Abstract

Polarization-contrast microscopy coupled with an atomic force microscope is utilized to attain far-field optical images of the multipolar surface plasmon resonance (SPR) modes of single gold nano-rod. Modulated standing modes resulted from the interference of longitudinal SPR modes and incident light are observed and studied. By counting the average distance of adjacent beats on this single gold nano-rod, the wave vector of longitudinal SPR modes can be obtained. We found a linear relationship between the wave vectors of the incident light and the induced SPR modes. Experimental results demonstrate a feasible way on acquiring plasmonic optical properties from an individual single gold nano-rod.

©2007 Optical Society of America

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  1. A. Christ, T. Zentgraf, J. Kuhl, S. G. Tikhodeev, N. A. Gippius, and H. Giessen, “Optical properties of planar metallic photonic crystal structures: Experiment and theory,” Phys. Rev. B 70, 125113 (2004).
    [Crossref]
  2. S. I. Bozhevolnyi, J. Erland, K. Leosson, P. M. W. Skovgaard, and J. M. Hvam, “Waveguiding in surface plasmon polariton band gap structures,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 3008 (2001).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  3. F. I. Baida, D. van Labeke, Y. Pagani, B. Guizal, and M. al Naboulsi, “Waveguiding through a two-dimensional metallic photonic crystal,” J. Microsc. 213, 144–148 (2004).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  4. M. Quinten, A. Leitner, J. R. Krenn, and F. R. Aussenegg, “Electromagnetic energy transport via linear chains of silver nanoparticles,” Opt. Lett. 23, 1331–1333 (1998).
    [Crossref]
  5. M. L. Brongersma, J. W. Hartman, and H. A. Atwater, “Electromagnetic energy transfer and switching in nanoparticle chain arrays below the diffraction limit,” Phys. Rev. B 62, R16356–R16359 (2000).
    [Crossref]
  6. T. W. Ebbesen, H. J. Lezec, H. F. Ghaemi, T. Thio, and P. A. Wolff, “Extraordinary optical transmission through sub-wavelength hole arrays,” Nature (London) 391, 667–669 (1998).
    [Crossref]
  7. W. C. Tan, T. W. Preist, R. J. Sambles, and N. P. Wanstall, “Flat surface-plasmon-polariton bands and resonant optical absorption on short-pitch metal gratings,” Phys. Rev. B 59, 12661–12666 (1999).
    [Crossref]
  8. L. Martín-Moreno, F. J. García-Vidal, H. J. Lezec, K. M. Pellerin, T. Thio, J. B. Pendry, and T. W. Ebbesen, “Theory of extraordianary optical transmission through subwavelength hole arrays,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 1114–1117 (2001).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  9. D. P. Tsai, C. W. Yang, W. C. Lin, F. H. Ho, H. J. Huang, M. Y. Chen, T. F. Tseng, C. H. Lee, and C. J. Yeh “Dynamic aperture of near-field super resolution structures,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 39, 982–983 (2000).
    [Crossref]
  10. W. C. Liu and D. P. Tsai, “Optical tunneling effect of surface plasmon polaritons and localized surface plasmon resonance,” Phys. Rev. B 65, 155423 (2001).
    [Crossref]
  11. M. Moskovits, “Surface-enhanced spectroscopy,” Rev. Mod. Phys. 57, 783–826 (1985).
    [Crossref]
  12. S. Nie and S. R. Emory, “Probing single molecules and single nanoparticles by surface-enhanced Raman Scattering,” Science 275, 1102–1106 (1997).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  13. H. Xu, E. J. Bjerneld, M. Kall, and L. Borjesson, “Spectroscopy of single hemoglobin molecules by surface enhanced Raman scattering,” Phy. Rev. Lett. 83, 4357 (1999).
    [Crossref]
  14. D. P. Tsai and W. C. Lin, “Probing the near fields of the super-resolution near-field optical structure,” Appl. Phys. Lett.,  77, 1413–1415 (2000).
    [Crossref]
  15. F. H. Ho, W. Y. Lin, H. H. Chang, Y. H. Lin, W. C. Liu, and D. P. Tsai, “Nonlinear optical absorption in the AgOx-type super-resolution near-field structure,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 40, 4101–4102 (2001).
    [Crossref]
  16. T. C. Chu, W. C. Liu, and D. P. Tsai, “Enhanced resolution induced by random silver nanoparticles in near-field optical disks,” Opt. Commun. 246, 561–567 (2005).
    [Crossref]
  17. T. Klar, M. Perner, S. Grosse, G. von Plessen, W. Spirkl, and J. Feldmann, “Surface-plasmon resonances in single metallic nanoparticles,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 4249–4252 (1999).
    [Crossref]
  18. K. Imura, T. Nagahara, and H. Okamoto, “Characteristic near-field spectra of single gold nanoparticles,” Chem. Phys. Lett. 400, 500–505 (2004).
    [Crossref]
  19. K. Imura, T. Nagahara, and H. Okamoto, “Near-field two-photon-induced photoluminescence from single gold nanorods and imaging of plasmon modes,” J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 13214–13220 (2005).
    [Crossref]
  20. G. Laurent, N. Félidj, J. Aubard, and G. Lévi, “Evidence of multipolar excitations in surface enhanced Raman scattering,” Phys. Rev. B 71, 45430 (2005).
    [Crossref]
  21. E. K. Payne, K. L. Shuford, S. Park, G. C. Schatz, and C. A. Mirkin, “Multipole plasmon resonances in gold nanorods,” J. Phys. Chem. B 110, 2150–2154 (2006).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  22. P. Muhlschlegel, H. J. Eisler, O. J. F. Martin, B. Hecht, and D. W. Pohl, “Resonant optical antennas,” Science 308, 1607 (2005).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  23. C. Sonnichsen and A. P. Alivisatos, “Gold nanorods as novel nonbleaching plasmon-based orientation sensors for polarized single-particle microscopy,” Nano Lett. 5, 301–304 (2005).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  24. A. Ono, J. Kato, and S. Kawata, “Subwavelength optical imaging through a metallic nanorod array,” Phys. Rev. Letts. 95, 267407 (2005).
    [Crossref]
  25. J. C. Weeber, A. Dereux, C. Girard, J. R. Krenn, and J. P. Goudonnet, “Plasmon polaritons of metallic nanowires for controlling submicron propagation of light,” Phys. Rev. B 60, 9061 (1999).
    [Crossref]
  26. H. Ditlbacher, A. Hohenau, D. Wagner, U. Kreibig, M. Rogers, F. Hofer, F. R. Aussenegg, and J. R. Krenn, “Silver nanowires as surface plasmon resonators,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 257403 (2005).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  27. J. Aizpurua, G. W. Bryant, L. J. Richter, F. J. García de Abajo, B. K. Kelley, and T. Mallouk, “Optical properties of coupled metallic nanorods for field-enhanced spectroscopy,” Phys. Rev. B 71, 235420 (2005).
    [Crossref]
  28. G. Schider, J. R. Krenn, A. Hohenau, H. Ditlbacher, A. Leitner, and F. R. Aussenegg, “Plasmon dispersion relation of Au and Ag nanowires,” Phys. Rev. B 68, 155427 (2003).
    [Crossref]
  29. K. Imura, T. Nagahara, and H. Okamoto, “Near-field optical imaging of plasmon modes in gold nanorods,” J. Chem. Phys. 122, 154701 (2005).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  30. N. Félidj, G. Laurent, J. Grand, J. Aubard, G. Lévi, A. Hohenau, F. R. Aussenegg, and J. R. Krenn, “Far-field Raman Imaging of short-wavelength particle plasmons on gold nanorods,” Plasmonics 1, 35–39 (2006).
    [Crossref]
  31. N. Taub, O. Krichevski, and G. Markovich, “Growth of gold nanorods on surfaces,” J. Phys. Chem. B 107, 11579–11582 (2003).
    [Crossref]
  32. H. M. Chen, H. C. Peng, R. S. Liu, K. Asakura, C. L. Lee, J. F. Lee, and S. F. Fu, “Controlling the Length and Shape of Gold Nanorods,” J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 19553 (2005).
    [Crossref]
  33. J. Seidel, F. I. Baida, L. Bischoff, B. Guizal, S. Grafström, D. van Labeke, and L. M. Eng, “Coupling between surface plasmon modes on metal films,” Phys. Rev. B 69, 121405 (2004).
    [Crossref]

2006 (2)

E. K. Payne, K. L. Shuford, S. Park, G. C. Schatz, and C. A. Mirkin, “Multipole plasmon resonances in gold nanorods,” J. Phys. Chem. B 110, 2150–2154 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

N. Félidj, G. Laurent, J. Grand, J. Aubard, G. Lévi, A. Hohenau, F. R. Aussenegg, and J. R. Krenn, “Far-field Raman Imaging of short-wavelength particle plasmons on gold nanorods,” Plasmonics 1, 35–39 (2006).
[Crossref]

2005 (10)

H. Ditlbacher, A. Hohenau, D. Wagner, U. Kreibig, M. Rogers, F. Hofer, F. R. Aussenegg, and J. R. Krenn, “Silver nanowires as surface plasmon resonators,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 257403 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Aizpurua, G. W. Bryant, L. J. Richter, F. J. García de Abajo, B. K. Kelley, and T. Mallouk, “Optical properties of coupled metallic nanorods for field-enhanced spectroscopy,” Phys. Rev. B 71, 235420 (2005).
[Crossref]

P. Muhlschlegel, H. J. Eisler, O. J. F. Martin, B. Hecht, and D. W. Pohl, “Resonant optical antennas,” Science 308, 1607 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. Sonnichsen and A. P. Alivisatos, “Gold nanorods as novel nonbleaching plasmon-based orientation sensors for polarized single-particle microscopy,” Nano Lett. 5, 301–304 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. Ono, J. Kato, and S. Kawata, “Subwavelength optical imaging through a metallic nanorod array,” Phys. Rev. Letts. 95, 267407 (2005).
[Crossref]

H. M. Chen, H. C. Peng, R. S. Liu, K. Asakura, C. L. Lee, J. F. Lee, and S. F. Fu, “Controlling the Length and Shape of Gold Nanorods,” J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 19553 (2005).
[Crossref]

K. Imura, T. Nagahara, and H. Okamoto, “Near-field optical imaging of plasmon modes in gold nanorods,” J. Chem. Phys. 122, 154701 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. C. Chu, W. C. Liu, and D. P. Tsai, “Enhanced resolution induced by random silver nanoparticles in near-field optical disks,” Opt. Commun. 246, 561–567 (2005).
[Crossref]

K. Imura, T. Nagahara, and H. Okamoto, “Near-field two-photon-induced photoluminescence from single gold nanorods and imaging of plasmon modes,” J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 13214–13220 (2005).
[Crossref]

G. Laurent, N. Félidj, J. Aubard, and G. Lévi, “Evidence of multipolar excitations in surface enhanced Raman scattering,” Phys. Rev. B 71, 45430 (2005).
[Crossref]

2004 (4)

K. Imura, T. Nagahara, and H. Okamoto, “Characteristic near-field spectra of single gold nanoparticles,” Chem. Phys. Lett. 400, 500–505 (2004).
[Crossref]

F. I. Baida, D. van Labeke, Y. Pagani, B. Guizal, and M. al Naboulsi, “Waveguiding through a two-dimensional metallic photonic crystal,” J. Microsc. 213, 144–148 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Seidel, F. I. Baida, L. Bischoff, B. Guizal, S. Grafström, D. van Labeke, and L. M. Eng, “Coupling between surface plasmon modes on metal films,” Phys. Rev. B 69, 121405 (2004).
[Crossref]

A. Christ, T. Zentgraf, J. Kuhl, S. G. Tikhodeev, N. A. Gippius, and H. Giessen, “Optical properties of planar metallic photonic crystal structures: Experiment and theory,” Phys. Rev. B 70, 125113 (2004).
[Crossref]

2003 (2)

G. Schider, J. R. Krenn, A. Hohenau, H. Ditlbacher, A. Leitner, and F. R. Aussenegg, “Plasmon dispersion relation of Au and Ag nanowires,” Phys. Rev. B 68, 155427 (2003).
[Crossref]

N. Taub, O. Krichevski, and G. Markovich, “Growth of gold nanorods on surfaces,” J. Phys. Chem. B 107, 11579–11582 (2003).
[Crossref]

2001 (4)

S. I. Bozhevolnyi, J. Erland, K. Leosson, P. M. W. Skovgaard, and J. M. Hvam, “Waveguiding in surface plasmon polariton band gap structures,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 3008 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

F. H. Ho, W. Y. Lin, H. H. Chang, Y. H. Lin, W. C. Liu, and D. P. Tsai, “Nonlinear optical absorption in the AgOx-type super-resolution near-field structure,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 40, 4101–4102 (2001).
[Crossref]

L. Martín-Moreno, F. J. García-Vidal, H. J. Lezec, K. M. Pellerin, T. Thio, J. B. Pendry, and T. W. Ebbesen, “Theory of extraordianary optical transmission through subwavelength hole arrays,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 1114–1117 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

W. C. Liu and D. P. Tsai, “Optical tunneling effect of surface plasmon polaritons and localized surface plasmon resonance,” Phys. Rev. B 65, 155423 (2001).
[Crossref]

2000 (3)

D. P. Tsai, C. W. Yang, W. C. Lin, F. H. Ho, H. J. Huang, M. Y. Chen, T. F. Tseng, C. H. Lee, and C. J. Yeh “Dynamic aperture of near-field super resolution structures,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 39, 982–983 (2000).
[Crossref]

M. L. Brongersma, J. W. Hartman, and H. A. Atwater, “Electromagnetic energy transfer and switching in nanoparticle chain arrays below the diffraction limit,” Phys. Rev. B 62, R16356–R16359 (2000).
[Crossref]

D. P. Tsai and W. C. Lin, “Probing the near fields of the super-resolution near-field optical structure,” Appl. Phys. Lett.,  77, 1413–1415 (2000).
[Crossref]

1999 (4)

H. Xu, E. J. Bjerneld, M. Kall, and L. Borjesson, “Spectroscopy of single hemoglobin molecules by surface enhanced Raman scattering,” Phy. Rev. Lett. 83, 4357 (1999).
[Crossref]

T. Klar, M. Perner, S. Grosse, G. von Plessen, W. Spirkl, and J. Feldmann, “Surface-plasmon resonances in single metallic nanoparticles,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 4249–4252 (1999).
[Crossref]

W. C. Tan, T. W. Preist, R. J. Sambles, and N. P. Wanstall, “Flat surface-plasmon-polariton bands and resonant optical absorption on short-pitch metal gratings,” Phys. Rev. B 59, 12661–12666 (1999).
[Crossref]

J. C. Weeber, A. Dereux, C. Girard, J. R. Krenn, and J. P. Goudonnet, “Plasmon polaritons of metallic nanowires for controlling submicron propagation of light,” Phys. Rev. B 60, 9061 (1999).
[Crossref]

1998 (2)

M. Quinten, A. Leitner, J. R. Krenn, and F. R. Aussenegg, “Electromagnetic energy transport via linear chains of silver nanoparticles,” Opt. Lett. 23, 1331–1333 (1998).
[Crossref]

T. W. Ebbesen, H. J. Lezec, H. F. Ghaemi, T. Thio, and P. A. Wolff, “Extraordinary optical transmission through sub-wavelength hole arrays,” Nature (London) 391, 667–669 (1998).
[Crossref]

1997 (1)

S. Nie and S. R. Emory, “Probing single molecules and single nanoparticles by surface-enhanced Raman Scattering,” Science 275, 1102–1106 (1997).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

1985 (1)

M. Moskovits, “Surface-enhanced spectroscopy,” Rev. Mod. Phys. 57, 783–826 (1985).
[Crossref]

Aizpurua, J.

J. Aizpurua, G. W. Bryant, L. J. Richter, F. J. García de Abajo, B. K. Kelley, and T. Mallouk, “Optical properties of coupled metallic nanorods for field-enhanced spectroscopy,” Phys. Rev. B 71, 235420 (2005).
[Crossref]

al Naboulsi, M.

F. I. Baida, D. van Labeke, Y. Pagani, B. Guizal, and M. al Naboulsi, “Waveguiding through a two-dimensional metallic photonic crystal,” J. Microsc. 213, 144–148 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Alivisatos, A. P.

C. Sonnichsen and A. P. Alivisatos, “Gold nanorods as novel nonbleaching plasmon-based orientation sensors for polarized single-particle microscopy,” Nano Lett. 5, 301–304 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Asakura, K.

H. M. Chen, H. C. Peng, R. S. Liu, K. Asakura, C. L. Lee, J. F. Lee, and S. F. Fu, “Controlling the Length and Shape of Gold Nanorods,” J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 19553 (2005).
[Crossref]

Atwater, H. A.

M. L. Brongersma, J. W. Hartman, and H. A. Atwater, “Electromagnetic energy transfer and switching in nanoparticle chain arrays below the diffraction limit,” Phys. Rev. B 62, R16356–R16359 (2000).
[Crossref]

Aubard, J.

N. Félidj, G. Laurent, J. Grand, J. Aubard, G. Lévi, A. Hohenau, F. R. Aussenegg, and J. R. Krenn, “Far-field Raman Imaging of short-wavelength particle plasmons on gold nanorods,” Plasmonics 1, 35–39 (2006).
[Crossref]

G. Laurent, N. Félidj, J. Aubard, and G. Lévi, “Evidence of multipolar excitations in surface enhanced Raman scattering,” Phys. Rev. B 71, 45430 (2005).
[Crossref]

Aussenegg, F. R.

N. Félidj, G. Laurent, J. Grand, J. Aubard, G. Lévi, A. Hohenau, F. R. Aussenegg, and J. R. Krenn, “Far-field Raman Imaging of short-wavelength particle plasmons on gold nanorods,” Plasmonics 1, 35–39 (2006).
[Crossref]

H. Ditlbacher, A. Hohenau, D. Wagner, U. Kreibig, M. Rogers, F. Hofer, F. R. Aussenegg, and J. R. Krenn, “Silver nanowires as surface plasmon resonators,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 257403 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

G. Schider, J. R. Krenn, A. Hohenau, H. Ditlbacher, A. Leitner, and F. R. Aussenegg, “Plasmon dispersion relation of Au and Ag nanowires,” Phys. Rev. B 68, 155427 (2003).
[Crossref]

M. Quinten, A. Leitner, J. R. Krenn, and F. R. Aussenegg, “Electromagnetic energy transport via linear chains of silver nanoparticles,” Opt. Lett. 23, 1331–1333 (1998).
[Crossref]

Baida, F. I.

F. I. Baida, D. van Labeke, Y. Pagani, B. Guizal, and M. al Naboulsi, “Waveguiding through a two-dimensional metallic photonic crystal,” J. Microsc. 213, 144–148 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Seidel, F. I. Baida, L. Bischoff, B. Guizal, S. Grafström, D. van Labeke, and L. M. Eng, “Coupling between surface plasmon modes on metal films,” Phys. Rev. B 69, 121405 (2004).
[Crossref]

Bischoff, L.

J. Seidel, F. I. Baida, L. Bischoff, B. Guizal, S. Grafström, D. van Labeke, and L. M. Eng, “Coupling between surface plasmon modes on metal films,” Phys. Rev. B 69, 121405 (2004).
[Crossref]

Bjerneld, E. J.

H. Xu, E. J. Bjerneld, M. Kall, and L. Borjesson, “Spectroscopy of single hemoglobin molecules by surface enhanced Raman scattering,” Phy. Rev. Lett. 83, 4357 (1999).
[Crossref]

Borjesson, L.

H. Xu, E. J. Bjerneld, M. Kall, and L. Borjesson, “Spectroscopy of single hemoglobin molecules by surface enhanced Raman scattering,” Phy. Rev. Lett. 83, 4357 (1999).
[Crossref]

Bozhevolnyi, S. I.

S. I. Bozhevolnyi, J. Erland, K. Leosson, P. M. W. Skovgaard, and J. M. Hvam, “Waveguiding in surface plasmon polariton band gap structures,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 3008 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Brongersma, M. L.

M. L. Brongersma, J. W. Hartman, and H. A. Atwater, “Electromagnetic energy transfer and switching in nanoparticle chain arrays below the diffraction limit,” Phys. Rev. B 62, R16356–R16359 (2000).
[Crossref]

Bryant, G. W.

J. Aizpurua, G. W. Bryant, L. J. Richter, F. J. García de Abajo, B. K. Kelley, and T. Mallouk, “Optical properties of coupled metallic nanorods for field-enhanced spectroscopy,” Phys. Rev. B 71, 235420 (2005).
[Crossref]

Chang, H. H.

F. H. Ho, W. Y. Lin, H. H. Chang, Y. H. Lin, W. C. Liu, and D. P. Tsai, “Nonlinear optical absorption in the AgOx-type super-resolution near-field structure,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 40, 4101–4102 (2001).
[Crossref]

Chen, H. M.

H. M. Chen, H. C. Peng, R. S. Liu, K. Asakura, C. L. Lee, J. F. Lee, and S. F. Fu, “Controlling the Length and Shape of Gold Nanorods,” J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 19553 (2005).
[Crossref]

Chen, M. Y.

D. P. Tsai, C. W. Yang, W. C. Lin, F. H. Ho, H. J. Huang, M. Y. Chen, T. F. Tseng, C. H. Lee, and C. J. Yeh “Dynamic aperture of near-field super resolution structures,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 39, 982–983 (2000).
[Crossref]

Christ, A.

A. Christ, T. Zentgraf, J. Kuhl, S. G. Tikhodeev, N. A. Gippius, and H. Giessen, “Optical properties of planar metallic photonic crystal structures: Experiment and theory,” Phys. Rev. B 70, 125113 (2004).
[Crossref]

Chu, T. C.

T. C. Chu, W. C. Liu, and D. P. Tsai, “Enhanced resolution induced by random silver nanoparticles in near-field optical disks,” Opt. Commun. 246, 561–567 (2005).
[Crossref]

Dereux, A.

J. C. Weeber, A. Dereux, C. Girard, J. R. Krenn, and J. P. Goudonnet, “Plasmon polaritons of metallic nanowires for controlling submicron propagation of light,” Phys. Rev. B 60, 9061 (1999).
[Crossref]

Ditlbacher, H.

H. Ditlbacher, A. Hohenau, D. Wagner, U. Kreibig, M. Rogers, F. Hofer, F. R. Aussenegg, and J. R. Krenn, “Silver nanowires as surface plasmon resonators,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 257403 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

G. Schider, J. R. Krenn, A. Hohenau, H. Ditlbacher, A. Leitner, and F. R. Aussenegg, “Plasmon dispersion relation of Au and Ag nanowires,” Phys. Rev. B 68, 155427 (2003).
[Crossref]

Ebbesen, T. W.

L. Martín-Moreno, F. J. García-Vidal, H. J. Lezec, K. M. Pellerin, T. Thio, J. B. Pendry, and T. W. Ebbesen, “Theory of extraordianary optical transmission through subwavelength hole arrays,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 1114–1117 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. W. Ebbesen, H. J. Lezec, H. F. Ghaemi, T. Thio, and P. A. Wolff, “Extraordinary optical transmission through sub-wavelength hole arrays,” Nature (London) 391, 667–669 (1998).
[Crossref]

Eisler, H. J.

P. Muhlschlegel, H. J. Eisler, O. J. F. Martin, B. Hecht, and D. W. Pohl, “Resonant optical antennas,” Science 308, 1607 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Emory, S. R.

S. Nie and S. R. Emory, “Probing single molecules and single nanoparticles by surface-enhanced Raman Scattering,” Science 275, 1102–1106 (1997).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Eng, L. M.

J. Seidel, F. I. Baida, L. Bischoff, B. Guizal, S. Grafström, D. van Labeke, and L. M. Eng, “Coupling between surface plasmon modes on metal films,” Phys. Rev. B 69, 121405 (2004).
[Crossref]

Erland, J.

S. I. Bozhevolnyi, J. Erland, K. Leosson, P. M. W. Skovgaard, and J. M. Hvam, “Waveguiding in surface plasmon polariton band gap structures,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 3008 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Feldmann, J.

T. Klar, M. Perner, S. Grosse, G. von Plessen, W. Spirkl, and J. Feldmann, “Surface-plasmon resonances in single metallic nanoparticles,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 4249–4252 (1999).
[Crossref]

Félidj, N.

N. Félidj, G. Laurent, J. Grand, J. Aubard, G. Lévi, A. Hohenau, F. R. Aussenegg, and J. R. Krenn, “Far-field Raman Imaging of short-wavelength particle plasmons on gold nanorods,” Plasmonics 1, 35–39 (2006).
[Crossref]

G. Laurent, N. Félidj, J. Aubard, and G. Lévi, “Evidence of multipolar excitations in surface enhanced Raman scattering,” Phys. Rev. B 71, 45430 (2005).
[Crossref]

Fu, S. F.

H. M. Chen, H. C. Peng, R. S. Liu, K. Asakura, C. L. Lee, J. F. Lee, and S. F. Fu, “Controlling the Length and Shape of Gold Nanorods,” J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 19553 (2005).
[Crossref]

García de Abajo, F. J.

J. Aizpurua, G. W. Bryant, L. J. Richter, F. J. García de Abajo, B. K. Kelley, and T. Mallouk, “Optical properties of coupled metallic nanorods for field-enhanced spectroscopy,” Phys. Rev. B 71, 235420 (2005).
[Crossref]

García-Vidal, F. J.

L. Martín-Moreno, F. J. García-Vidal, H. J. Lezec, K. M. Pellerin, T. Thio, J. B. Pendry, and T. W. Ebbesen, “Theory of extraordianary optical transmission through subwavelength hole arrays,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 1114–1117 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Ghaemi, H. F.

T. W. Ebbesen, H. J. Lezec, H. F. Ghaemi, T. Thio, and P. A. Wolff, “Extraordinary optical transmission through sub-wavelength hole arrays,” Nature (London) 391, 667–669 (1998).
[Crossref]

Giessen, H.

A. Christ, T. Zentgraf, J. Kuhl, S. G. Tikhodeev, N. A. Gippius, and H. Giessen, “Optical properties of planar metallic photonic crystal structures: Experiment and theory,” Phys. Rev. B 70, 125113 (2004).
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Gippius, N. A.

A. Christ, T. Zentgraf, J. Kuhl, S. G. Tikhodeev, N. A. Gippius, and H. Giessen, “Optical properties of planar metallic photonic crystal structures: Experiment and theory,” Phys. Rev. B 70, 125113 (2004).
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Girard, C.

J. C. Weeber, A. Dereux, C. Girard, J. R. Krenn, and J. P. Goudonnet, “Plasmon polaritons of metallic nanowires for controlling submicron propagation of light,” Phys. Rev. B 60, 9061 (1999).
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Goudonnet, J. P.

J. C. Weeber, A. Dereux, C. Girard, J. R. Krenn, and J. P. Goudonnet, “Plasmon polaritons of metallic nanowires for controlling submicron propagation of light,” Phys. Rev. B 60, 9061 (1999).
[Crossref]

Grafström, S.

J. Seidel, F. I. Baida, L. Bischoff, B. Guizal, S. Grafström, D. van Labeke, and L. M. Eng, “Coupling between surface plasmon modes on metal films,” Phys. Rev. B 69, 121405 (2004).
[Crossref]

Grand, J.

N. Félidj, G. Laurent, J. Grand, J. Aubard, G. Lévi, A. Hohenau, F. R. Aussenegg, and J. R. Krenn, “Far-field Raman Imaging of short-wavelength particle plasmons on gold nanorods,” Plasmonics 1, 35–39 (2006).
[Crossref]

Grosse, S.

T. Klar, M. Perner, S. Grosse, G. von Plessen, W. Spirkl, and J. Feldmann, “Surface-plasmon resonances in single metallic nanoparticles,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 4249–4252 (1999).
[Crossref]

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J. Seidel, F. I. Baida, L. Bischoff, B. Guizal, S. Grafström, D. van Labeke, and L. M. Eng, “Coupling between surface plasmon modes on metal films,” Phys. Rev. B 69, 121405 (2004).
[Crossref]

F. I. Baida, D. van Labeke, Y. Pagani, B. Guizal, and M. al Naboulsi, “Waveguiding through a two-dimensional metallic photonic crystal,” J. Microsc. 213, 144–148 (2004).
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M. L. Brongersma, J. W. Hartman, and H. A. Atwater, “Electromagnetic energy transfer and switching in nanoparticle chain arrays below the diffraction limit,” Phys. Rev. B 62, R16356–R16359 (2000).
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P. Muhlschlegel, H. J. Eisler, O. J. F. Martin, B. Hecht, and D. W. Pohl, “Resonant optical antennas,” Science 308, 1607 (2005).
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F. H. Ho, W. Y. Lin, H. H. Chang, Y. H. Lin, W. C. Liu, and D. P. Tsai, “Nonlinear optical absorption in the AgOx-type super-resolution near-field structure,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 40, 4101–4102 (2001).
[Crossref]

D. P. Tsai, C. W. Yang, W. C. Lin, F. H. Ho, H. J. Huang, M. Y. Chen, T. F. Tseng, C. H. Lee, and C. J. Yeh “Dynamic aperture of near-field super resolution structures,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 39, 982–983 (2000).
[Crossref]

Hofer, F.

H. Ditlbacher, A. Hohenau, D. Wagner, U. Kreibig, M. Rogers, F. Hofer, F. R. Aussenegg, and J. R. Krenn, “Silver nanowires as surface plasmon resonators,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 257403 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Hohenau, A.

N. Félidj, G. Laurent, J. Grand, J. Aubard, G. Lévi, A. Hohenau, F. R. Aussenegg, and J. R. Krenn, “Far-field Raman Imaging of short-wavelength particle plasmons on gold nanorods,” Plasmonics 1, 35–39 (2006).
[Crossref]

H. Ditlbacher, A. Hohenau, D. Wagner, U. Kreibig, M. Rogers, F. Hofer, F. R. Aussenegg, and J. R. Krenn, “Silver nanowires as surface plasmon resonators,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 257403 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

G. Schider, J. R. Krenn, A. Hohenau, H. Ditlbacher, A. Leitner, and F. R. Aussenegg, “Plasmon dispersion relation of Au and Ag nanowires,” Phys. Rev. B 68, 155427 (2003).
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Huang, H. J.

D. P. Tsai, C. W. Yang, W. C. Lin, F. H. Ho, H. J. Huang, M. Y. Chen, T. F. Tseng, C. H. Lee, and C. J. Yeh “Dynamic aperture of near-field super resolution structures,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 39, 982–983 (2000).
[Crossref]

Hvam, J. M.

S. I. Bozhevolnyi, J. Erland, K. Leosson, P. M. W. Skovgaard, and J. M. Hvam, “Waveguiding in surface plasmon polariton band gap structures,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 3008 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

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K. Imura, T. Nagahara, and H. Okamoto, “Near-field two-photon-induced photoluminescence from single gold nanorods and imaging of plasmon modes,” J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 13214–13220 (2005).
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K. Imura, T. Nagahara, and H. Okamoto, “Near-field optical imaging of plasmon modes in gold nanorods,” J. Chem. Phys. 122, 154701 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

K. Imura, T. Nagahara, and H. Okamoto, “Characteristic near-field spectra of single gold nanoparticles,” Chem. Phys. Lett. 400, 500–505 (2004).
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H. Xu, E. J. Bjerneld, M. Kall, and L. Borjesson, “Spectroscopy of single hemoglobin molecules by surface enhanced Raman scattering,” Phy. Rev. Lett. 83, 4357 (1999).
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A. Ono, J. Kato, and S. Kawata, “Subwavelength optical imaging through a metallic nanorod array,” Phys. Rev. Letts. 95, 267407 (2005).
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A. Ono, J. Kato, and S. Kawata, “Subwavelength optical imaging through a metallic nanorod array,” Phys. Rev. Letts. 95, 267407 (2005).
[Crossref]

Kelley, B. K.

J. Aizpurua, G. W. Bryant, L. J. Richter, F. J. García de Abajo, B. K. Kelley, and T. Mallouk, “Optical properties of coupled metallic nanorods for field-enhanced spectroscopy,” Phys. Rev. B 71, 235420 (2005).
[Crossref]

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T. Klar, M. Perner, S. Grosse, G. von Plessen, W. Spirkl, and J. Feldmann, “Surface-plasmon resonances in single metallic nanoparticles,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 4249–4252 (1999).
[Crossref]

Kreibig, U.

H. Ditlbacher, A. Hohenau, D. Wagner, U. Kreibig, M. Rogers, F. Hofer, F. R. Aussenegg, and J. R. Krenn, “Silver nanowires as surface plasmon resonators,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 257403 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Krenn, J. R.

N. Félidj, G. Laurent, J. Grand, J. Aubard, G. Lévi, A. Hohenau, F. R. Aussenegg, and J. R. Krenn, “Far-field Raman Imaging of short-wavelength particle plasmons on gold nanorods,” Plasmonics 1, 35–39 (2006).
[Crossref]

H. Ditlbacher, A. Hohenau, D. Wagner, U. Kreibig, M. Rogers, F. Hofer, F. R. Aussenegg, and J. R. Krenn, “Silver nanowires as surface plasmon resonators,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 257403 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

G. Schider, J. R. Krenn, A. Hohenau, H. Ditlbacher, A. Leitner, and F. R. Aussenegg, “Plasmon dispersion relation of Au and Ag nanowires,” Phys. Rev. B 68, 155427 (2003).
[Crossref]

J. C. Weeber, A. Dereux, C. Girard, J. R. Krenn, and J. P. Goudonnet, “Plasmon polaritons of metallic nanowires for controlling submicron propagation of light,” Phys. Rev. B 60, 9061 (1999).
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M. Quinten, A. Leitner, J. R. Krenn, and F. R. Aussenegg, “Electromagnetic energy transport via linear chains of silver nanoparticles,” Opt. Lett. 23, 1331–1333 (1998).
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N. Taub, O. Krichevski, and G. Markovich, “Growth of gold nanorods on surfaces,” J. Phys. Chem. B 107, 11579–11582 (2003).
[Crossref]

Kuhl, J.

A. Christ, T. Zentgraf, J. Kuhl, S. G. Tikhodeev, N. A. Gippius, and H. Giessen, “Optical properties of planar metallic photonic crystal structures: Experiment and theory,” Phys. Rev. B 70, 125113 (2004).
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F. I. Baida, D. van Labeke, Y. Pagani, B. Guizal, and M. al Naboulsi, “Waveguiding through a two-dimensional metallic photonic crystal,” J. Microsc. 213, 144–148 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

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N. Félidj, G. Laurent, J. Grand, J. Aubard, G. Lévi, A. Hohenau, F. R. Aussenegg, and J. R. Krenn, “Far-field Raman Imaging of short-wavelength particle plasmons on gold nanorods,” Plasmonics 1, 35–39 (2006).
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G. Laurent, N. Félidj, J. Aubard, and G. Lévi, “Evidence of multipolar excitations in surface enhanced Raman scattering,” Phys. Rev. B 71, 45430 (2005).
[Crossref]

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D. P. Tsai, C. W. Yang, W. C. Lin, F. H. Ho, H. J. Huang, M. Y. Chen, T. F. Tseng, C. H. Lee, and C. J. Yeh “Dynamic aperture of near-field super resolution structures,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 39, 982–983 (2000).
[Crossref]

Lee, C. L.

H. M. Chen, H. C. Peng, R. S. Liu, K. Asakura, C. L. Lee, J. F. Lee, and S. F. Fu, “Controlling the Length and Shape of Gold Nanorods,” J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 19553 (2005).
[Crossref]

Lee, J. F.

H. M. Chen, H. C. Peng, R. S. Liu, K. Asakura, C. L. Lee, J. F. Lee, and S. F. Fu, “Controlling the Length and Shape of Gold Nanorods,” J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 19553 (2005).
[Crossref]

Leitner, A.

G. Schider, J. R. Krenn, A. Hohenau, H. Ditlbacher, A. Leitner, and F. R. Aussenegg, “Plasmon dispersion relation of Au and Ag nanowires,” Phys. Rev. B 68, 155427 (2003).
[Crossref]

M. Quinten, A. Leitner, J. R. Krenn, and F. R. Aussenegg, “Electromagnetic energy transport via linear chains of silver nanoparticles,” Opt. Lett. 23, 1331–1333 (1998).
[Crossref]

Leosson, K.

S. I. Bozhevolnyi, J. Erland, K. Leosson, P. M. W. Skovgaard, and J. M. Hvam, “Waveguiding in surface plasmon polariton band gap structures,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 3008 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Lévi, G.

N. Félidj, G. Laurent, J. Grand, J. Aubard, G. Lévi, A. Hohenau, F. R. Aussenegg, and J. R. Krenn, “Far-field Raman Imaging of short-wavelength particle plasmons on gold nanorods,” Plasmonics 1, 35–39 (2006).
[Crossref]

G. Laurent, N. Félidj, J. Aubard, and G. Lévi, “Evidence of multipolar excitations in surface enhanced Raman scattering,” Phys. Rev. B 71, 45430 (2005).
[Crossref]

Lezec, H. J.

L. Martín-Moreno, F. J. García-Vidal, H. J. Lezec, K. M. Pellerin, T. Thio, J. B. Pendry, and T. W. Ebbesen, “Theory of extraordianary optical transmission through subwavelength hole arrays,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 1114–1117 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. W. Ebbesen, H. J. Lezec, H. F. Ghaemi, T. Thio, and P. A. Wolff, “Extraordinary optical transmission through sub-wavelength hole arrays,” Nature (London) 391, 667–669 (1998).
[Crossref]

Lin, W. C.

D. P. Tsai, C. W. Yang, W. C. Lin, F. H. Ho, H. J. Huang, M. Y. Chen, T. F. Tseng, C. H. Lee, and C. J. Yeh “Dynamic aperture of near-field super resolution structures,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 39, 982–983 (2000).
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D. P. Tsai and W. C. Lin, “Probing the near fields of the super-resolution near-field optical structure,” Appl. Phys. Lett.,  77, 1413–1415 (2000).
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Lin, W. Y.

F. H. Ho, W. Y. Lin, H. H. Chang, Y. H. Lin, W. C. Liu, and D. P. Tsai, “Nonlinear optical absorption in the AgOx-type super-resolution near-field structure,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 40, 4101–4102 (2001).
[Crossref]

Lin, Y. H.

F. H. Ho, W. Y. Lin, H. H. Chang, Y. H. Lin, W. C. Liu, and D. P. Tsai, “Nonlinear optical absorption in the AgOx-type super-resolution near-field structure,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 40, 4101–4102 (2001).
[Crossref]

Liu, R. S.

H. M. Chen, H. C. Peng, R. S. Liu, K. Asakura, C. L. Lee, J. F. Lee, and S. F. Fu, “Controlling the Length and Shape of Gold Nanorods,” J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 19553 (2005).
[Crossref]

Liu, W. C.

T. C. Chu, W. C. Liu, and D. P. Tsai, “Enhanced resolution induced by random silver nanoparticles in near-field optical disks,” Opt. Commun. 246, 561–567 (2005).
[Crossref]

F. H. Ho, W. Y. Lin, H. H. Chang, Y. H. Lin, W. C. Liu, and D. P. Tsai, “Nonlinear optical absorption in the AgOx-type super-resolution near-field structure,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 40, 4101–4102 (2001).
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W. C. Liu and D. P. Tsai, “Optical tunneling effect of surface plasmon polaritons and localized surface plasmon resonance,” Phys. Rev. B 65, 155423 (2001).
[Crossref]

Mallouk, T.

J. Aizpurua, G. W. Bryant, L. J. Richter, F. J. García de Abajo, B. K. Kelley, and T. Mallouk, “Optical properties of coupled metallic nanorods for field-enhanced spectroscopy,” Phys. Rev. B 71, 235420 (2005).
[Crossref]

Markovich, G.

N. Taub, O. Krichevski, and G. Markovich, “Growth of gold nanorods on surfaces,” J. Phys. Chem. B 107, 11579–11582 (2003).
[Crossref]

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P. Muhlschlegel, H. J. Eisler, O. J. F. Martin, B. Hecht, and D. W. Pohl, “Resonant optical antennas,” Science 308, 1607 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Martín-Moreno, L.

L. Martín-Moreno, F. J. García-Vidal, H. J. Lezec, K. M. Pellerin, T. Thio, J. B. Pendry, and T. W. Ebbesen, “Theory of extraordianary optical transmission through subwavelength hole arrays,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 1114–1117 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Mirkin, C. A.

E. K. Payne, K. L. Shuford, S. Park, G. C. Schatz, and C. A. Mirkin, “Multipole plasmon resonances in gold nanorods,” J. Phys. Chem. B 110, 2150–2154 (2006).
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P. Muhlschlegel, H. J. Eisler, O. J. F. Martin, B. Hecht, and D. W. Pohl, “Resonant optical antennas,” Science 308, 1607 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Nagahara, T.

K. Imura, T. Nagahara, and H. Okamoto, “Near-field two-photon-induced photoluminescence from single gold nanorods and imaging of plasmon modes,” J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 13214–13220 (2005).
[Crossref]

K. Imura, T. Nagahara, and H. Okamoto, “Near-field optical imaging of plasmon modes in gold nanorods,” J. Chem. Phys. 122, 154701 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

K. Imura, T. Nagahara, and H. Okamoto, “Characteristic near-field spectra of single gold nanoparticles,” Chem. Phys. Lett. 400, 500–505 (2004).
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S. Nie and S. R. Emory, “Probing single molecules and single nanoparticles by surface-enhanced Raman Scattering,” Science 275, 1102–1106 (1997).
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K. Imura, T. Nagahara, and H. Okamoto, “Near-field two-photon-induced photoluminescence from single gold nanorods and imaging of plasmon modes,” J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 13214–13220 (2005).
[Crossref]

K. Imura, T. Nagahara, and H. Okamoto, “Near-field optical imaging of plasmon modes in gold nanorods,” J. Chem. Phys. 122, 154701 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

K. Imura, T. Nagahara, and H. Okamoto, “Characteristic near-field spectra of single gold nanoparticles,” Chem. Phys. Lett. 400, 500–505 (2004).
[Crossref]

Ono, A.

A. Ono, J. Kato, and S. Kawata, “Subwavelength optical imaging through a metallic nanorod array,” Phys. Rev. Letts. 95, 267407 (2005).
[Crossref]

Pagani, Y.

F. I. Baida, D. van Labeke, Y. Pagani, B. Guizal, and M. al Naboulsi, “Waveguiding through a two-dimensional metallic photonic crystal,” J. Microsc. 213, 144–148 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Park, S.

E. K. Payne, K. L. Shuford, S. Park, G. C. Schatz, and C. A. Mirkin, “Multipole plasmon resonances in gold nanorods,” J. Phys. Chem. B 110, 2150–2154 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Payne, E. K.

E. K. Payne, K. L. Shuford, S. Park, G. C. Schatz, and C. A. Mirkin, “Multipole plasmon resonances in gold nanorods,” J. Phys. Chem. B 110, 2150–2154 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Pellerin, K. M.

L. Martín-Moreno, F. J. García-Vidal, H. J. Lezec, K. M. Pellerin, T. Thio, J. B. Pendry, and T. W. Ebbesen, “Theory of extraordianary optical transmission through subwavelength hole arrays,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 1114–1117 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Pendry, J. B.

L. Martín-Moreno, F. J. García-Vidal, H. J. Lezec, K. M. Pellerin, T. Thio, J. B. Pendry, and T. W. Ebbesen, “Theory of extraordianary optical transmission through subwavelength hole arrays,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 1114–1117 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Peng, H. C.

H. M. Chen, H. C. Peng, R. S. Liu, K. Asakura, C. L. Lee, J. F. Lee, and S. F. Fu, “Controlling the Length and Shape of Gold Nanorods,” J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 19553 (2005).
[Crossref]

Perner, M.

T. Klar, M. Perner, S. Grosse, G. von Plessen, W. Spirkl, and J. Feldmann, “Surface-plasmon resonances in single metallic nanoparticles,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 4249–4252 (1999).
[Crossref]

Pohl, D. W.

P. Muhlschlegel, H. J. Eisler, O. J. F. Martin, B. Hecht, and D. W. Pohl, “Resonant optical antennas,” Science 308, 1607 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Preist, T. W.

W. C. Tan, T. W. Preist, R. J. Sambles, and N. P. Wanstall, “Flat surface-plasmon-polariton bands and resonant optical absorption on short-pitch metal gratings,” Phys. Rev. B 59, 12661–12666 (1999).
[Crossref]

Quinten, M.

Richter, L. J.

J. Aizpurua, G. W. Bryant, L. J. Richter, F. J. García de Abajo, B. K. Kelley, and T. Mallouk, “Optical properties of coupled metallic nanorods for field-enhanced spectroscopy,” Phys. Rev. B 71, 235420 (2005).
[Crossref]

Rogers, M.

H. Ditlbacher, A. Hohenau, D. Wagner, U. Kreibig, M. Rogers, F. Hofer, F. R. Aussenegg, and J. R. Krenn, “Silver nanowires as surface plasmon resonators,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 257403 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Sambles, R. J.

W. C. Tan, T. W. Preist, R. J. Sambles, and N. P. Wanstall, “Flat surface-plasmon-polariton bands and resonant optical absorption on short-pitch metal gratings,” Phys. Rev. B 59, 12661–12666 (1999).
[Crossref]

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E. K. Payne, K. L. Shuford, S. Park, G. C. Schatz, and C. A. Mirkin, “Multipole plasmon resonances in gold nanorods,” J. Phys. Chem. B 110, 2150–2154 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Schider, G.

G. Schider, J. R. Krenn, A. Hohenau, H. Ditlbacher, A. Leitner, and F. R. Aussenegg, “Plasmon dispersion relation of Au and Ag nanowires,” Phys. Rev. B 68, 155427 (2003).
[Crossref]

Seidel, J.

J. Seidel, F. I. Baida, L. Bischoff, B. Guizal, S. Grafström, D. van Labeke, and L. M. Eng, “Coupling between surface plasmon modes on metal films,” Phys. Rev. B 69, 121405 (2004).
[Crossref]

Shuford, K. L.

E. K. Payne, K. L. Shuford, S. Park, G. C. Schatz, and C. A. Mirkin, “Multipole plasmon resonances in gold nanorods,” J. Phys. Chem. B 110, 2150–2154 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Skovgaard, P. M. W.

S. I. Bozhevolnyi, J. Erland, K. Leosson, P. M. W. Skovgaard, and J. M. Hvam, “Waveguiding in surface plasmon polariton band gap structures,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 3008 (2001).
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C. Sonnichsen and A. P. Alivisatos, “Gold nanorods as novel nonbleaching plasmon-based orientation sensors for polarized single-particle microscopy,” Nano Lett. 5, 301–304 (2005).
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T. Klar, M. Perner, S. Grosse, G. von Plessen, W. Spirkl, and J. Feldmann, “Surface-plasmon resonances in single metallic nanoparticles,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 4249–4252 (1999).
[Crossref]

Tan, W. C.

W. C. Tan, T. W. Preist, R. J. Sambles, and N. P. Wanstall, “Flat surface-plasmon-polariton bands and resonant optical absorption on short-pitch metal gratings,” Phys. Rev. B 59, 12661–12666 (1999).
[Crossref]

Taub, N.

N. Taub, O. Krichevski, and G. Markovich, “Growth of gold nanorods on surfaces,” J. Phys. Chem. B 107, 11579–11582 (2003).
[Crossref]

Thio, T.

L. Martín-Moreno, F. J. García-Vidal, H. J. Lezec, K. M. Pellerin, T. Thio, J. B. Pendry, and T. W. Ebbesen, “Theory of extraordianary optical transmission through subwavelength hole arrays,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 1114–1117 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. W. Ebbesen, H. J. Lezec, H. F. Ghaemi, T. Thio, and P. A. Wolff, “Extraordinary optical transmission through sub-wavelength hole arrays,” Nature (London) 391, 667–669 (1998).
[Crossref]

Tikhodeev, S. G.

A. Christ, T. Zentgraf, J. Kuhl, S. G. Tikhodeev, N. A. Gippius, and H. Giessen, “Optical properties of planar metallic photonic crystal structures: Experiment and theory,” Phys. Rev. B 70, 125113 (2004).
[Crossref]

Tsai, D. P.

T. C. Chu, W. C. Liu, and D. P. Tsai, “Enhanced resolution induced by random silver nanoparticles in near-field optical disks,” Opt. Commun. 246, 561–567 (2005).
[Crossref]

F. H. Ho, W. Y. Lin, H. H. Chang, Y. H. Lin, W. C. Liu, and D. P. Tsai, “Nonlinear optical absorption in the AgOx-type super-resolution near-field structure,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 40, 4101–4102 (2001).
[Crossref]

W. C. Liu and D. P. Tsai, “Optical tunneling effect of surface plasmon polaritons and localized surface plasmon resonance,” Phys. Rev. B 65, 155423 (2001).
[Crossref]

D. P. Tsai, C. W. Yang, W. C. Lin, F. H. Ho, H. J. Huang, M. Y. Chen, T. F. Tseng, C. H. Lee, and C. J. Yeh “Dynamic aperture of near-field super resolution structures,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 39, 982–983 (2000).
[Crossref]

D. P. Tsai and W. C. Lin, “Probing the near fields of the super-resolution near-field optical structure,” Appl. Phys. Lett.,  77, 1413–1415 (2000).
[Crossref]

Tseng, T. F.

D. P. Tsai, C. W. Yang, W. C. Lin, F. H. Ho, H. J. Huang, M. Y. Chen, T. F. Tseng, C. H. Lee, and C. J. Yeh “Dynamic aperture of near-field super resolution structures,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 39, 982–983 (2000).
[Crossref]

van Labeke, D.

J. Seidel, F. I. Baida, L. Bischoff, B. Guizal, S. Grafström, D. van Labeke, and L. M. Eng, “Coupling between surface plasmon modes on metal films,” Phys. Rev. B 69, 121405 (2004).
[Crossref]

von Plessen, G.

T. Klar, M. Perner, S. Grosse, G. von Plessen, W. Spirkl, and J. Feldmann, “Surface-plasmon resonances in single metallic nanoparticles,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 4249–4252 (1999).
[Crossref]

Wagner, D.

H. Ditlbacher, A. Hohenau, D. Wagner, U. Kreibig, M. Rogers, F. Hofer, F. R. Aussenegg, and J. R. Krenn, “Silver nanowires as surface plasmon resonators,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 257403 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Wanstall, N. P.

W. C. Tan, T. W. Preist, R. J. Sambles, and N. P. Wanstall, “Flat surface-plasmon-polariton bands and resonant optical absorption on short-pitch metal gratings,” Phys. Rev. B 59, 12661–12666 (1999).
[Crossref]

Weeber, J. C.

J. C. Weeber, A. Dereux, C. Girard, J. R. Krenn, and J. P. Goudonnet, “Plasmon polaritons of metallic nanowires for controlling submicron propagation of light,” Phys. Rev. B 60, 9061 (1999).
[Crossref]

Wolff, P. A.

T. W. Ebbesen, H. J. Lezec, H. F. Ghaemi, T. Thio, and P. A. Wolff, “Extraordinary optical transmission through sub-wavelength hole arrays,” Nature (London) 391, 667–669 (1998).
[Crossref]

Xu, H.

H. Xu, E. J. Bjerneld, M. Kall, and L. Borjesson, “Spectroscopy of single hemoglobin molecules by surface enhanced Raman scattering,” Phy. Rev. Lett. 83, 4357 (1999).
[Crossref]

Yang, C. W.

D. P. Tsai, C. W. Yang, W. C. Lin, F. H. Ho, H. J. Huang, M. Y. Chen, T. F. Tseng, C. H. Lee, and C. J. Yeh “Dynamic aperture of near-field super resolution structures,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 39, 982–983 (2000).
[Crossref]

Yeh, C. J.

D. P. Tsai, C. W. Yang, W. C. Lin, F. H. Ho, H. J. Huang, M. Y. Chen, T. F. Tseng, C. H. Lee, and C. J. Yeh “Dynamic aperture of near-field super resolution structures,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 39, 982–983 (2000).
[Crossref]

Zentgraf, T.

A. Christ, T. Zentgraf, J. Kuhl, S. G. Tikhodeev, N. A. Gippius, and H. Giessen, “Optical properties of planar metallic photonic crystal structures: Experiment and theory,” Phys. Rev. B 70, 125113 (2004).
[Crossref]

Appl. Phys. Lett. (1)

D. P. Tsai and W. C. Lin, “Probing the near fields of the super-resolution near-field optical structure,” Appl. Phys. Lett.,  77, 1413–1415 (2000).
[Crossref]

Chem. Phys. Lett. (1)

K. Imura, T. Nagahara, and H. Okamoto, “Characteristic near-field spectra of single gold nanoparticles,” Chem. Phys. Lett. 400, 500–505 (2004).
[Crossref]

J. Chem. Phys. (1)

K. Imura, T. Nagahara, and H. Okamoto, “Near-field optical imaging of plasmon modes in gold nanorods,” J. Chem. Phys. 122, 154701 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Microsc. (1)

F. I. Baida, D. van Labeke, Y. Pagani, B. Guizal, and M. al Naboulsi, “Waveguiding through a two-dimensional metallic photonic crystal,” J. Microsc. 213, 144–148 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Phys. Chem. B (4)

N. Taub, O. Krichevski, and G. Markovich, “Growth of gold nanorods on surfaces,” J. Phys. Chem. B 107, 11579–11582 (2003).
[Crossref]

H. M. Chen, H. C. Peng, R. S. Liu, K. Asakura, C. L. Lee, J. F. Lee, and S. F. Fu, “Controlling the Length and Shape of Gold Nanorods,” J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 19553 (2005).
[Crossref]

K. Imura, T. Nagahara, and H. Okamoto, “Near-field two-photon-induced photoluminescence from single gold nanorods and imaging of plasmon modes,” J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 13214–13220 (2005).
[Crossref]

E. K. Payne, K. L. Shuford, S. Park, G. C. Schatz, and C. A. Mirkin, “Multipole plasmon resonances in gold nanorods,” J. Phys. Chem. B 110, 2150–2154 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. (2)

F. H. Ho, W. Y. Lin, H. H. Chang, Y. H. Lin, W. C. Liu, and D. P. Tsai, “Nonlinear optical absorption in the AgOx-type super-resolution near-field structure,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 40, 4101–4102 (2001).
[Crossref]

D. P. Tsai, C. W. Yang, W. C. Lin, F. H. Ho, H. J. Huang, M. Y. Chen, T. F. Tseng, C. H. Lee, and C. J. Yeh “Dynamic aperture of near-field super resolution structures,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 39, 982–983 (2000).
[Crossref]

Nano Lett. (1)

C. Sonnichsen and A. P. Alivisatos, “Gold nanorods as novel nonbleaching plasmon-based orientation sensors for polarized single-particle microscopy,” Nano Lett. 5, 301–304 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Nature (London) (1)

T. W. Ebbesen, H. J. Lezec, H. F. Ghaemi, T. Thio, and P. A. Wolff, “Extraordinary optical transmission through sub-wavelength hole arrays,” Nature (London) 391, 667–669 (1998).
[Crossref]

Opt. Commun. (1)

T. C. Chu, W. C. Liu, and D. P. Tsai, “Enhanced resolution induced by random silver nanoparticles in near-field optical disks,” Opt. Commun. 246, 561–567 (2005).
[Crossref]

Opt. Lett. (1)

Phy. Rev. Lett. (1)

H. Xu, E. J. Bjerneld, M. Kall, and L. Borjesson, “Spectroscopy of single hemoglobin molecules by surface enhanced Raman scattering,” Phy. Rev. Lett. 83, 4357 (1999).
[Crossref]

Phys. Rev. B (9)

M. L. Brongersma, J. W. Hartman, and H. A. Atwater, “Electromagnetic energy transfer and switching in nanoparticle chain arrays below the diffraction limit,” Phys. Rev. B 62, R16356–R16359 (2000).
[Crossref]

W. C. Tan, T. W. Preist, R. J. Sambles, and N. P. Wanstall, “Flat surface-plasmon-polariton bands and resonant optical absorption on short-pitch metal gratings,” Phys. Rev. B 59, 12661–12666 (1999).
[Crossref]

W. C. Liu and D. P. Tsai, “Optical tunneling effect of surface plasmon polaritons and localized surface plasmon resonance,” Phys. Rev. B 65, 155423 (2001).
[Crossref]

G. Laurent, N. Félidj, J. Aubard, and G. Lévi, “Evidence of multipolar excitations in surface enhanced Raman scattering,” Phys. Rev. B 71, 45430 (2005).
[Crossref]

J. Seidel, F. I. Baida, L. Bischoff, B. Guizal, S. Grafström, D. van Labeke, and L. M. Eng, “Coupling between surface plasmon modes on metal films,” Phys. Rev. B 69, 121405 (2004).
[Crossref]

A. Christ, T. Zentgraf, J. Kuhl, S. G. Tikhodeev, N. A. Gippius, and H. Giessen, “Optical properties of planar metallic photonic crystal structures: Experiment and theory,” Phys. Rev. B 70, 125113 (2004).
[Crossref]

J. C. Weeber, A. Dereux, C. Girard, J. R. Krenn, and J. P. Goudonnet, “Plasmon polaritons of metallic nanowires for controlling submicron propagation of light,” Phys. Rev. B 60, 9061 (1999).
[Crossref]

J. Aizpurua, G. W. Bryant, L. J. Richter, F. J. García de Abajo, B. K. Kelley, and T. Mallouk, “Optical properties of coupled metallic nanorods for field-enhanced spectroscopy,” Phys. Rev. B 71, 235420 (2005).
[Crossref]

G. Schider, J. R. Krenn, A. Hohenau, H. Ditlbacher, A. Leitner, and F. R. Aussenegg, “Plasmon dispersion relation of Au and Ag nanowires,” Phys. Rev. B 68, 155427 (2003).
[Crossref]

Phys. Rev. Lett. (4)

H. Ditlbacher, A. Hohenau, D. Wagner, U. Kreibig, M. Rogers, F. Hofer, F. R. Aussenegg, and J. R. Krenn, “Silver nanowires as surface plasmon resonators,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 257403 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. I. Bozhevolnyi, J. Erland, K. Leosson, P. M. W. Skovgaard, and J. M. Hvam, “Waveguiding in surface plasmon polariton band gap structures,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 3008 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Klar, M. Perner, S. Grosse, G. von Plessen, W. Spirkl, and J. Feldmann, “Surface-plasmon resonances in single metallic nanoparticles,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 4249–4252 (1999).
[Crossref]

L. Martín-Moreno, F. J. García-Vidal, H. J. Lezec, K. M. Pellerin, T. Thio, J. B. Pendry, and T. W. Ebbesen, “Theory of extraordianary optical transmission through subwavelength hole arrays,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 1114–1117 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Phys. Rev. Letts. (1)

A. Ono, J. Kato, and S. Kawata, “Subwavelength optical imaging through a metallic nanorod array,” Phys. Rev. Letts. 95, 267407 (2005).
[Crossref]

Plasmonics (1)

N. Félidj, G. Laurent, J. Grand, J. Aubard, G. Lévi, A. Hohenau, F. R. Aussenegg, and J. R. Krenn, “Far-field Raman Imaging of short-wavelength particle plasmons on gold nanorods,” Plasmonics 1, 35–39 (2006).
[Crossref]

Rev. Mod. Phys. (1)

M. Moskovits, “Surface-enhanced spectroscopy,” Rev. Mod. Phys. 57, 783–826 (1985).
[Crossref]

Science (2)

S. Nie and S. R. Emory, “Probing single molecules and single nanoparticles by surface-enhanced Raman Scattering,” Science 275, 1102–1106 (1997).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

P. Muhlschlegel, H. J. Eisler, O. J. F. Martin, B. Hecht, and D. W. Pohl, “Resonant optical antennas,” Science 308, 1607 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

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Figures (6)

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. (a) AFM image of a single gold nano-rod, and (b) a far-field image of the single gold nano-rod shown in (a) simultaneously. (c) Schematic and (d) photograph of the experimental setup.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Scattering spectrum of single gold nano-rod by using P-polarized incident white light with 51° incident angle.

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3 Illustration of the relationship of the induced longitudinal SPR mode and the incident light.

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Far-field images of SPR modes of the same single gold nano-rod for various incident laser light at (a) red (658 nm), (b) green (532 nm), and (c) blue (488 nm), respectively.

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Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. (a) The observed numbers of beats (exclude beats at both ends of nano-rod) along a single gold nano-rod for various values of the parallel incident wave vector kx . (b) Observed averaged beat distance (Δ x) for various wave vectors kx . The square (blue), circular (green), and triangular (red) dots are the results of various incident laser wavelength of 488 nm, 532 nm, and 658 nm, respectively.

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Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. Optical relationship of the induced SPR modes versus the parallel incident wave vectors kx . The square (blue), circular (green), and triangular (red) dots are the results of various incident laser wavelength of 488 nm, 532 nm, and 658 nm, respectively.

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Equations (3)

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k x = k inc ∙ sin θ inc = 2 π sin θ inc λ inc ,
k mod = k SPR − k x 2
λ SPR = 1 ( 1 Δ x + sin θ inc λ inc ) ,

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