Li, M. Kreiter, T. Neumann, K. Burkert, W. Knoll, and U. Jonas, “Structural and optical characterization of 3D binary colloidal crystal and inverse opal films prepared by direct co-deposition,” J. Mater. Chem. 18(9), 981–988 ( 2008).
    [Crossref]
  23. C. Y. Wu, N. D. Lai, and C. C. Hsu, “Rapidly self-assembling three-dimensional opal photonic crystals,” J. Korean. Phys. Soc. 52(5), 1585–1588 ( 2008).
    [Crossref]
  24. K. Kwon, K. Y. Lee, Y. W. Lee, M. Kim, J. Heo, S. J. Ahn, and S. W. Han, “Controlled synthesis of icosahedral gold nanoparticles and their surface-enhanced Raman scattering property,” J. Phys. Chem. C 111(3), 1161–1165 ( 2007).
    [Crossref]

2009 (1)

L.-Y. Chen, J.-S. Yu, T. Fujita, and M.-W. Chen, “Nanoporous copper with tunable nanoporosity for SERS applications,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 19(8), 1221–1226 ( 2009).
[Crossref]

2008 (3)

A. Kocabas, G. Ertas, S. S. Senlik, and A. Aydinli, “Plasmonic band gap structures for surface-enhanced Raman scattering,” Opt. Express 16(17), 12469–12477 ( 2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Wang, S. Ahl, Q. Li, M. Kreiter, T. Neumann, K. Burkert, W. Knoll, and U. Jonas, “Structural and optical characterization of 3D binary colloidal crystal and inverse opal films prepared by direct co-deposition,” J. Mater. Chem. 18(9), 981–988 ( 2008).
[Crossref]

C. Y. Wu, N. D. Lai, and C. C. Hsu, “Rapidly self-assembling three-dimensional opal photonic crystals,” J. Korean. Phys. Soc. 52(5), 1585–1588 ( 2008).
[Crossref]

2007 (3)

K. Kwon, K. Y. Lee, Y. W. Lee, M. Kim, J. Heo, S. J. Ahn, and S. W. Han, “Controlled synthesis of icosahedral gold nanoparticles and their surface-enhanced Raman scattering property,” J. Phys. Chem. C 111(3), 1161–1165 ( 2007).
[Crossref]

N. M. B. Perney, F. J. Garcí de Abajo, J. J. Baumberg, A. Tang, M. C. Netti, M. D. B. Charlton, and M. E. Zoorob, “Tuning localized plasmon cavities for optimized surface-enhanced Raman scattering,” Phys. Rev. B 76(3), 035426 ( 2007).
[Crossref]

Y. Djaoued, S. Badilescu, S. Balaji, N. Seirafianpour, A.-R. Hajiaboli, R. Banan Sadeghian, K. Braedley, R. Brüning, M. Kahrizi, and V.-V. Truong, “Micro-Raman spectroscopy study of colloidal crystal films of polystyrene-gold composites,” Appl. Spectrosc. 61(11), 1202–1210 ( 2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2006 (4)

L. Lu, A. Eychmüller, A. Kobayashi, Y. Hirano, K. Yoshida, Y. Kikkawa, K. Tawa, and Y. Ozaki, “Designed fabrication of ordered porous au/ag nanostructured films for surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates,” Langmuir 22(6), 2605–2609 ( 2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. M. Kuncicky, B. G. Prevo, and O. D. Velev, “Controlled assembly of SERS substrates templated by colloidal crystal films,” J. Mater. Chem. 16(13), 1207–1211 ( 2006).
[Crossref]

H.-H. Wang, C.-Y. Liu, S.-B. Wu, N.-W. Liu, C.-Y. Peng, T.-H. Chan, C.-F. Hsu, J.-K. Wang, and Y.-L. Wang, “Highly Raman-enhancing substrates based on silver nanoparticle arrays with tunable sub-10 nm gaps,” Adv. Mater. 18(4), 491–495 ( 2006).
[Crossref]

N. M. B. Perney, J. J. Baumberg, M. E. Zoorob, M. D. B. Charlton, S. Mahnkopf, and C. M. Netti, “Tuning localized plasmons in nanostructured substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering,” Opt. Express 14(2), 847–857 ( 2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2005 (3)

J. J. Baumberg, T. A. Kelf, Y. Sugawara, S. Cintra, M. E. Abdelsalam, P. N. Bartlett, and A. E. Russell, “Angle-resolved surface-enhanced Raman scattering on metallic nanostructured plasmonic crystals,” Nano Lett. 5(11), 2262–2267 ( 2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

L. Lu, I. Randjelovic, R. Capek, N. Gaponik, J. Yang, H. Zhang, and A. Eychmüller, “Controlled fabrication of gold-coated 3D ordered colloidal crystal films and their application in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy,” Chem. Mater. 17(23), 5731–5736 ( 2005).
[Crossref]

C. R. Yonzon, D. A. Stuart, X. Zhang, A. D. McFarland, C. L. Haynes, and R. P. Van Duyne, “Towards advanced chemical and biological nanosensors-An overview,” Talanta 67(3), 438–448 ( 2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2003 (2)

S. Chan, S. Kwon, T.-W. Koo, L. P. Lee, and A. Berlin, “Surface-enhanced Raman scattering of small molecules from silver-coated silicon nanopores,” Adv. Mater. 15(19), 1595–1598 ( 2003).
[Crossref]

C. López, “Materials Aspects of photonic crystals,” Adv. Mater. 15(20), 1679–1704 ( 2003).
[Crossref]

2002 (2)

L. A. Dick, A. D. McFarland, C. L. Haynes, and R. P. V. Duyne, “Metal film over nanosphere (MFON) electrodes for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS): Improvements in surface nanostructure stability and suppression of irreversible loss,” J. Phys. Chem. B 106(4), 853–860 ( 2002).
[Crossref]

S. Kubo, Z.-Z. Gu, D. A. Tryk, Y. Ohko, O. Sato, and A. Fujishima, “Metal-coated colloidal crystal films as surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrate,” Langmuir 18(13), 5043–5046 ( 2002).
[Crossref]

2000 (1)

P. M. Tessier, O. D. Velev, A. T. Kalambur, J. F. Rabolt, A. M. Lenhoff, and E. W. Kaler, “Assembly of gold nanostructured films templated by colloidal crystals and use in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy,” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 122(39), 9554–9555 ( 2000).
[Crossref]

1998 (1)

H. Míguez, F. Meseguer, C. López, A. Blanco, J. S. Moya, J. Requena, A. Mifsud, and V. Fornés, “Control of the photonic crystal properties of fcc packed submicron SiO2 spheres by sintering,” Adv. Mater. 10(6), 480–483 ( 1998).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

1987 (2)

E. Yablonovitch, “Inhibited spontaneous emission in solid-state physics and electronics,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 58(20), 2059–2062 ( 1987).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. John, “Strong localization of photons in certain disordered dielectric superlattices,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 58(23), 2486–2489 ( 1987).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

1974 (1)

M. Fleischmann, P. J. Hendra, and A. J. McQuillan, “Raman spectra of pyridine adsorbed at a silver electrode,” Chem. Phys. Lett. 26(2), 163–166 ( 1974).
[Crossref]

Abdelsalam, M. E.

J. J. Baumberg, T. A. Kelf, Y. Sugawara, S. Cintra, M. E. Abdelsalam, P. N. Bartlett, and A. E. Russell, “Angle-resolved surface-enhanced Raman scattering on metallic nanostructured plasmonic crystals,” Nano Lett. 5(11), 2262–2267 ( 2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Ahl, S.

J. Wang, S. Ahl, Q. Li, M. Kreiter, T. Neumann, K. Burkert, W. Knoll, and U. Jonas, “Structural and optical characterization of 3D binary colloidal crystal and inverse opal films prepared by direct co-deposition,” J. Mater. Chem. 18(9), 981–988 ( 2008).
[Crossref]

Ahn, S. J.

K. Kwon, K. Y. Lee, Y. W. Lee, M. Kim, J. Heo, S. J. Ahn, and S. W. Han, “Controlled synthesis of icosahedral gold nanoparticles and their surface-enhanced Raman scattering property,” J. Phys. Chem. C 111(3), 1161–1165 ( 2007).
[Crossref]

Aydinli, A.

Badilescu, S.

Balaji, S.

Banan Sadeghian, R.

Bartlett, P. N.

J. J. Baumberg, T. A. Kelf, Y. Sugawara, S. Cintra, M. E. Abdelsalam, P. N. Bartlett, and A. E. Russell, “Angle-resolved surface-enhanced Raman scattering on metallic nanostructured plasmonic crystals,” Nano Lett. 5(11), 2262–2267 ( 2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Baumberg, J. J.

N. M. B. Perney, F. J. Garcí de Abajo, J. J. Baumberg, A. Tang, M. C. Netti, M. D. B. Charlton, and M. E. Zoorob, “Tuning localized plasmon cavities for optimized surface-enhanced Raman scattering,” Phys. Rev. B 76(3), 035426 ( 2007).
[Crossref]

N. M. B. Perney, J. J. Baumberg, M. E. Zoorob, M. D. B. Charlton, S. Mahnkopf, and C. M. Netti, “Tuning localized plasmons in nanostructured substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering,” Opt. Express 14(2), 847–857 ( 2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. J. Baumberg, T. A. Kelf, Y. Sugawara, S. Cintra, M. E. Abdelsalam, P. N. Bartlett, and A. E. Russell, “Angle-resolved surface-enhanced Raman scattering on metallic nanostructured plasmonic crystals,” Nano Lett. 5(11), 2262–2267 ( 2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Berlin, A.

S. Chan, S. Kwon, T.-W. Koo, L. P. Lee, and A. Berlin, “Surface-enhanced Raman scattering of small molecules from silver-coated silicon nanopores,” Adv. Mater. 15(19), 1595–1598 ( 2003).
[Crossref]

Blanco, A.

H. Míguez, F. Meseguer, C. López, A. Blanco, J. S. Moya, J. Requena, A. Mifsud, and V. Fornés, “Control of the photonic crystal properties of fcc packed submicron SiO2 spheres by sintering,” Adv. Mater. 10(6), 480–483 ( 1998).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Braedley, K.

Brüning, R.

Burkert, K.

J. Wang, S. Ahl, Q. Li, M. Kreiter, T. Neumann, K. Burkert, W. Knoll, and U. Jonas, “Structural and optical characterization of 3D binary colloidal crystal and inverse opal films prepared by direct co-deposition,” J. Mater. Chem. 18(9), 981–988 ( 2008).
[Crossref]

Capek, R.

L. Lu, I. Randjelovic, R. Capek, N. Gaponik, J. Yang, H. Zhang, and A. Eychmüller, “Controlled fabrication of gold-coated 3D ordered colloidal crystal films and their application in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy,” Chem. Mater. 17(23), 5731–5736 ( 2005).
[Crossref]

Chan, S.

S. Chan, S. Kwon, T.-W. Koo, L. P. Lee, and A. Berlin, “Surface-enhanced Raman scattering of small molecules from silver-coated silicon nanopores,” Adv. Mater. 15(19), 1595–1598 ( 2003).
[Crossref]

Chan, T.-H.

H.-H. Wang, C.-Y. Liu, S.-B. Wu, N.-W. Liu, C.-Y. Peng, T.-H. Chan, C.-F. Hsu, J.-K. Wang, and Y.-L. Wang, “Highly Raman-enhancing substrates based on silver nanoparticle arrays with tunable sub-10 nm gaps,” Adv. Mater. 18(4), 491–495 ( 2006).
[Crossref]

Charlton, M. D. B.

N. M. B. Perney, F. J. Garcí de Abajo, J. J. Baumberg, A. Tang, M. C. Netti, M. D. B. Charlton, and M. E. Zoorob, “Tuning localized plasmon cavities for optimized surface-enhanced Raman scattering,” Phys. Rev. B 76(3), 035426 ( 2007).
[Crossref]

N. M. B. Perney, J. J. Baumberg, M. E. Zoorob, M. D. B. Charlton, S. Mahnkopf, and C. M. Netti, “Tuning localized plasmons in nanostructured substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering,” Opt. Express 14(2), 847–857 ( 2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Chen, L.-Y.

L.-Y. Chen, J.-S. Yu, T. Fujita, and M.-W. Chen, “Nanoporous copper with tunable nanoporosity for SERS applications,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 19(8), 1221–1226 ( 2009).
[Crossref]

Chen, M.-W.

L.-Y. Chen, J.-S. Yu, T. Fujita, and M.-W. Chen, “Nanoporous copper with tunable nanoporosity for SERS applications,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 19(8), 1221–1226 ( 2009).
[Crossref]

Cintra, S.

J. J. Baumberg, T. A. Kelf, Y. Sugawara, S. Cintra, M. E. Abdelsalam, P. N. Bartlett, and A. E. Russell, “Angle-resolved surface-enhanced Raman scattering on metallic nanostructured plasmonic crystals,” Nano Lett. 5(11), 2262–2267 ( 2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Dick, L. A.

L. A. Dick, A. D. McFarland, C. L. Haynes, and R. P. V. Duyne, “Metal film over nanosphere (MFON) electrodes for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS): Improvements in surface nanostructure stability and suppression of irreversible loss,” J. Phys. Chem. B 106(4), 853–860 ( 2002).
[Crossref]

Djaoued, Y.

Duyne, R. P. V.

L. A. Dick, A. D. McFarland, C. L. Haynes, and R. P. V. Duyne, “Metal film over nanosphere (MFON) electrodes for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS): Improvements in surface nanostructure stability and suppression of irreversible loss,” J. Phys. Chem. B 106(4), 853–860 ( 2002).
[Crossref]

Ertas, G.

Eychmüller, A.

L. Lu, A. Eychmüller, A. Kobayashi, Y. Hirano, K. Yoshida, Y. Kikkawa, K. Tawa, and Y. Ozaki, “Designed fabrication of ordered porous au/ag nanostructured films for surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates,” Langmuir 22(6), 2605–2609 ( 2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

L. Lu, I. Randjelovic, R. Capek, N. Gaponik, J. Yang, H. Zhang, and A. Eychmüller, “Controlled fabrication of gold-coated 3D ordered colloidal crystal films and their application in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy,” Chem. Mater. 17(23), 5731–5736 ( 2005).
[Crossref]

Fleischmann, M.

M. Fleischmann, P. J. Hendra, and A. J. McQuillan, “Raman spectra of pyridine adsorbed at a silver electrode,” Chem. Phys. Lett. 26(2), 163–166 ( 1974).
[Crossref]

Fornés, V.

H. Míguez, F. Meseguer, C. López, A. Blanco, J. S. Moya, J. Requena, A. Mifsud, and V. Fornés, “Control of the photonic crystal properties of fcc packed submicron SiO2 spheres by sintering,” Adv. Mater. 10(6), 480–483 ( 1998).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Fujishima, A.

S. Kubo, Z.-Z. Gu, D. A. Tryk, Y. Ohko, O. Sato, and A. Fujishima, “Metal-coated colloidal crystal films as surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrate,” Langmuir 18(13), 5043–5046 ( 2002).
[Crossref]

Fujita, T.

L.-Y. Chen, J.-S. Yu, T. Fujita, and M.-W. Chen, “Nanoporous copper with tunable nanoporosity for SERS applications,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 19(8), 1221–1226 ( 2009).
[Crossref]

Gaponik, N.

L. Lu, I. Randjelovic, R. Capek, N. Gaponik, J. Yang, H. Zhang, and A. Eychmüller, “Controlled fabrication of gold-coated 3D ordered colloidal crystal films and their application in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy,” Chem. Mater. 17(23), 5731–5736 ( 2005).
[Crossref]

Garcí de Abajo, F. J.

N. M. B. Perney, F. J. Garcí de Abajo, J. J. Baumberg, A. Tang, M. C. Netti, M. D. B. Charlton, and M. E. Zoorob, “Tuning localized plasmon cavities for optimized surface-enhanced Raman scattering,” Phys. Rev. B 76(3), 035426 ( 2007).
[Crossref]

Gu, Z.-Z.

S. Kubo, Z.-Z. Gu, D. A. Tryk, Y. Ohko, O. Sato, and A. Fujishima, “Metal-coated colloidal crystal films as surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrate,” Langmuir 18(13), 5043–5046 ( 2002).
[Crossref]

Hajiaboli, A.-R.

Han, S. W.

K. Kwon, K. Y. Lee, Y. W. Lee, M. Kim, J. Heo, S. J. Ahn, and S. W. Han, “Controlled synthesis of icosahedral gold nanoparticles and their surface-enhanced Raman scattering property,” J. Phys. Chem. C 111(3), 1161–1165 ( 2007).
[Crossref]

Haynes, C. L.

C. R. Yonzon, D. A. Stuart, X. Zhang, A. D. McFarland, C. L. Haynes, and R. P. Van Duyne, “Towards advanced chemical and biological nanosensors-An overview,” Talanta 67(3), 438–448 ( 2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

L. A. Dick, A. D. McFarland, C. L. Haynes, and R. P. V. Duyne, “Metal film over nanosphere (MFON) electrodes for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS): Improvements in surface nanostructure stability and suppression of irreversible loss,” J. Phys. Chem. B 106(4), 853–860 ( 2002).
[Crossref]

Hendra, P. J.

M. Fleischmann, P. J. Hendra, and A. J. McQuillan, “Raman spectra of pyridine adsorbed at a silver electrode,” Chem. Phys. Lett. 26(2), 163–166 ( 1974).
[Crossref]

Heo, J.

K. Kwon, K. Y. Lee, Y. W. Lee, M. Kim, J. Heo, S. J. Ahn, and S. W. Han, “Controlled synthesis of icosahedral gold nanoparticles and their surface-enhanced Raman scattering property,” J. Phys. Chem. C 111(3), 1161–1165 ( 2007).
[Crossref]

Hirano, Y.

L. Lu, A. Eychmüller, A. Kobayashi, Y. Hirano, K. Yoshida, Y. Kikkawa, K. Tawa, and Y. Ozaki, “Designed fabrication of ordered porous au/ag nanostructured films for surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates,” Langmuir 22(6), 2605–2609 ( 2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Hsu, C. C.

C. Y. Wu, N. D. Lai, and C. C. Hsu, “Rapidly self-assembling three-dimensional opal photonic crystals,” J. Korean. Phys. Soc. 52(5), 1585–1588 ( 2008).
[Crossref]

Hsu, C.-F.

H.-H. Wang, C.-Y. Liu, S.-B. Wu, N.-W. Liu, C.-Y. Peng, T.-H. Chan, C.-F. Hsu, J.-K. Wang, and Y.-L. Wang, “Highly Raman-enhancing substrates based on silver nanoparticle arrays with tunable sub-10 nm gaps,” Adv. Mater. 18(4), 491–495 ( 2006).
[Crossref]

John, S.

S. John, “Strong localization of photons in certain disordered dielectric superlattices,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 58(23), 2486–2489 ( 1987).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Jonas, U.

J. Wang, S. Ahl, Q. Li, M. Kreiter, T. Neumann, K. Burkert, W. Knoll, and U. Jonas, “Structural and optical characterization of 3D binary colloidal crystal and inverse opal films prepared by direct co-deposition,” J. Mater. Chem. 18(9), 981–988 ( 2008).
[Crossref]

Kahrizi, M.

Kalambur, A. T.

P. M. Tessier, O. D. Velev, A. T. Kalambur, J. F. Rabolt, A. M. Lenhoff, and E. W. Kaler, “Assembly of gold nanostructured films templated by colloidal crystals and use in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy,” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 122(39), 9554–9555 ( 2000).
[Crossref]

Kaler, E. W.

P. M. Tessier, O. D. Velev, A. T. Kalambur, J. F. Rabolt, A. M. Lenhoff, and E. W. Kaler, “Assembly of gold nanostructured films templated by colloidal crystals and use in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy,” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 122(39), 9554–9555 ( 2000).
[Crossref]

Kelf, T. A.

J. J. Baumberg, T. A. Kelf, Y. Sugawara, S. Cintra, M. E. Abdelsalam, P. N. Bartlett, and A. E. Russell, “Angle-resolved surface-enhanced Raman scattering on metallic nanostructured plasmonic crystals,” Nano Lett. 5(11), 2262–2267 ( 2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Kikkawa, Y.

L. Lu, A. Eychmüller, A. Kobayashi, Y. Hirano, K. Yoshida, Y. Kikkawa, K. Tawa, and Y. Ozaki, “Designed fabrication of ordered porous au/ag nanostructured films for surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates,” Langmuir 22(6), 2605–2609 ( 2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Kim, M.

K. Kwon, K. Y. Lee, Y. W. Lee, M. Kim, J. Heo, S. J. Ahn, and S. W. Han, “Controlled synthesis of icosahedral gold nanoparticles and their surface-enhanced Raman scattering property,” J. Phys. Chem. C 111(3), 1161–1165 ( 2007).
[Crossref]

Knoll, W.

J. Wang, S. Ahl, Q. Li, M. Kreiter, T. Neumann, K. Burkert, W. Knoll, and U. Jonas, “Structural and optical characterization of 3D binary colloidal crystal and inverse opal films prepared by direct co-deposition,” J. Mater. Chem. 18(9), 981–988 ( 2008).
[Crossref]

Kobayashi, A.

L. Lu, A. Eychmüller, A. Kobayashi, Y. Hirano, K. Yoshida, Y. Kikkawa, K. Tawa, and Y. Ozaki, “Designed fabrication of ordered porous au/ag nanostructured films for surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates,” Langmuir 22(6), 2605–2609 ( 2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Kocabas, A.

Koo, T.-W.

S. Chan, S. Kwon, T.-W. Koo, L. P. Lee, and A. Berlin, “Surface-enhanced Raman scattering of small molecules from silver-coated silicon nanopores,” Adv. Mater. 15(19), 1595–1598 ( 2003).
[Crossref]

Kreiter, M.

J. Wang, S. Ahl, Q. Li, M. Kreiter, T. Neumann, K. Burkert, W. Knoll, and U. Jonas, “Structural and optical characterization of 3D binary colloidal crystal and inverse opal films prepared by direct co-deposition,” J. Mater. Chem. 18(9), 981–988 ( 2008).
[Crossref]

Kubo, S.

S. Kubo, Z.-Z. Gu, D. A. Tryk, Y. Ohko, O. Sato, and A. Fujishima, “Metal-coated colloidal crystal films as surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrate,” Langmuir 18(13), 5043–5046 ( 2002).
[Crossref]

Kuncicky, D. M.

D. M. Kuncicky, B. G. Prevo, and O. D. Velev, “Controlled assembly of SERS substrates templated by colloidal crystal films,” J. Mater. Chem. 16(13), 1207–1211 ( 2006).
[Crossref]

Kwon, K.

K. Kwon, K. Y. Lee, Y. W. Lee, M. Kim, J. Heo, S. J. Ahn, and S. W. Han, “Controlled synthesis of icosahedral gold nanoparticles and their surface-enhanced Raman scattering property,” J. Phys. Chem. C 111(3), 1161–1165 ( 2007).
[Crossref]

Kwon, S.

S. Chan, S. Kwon, T.-W. Koo, L. P. Lee, and A. Berlin, “Surface-enhanced Raman scattering of small molecules from silver-coated silicon nanopores,” Adv. Mater. 15(19), 1595–1598 ( 2003).
[Crossref]

Lai, N. D.

C. Y. Wu, N. D. Lai, and C. C. Hsu, “Rapidly self-assembling three-dimensional opal photonic crystals,” J. Korean. Phys. Soc. 52(5), 1585–1588 ( 2008).
[Crossref]

Lee, K. Y.

K. Kwon, K. Y. Lee, Y. W. Lee, M. Kim, J. Heo, S. J. Ahn, and S. W. Han, “Controlled synthesis of icosahedral gold nanoparticles and their surface-enhanced Raman scattering property,” J. Phys. Chem. C 111(3), 1161–1165 ( 2007).
[Crossref]

Lee, L. P.

S. Chan, S. Kwon, T.-W. Koo, L. P. Lee, and A. Berlin, “Surface-enhanced Raman scattering of small molecules from silver-coated silicon nanopores,” Adv. Mater. 15(19), 1595–1598 ( 2003).
[Crossref]

Lee, Y. W.

K. Kwon, K. Y. Lee, Y. W. Lee, M. Kim, J. Heo, S. J. Ahn, and S. W. Han, “Controlled synthesis of icosahedral gold nanoparticles and their surface-enhanced Raman scattering property,” J. Phys. Chem. C 111(3), 1161–1165 ( 2007).
[Crossref]

Lenhoff, A. M.

P. M. Tessier, O. D. Velev, A. T. Kalambur, J. F. Rabolt, A. M. Lenhoff, and E. W. Kaler, “Assembly of gold nanostructured films templated by colloidal crystals and use in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy,” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 122(39), 9554–9555 ( 2000).
[Crossref]

Li, Q.

J. Wang, S. Ahl, Q. Li, M. Kreiter, T. Neumann, K. Burkert, W. Knoll, and U. Jonas, “Structural and optical characterization of 3D binary colloidal crystal and inverse opal films prepared by direct co-deposition,” J. Mater. Chem. 18(9), 981–988 ( 2008).
[Crossref]

Liu, C.-Y.

H.-H. Wang, C.-Y. Liu, S.-B. Wu, N.-W. Liu, C.-Y. Peng, T.-H. Chan, C.-F. Hsu, J.-K. Wang, and Y.-L. Wang, “Highly Raman-enhancing substrates based on silver nanoparticle arrays with tunable sub-10 nm gaps,” Adv. Mater. 18(4), 491–495 ( 2006).
[Crossref]

Liu, N.-W.

H.-H. Wang, C.-Y. Liu, S.-B. Wu, N.-W. Liu, C.-Y. Peng, T.-H. Chan, C.-F. Hsu, J.-K. Wang, and Y.-L. Wang, “Highly Raman-enhancing substrates based on silver nanoparticle arrays with tunable sub-10 nm gaps,” Adv. Mater. 18(4), 491–495 ( 2006).
[Crossref]

López, C.

C. López, “Materials Aspects of photonic crystals,” Adv. Mater. 15(20), 1679–1704 ( 2003).
[Crossref]

H. Míguez, F. Meseguer, C. López, A. Blanco, J. S. Moya, J. Requena, A. Mifsud, and V. Fornés, “Control of the photonic crystal properties of fcc packed submicron SiO2 spheres by sintering,” Adv. Mater. 10(6), 480–483 ( 1998).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Lu, L.

L. Lu, A. Eychmüller, A. Kobayashi, Y. Hirano, K. Yoshida, Y. Kikkawa, K. Tawa, and Y. Ozaki, “Designed fabrication of ordered porous au/ag nanostructured films for surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates,” Langmuir 22(6), 2605–2609 ( 2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

L. Lu, I. Randjelovic, R. Capek, N. Gaponik, J. Yang, H. Zhang, and A. Eychmüller, “Controlled fabrication of gold-coated 3D ordered colloidal crystal films and their application in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy,” Chem. Mater. 17(23), 5731–5736 ( 2005).
[Crossref]

Mahnkopf, S.

McFarland, A. D.

C. R. Yonzon, D. A. Stuart, X. Zhang, A. D. McFarland, C. L. Haynes, and R. P. Van Duyne, “Towards advanced chemical and biological nanosensors-An overview,” Talanta 67(3), 438–448 ( 2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

L. A. Dick, A. D. McFarland, C. L. Haynes, and R. P. V. Duyne, “Metal film over nanosphere (MFON) electrodes for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS): Improvements in surface nanostructure stability and suppression of irreversible loss,” J. Phys. Chem. B 106(4), 853–860 ( 2002).
[Crossref]

McQuillan, A. J.

M. Fleischmann, P. J. Hendra, and A. J. McQuillan, “Raman spectra of pyridine adsorbed at a silver electrode,” Chem. Phys. Lett. 26(2), 163–166 ( 1974).
[Crossref]

Meseguer, F.

H. Míguez, F. Meseguer, C. López, A. Blanco, J. S. Moya, J. Requena, A. Mifsud, and V. Fornés, “Control of the photonic crystal properties of fcc packed submicron SiO2 spheres by sintering,” Adv. Mater. 10(6), 480–483 ( 1998).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Mifsud, A.

H. Míguez, F. Meseguer, C. López, A. Blanco, J. S. Moya, J. Requena, A. Mifsud, and V. Fornés, “Control of the photonic crystal properties of fcc packed submicron SiO2 spheres by sintering,” Adv. Mater. 10(6), 480–483 ( 1998).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Míguez, H.

H. Míguez, F. Meseguer, C. López, A. Blanco, J. S. Moya, J. Requena, A. Mifsud, and V. Fornés, “Control of the photonic crystal properties of fcc packed submicron SiO2 spheres by sintering,” Adv. Mater. 10(6), 480–483 ( 1998).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Moya, J. S.

H. Míguez, F. Meseguer, C. López, A. Blanco, J. S. Moya, J. Requena, A. Mifsud, and V. Fornés, “Control of the photonic crystal properties of fcc packed submicron SiO2 spheres by sintering,” Adv. Mater. 10(6), 480–483 ( 1998).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Netti, C. M.

Netti, M. C.

N. M. B. Perney, F. J. Garcí de Abajo, J. J. Baumberg, A. Tang, M. C. Netti, M. D. B. Charlton, and M. E. Zoorob, “Tuning localized plasmon cavities for optimized surface-enhanced Raman scattering,” Phys. Rev. B 76(3), 035426 ( 2007).
[Crossref]

Neumann, T.

J. Wang, S. Ahl, Q. Li, M. Kreiter, T. Neumann, K. Burkert, W. Knoll, and U. Jonas, “Structural and optical characterization of 3D binary colloidal crystal and inverse opal films prepared by direct co-deposition,” J. Mater. Chem. 18(9), 981–988 ( 2008).
[Crossref]

Ohko, Y.

S. Kubo, Z.-Z. Gu, D. A. Tryk, Y. Ohko, O. Sato, and A. Fujishima, “Metal-coated colloidal crystal films as surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrate,” Langmuir 18(13), 5043–5046 ( 2002).
[Crossref]

Ozaki, Y.

L. Lu, A. Eychmüller, A. Kobayashi, Y. Hirano, K. Yoshida, Y. Kikkawa, K. Tawa, and Y. Ozaki, “Designed fabrication of ordered porous au/ag nanostructured films for surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates,” Langmuir 22(6), 2605–2609 ( 2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Peng, C.-Y.

H.-H. Wang, C.-Y. Liu, S.-B. Wu, N.-W. Liu, C.-Y. Peng, T.-H. Chan, C.-F. Hsu, J.-K. Wang, and Y.-L. Wang, “Highly Raman-enhancing substrates based on silver nanoparticle arrays with tunable sub-10 nm gaps,” Adv. Mater. 18(4), 491–495 ( 2006).
[Crossref]

Perney, N. M. B.

N. M. B. Perney, F. J. Garcí de Abajo, J. J. Baumberg, A. Tang, M. C. Netti, M. D. B. Charlton, and M. E. Zoorob, “Tuning localized plasmon cavities for optimized surface-enhanced Raman scattering,” Phys. Rev. B 76(3), 035426 ( 2007).
[Crossref]

N. M. B. Perney, J. J. Baumberg, M. E. Zoorob, M. D. B. Charlton, S. Mahnkopf, and C. M. Netti, “Tuning localized plasmons in nanostructured substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering,” Opt. Express 14(2), 847–857 ( 2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Prevo, B. G.

D. M. Kuncicky, B. G. Prevo, and O. D. Velev, “Controlled assembly of SERS substrates templated by colloidal crystal films,” J. Mater. Chem. 16(13), 1207–1211 ( 2006).
[Crossref]

Rabolt, J. F.

P. M. Tessier, O. D. Velev, A. T. Kalambur, J. F. Rabolt, A. M. Lenhoff, and E. W. Kaler, “Assembly of gold nanostructured films templated by colloidal crystals and use in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy,” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 122(39), 9554–9555 ( 2000).
[Crossref]

Randjelovic, I.

L. Lu, I. Randjelovic, R. Capek, N. Gaponik, J. Yang, H. Zhang, and A. Eychmüller, “Controlled fabrication of gold-coated 3D ordered colloidal crystal films and their application in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy,” Chem. Mater. 17(23), 5731–5736 ( 2005).
[Crossref]

Requena, J.

H. Míguez, F. Meseguer, C. López, A. Blanco, J. S. Moya, J. Requena, A. Mifsud, and V. Fornés, “Control of the photonic crystal properties of fcc packed submicron SiO2 spheres by sintering,” Adv. Mater. 10(6), 480–483 ( 1998).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Russell, A. E.

J. J. Baumberg, T. A. Kelf, Y. Sugawara, S. Cintra, M. E. Abdelsalam, P. N. Bartlett, and A. E. Russell, “Angle-resolved surface-enhanced Raman scattering on metallic nanostructured plasmonic crystals,” Nano Lett. 5(11), 2262–2267 ( 2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Sato, O.

S. Kubo, Z.-Z. Gu, D. A. Tryk, Y. Ohko, O. Sato, and A. Fujishima, “Metal-coated colloidal crystal films as surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrate,” Langmuir 18(13), 5043–5046 ( 2002).
[Crossref]

Seirafianpour, N.

Senlik, S. S.

Stuart, D. A.

C. R. Yonzon, D. A. Stuart, X. Zhang, A. D. McFarland, C. L. Haynes, and R. P. Van Duyne, “Towards advanced chemical and biological nanosensors-An overview,” Talanta 67(3), 438–448 ( 2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Sugawara, Y.

J. J. Baumberg, T. A. Kelf, Y. Sugawara, S. Cintra, M. E. Abdelsalam, P. N. Bartlett, and A. E. Russell, “Angle-resolved surface-enhanced Raman scattering on metallic nanostructured plasmonic crystals,” Nano Lett. 5(11), 2262–2267 ( 2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Tang, A.

N. M. B. Perney, F. J. Garcí de Abajo, J. J. Baumberg, A. Tang, M. C. Netti, M. D. B. Charlton, and M. E. Zoorob, “Tuning localized plasmon cavities for optimized surface-enhanced Raman scattering,” Phys. Rev. B 76(3), 035426 ( 2007).
[Crossref]

Tawa, K.

L. Lu, A. Eychmüller, A. Kobayashi, Y. Hirano, K. Yoshida, Y. Kikkawa, K. Tawa, and Y. Ozaki, “Designed fabrication of ordered porous au/ag nanostructured films for surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates,” Langmuir 22(6), 2605–2609 ( 2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Tessier, P. M.

P. M. Tessier, O. D. Velev, A. T. Kalambur, J. F. Rabolt, A. M. Lenhoff, and E. W. Kaler, “Assembly of gold nanostructured films templated by colloidal crystals and use in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy,” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 122(39), 9554–9555 ( 2000).
[Crossref]

Truong, V.-V.

Tryk, D. A.

S. Kubo, Z.-Z. Gu, D. A. Tryk, Y. Ohko, O. Sato, and A. Fujishima, “Metal-coated colloidal crystal films as surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrate,” Langmuir 18(13), 5043–5046 ( 2002).
[Crossref]

Van Duyne, R. P.

C. R. Yonzon, D. A. Stuart, X. Zhang, A. D. McFarland, C. L. Haynes, and R. P. Van Duyne, “Towards advanced chemical and biological nanosensors-An overview,” Talanta 67(3), 438–448 ( 2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Velev, O. D.

D. M. Kuncicky, B. G. Prevo, and O. D. Velev, “Controlled assembly of SERS substrates templated by colloidal crystal films,” J. Mater. Chem. 16(13), 1207–1211 ( 2006).
[Crossref]

P. M. Tessier, O. D. Velev, A. T. Kalambur, J. F. Rabolt, A. M. Lenhoff, and E. W. Kaler, “Assembly of gold nanostructured films templated by colloidal crystals and use in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy,” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 122(39), 9554–9555 ( 2000).
[Crossref]

Wang, H.-H.

H.-H. Wang, C.-Y. Liu, S.-B. Wu, N.-W. Liu, C.-Y. Peng, T.-H. Chan, C.-F. Hsu, J.-K. Wang, and Y.-L. Wang, “Highly Raman-enhancing substrates based on silver nanoparticle arrays with tunable sub-10 nm gaps,” Adv. Mater. 18(4), 491–495 ( 2006).
[Crossref]

Wang, J.

J. Wang, S. Ahl, Q. Li, M. Kreiter, T. Neumann, K. Burkert, W. Knoll, and U. Jonas, “Structural and optical characterization of 3D binary colloidal crystal and inverse opal films prepared by direct co-deposition,” J. Mater. Chem. 18(9), 981–988 ( 2008).
[Crossref]

Wang, J.-K.

H.-H. Wang, C.-Y. Liu, S.-B. Wu, N.-W. Liu, C.-Y. Peng, T.-H. Chan, C.-F. Hsu, J.-K. Wang, and Y.-L. Wang, “Highly Raman-enhancing substrates based on silver nanoparticle arrays with tunable sub-10 nm gaps,” Adv. Mater. 18(4), 491–495 ( 2006).
[Crossref]

Wang, Y.-L.

H.-H. Wang, C.-Y. Liu, S.-B. Wu, N.-W. Liu, C.-Y. Peng, T.-H. Chan, C.-F. Hsu, J.-K. Wang, and Y.-L. Wang, “Highly Raman-enhancing substrates based on silver nanoparticle arrays with tunable sub-10 nm gaps,” Adv. Mater. 18(4), 491–495 ( 2006).
[Crossref]

Wu, C. Y.

C. Y. Wu, N. D. Lai, and C. C. Hsu, “Rapidly self-assembling three-dimensional opal photonic crystals,” J. Korean. Phys. Soc. 52(5), 1585–1588 ( 2008).
[Crossref]

Wu, S.-B.

H.-H. Wang, C.-Y. Liu, S.-B. Wu, N.-W. Liu, C.-Y. Peng, T.-H. Chan, C.-F. Hsu, J.-K. Wang, and Y.-L. Wang, “Highly Raman-enhancing substrates based on silver nanoparticle arrays with tunable sub-10 nm gaps,” Adv. Mater. 18(4), 491–495 ( 2006).
[Crossref]

Yablonovitch, E.

E. Yablonovitch, “Inhibited spontaneous emission in solid-state physics and electronics,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 58(20), 2059–2062 ( 1987).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Yang, J.

L. Lu, I. Randjelovic, R. Capek, N. Gaponik, J. Yang, H. Zhang, and A. Eychmüller, “Controlled fabrication of gold-coated 3D ordered colloidal crystal films and their application in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy,” Chem. Mater. 17(23), 5731–5736 ( 2005).
[Crossref]

Yonzon, C. R.

C. R. Yonzon, D. A. Stuart, X. Zhang, A. D. McFarland, C. L. Haynes, and R. P. Van Duyne, “Towards advanced chemical and biological nanosensors-An overview,” Talanta 67(3), 438–448 ( 2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Yoshida, K.

L. Lu, A. Eychmüller, A. Kobayashi, Y. Hirano, K. Yoshida, Y. Kikkawa, K. Tawa, and Y. Ozaki, “Designed fabrication of ordered porous au/ag nanostructured films for surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates,” Langmuir 22(6), 2605–2609 ( 2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Yu, J.-S.

L.-Y. Chen, J.-S. Yu, T. Fujita, and M.-W. Chen, “Nanoporous copper with tunable nanoporosity for SERS applications,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 19(8), 1221–1226 ( 2009).
[Crossref]

Zhang, H.

L. Lu, I. Randjelovic, R. Capek, N. Gaponik, J. Yang, H. Zhang, and A. Eychmüller, “Controlled fabrication of gold-coated 3D ordered colloidal crystal films and their application in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy,” Chem. Mater. 17(23), 5731–5736 ( 2005).
[Crossref]

Zhang, X.

C. R. Yonzon, D. A. Stuart, X. Zhang, A. D. McFarland, C. L. Haynes, and R. P. Van Duyne, “Towards advanced chemical and biological nanosensors-An overview,” Talanta 67(3), 438–448 ( 2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Zoorob, M. E.

N. M. B. Perney, F. J. Garcí de Abajo, J. J. Baumberg, A. Tang, M. C. Netti, M. D. B. Charlton, and M. E. Zoorob, “Tuning localized plasmon cavities for optimized surface-enhanced Raman scattering,” Phys. Rev. B 76(3), 035426 ( 2007).
[Crossref]

N. M. B. Perney, J. J. Baumberg, M. E. Zoorob, M. D. B. Charlton, S. Mahnkopf, and C. M. Netti, “Tuning localized plasmons in nanostructured substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering,” Opt. Express 14(2), 847–857 ( 2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Adv. Funct. Mater. (1)

L.-Y. Chen, J.-S. Yu, T. Fujita, and M.-W. Chen, “Nanoporous copper with tunable nanoporosity for SERS applications,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 19(8), 1221–1226 ( 2009).
[Crossref]

Adv. Mater. (4)

S. Chan, S. Kwon, T.-W. Koo, L. P. Lee, and A. Berlin, “Surface-enhanced Raman scattering of small molecules from silver-coated silicon nanopores,” Adv. Mater. 15(19), 1595–1598 ( 2003).
[Crossref]

H.-H. Wang, C.-Y. Liu, S.-B. Wu, N.-W. Liu, C.-Y. Peng, T.-H. Chan, C.-F. Hsu, J.-K. Wang, and Y.-L. Wang, “Highly Raman-enhancing substrates based on silver nanoparticle arrays with tunable sub-10 nm gaps,” Adv. Mater. 18(4), 491–495 ( 2006).
[Crossref]

C. López, “Materials Aspects of photonic crystals,” Adv. Mater. 15(20), 1679–1704 ( 2003).
[Crossref]

H. Míguez, F. Meseguer, C. López, A. Blanco, J. S. Moya, J. Requena, A. Mifsud, and V. Fornés, “Control of the photonic crystal properties of fcc packed submicron SiO2 spheres by sintering,” Adv. Mater. 10(6), 480–483 ( 1998).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Appl. Spectrosc. (1)

Chem. Mater. (1)

L. Lu, I. Randjelovic, R. Capek, N. Gaponik, J. Yang, H. Zhang, and A. Eychmüller, “Controlled fabrication of gold-coated 3D ordered colloidal crystal films and their application in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy,” Chem. Mater. 17(23), 5731–5736 ( 2005).
[Crossref]

Chem. Phys. Lett. (1)

M. Fleischmann, P. J. Hendra, and A. J. McQuillan, “Raman spectra of pyridine adsorbed at a silver electrode,” Chem. Phys. Lett. 26(2), 163–166 ( 1974).
[Crossref]

J. Am. Chem. Soc. (1)

P. M. Tessier, O. D. Velev, A. T. Kalambur, J. F. Rabolt, A. M. Lenhoff, and E. W. Kaler, “Assembly of gold nanostructured films templated by colloidal crystals and use in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy,” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 122(39), 9554–9555 ( 2000).
[Crossref]

J. Korean. Phys. Soc. (1)

C. Y. Wu, N. D. Lai, and C. C. Hsu, “Rapidly self-assembling three-dimensional opal photonic crystals,” J. Korean. Phys. Soc. 52(5), 1585–1588 ( 2008).
[Crossref]

J. Mater. Chem. (2)

J. Wang, S. Ahl, Q. Li, M. Kreiter, T. Neumann, K. Burkert, W. Knoll, and U. Jonas, “Structural and optical characterization of 3D binary colloidal crystal and inverse opal films prepared by direct co-deposition,” J. Mater. Chem. 18(9), 981–988 ( 2008).
[Crossref]

D. M. Kuncicky, B. G. Prevo, and O. D. Velev, “Controlled assembly of SERS substrates templated by colloidal crystal films,” J. Mater. Chem. 16(13), 1207–1211 ( 2006).
[Crossref]

J. Phys. Chem. B (1)

L. A. Dick, A. D. McFarland, C. L. Haynes, and R. P. V. Duyne, “Metal film over nanosphere (MFON) electrodes for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS): Improvements in surface nanostructure stability and suppression of irreversible loss,” J. Phys. Chem. B 106(4), 853–860 ( 2002).
[Crossref]

J. Phys. Chem. C (1)

K. Kwon, K. Y. Lee, Y. W. Lee, M. Kim, J. Heo, S. J. Ahn, and S. W. Han, “Controlled synthesis of icosahedral gold nanoparticles and their surface-enhanced Raman scattering property,” J. Phys. Chem. C 111(3), 1161–1165 ( 2007).
[Crossref]

Langmuir (2)

S. Kubo, Z.-Z. Gu, D. A. Tryk, Y. Ohko, O. Sato, and A. Fujishima, “Metal-coated colloidal crystal films as surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrate,” Langmuir 18(13), 5043–5046 ( 2002).
[Crossref]

L. Lu, A. Eychmüller, A. Kobayashi, Y. Hirano, K. Yoshida, Y. Kikkawa, K. Tawa, and Y. Ozaki, “Designed fabrication of ordered porous au/ag nanostructured films for surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates,” Langmuir 22(6), 2605–2609 ( 2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Nano Lett. (1)

J. J. Baumberg, T. A. Kelf, Y. Sugawara, S. Cintra, M. E. Abdelsalam, P. N. Bartlett, and A. E. Russell, “Angle-resolved surface-enhanced Raman scattering on metallic nanostructured plasmonic crystals,” Nano Lett. 5(11), 2262–2267 ( 2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Opt. Express (2)

Phys. Rev. B (1)

N. M. B. Perney, F. J. Garcí de Abajo, J. J. Baumberg, A. Tang, M. C. Netti, M. D. B. Charlton, and M. E. Zoorob, “Tuning localized plasmon cavities for optimized surface-enhanced Raman scattering,” Phys. Rev. B 76(3), 035426 ( 2007).
[Crossref]

Phys. Rev. Lett. (2)

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[Crossref] [PubMed]

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Talanta (1)

C. R. Yonzon, D. A. Stuart, X. Zhang, A. D. McFarland, C. L. Haynes, and R. P. Van Duyne, “Towards advanced chemical and biological nanosensors-An overview,” Talanta 67(3), 438–448 ( 2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Other (1)

G. C. Schatz, M. A. Young, and R. P. Van Duyne, “Electromagnetic mechanism of SERS,” in Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering: Physics and Applications (2006), pp. 19–45.

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Figures (5)

Fig. 1
Fig. 1 The chemical modification process of gold nanoparticles on SU-8 IO templates.

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Fig. 2
Fig. 2 The FESEM images of Au nanoparticles on (A) flat SU-8 surface with number density σ = 93 μm−2, (B) IO substrate SU-8 IO-II (Λ = 317 nm) with σ = 315 μm−2, and (C) IO substrate IO-III (Λ = 337 nm) σ = 365 μm−2. (D) The number density of Au nanoparticle on substrate IO-II as a function of ultrasonification time in last step of the chemical process.

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3 The reflection spectra of SU-8 IO SERS substrates at normal incidence. The vertical dashed lines indicate the wavelength of the incident light (633nm) and those of three peaks in the Raman spectra shown in Fig. 4(a), whose wave number shifts are as labeled.

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Fig. 4
Fig. 4 (A) Raman spectra from (I): gold thin film (thickness = 32 nm) on a glass substrate, (II): a flat SU-8 surface decorated with Au nanoparticles (σ = 524 μm−2), and SU-8 IO SERS substrates with different lattice constants; (IO-I): (Λ = 307 nm, σ = 560 μm−2), (IO-II): (Λ = 317 nm, σ = 534 μm−2), (IO-III): (Λ = 337 nm, σ = 582 μm−2), (IO-IV): (Λ = 366 nm, σ = 594 μm−2), (IO-V): (Λ = 395 nm, σ = 584 μm−2). The inset shows the chemical structure of 4-NBT. (B) The SERS peak intensities at 1334 cm−1 as a function of σ for substrate II and the five SU-8 IO substrates. (C) and (D) show the block chart of SERS integrated peak area intensities comparison at 722, 852 and 1334 cm−1 from the same IO substrates in (A).

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Fig. 5
Fig. 5 (A) and (B) show the spectra of 4-NBT probe molecules on the IO-IV sample (σ = 501 μm−2) and on the sample II (σ = 98 μm−2), respectively.

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