Solid-core tellurite glass fiber for infrared and nonlinear applications

Aoxiang Lin; Aidong Zhang; Elizabeth J. Bushong; Jean Toulouse

doi:10.1364/OE.17.016716

Solid-core tellurite glass fiber for infrared and nonlinear applications

Aoxiang Lin, Aidong Zhang, Elizabeth J. Bushong, and Jean Toulouse

Optics Express
Vol. 17,
Issue 19,
pp. 16716-16721
(2009)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.17.016716

Get Citation
Copy Citation Text
Aoxiang Lin, Aidong Zhang, Elizabeth J. Bushong, and Jean Toulouse, "Solid-core tellurite glass fiber for infrared and nonlinear applications," Opt. Express 17, 16716-16721 (2009)

Export Citation
- BibTex
- Endnote (RIS)
- HTML
- Plain Text
Get PDF (305 KB)
Set citation alerts
Save article

Related Topics
Table of Contents Category
- Fiber Optics and Optical Communications
Optics & Photonics Topics
?

The topics in this list come from the OSA Optics and Photonics Topics applied to this article.
Previously assigned OCIS codes
- Fiber design and fabrication (060.2280)
- Nonlinear optics, fibers (190.4370)

About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: July 14, 2009
- Revised Manuscript: August 26, 2009
- Manuscript Accepted: September 2, 2009
- Published: September 3, 2009

Accessible

Open Access

Abstract

By optimizing glass composition and using a multistage dehydration process, a ternary 80TeO₂-10ZnO-10Na₂O glass is obtained that shows excellent transparency in the wavelength range from 0.38 µm up to 6.10 µm. Based on this optimized composition, we report on the fabrication of a single-mode solid-core tellurite glass fiber with large mode area of 103 µm² and low loss of 0.24~0.7 dB/m at 1550 nm. By using the continuous-wave self-phase modulation method, the non-resonant nonlinear refractive index n ₂ and the effective nonlinear parameter γ of this made tellurite glass fiber were estimated to be 3.8×10^-19 m²/W and 10.6 W^-1·km^-1 at 1550 nm, respectively.

Full Article | PDF Article

References

View by:
Article Order
|
Year
|
Author
|
Publication

T. M. Monro and H. Ebendorff-Heidepriem, “Progress in microstructured optical fibers,” Annu. Rev. Mater. Res. 36, 467 (2006).
[Crossref]
R. F. Alencar, M. A. R. C. Souza, J. M. Hickmann, R. Kobayashi, and L. R. P. Kassab, “Femtosecond nonlinear optical properties of tellurite glasses,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 171917 (2006).
[Crossref]
J. S. Wang, E. M. Vogel, and E. Snitzer, “Tellurite glass: a new candidate for fiber devices,” Opt. Mat. 3, 187 (1994).
[Crossref]
X. Feng, W. H. Loh, J. C. Flanagan, A. Camerlingo, S. Dasgupta, P. Petropoulos, P. Horak, K. E. Frampton, N. M. White, J. H. V. Price, H. N. Rutt, and D. J. Richardson, “Single-mode tellurite glass holey fiber with extremely large mode area for infrared nonlinear applications,” Opt. Express 16, 13651 (2008). http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-16-18-13651
[Crossref] [PubMed]
M. D. O’Donnell, K. Richardson, R. Stolen, A. B. Seddon, D. Furniss, V. K. Tikhomirov, C. Rivero, M. Ramme, R. Stegeman, G. Stegeman, M. Couzi, and T. Cardinal, “Tellurite and fluorptellurite glasses for fiberoptic raman amplifiers: Glass characterization, optical properties, Raman gain, preliminary, fiberization, and fiber characterization,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 90, 1448 (2007).
[Crossref]
N. Syam Prasad, J. Wang, R. K. Pattnaik, H. Jain, and J. Toulouse, “Preform fabrication and drawing of KNbO3 modified tellurite glass fibers,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352, 519 (2006).
[Crossref]
J. Wang, S Prasad, K. Kiang, R. K. Pattnaik, J. Toulouse, and H. Jain, “Source of optical loss in tellurite glass fiber,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352, 510 (2006).
[Crossref]
A. Zhang, A. Lin, J. S. Wang, and J. Toulouse, “Multistage etching methodology for surface treatment of tellurite glasses,” J. Non-Crystal. Solids, (Submitted in April, 2009).
Y. Ohishi, S. Sakaguchi, and S. Takahashi, “Transmission loss characteristics of fluoride glass single-mode fiber,” Electron. Lett. 22, 1034 (1986).
[Crossref]
D. C. Tran, C. F. Fisher, and G. H. Sigel, “Fluoride glass preforms prepared by a rotational casting process,” Electron. Lett. 18, 657 (1982).
[Crossref]
A. Lin, P. R. Watekar, G. Sun, Y. Chung, and W. -T. Han, “Pb2+/Al3+ codoped germano-silicate optical fiber with high non-resonant third-order nonlinearity,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 354, 3907 (2008).
[Crossref]
A. Lin, B. H. Kim, D. S. Moon, Y. Chung, and W. -T. Han, “Cu2+-doped germano-silicate fiber with high resonant nonlinearity,” Opt. Express 15, 3665 (2007). http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-15-7-3665
[Crossref] [PubMed]
A. Boskovic, S. V. Chernikov, J. R. Taylor, L. Gruner-Nielsen, and O. A. Levring, “Direct continuous wave measurement of n2 in various types of telecommunication fiber at 1.55µm,” Opt. Lett. 21, 1966 (1996). http://www.opticsinfobase.org/ol/abstract.cfm?URI=ol-21-24-1966
[Crossref] [PubMed]
K. Nakajima, T. Omae, and M. Ohashi, “Conditions for measuring nonlinear refractive index n2 of various single-mode fibers using cw-SPM method,” IEEE Proc. Optoelectron. 148, 209 (2001).
[Crossref]
J. S. Wang, D. P. Machewirth, F. Wu, and E. Snitzer, “Neodymium-doped tellurite single-mode fiber laser,” Opt. Lett. 19, 1448 (1994). http://www.opticsinfobase.org/ol/abstract.cfm?URI=ol-19-18-1448
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2008 (2)

X. Feng, W. H. Loh, J. C. Flanagan, A. Camerlingo, S. Dasgupta, P. Petropoulos, P. Horak, K. E. Frampton, N. M. White, J. H. V. Price, H. N. Rutt, and D. J. Richardson, “Single-mode tellurite glass holey fiber with extremely large mode area for infrared nonlinear applications,” Opt. Express 16, 13651 (2008). http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-16-18-13651
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. Lin, P. R. Watekar, G. Sun, Y. Chung, and W. -T. Han, “Pb2+/Al3+ codoped germano-silicate optical fiber with high non-resonant third-order nonlinearity,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 354, 3907 (2008).
[Crossref]

2007 (2)

A. Lin, B. H. Kim, D. S. Moon, Y. Chung, and W. -T. Han, “Cu2+-doped germano-silicate fiber with high resonant nonlinearity,” Opt. Express 15, 3665 (2007). http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-15-7-3665
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. D. O’Donnell, K. Richardson, R. Stolen, A. B. Seddon, D. Furniss, V. K. Tikhomirov, C. Rivero, M. Ramme, R. Stegeman, G. Stegeman, M. Couzi, and T. Cardinal, “Tellurite and fluorptellurite glasses for fiberoptic raman amplifiers: Glass characterization, optical properties, Raman gain, preliminary, fiberization, and fiber characterization,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 90, 1448 (2007).
[Crossref]

2006 (4)

N. Syam Prasad, J. Wang, R. K. Pattnaik, H. Jain, and J. Toulouse, “Preform fabrication and drawing of KNbO3 modified tellurite glass fibers,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352, 519 (2006).
[Crossref]

J. Wang, S Prasad, K. Kiang, R. K. Pattnaik, J. Toulouse, and H. Jain, “Source of optical loss in tellurite glass fiber,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352, 510 (2006).
[Crossref]

T. M. Monro and H. Ebendorff-Heidepriem, “Progress in microstructured optical fibers,” Annu. Rev. Mater. Res. 36, 467 (2006).
[Crossref]

R. F. Alencar, M. A. R. C. Souza, J. M. Hickmann, R. Kobayashi, and L. R. P. Kassab, “Femtosecond nonlinear optical properties of tellurite glasses,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 171917 (2006).
[Crossref]

2001 (1)

K. Nakajima, T. Omae, and M. Ohashi, “Conditions for measuring nonlinear refractive index n2 of various single-mode fibers using cw-SPM method,” IEEE Proc. Optoelectron. 148, 209 (2001).
[Crossref]

1996 (1)

A. Boskovic, S. V. Chernikov, J. R. Taylor, L. Gruner-Nielsen, and O. A. Levring, “Direct continuous wave measurement of n2 in various types of telecommunication fiber at 1.55µm,” Opt. Lett. 21, 1966 (1996). http://www.opticsinfobase.org/ol/abstract.cfm?URI=ol-21-24-1966
[Crossref] [PubMed]

1994 (2)

J. S. Wang, E. M. Vogel, and E. Snitzer, “Tellurite glass: a new candidate for fiber devices,” Opt. Mat. 3, 187 (1994).
[Crossref]

J. S. Wang, D. P. Machewirth, F. Wu, and E. Snitzer, “Neodymium-doped tellurite single-mode fiber laser,” Opt. Lett. 19, 1448 (1994). http://www.opticsinfobase.org/ol/abstract.cfm?URI=ol-19-18-1448
[Crossref] [PubMed]

1986 (1)

Y. Ohishi, S. Sakaguchi, and S. Takahashi, “Transmission loss characteristics of fluoride glass single-mode fiber,” Electron. Lett. 22, 1034 (1986).
[Crossref]

1982 (1)

D. C. Tran, C. F. Fisher, and G. H. Sigel, “Fluoride glass preforms prepared by a rotational casting process,” Electron. Lett. 18, 657 (1982).
[Crossref]

Alencar, R. F.

Boskovic, A.

Camerlingo, A.

Cardinal, T.

Chernikov, S. V.

Chung, Y.

Couzi, M.

Dasgupta, S.

Ebendorff-Heidepriem, H.

T. M. Monro and H. Ebendorff-Heidepriem, “Progress in microstructured optical fibers,” Annu. Rev. Mater. Res. 36, 467 (2006).
[Crossref]

Feng, X.

Fisher, C. F.

D. C. Tran, C. F. Fisher, and G. H. Sigel, “Fluoride glass preforms prepared by a rotational casting process,” Electron. Lett. 18, 657 (1982).
[Crossref]

Flanagan, J. C.

Frampton, K. E.

Furniss, D.

Gruner-Nielsen, L.

Han, W. -T.

Hickmann, J. M.

Horak, P.

Jain, H.

N. Syam Prasad, J. Wang, R. K. Pattnaik, H. Jain, and J. Toulouse, “Preform fabrication and drawing of KNbO3 modified tellurite glass fibers,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352, 519 (2006).
[Crossref]

J. Wang, S Prasad, K. Kiang, R. K. Pattnaik, J. Toulouse, and H. Jain, “Source of optical loss in tellurite glass fiber,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352, 510 (2006).
[Crossref]

Kassab, L. R. P.

Kiang, K.

J. Wang, S Prasad, K. Kiang, R. K. Pattnaik, J. Toulouse, and H. Jain, “Source of optical loss in tellurite glass fiber,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352, 510 (2006).
[Crossref]

Kim, B. H.

Kobayashi, R.

Levring, O. A.

Lin, A.

A. Zhang, A. Lin, J. S. Wang, and J. Toulouse, “Multistage etching methodology for surface treatment of tellurite glasses,” J. Non-Crystal. Solids, (Submitted in April, 2009).

Loh, W. H.

Machewirth, D. P.

Monro, T. M.

T. M. Monro and H. Ebendorff-Heidepriem, “Progress in microstructured optical fibers,” Annu. Rev. Mater. Res. 36, 467 (2006).
[Crossref]

Moon, D. S.

Nakajima, K.

O’Donnell, M. D.

Ohashi, M.

Ohishi, Y.

Y. Ohishi, S. Sakaguchi, and S. Takahashi, “Transmission loss characteristics of fluoride glass single-mode fiber,” Electron. Lett. 22, 1034 (1986).
[Crossref]

Omae, T.

Pattnaik, R. K.

J. Wang, S Prasad, K. Kiang, R. K. Pattnaik, J. Toulouse, and H. Jain, “Source of optical loss in tellurite glass fiber,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352, 510 (2006).
[Crossref]

N. Syam Prasad, J. Wang, R. K. Pattnaik, H. Jain, and J. Toulouse, “Preform fabrication and drawing of KNbO3 modified tellurite glass fibers,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352, 519 (2006).
[Crossref]

Petropoulos, P.

Prasad, S

J. Wang, S Prasad, K. Kiang, R. K. Pattnaik, J. Toulouse, and H. Jain, “Source of optical loss in tellurite glass fiber,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352, 510 (2006).
[Crossref]

Price, J. H. V.

Ramme, M.

Richardson, D. J.

Richardson, K.

Rivero, C.

Rutt, H. N.

Sakaguchi, S.

Y. Ohishi, S. Sakaguchi, and S. Takahashi, “Transmission loss characteristics of fluoride glass single-mode fiber,” Electron. Lett. 22, 1034 (1986).
[Crossref]

Seddon, A. B.

Sigel, G. H.

D. C. Tran, C. F. Fisher, and G. H. Sigel, “Fluoride glass preforms prepared by a rotational casting process,” Electron. Lett. 18, 657 (1982).
[Crossref]

Snitzer, E.

J. S. Wang, E. M. Vogel, and E. Snitzer, “Tellurite glass: a new candidate for fiber devices,” Opt. Mat. 3, 187 (1994).
[Crossref]

Souza, M. A. R. C.

Stegeman, G.

Stegeman, R.

Stolen, R.

Sun, G.

Syam Prasad, N.

N. Syam Prasad, J. Wang, R. K. Pattnaik, H. Jain, and J. Toulouse, “Preform fabrication and drawing of KNbO3 modified tellurite glass fibers,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352, 519 (2006).
[Crossref]

Takahashi, S.

Y. Ohishi, S. Sakaguchi, and S. Takahashi, “Transmission loss characteristics of fluoride glass single-mode fiber,” Electron. Lett. 22, 1034 (1986).
[Crossref]

Taylor, J. R.

Tikhomirov, V. K.

Toulouse, J.

N. Syam Prasad, J. Wang, R. K. Pattnaik, H. Jain, and J. Toulouse, “Preform fabrication and drawing of KNbO3 modified tellurite glass fibers,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352, 519 (2006).
[Crossref]

J. Wang, S Prasad, K. Kiang, R. K. Pattnaik, J. Toulouse, and H. Jain, “Source of optical loss in tellurite glass fiber,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352, 510 (2006).
[Crossref]

A. Zhang, A. Lin, J. S. Wang, and J. Toulouse, “Multistage etching methodology for surface treatment of tellurite glasses,” J. Non-Crystal. Solids, (Submitted in April, 2009).

Tran, D. C.

D. C. Tran, C. F. Fisher, and G. H. Sigel, “Fluoride glass preforms prepared by a rotational casting process,” Electron. Lett. 18, 657 (1982).
[Crossref]

Vogel, E. M.

J. S. Wang, E. M. Vogel, and E. Snitzer, “Tellurite glass: a new candidate for fiber devices,” Opt. Mat. 3, 187 (1994).
[Crossref]

Wang, J.

J. Wang, S Prasad, K. Kiang, R. K. Pattnaik, J. Toulouse, and H. Jain, “Source of optical loss in tellurite glass fiber,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352, 510 (2006).
[Crossref]

N. Syam Prasad, J. Wang, R. K. Pattnaik, H. Jain, and J. Toulouse, “Preform fabrication and drawing of KNbO3 modified tellurite glass fibers,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352, 519 (2006).
[Crossref]

Wang, J. S.

J. S. Wang, E. M. Vogel, and E. Snitzer, “Tellurite glass: a new candidate for fiber devices,” Opt. Mat. 3, 187 (1994).
[Crossref]

A. Zhang, A. Lin, J. S. Wang, and J. Toulouse, “Multistage etching methodology for surface treatment of tellurite glasses,” J. Non-Crystal. Solids, (Submitted in April, 2009).

Watekar, P. R.

White, N. M.

Wu, F.

Zhang, A.

A. Zhang, A. Lin, J. S. Wang, and J. Toulouse, “Multistage etching methodology for surface treatment of tellurite glasses,” J. Non-Crystal. Solids, (Submitted in April, 2009).

Annu. Rev. Mater. Res. (1)

T. M. Monro and H. Ebendorff-Heidepriem, “Progress in microstructured optical fibers,” Annu. Rev. Mater. Res. 36, 467 (2006).
[Crossref]

Appl. Phys. Lett. (1)

Electron. Lett. (2)

Y. Ohishi, S. Sakaguchi, and S. Takahashi, “Transmission loss characteristics of fluoride glass single-mode fiber,” Electron. Lett. 22, 1034 (1986).
[Crossref]

D. C. Tran, C. F. Fisher, and G. H. Sigel, “Fluoride glass preforms prepared by a rotational casting process,” Electron. Lett. 18, 657 (1982).
[Crossref]

IEEE Proc. Optoelectron. (1)

J. Am. Ceram. Soc. (1)

J. Non-Cryst. Solids (3)

N. Syam Prasad, J. Wang, R. K. Pattnaik, H. Jain, and J. Toulouse, “Preform fabrication and drawing of KNbO3 modified tellurite glass fibers,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352, 519 (2006).
[Crossref]

J. Wang, S Prasad, K. Kiang, R. K. Pattnaik, J. Toulouse, and H. Jain, “Source of optical loss in tellurite glass fiber,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352, 510 (2006).
[Crossref]

Opt. Express (2)

Opt. Lett. (2)

Opt. Mat. (1)

J. S. Wang, E. M. Vogel, and E. Snitzer, “Tellurite glass: a new candidate for fiber devices,” Opt. Mat. 3, 187 (1994).
[Crossref]

Other (1)

A. Zhang, A. Lin, J. S. Wang, and J. Toulouse, “Multistage etching methodology for surface treatment of tellurite glasses,” J. Non-Crystal. Solids, (Submitted in April, 2009).

Cited By

OSA participates in Crossref's Cited-By Linking service. Citing articles from OSA journals and other participating publishers are listed here.

Alert me when this article is cited.

Click here to see a list of articles that cite this paper

Fig. 1.

DTA traces obtained for as-quenched glasses of different compositions.

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 2.

A multistage dehydration process (left) and the resulted UV-VIS+FTIR transmission spectrum (right) of TZN-80 glass (Thickness of the tested sample is 1.4 mm).

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 3.

Surface microscopy graphs of TZN-75 and TZN-80 based fibers.

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 4.

Cross-section microscopy graphs of the TZN glass fibers with different losses at 1550 nm: (a) 0.24 dB/m loss with a regular core; (b) 0.7 dB/m loss with a distorted core and a small gap between core and clad; (c) 3 dB/m loss with a heavily distorted and diffused core; (d) 5 dB/m loss with a big gap between core and clad.

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 5.

Measured cw-SPM spectrum and simulated fundamental mode profile at 1550 nm.

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Equations (3)

Equations on this page are rendered with MathJax. Learn more.

\frac{I_{1}}{I_{0}} = \frac{J_{1}^{2} (φ_{SPM}) + J_{2}^{2} (φ_{SPM})}{J_{0}^{2} (φ_{SPM}) + J_{1}^{2} (φ_{SPM})}

n_{2} = \frac{{λA}_{eff}}{4 π L_{eff}} [\frac{φ_{SPM}}{P_{AVG}}] = \frac{λ A_{eff}}{4 π L_{eff}} κ_{ac}

γ = \frac{2 π}{λ} \frac{n_{2}}{A_{eff}} = \frac{φ_{SPM}}{P_{AVG}} \frac{1}{2 L_{eff}} = \frac{κ_{ac}}{2 L_{eff}}