Abstract

We report an experimental demonstration of a bright highfidelity single-mode-optical-fiber source of polarization-entangled photon pairs. The source takes advantage of single-mode fiber optics, highly nonlinear microstructure fiber, judicious phase-matching, and the inherent stability provided by a Sagnac interferometer. With a modest average pump power (300 µW), we create all four Bell states with a detected two-photon coincidence rate of 7 kHz per bandwidth of 0.9 nm, in a spectral range of more than 20 nm. To characterize the purity of the states produced by this source, we use quantum-state tomography to reconstruct the corresponding density matrices, with fidelities of 95 % or more for each Bell state.

©2007 Optical Society of America

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  1. E. Schrödinger, “Die gegenwärtige Situation in der Quantenmechanik,” Naturwissenschaften 23, 807–812; 823–828; 844–849 (1935).
    [Crossref]
  2. R. P. Feynman, R. B. Leighton, M. L. R. B., and Sands, The Feynman Lectures on Physics, Vol. 3 (Addison-Wesley, Massachusetts, 1965).
  3. C. H. Bennett and G. Brassard, in Proc. IEEE Intl. Conf. on Computers, Systems and Signal Processing 175–179 (IEEE, Bangalore, 1984).
  4. A. K. Ekert, “Quantum cryptography based on Bell’s theorem,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 661–663 (1991).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  5. C. H. Bennett, G. Brassard, C. Crepeau, R. Jozsa, A. Peres, and W. K. Wootters, “Teleporting an unknown quantum state via dual classical and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen channels,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 1895–1899 (1993).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  6. P. Shor, in Proc. 37th Symp. on Foundations of Computer Science 15–65 (IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos, 1996).
  7. N. Gisin, G. Ribordy, W. Tittel, and H. Zbinden, “Quantum cryptography,” Rev. Mod. Phys. 74, 145–195 (2002).
    [Crossref]
  8. J. F. Clauser, in Quantum [Un]speakables: From Bell to Quantum Information, R. A. Bertlmann and A. Zeilinger, eds., (Springer, Heidelberg, 2002) pg. 61–98.
  9. M. A. Nielsen and I. L. Chaung, Quantum Computation and Quantum Information, (Cambridge University Press, 2000).
  10. D. Bouwmeester, J. W. Pan, K. Mattle, M. Eibl, H. Weinfurter, and A. Zeilinger, “Experimental quantum teleportation,” Nature 390, 575–579 (1997).
    [Crossref]
  11. P. Walther, K. J. Resch, T. Rudolph, E. Schenck, H. Weinfurter, V. Vedral, M. Aspelmeyer, and A. Zeilinger, “Experimental one-way quantum computing,” Nature 434, 169–176 (2005).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  12. N. Gisin and R. Thew, “Quantum Communication,” Nat. Photonics 1, 165–171 (2007).
    [Crossref]
  13. D. C. Burnham and D. L. Weinberg, “Observation of simultaneity in parametric production of optical photon pairs,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 25, 84–87 (1970).
    [Crossref]
  14. P. G. Kwiat, E. Waks, A. G. White, I. Appelbaum, and P. H. Eberhard, “Ultrabright source of polarization-entangled photons,” Phys. Rev. A 60, 773–776 (R) (1999).
    [Crossref]
  15. C. Kurtsiefer, M. Oberparleiter, and H. Weinfurter, “High-efficiency entangled photon pair collection in type-II parametric fluorescence,” Phys. Rev. A 64, 023802 1–4 (2001).
    [Crossref]
  16. J. Altepeter, E. Jeffrey, and P. G. Kwiat, “Phase-compensated ultra-bright source of entangled photons,” Opt. Express 13, 8951–8959 (2005).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  17. T. Kim, M. Fiorentino, and F. N. C. Wong, “Phase-stable source of polarization-entangled photons using a polarization Sagnac interferometer,” Phys. Rev. A 73, 012316 (2006).
    [Crossref]
  18. G. P. Agrawal, Nonlinear Fiber Optics, 2nd edition (Academic, New York, 1995).
  19. L. J. Wang, C. K. Hong, and S. R. Friberg, “Generation of correlated photons via four-wave mixing in optical fibres,” J. Opt. B: Quantum Semiclass. Opt. 3, 346–352 (2001).
    [Crossref]
  20. H. Takesue and K. Inoue, “Generation of polarization-entangled photon pairs and violation of Bell’s inequality using spontaneous four-wave mixing in a fiber loop,” Phys. Rev. A,  70, 031802–031804 (R) (2004).
    [Crossref]
  21. X. Li, P. L. Voss, Jay E. Sharping, and P. Kumar, “Optical-fiber source of polarization-entangled photons in the 1550 nm Telecom Band,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 053601–053605 (2005).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  22. A. Birks, J. C. Knight, and P. St. Russell, “Endlessly single-mode photonic crystal fiber,” Opt. Lett. 22, 961–963 (1997).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  23. J. Fan, A. Migdall, and L. J. Wang, “Efficient generation of correlated photon pairs in a microstructure fiber,” Opt. Lett. 30, 3368–3370 (2005).
    [Crossref]
  24. F. V. Daniel, Paul G. Kwiat, William J. Munro, and Andrew G. White, “On the measurement of qubits,” Phys. Rev. A 64, 052312 1–23 (2001).
  25. J. Fan and A. Migdall, “A broadband high spectral brightness fiber-based two-photon source,” Opt. Express 15, 2915–2920 (2007).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  26. J. Fan, M. D. Eisaman, and A. Migdall, “Bright phase-stable broadband fiber-based source of polarization-entangled photon pairs,” Phys. Rev. A 76, 2043836 (2007).
    [Crossref]

2007 (3)

N. Gisin and R. Thew, “Quantum Communication,” Nat. Photonics 1, 165–171 (2007).
[Crossref]

J. Fan, M. D. Eisaman, and A. Migdall, “Bright phase-stable broadband fiber-based source of polarization-entangled photon pairs,” Phys. Rev. A 76, 2043836 (2007).
[Crossref]

J. Fan and A. Migdall, “A broadband high spectral brightness fiber-based two-photon source,” Opt. Express 15, 2915–2920 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2006 (1)

T. Kim, M. Fiorentino, and F. N. C. Wong, “Phase-stable source of polarization-entangled photons using a polarization Sagnac interferometer,” Phys. Rev. A 73, 012316 (2006).
[Crossref]

2005 (4)

X. Li, P. L. Voss, Jay E. Sharping, and P. Kumar, “Optical-fiber source of polarization-entangled photons in the 1550 nm Telecom Band,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 053601–053605 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

P. Walther, K. J. Resch, T. Rudolph, E. Schenck, H. Weinfurter, V. Vedral, M. Aspelmeyer, and A. Zeilinger, “Experimental one-way quantum computing,” Nature 434, 169–176 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Altepeter, E. Jeffrey, and P. G. Kwiat, “Phase-compensated ultra-bright source of entangled photons,” Opt. Express 13, 8951–8959 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Fan, A. Migdall, and L. J. Wang, “Efficient generation of correlated photon pairs in a microstructure fiber,” Opt. Lett. 30, 3368–3370 (2005).
[Crossref]

2004 (1)

H. Takesue and K. Inoue, “Generation of polarization-entangled photon pairs and violation of Bell’s inequality using spontaneous four-wave mixing in a fiber loop,” Phys. Rev. A,  70, 031802–031804 (R) (2004).
[Crossref]

2002 (1)

N. Gisin, G. Ribordy, W. Tittel, and H. Zbinden, “Quantum cryptography,” Rev. Mod. Phys. 74, 145–195 (2002).
[Crossref]

2001 (3)

F. V. Daniel, Paul G. Kwiat, William J. Munro, and Andrew G. White, “On the measurement of qubits,” Phys. Rev. A 64, 052312 1–23 (2001).

L. J. Wang, C. K. Hong, and S. R. Friberg, “Generation of correlated photons via four-wave mixing in optical fibres,” J. Opt. B: Quantum Semiclass. Opt. 3, 346–352 (2001).
[Crossref]

C. Kurtsiefer, M. Oberparleiter, and H. Weinfurter, “High-efficiency entangled photon pair collection in type-II parametric fluorescence,” Phys. Rev. A 64, 023802 1–4 (2001).
[Crossref]

1999 (1)

P. G. Kwiat, E. Waks, A. G. White, I. Appelbaum, and P. H. Eberhard, “Ultrabright source of polarization-entangled photons,” Phys. Rev. A 60, 773–776 (R) (1999).
[Crossref]

1997 (2)

A. Birks, J. C. Knight, and P. St. Russell, “Endlessly single-mode photonic crystal fiber,” Opt. Lett. 22, 961–963 (1997).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. Bouwmeester, J. W. Pan, K. Mattle, M. Eibl, H. Weinfurter, and A. Zeilinger, “Experimental quantum teleportation,” Nature 390, 575–579 (1997).
[Crossref]

1993 (1)

C. H. Bennett, G. Brassard, C. Crepeau, R. Jozsa, A. Peres, and W. K. Wootters, “Teleporting an unknown quantum state via dual classical and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen channels,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 1895–1899 (1993).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

1991 (1)

A. K. Ekert, “Quantum cryptography based on Bell’s theorem,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 661–663 (1991).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

1970 (1)

D. C. Burnham and D. L. Weinberg, “Observation of simultaneity in parametric production of optical photon pairs,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 25, 84–87 (1970).
[Crossref]

1935 (1)

E. Schrödinger, “Die gegenwärtige Situation in der Quantenmechanik,” Naturwissenschaften 23, 807–812; 823–828; 844–849 (1935).
[Crossref]

Agrawal, G. P.

G. P. Agrawal, Nonlinear Fiber Optics, 2nd edition (Academic, New York, 1995).

Altepeter, J.

Appelbaum, I.

P. G. Kwiat, E. Waks, A. G. White, I. Appelbaum, and P. H. Eberhard, “Ultrabright source of polarization-entangled photons,” Phys. Rev. A 60, 773–776 (R) (1999).
[Crossref]

Aspelmeyer, M.

P. Walther, K. J. Resch, T. Rudolph, E. Schenck, H. Weinfurter, V. Vedral, M. Aspelmeyer, and A. Zeilinger, “Experimental one-way quantum computing,” Nature 434, 169–176 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Bennett, C. H.

C. H. Bennett, G. Brassard, C. Crepeau, R. Jozsa, A. Peres, and W. K. Wootters, “Teleporting an unknown quantum state via dual classical and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen channels,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 1895–1899 (1993).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. H. Bennett and G. Brassard, in Proc. IEEE Intl. Conf. on Computers, Systems and Signal Processing 175–179 (IEEE, Bangalore, 1984).

Birks, A.

Bouwmeester, D.

D. Bouwmeester, J. W. Pan, K. Mattle, M. Eibl, H. Weinfurter, and A. Zeilinger, “Experimental quantum teleportation,” Nature 390, 575–579 (1997).
[Crossref]

Brassard, G.

C. H. Bennett, G. Brassard, C. Crepeau, R. Jozsa, A. Peres, and W. K. Wootters, “Teleporting an unknown quantum state via dual classical and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen channels,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 1895–1899 (1993).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. H. Bennett and G. Brassard, in Proc. IEEE Intl. Conf. on Computers, Systems and Signal Processing 175–179 (IEEE, Bangalore, 1984).

Burnham, D. C.

D. C. Burnham and D. L. Weinberg, “Observation of simultaneity in parametric production of optical photon pairs,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 25, 84–87 (1970).
[Crossref]

Chaung, I. L.

M. A. Nielsen and I. L. Chaung, Quantum Computation and Quantum Information, (Cambridge University Press, 2000).

Clauser, J. F.

J. F. Clauser, in Quantum [Un]speakables: From Bell to Quantum Information, R. A. Bertlmann and A. Zeilinger, eds., (Springer, Heidelberg, 2002) pg. 61–98.

Crepeau, C.

C. H. Bennett, G. Brassard, C. Crepeau, R. Jozsa, A. Peres, and W. K. Wootters, “Teleporting an unknown quantum state via dual classical and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen channels,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 1895–1899 (1993).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Daniel, F. V.

F. V. Daniel, Paul G. Kwiat, William J. Munro, and Andrew G. White, “On the measurement of qubits,” Phys. Rev. A 64, 052312 1–23 (2001).

Eberhard, P. H.

P. G. Kwiat, E. Waks, A. G. White, I. Appelbaum, and P. H. Eberhard, “Ultrabright source of polarization-entangled photons,” Phys. Rev. A 60, 773–776 (R) (1999).
[Crossref]

Eibl, M.

D. Bouwmeester, J. W. Pan, K. Mattle, M. Eibl, H. Weinfurter, and A. Zeilinger, “Experimental quantum teleportation,” Nature 390, 575–579 (1997).
[Crossref]

Eisaman, M. D.

J. Fan, M. D. Eisaman, and A. Migdall, “Bright phase-stable broadband fiber-based source of polarization-entangled photon pairs,” Phys. Rev. A 76, 2043836 (2007).
[Crossref]

Ekert, A. K.

A. K. Ekert, “Quantum cryptography based on Bell’s theorem,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 661–663 (1991).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Fan, J.

Feynman, R. P.

R. P. Feynman, R. B. Leighton, M. L. R. B., and Sands, The Feynman Lectures on Physics, Vol. 3 (Addison-Wesley, Massachusetts, 1965).

Fiorentino, M.

T. Kim, M. Fiorentino, and F. N. C. Wong, “Phase-stable source of polarization-entangled photons using a polarization Sagnac interferometer,” Phys. Rev. A 73, 012316 (2006).
[Crossref]

Friberg, S. R.

L. J. Wang, C. K. Hong, and S. R. Friberg, “Generation of correlated photons via four-wave mixing in optical fibres,” J. Opt. B: Quantum Semiclass. Opt. 3, 346–352 (2001).
[Crossref]

Gisin, N.

N. Gisin and R. Thew, “Quantum Communication,” Nat. Photonics 1, 165–171 (2007).
[Crossref]

N. Gisin, G. Ribordy, W. Tittel, and H. Zbinden, “Quantum cryptography,” Rev. Mod. Phys. 74, 145–195 (2002).
[Crossref]

Hong, C. K.

L. J. Wang, C. K. Hong, and S. R. Friberg, “Generation of correlated photons via four-wave mixing in optical fibres,” J. Opt. B: Quantum Semiclass. Opt. 3, 346–352 (2001).
[Crossref]

Inoue, K.

H. Takesue and K. Inoue, “Generation of polarization-entangled photon pairs and violation of Bell’s inequality using spontaneous four-wave mixing in a fiber loop,” Phys. Rev. A,  70, 031802–031804 (R) (2004).
[Crossref]

Jeffrey, E.

Jozsa, R.

C. H. Bennett, G. Brassard, C. Crepeau, R. Jozsa, A. Peres, and W. K. Wootters, “Teleporting an unknown quantum state via dual classical and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen channels,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 1895–1899 (1993).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Kim, T.

T. Kim, M. Fiorentino, and F. N. C. Wong, “Phase-stable source of polarization-entangled photons using a polarization Sagnac interferometer,” Phys. Rev. A 73, 012316 (2006).
[Crossref]

Knight, J. C.

Kumar, P.

X. Li, P. L. Voss, Jay E. Sharping, and P. Kumar, “Optical-fiber source of polarization-entangled photons in the 1550 nm Telecom Band,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 053601–053605 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Kurtsiefer, C.

C. Kurtsiefer, M. Oberparleiter, and H. Weinfurter, “High-efficiency entangled photon pair collection in type-II parametric fluorescence,” Phys. Rev. A 64, 023802 1–4 (2001).
[Crossref]

Kwiat, P. G.

J. Altepeter, E. Jeffrey, and P. G. Kwiat, “Phase-compensated ultra-bright source of entangled photons,” Opt. Express 13, 8951–8959 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

P. G. Kwiat, E. Waks, A. G. White, I. Appelbaum, and P. H. Eberhard, “Ultrabright source of polarization-entangled photons,” Phys. Rev. A 60, 773–776 (R) (1999).
[Crossref]

Kwiat, Paul G.

F. V. Daniel, Paul G. Kwiat, William J. Munro, and Andrew G. White, “On the measurement of qubits,” Phys. Rev. A 64, 052312 1–23 (2001).

Leighton, R. B.

R. P. Feynman, R. B. Leighton, M. L. R. B., and Sands, The Feynman Lectures on Physics, Vol. 3 (Addison-Wesley, Massachusetts, 1965).

Li, X.

X. Li, P. L. Voss, Jay E. Sharping, and P. Kumar, “Optical-fiber source of polarization-entangled photons in the 1550 nm Telecom Band,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 053601–053605 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Mattle, K.

D. Bouwmeester, J. W. Pan, K. Mattle, M. Eibl, H. Weinfurter, and A. Zeilinger, “Experimental quantum teleportation,” Nature 390, 575–579 (1997).
[Crossref]

Migdall, A.

Munro, William J.

F. V. Daniel, Paul G. Kwiat, William J. Munro, and Andrew G. White, “On the measurement of qubits,” Phys. Rev. A 64, 052312 1–23 (2001).

Nielsen, M. A.

M. A. Nielsen and I. L. Chaung, Quantum Computation and Quantum Information, (Cambridge University Press, 2000).

Oberparleiter, M.

C. Kurtsiefer, M. Oberparleiter, and H. Weinfurter, “High-efficiency entangled photon pair collection in type-II parametric fluorescence,” Phys. Rev. A 64, 023802 1–4 (2001).
[Crossref]

Pan, J. W.

D. Bouwmeester, J. W. Pan, K. Mattle, M. Eibl, H. Weinfurter, and A. Zeilinger, “Experimental quantum teleportation,” Nature 390, 575–579 (1997).
[Crossref]

Peres, A.

C. H. Bennett, G. Brassard, C. Crepeau, R. Jozsa, A. Peres, and W. K. Wootters, “Teleporting an unknown quantum state via dual classical and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen channels,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 1895–1899 (1993).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. B., M. L.

R. P. Feynman, R. B. Leighton, M. L. R. B., and Sands, The Feynman Lectures on Physics, Vol. 3 (Addison-Wesley, Massachusetts, 1965).

Resch, K. J.

P. Walther, K. J. Resch, T. Rudolph, E. Schenck, H. Weinfurter, V. Vedral, M. Aspelmeyer, and A. Zeilinger, “Experimental one-way quantum computing,” Nature 434, 169–176 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Ribordy, G.

N. Gisin, G. Ribordy, W. Tittel, and H. Zbinden, “Quantum cryptography,” Rev. Mod. Phys. 74, 145–195 (2002).
[Crossref]

Rudolph, T.

P. Walther, K. J. Resch, T. Rudolph, E. Schenck, H. Weinfurter, V. Vedral, M. Aspelmeyer, and A. Zeilinger, “Experimental one-way quantum computing,” Nature 434, 169–176 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Russell, P. St.

Sands,

R. P. Feynman, R. B. Leighton, M. L. R. B., and Sands, The Feynman Lectures on Physics, Vol. 3 (Addison-Wesley, Massachusetts, 1965).

Schenck, E.

P. Walther, K. J. Resch, T. Rudolph, E. Schenck, H. Weinfurter, V. Vedral, M. Aspelmeyer, and A. Zeilinger, “Experimental one-way quantum computing,” Nature 434, 169–176 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Schrödinger, E.

E. Schrödinger, “Die gegenwärtige Situation in der Quantenmechanik,” Naturwissenschaften 23, 807–812; 823–828; 844–849 (1935).
[Crossref]

Sharping, Jay E.

X. Li, P. L. Voss, Jay E. Sharping, and P. Kumar, “Optical-fiber source of polarization-entangled photons in the 1550 nm Telecom Band,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 053601–053605 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Shor, P.

P. Shor, in Proc. 37th Symp. on Foundations of Computer Science 15–65 (IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos, 1996).

Takesue, H.

H. Takesue and K. Inoue, “Generation of polarization-entangled photon pairs and violation of Bell’s inequality using spontaneous four-wave mixing in a fiber loop,” Phys. Rev. A,  70, 031802–031804 (R) (2004).
[Crossref]

Thew, R.

N. Gisin and R. Thew, “Quantum Communication,” Nat. Photonics 1, 165–171 (2007).
[Crossref]

Tittel, W.

N. Gisin, G. Ribordy, W. Tittel, and H. Zbinden, “Quantum cryptography,” Rev. Mod. Phys. 74, 145–195 (2002).
[Crossref]

Vedral, V.

P. Walther, K. J. Resch, T. Rudolph, E. Schenck, H. Weinfurter, V. Vedral, M. Aspelmeyer, and A. Zeilinger, “Experimental one-way quantum computing,” Nature 434, 169–176 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Voss, P. L.

X. Li, P. L. Voss, Jay E. Sharping, and P. Kumar, “Optical-fiber source of polarization-entangled photons in the 1550 nm Telecom Band,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 053601–053605 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Waks, E.

P. G. Kwiat, E. Waks, A. G. White, I. Appelbaum, and P. H. Eberhard, “Ultrabright source of polarization-entangled photons,” Phys. Rev. A 60, 773–776 (R) (1999).
[Crossref]

Walther, P.

P. Walther, K. J. Resch, T. Rudolph, E. Schenck, H. Weinfurter, V. Vedral, M. Aspelmeyer, and A. Zeilinger, “Experimental one-way quantum computing,” Nature 434, 169–176 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Wang, L. J.

J. Fan, A. Migdall, and L. J. Wang, “Efficient generation of correlated photon pairs in a microstructure fiber,” Opt. Lett. 30, 3368–3370 (2005).
[Crossref]

L. J. Wang, C. K. Hong, and S. R. Friberg, “Generation of correlated photons via four-wave mixing in optical fibres,” J. Opt. B: Quantum Semiclass. Opt. 3, 346–352 (2001).
[Crossref]

Weinberg, D. L.

D. C. Burnham and D. L. Weinberg, “Observation of simultaneity in parametric production of optical photon pairs,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 25, 84–87 (1970).
[Crossref]

Weinfurter, H.

P. Walther, K. J. Resch, T. Rudolph, E. Schenck, H. Weinfurter, V. Vedral, M. Aspelmeyer, and A. Zeilinger, “Experimental one-way quantum computing,” Nature 434, 169–176 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. Kurtsiefer, M. Oberparleiter, and H. Weinfurter, “High-efficiency entangled photon pair collection in type-II parametric fluorescence,” Phys. Rev. A 64, 023802 1–4 (2001).
[Crossref]

D. Bouwmeester, J. W. Pan, K. Mattle, M. Eibl, H. Weinfurter, and A. Zeilinger, “Experimental quantum teleportation,” Nature 390, 575–579 (1997).
[Crossref]

White, A. G.

P. G. Kwiat, E. Waks, A. G. White, I. Appelbaum, and P. H. Eberhard, “Ultrabright source of polarization-entangled photons,” Phys. Rev. A 60, 773–776 (R) (1999).
[Crossref]

White, Andrew G.

F. V. Daniel, Paul G. Kwiat, William J. Munro, and Andrew G. White, “On the measurement of qubits,” Phys. Rev. A 64, 052312 1–23 (2001).

Wong, F. N. C.

T. Kim, M. Fiorentino, and F. N. C. Wong, “Phase-stable source of polarization-entangled photons using a polarization Sagnac interferometer,” Phys. Rev. A 73, 012316 (2006).
[Crossref]

Wootters, W. K.

C. H. Bennett, G. Brassard, C. Crepeau, R. Jozsa, A. Peres, and W. K. Wootters, “Teleporting an unknown quantum state via dual classical and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen channels,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 1895–1899 (1993).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Zbinden, H.

N. Gisin, G. Ribordy, W. Tittel, and H. Zbinden, “Quantum cryptography,” Rev. Mod. Phys. 74, 145–195 (2002).
[Crossref]

Zeilinger, A.

P. Walther, K. J. Resch, T. Rudolph, E. Schenck, H. Weinfurter, V. Vedral, M. Aspelmeyer, and A. Zeilinger, “Experimental one-way quantum computing,” Nature 434, 169–176 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. Bouwmeester, J. W. Pan, K. Mattle, M. Eibl, H. Weinfurter, and A. Zeilinger, “Experimental quantum teleportation,” Nature 390, 575–579 (1997).
[Crossref]

J. Opt. B: Quantum Semiclass. Opt. (1)

L. J. Wang, C. K. Hong, and S. R. Friberg, “Generation of correlated photons via four-wave mixing in optical fibres,” J. Opt. B: Quantum Semiclass. Opt. 3, 346–352 (2001).
[Crossref]

Nat. Photonics (1)

N. Gisin and R. Thew, “Quantum Communication,” Nat. Photonics 1, 165–171 (2007).
[Crossref]

Nature (2)

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Figures (3)

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.

Experimental setup. After passing through a transmission grating, the 8 ps linearly polarized pump laser pulse (λP =740.7 nm, repetition rate=80 MHz) is sent to the Sagnac interferometer via the polarizing beam splitter (PBS). A 1.8 m long polarization-maintaining microstructure fiber is the nonlinear FWM medium with zero-dispersion wavelength λzdw =745±5 nm and nonlinearity γ=70 W-1km-1 at λ P. The H-end of fiber (with principal axis oriented horizontally) faces port B of PBS and the V-end of fiber (with principal axis oriented vertically) faces port A. Inset 1 shows the Raman gain spectral profile of our fibers as a function of detuning from the pump wavelength. Inset 2 shows the measured two-photon quantum-interference fringes for Bell state Φ-at four angle settings of θs for the polarization analyzer in the signal arm: θs =0°, 45°, 90°,-45° with λs =689.5 nm, λi =799.5 nm, Δλ=0.9 nm. The visibility, V=(C max-C min)/(C max+C min) is calculated with a sine-squaredfunction-fit, where C max and C min are the maximum and minimum coincidence count rates. λ/2: half-wave plate; λ/4: quarter-wave plate.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.

Density matrix reconstruction of all four Bell states. The ideal density matrix (which is real) and the reconstructed density matrix (real and imaginary parts) are shown for each of the four Bell states with λs =693 nm and λi =795 nm, along with the fidelities calculated from the reconstructed matrices.

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.

Density matrix reconstruction of Bell state Ψ-produced at different wavelengths. The reconstructed density matrices are shown along with the fidelities calculated from the reconstructed matrices.

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