Abstract

Using dispersive finite-difference time-domain (D-FDTD) simulations, we show that a pair of gold nanodisks stacked in a ‘sandwich’- like (end-fire) configuration produces a large enhancement of the magnetic field when irradiated with a plane optical wave, if the distance between the nanodisks is optically small. The effect, which can be rationalized in terms of a magnetic dipole resonance, is due the excitation of a hybridized asymmetric plasmon mode, in which the induced electrical dipoles in the two disks oscillate out-of-phase. The strong magnetic response, together with the simple morphology, suggests that Au nanosandwiches are suitable elementary building blocks for optical metamaterials that exhibit negative refraction.

© 2006 Optical Society of America

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References

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  1. W. L. Barnes , A. Dereux , and T. W. Ebbesen , “ Surface plasmon subwavelength optics ,” Nature   424 , 824 – 830 ( 2003 ).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  2. E. Ozbay , “ Plasmonics: Merging photonics and electronics at nanoscale dimentions ,” Science   311 , 189 – 193 ( 2006 ).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  3. S. I. Bozhevolnyi , V. S. Volkov , E. Devaux , J.-Y Laluet , and T. W. Ebbesen , “ Channel plasmon subwavelength waveguide components including interferometers and ring resonators ,” Science   440 , 508 – 511 ( 2006 ).
  4. D. R. Smith , J. B. Pendry , and M. C. K. Wiltshire , “ Metamaterials and negative refractive index ,” Science   305 , 788 – 792 ( 2004 ).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  5. A. K. Sarychev , G. Shvets , and V. M. Shalaev , “ Magnetic plasmon resonance ,” Phys. Rev. E   73 , 036609 ( 2006 ).
    [Crossref]
  6. V. P. Drachev , W. Cai , U. K. Chettiar , H. -K. Yuan , A. K. Sarychev , A. V. Kildishev , G. Klimeck , and V. M. Shalaev , “ Experimental verification of an optical negative index material ,” Laser Phys. Lett.   3 , 49 – 55 ( 2006 ).
    [Crossref]
  7. V. M. Shalaev , W. Cai , U. K. Chettiar , H. -K. Yuan , A. K. Sarychev , V. P. Drachev , and A. V. Kildishev “ Negative index of refraction in optical metamaterials ,” Opt. Lett.   30 , 3356 – 3358 ( 2005 ).
    [Crossref]
  8. A. N. Grigorenko , A. K. Geim , H. F. Gleeson , Y. Zhang , A. A. Firsov , I. Y. Khrushchev , and J. Petrovic , “ Nanofabricated media with negative permeability at visible frequencies ,” Nature   438 , 335 – 338 ( 2005 ).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  9. C. Enkrich , M. Wegener , S. Linden , S. Burger , L. Zschiedrich , F. Schmidt , J. F. Zhou , Th. Koschny , and C. M. Soukoulis , “ Magnetic metamaterials at telecommunication and visible frequencies ,” Phys. Rev. Lett.   95 , 203901 ( 2005 ).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  10. S. Zhang , W. Fan , N. C. Panoiu , K. J. Malloy , R. M. Osgood , and S. R. J. Brueck , “ Exeprimental demonstration of near-Infrared negative-index metamaterials ,” Phys. Rev. Lett.   95 , 137404 ( 2005 ).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  11. T. J. Yen , W. J. Padilla , N. Fang , D. C. Vier , D. R. Smith , J. B. Pendry , D. N. Basov , and X. Zhang , “ Terahertz magnetic response from artficial materials ,” Science   303 , 1494 – 1496 ( 2004 ).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  12. S. Linden , C. Enkrich , M. Wegener , J. Zhou , T. Koschny , and C. Soukoulis , “ Magentic response of metamaterials at 100 terahertz ,” Science   306 , 1351 – 1353 ( 2004 ).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  13. V. A. Podolskiy , A. K. Sarychev , and V. M. Shalaev , “ Plasmon modes and negative refraction in metal nanowire composites ,” Opt. Express   11 , 735 – 745 ( 2003 ), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-11-7-735 .
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  14. A. Dmitriev , T. Pakizeh , M. Käll , and D. S. Sutherland , “ Surface plasmon hybridization in gold-silica-goldnanosandwiches ,” Nano Lett., submitted , ( 2006 ).
  15. C. F. Bohren and D. R. Huffman , Absorption and Scattering of Light by Small Particles ( John Wiley , 1983 ).
  16. U. Kreibig and M. Vollmer , Optical Properties of Metal Clusters ( Springer , 1995 ).
  17. L. Gunnarsson , T. Rindzevicius , J. Prikulis , B. Kasemo , M. Käll , S. Zou , and G. C. Schatz , “ Confined plasmons in nanofabricated single silver particles pairs: experimental observation of strong interparticle interactions ,” J. Phys. Chem. B   109 , 1079 – 1087 ( 2005 ).
    [Crossref]
  18. P. Hanarp , M. Käll , and D. S. Sutherland , “ Optical properties of short range ordered arrays of nanometer gold disks prepared by colloidal lithography ,” J. Phys. Chem. B   107 , 5768 – 5772 ( 2003 ).
    [Crossref]
  19. A. Taflove and S. C. Hagness , Computaional Electrodynamics: The Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method ( Artech House , 2005 ).
  20. D. M. Sullivan , Electromagnetic Simulation Using the FDTD Method ( IEEE Press , > 2000 ).
    [Crossref]
  21. D. F. Kelly and R. J. Luebbers , “ Piecewise linear recursive convolution for dispersive media using FDTD ,” IEEEb Trans. Antennas Propag.   44 , 792 – 797 ( 1996 ).
    [Crossref]
  22. G. X. Fan and Q. H. Liu , “ An FDTD algorithm with perfectly matched layers for general dispersive media ,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag.   48 , 637 – 646 ( 2000 ).
    [Crossref]
  23. P. B. Johnson and R. W. Christy , “ Optical constants of the nobel metals ,” Phys. Rev. B   6 , 4370 – 4379 ( 1972 ).
    [Crossref]

2006 (4)

A. K. Sarychev , G. Shvets , and V. M. Shalaev , “ Magnetic plasmon resonance ,” Phys. Rev. E   73 , 036609 ( 2006 ).
[Crossref]

V. P. Drachev , W. Cai , U. K. Chettiar , H. -K. Yuan , A. K. Sarychev , A. V. Kildishev , G. Klimeck , and V. M. Shalaev , “ Experimental verification of an optical negative index material ,” Laser Phys. Lett.   3 , 49 – 55 ( 2006 ).
[Crossref]

E. Ozbay , “ Plasmonics: Merging photonics and electronics at nanoscale dimentions ,” Science   311 , 189 – 193 ( 2006 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. I. Bozhevolnyi , V. S. Volkov , E. Devaux , J.-Y Laluet , and T. W. Ebbesen , “ Channel plasmon subwavelength waveguide components including interferometers and ring resonators ,” Science   440 , 508 – 511 ( 2006 ).

2005 (5)

L. Gunnarsson , T. Rindzevicius , J. Prikulis , B. Kasemo , M. Käll , S. Zou , and G. C. Schatz , “ Confined plasmons in nanofabricated single silver particles pairs: experimental observation of strong interparticle interactions ,” J. Phys. Chem. B   109 , 1079 – 1087 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref]

V. M. Shalaev , W. Cai , U. K. Chettiar , H. -K. Yuan , A. K. Sarychev , V. P. Drachev , and A. V. Kildishev “ Negative index of refraction in optical metamaterials ,” Opt. Lett.   30 , 3356 – 3358 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref]

A. N. Grigorenko , A. K. Geim , H. F. Gleeson , Y. Zhang , A. A. Firsov , I. Y. Khrushchev , and J. Petrovic , “ Nanofabricated media with negative permeability at visible frequencies ,” Nature   438 , 335 – 338 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. Enkrich , M. Wegener , S. Linden , S. Burger , L. Zschiedrich , F. Schmidt , J. F. Zhou , Th. Koschny , and C. M. Soukoulis , “ Magnetic metamaterials at telecommunication and visible frequencies ,” Phys. Rev. Lett.   95 , 203901 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Zhang , W. Fan , N. C. Panoiu , K. J. Malloy , R. M. Osgood , and S. R. J. Brueck , “ Exeprimental demonstration of near-Infrared negative-index metamaterials ,” Phys. Rev. Lett.   95 , 137404 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2004 (3)

T. J. Yen , W. J. Padilla , N. Fang , D. C. Vier , D. R. Smith , J. B. Pendry , D. N. Basov , and X. Zhang , “ Terahertz magnetic response from artficial materials ,” Science   303 , 1494 – 1496 ( 2004 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Linden , C. Enkrich , M. Wegener , J. Zhou , T. Koschny , and C. Soukoulis , “ Magentic response of metamaterials at 100 terahertz ,” Science   306 , 1351 – 1353 ( 2004 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. R. Smith , J. B. Pendry , and M. C. K. Wiltshire , “ Metamaterials and negative refractive index ,” Science   305 , 788 – 792 ( 2004 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2003 (3)

P. Hanarp , M. Käll , and D. S. Sutherland , “ Optical properties of short range ordered arrays of nanometer gold disks prepared by colloidal lithography ,” J. Phys. Chem. B   107 , 5768 – 5772 ( 2003 ).
[Crossref]

W. L. Barnes , A. Dereux , and T. W. Ebbesen , “ Surface plasmon subwavelength optics ,” Nature   424 , 824 – 830 ( 2003 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

V. A. Podolskiy , A. K. Sarychev , and V. M. Shalaev , “ Plasmon modes and negative refraction in metal nanowire composites ,” Opt. Express   11 , 735 – 745 ( 2003 ), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-11-7-735 .
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2000 (1)

G. X. Fan and Q. H. Liu , “ An FDTD algorithm with perfectly matched layers for general dispersive media ,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag.   48 , 637 – 646 ( 2000 ).
[Crossref]

1996 (1)

D. F. Kelly and R. J. Luebbers , “ Piecewise linear recursive convolution for dispersive media using FDTD ,” IEEEb Trans. Antennas Propag.   44 , 792 – 797 ( 1996 ).
[Crossref]

1972 (1)

P. B. Johnson and R. W. Christy , “ Optical constants of the nobel metals ,” Phys. Rev. B   6 , 4370 – 4379 ( 1972 ).
[Crossref]

Barnes, W. L.

W. L. Barnes , A. Dereux , and T. W. Ebbesen , “ Surface plasmon subwavelength optics ,” Nature   424 , 824 – 830 ( 2003 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Basov, D. N.

T. J. Yen , W. J. Padilla , N. Fang , D. C. Vier , D. R. Smith , J. B. Pendry , D. N. Basov , and X. Zhang , “ Terahertz magnetic response from artficial materials ,” Science   303 , 1494 – 1496 ( 2004 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Bohren, C. F.

C. F. Bohren and D. R. Huffman , Absorption and Scattering of Light by Small Particles ( John Wiley , 1983 ).

Bozhevolnyi, S. I.

S. I. Bozhevolnyi , V. S. Volkov , E. Devaux , J.-Y Laluet , and T. W. Ebbesen , “ Channel plasmon subwavelength waveguide components including interferometers and ring resonators ,” Science   440 , 508 – 511 ( 2006 ).

Brueck, S. R. J.

S. Zhang , W. Fan , N. C. Panoiu , K. J. Malloy , R. M. Osgood , and S. R. J. Brueck , “ Exeprimental demonstration of near-Infrared negative-index metamaterials ,” Phys. Rev. Lett.   95 , 137404 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Burger, S.

C. Enkrich , M. Wegener , S. Linden , S. Burger , L. Zschiedrich , F. Schmidt , J. F. Zhou , Th. Koschny , and C. M. Soukoulis , “ Magnetic metamaterials at telecommunication and visible frequencies ,” Phys. Rev. Lett.   95 , 203901 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Cai, W.

V. P. Drachev , W. Cai , U. K. Chettiar , H. -K. Yuan , A. K. Sarychev , A. V. Kildishev , G. Klimeck , and V. M. Shalaev , “ Experimental verification of an optical negative index material ,” Laser Phys. Lett.   3 , 49 – 55 ( 2006 ).
[Crossref]

V. M. Shalaev , W. Cai , U. K. Chettiar , H. -K. Yuan , A. K. Sarychev , V. P. Drachev , and A. V. Kildishev “ Negative index of refraction in optical metamaterials ,” Opt. Lett.   30 , 3356 – 3358 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref]

Chettiar, U. K.

V. P. Drachev , W. Cai , U. K. Chettiar , H. -K. Yuan , A. K. Sarychev , A. V. Kildishev , G. Klimeck , and V. M. Shalaev , “ Experimental verification of an optical negative index material ,” Laser Phys. Lett.   3 , 49 – 55 ( 2006 ).
[Crossref]

V. M. Shalaev , W. Cai , U. K. Chettiar , H. -K. Yuan , A. K. Sarychev , V. P. Drachev , and A. V. Kildishev “ Negative index of refraction in optical metamaterials ,” Opt. Lett.   30 , 3356 – 3358 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref]

Christy, R. W.

P. B. Johnson and R. W. Christy , “ Optical constants of the nobel metals ,” Phys. Rev. B   6 , 4370 – 4379 ( 1972 ).
[Crossref]

Dereux, A.

W. L. Barnes , A. Dereux , and T. W. Ebbesen , “ Surface plasmon subwavelength optics ,” Nature   424 , 824 – 830 ( 2003 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Devaux, E.

S. I. Bozhevolnyi , V. S. Volkov , E. Devaux , J.-Y Laluet , and T. W. Ebbesen , “ Channel plasmon subwavelength waveguide components including interferometers and ring resonators ,” Science   440 , 508 – 511 ( 2006 ).

Dmitriev, A.

A. Dmitriev , T. Pakizeh , M. Käll , and D. S. Sutherland , “ Surface plasmon hybridization in gold-silica-goldnanosandwiches ,” Nano Lett., submitted , ( 2006 ).

Drachev, V. P.

V. P. Drachev , W. Cai , U. K. Chettiar , H. -K. Yuan , A. K. Sarychev , A. V. Kildishev , G. Klimeck , and V. M. Shalaev , “ Experimental verification of an optical negative index material ,” Laser Phys. Lett.   3 , 49 – 55 ( 2006 ).
[Crossref]

V. M. Shalaev , W. Cai , U. K. Chettiar , H. -K. Yuan , A. K. Sarychev , V. P. Drachev , and A. V. Kildishev “ Negative index of refraction in optical metamaterials ,” Opt. Lett.   30 , 3356 – 3358 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref]

Ebbesen, T. W.

S. I. Bozhevolnyi , V. S. Volkov , E. Devaux , J.-Y Laluet , and T. W. Ebbesen , “ Channel plasmon subwavelength waveguide components including interferometers and ring resonators ,” Science   440 , 508 – 511 ( 2006 ).

W. L. Barnes , A. Dereux , and T. W. Ebbesen , “ Surface plasmon subwavelength optics ,” Nature   424 , 824 – 830 ( 2003 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Enkrich, C.

C. Enkrich , M. Wegener , S. Linden , S. Burger , L. Zschiedrich , F. Schmidt , J. F. Zhou , Th. Koschny , and C. M. Soukoulis , “ Magnetic metamaterials at telecommunication and visible frequencies ,” Phys. Rev. Lett.   95 , 203901 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Linden , C. Enkrich , M. Wegener , J. Zhou , T. Koschny , and C. Soukoulis , “ Magentic response of metamaterials at 100 terahertz ,” Science   306 , 1351 – 1353 ( 2004 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Fan, G. X.

G. X. Fan and Q. H. Liu , “ An FDTD algorithm with perfectly matched layers for general dispersive media ,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag.   48 , 637 – 646 ( 2000 ).
[Crossref]

Fan, W.

S. Zhang , W. Fan , N. C. Panoiu , K. J. Malloy , R. M. Osgood , and S. R. J. Brueck , “ Exeprimental demonstration of near-Infrared negative-index metamaterials ,” Phys. Rev. Lett.   95 , 137404 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Fang, N.

T. J. Yen , W. J. Padilla , N. Fang , D. C. Vier , D. R. Smith , J. B. Pendry , D. N. Basov , and X. Zhang , “ Terahertz magnetic response from artficial materials ,” Science   303 , 1494 – 1496 ( 2004 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Firsov, A. A.

A. N. Grigorenko , A. K. Geim , H. F. Gleeson , Y. Zhang , A. A. Firsov , I. Y. Khrushchev , and J. Petrovic , “ Nanofabricated media with negative permeability at visible frequencies ,” Nature   438 , 335 – 338 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Geim, A. K.

A. N. Grigorenko , A. K. Geim , H. F. Gleeson , Y. Zhang , A. A. Firsov , I. Y. Khrushchev , and J. Petrovic , “ Nanofabricated media with negative permeability at visible frequencies ,” Nature   438 , 335 – 338 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Gleeson, H. F.

A. N. Grigorenko , A. K. Geim , H. F. Gleeson , Y. Zhang , A. A. Firsov , I. Y. Khrushchev , and J. Petrovic , “ Nanofabricated media with negative permeability at visible frequencies ,” Nature   438 , 335 – 338 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Grigorenko, A. N.

A. N. Grigorenko , A. K. Geim , H. F. Gleeson , Y. Zhang , A. A. Firsov , I. Y. Khrushchev , and J. Petrovic , “ Nanofabricated media with negative permeability at visible frequencies ,” Nature   438 , 335 – 338 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Gunnarsson, L.

L. Gunnarsson , T. Rindzevicius , J. Prikulis , B. Kasemo , M. Käll , S. Zou , and G. C. Schatz , “ Confined plasmons in nanofabricated single silver particles pairs: experimental observation of strong interparticle interactions ,” J. Phys. Chem. B   109 , 1079 – 1087 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref]

Hagness, S. C.

A. Taflove and S. C. Hagness , Computaional Electrodynamics: The Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method ( Artech House , 2005 ).

Hanarp, P.

P. Hanarp , M. Käll , and D. S. Sutherland , “ Optical properties of short range ordered arrays of nanometer gold disks prepared by colloidal lithography ,” J. Phys. Chem. B   107 , 5768 – 5772 ( 2003 ).
[Crossref]

Huffman, D. R.

C. F. Bohren and D. R. Huffman , Absorption and Scattering of Light by Small Particles ( John Wiley , 1983 ).

Johnson, P. B.

P. B. Johnson and R. W. Christy , “ Optical constants of the nobel metals ,” Phys. Rev. B   6 , 4370 – 4379 ( 1972 ).
[Crossref]

Käll, M.

L. Gunnarsson , T. Rindzevicius , J. Prikulis , B. Kasemo , M. Käll , S. Zou , and G. C. Schatz , “ Confined plasmons in nanofabricated single silver particles pairs: experimental observation of strong interparticle interactions ,” J. Phys. Chem. B   109 , 1079 – 1087 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref]

P. Hanarp , M. Käll , and D. S. Sutherland , “ Optical properties of short range ordered arrays of nanometer gold disks prepared by colloidal lithography ,” J. Phys. Chem. B   107 , 5768 – 5772 ( 2003 ).
[Crossref]

A. Dmitriev , T. Pakizeh , M. Käll , and D. S. Sutherland , “ Surface plasmon hybridization in gold-silica-goldnanosandwiches ,” Nano Lett., submitted , ( 2006 ).

Kasemo, B.

L. Gunnarsson , T. Rindzevicius , J. Prikulis , B. Kasemo , M. Käll , S. Zou , and G. C. Schatz , “ Confined plasmons in nanofabricated single silver particles pairs: experimental observation of strong interparticle interactions ,” J. Phys. Chem. B   109 , 1079 – 1087 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref]

Kelly, D. F.

D. F. Kelly and R. J. Luebbers , “ Piecewise linear recursive convolution for dispersive media using FDTD ,” IEEEb Trans. Antennas Propag.   44 , 792 – 797 ( 1996 ).
[Crossref]

Khrushchev, I. Y.

A. N. Grigorenko , A. K. Geim , H. F. Gleeson , Y. Zhang , A. A. Firsov , I. Y. Khrushchev , and J. Petrovic , “ Nanofabricated media with negative permeability at visible frequencies ,” Nature   438 , 335 – 338 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Kildishev, A. V.

V. P. Drachev , W. Cai , U. K. Chettiar , H. -K. Yuan , A. K. Sarychev , A. V. Kildishev , G. Klimeck , and V. M. Shalaev , “ Experimental verification of an optical negative index material ,” Laser Phys. Lett.   3 , 49 – 55 ( 2006 ).
[Crossref]

V. M. Shalaev , W. Cai , U. K. Chettiar , H. -K. Yuan , A. K. Sarychev , V. P. Drachev , and A. V. Kildishev “ Negative index of refraction in optical metamaterials ,” Opt. Lett.   30 , 3356 – 3358 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref]

Klimeck, G.

V. P. Drachev , W. Cai , U. K. Chettiar , H. -K. Yuan , A. K. Sarychev , A. V. Kildishev , G. Klimeck , and V. M. Shalaev , “ Experimental verification of an optical negative index material ,” Laser Phys. Lett.   3 , 49 – 55 ( 2006 ).
[Crossref]

Koschny, T.

S. Linden , C. Enkrich , M. Wegener , J. Zhou , T. Koschny , and C. Soukoulis , “ Magentic response of metamaterials at 100 terahertz ,” Science   306 , 1351 – 1353 ( 2004 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Koschny, Th.

C. Enkrich , M. Wegener , S. Linden , S. Burger , L. Zschiedrich , F. Schmidt , J. F. Zhou , Th. Koschny , and C. M. Soukoulis , “ Magnetic metamaterials at telecommunication and visible frequencies ,” Phys. Rev. Lett.   95 , 203901 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Kreibig, U.

U. Kreibig and M. Vollmer , Optical Properties of Metal Clusters ( Springer , 1995 ).

Laluet, J.-Y

S. I. Bozhevolnyi , V. S. Volkov , E. Devaux , J.-Y Laluet , and T. W. Ebbesen , “ Channel plasmon subwavelength waveguide components including interferometers and ring resonators ,” Science   440 , 508 – 511 ( 2006 ).

Linden, S.

C. Enkrich , M. Wegener , S. Linden , S. Burger , L. Zschiedrich , F. Schmidt , J. F. Zhou , Th. Koschny , and C. M. Soukoulis , “ Magnetic metamaterials at telecommunication and visible frequencies ,” Phys. Rev. Lett.   95 , 203901 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Linden , C. Enkrich , M. Wegener , J. Zhou , T. Koschny , and C. Soukoulis , “ Magentic response of metamaterials at 100 terahertz ,” Science   306 , 1351 – 1353 ( 2004 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Liu, Q. H.

G. X. Fan and Q. H. Liu , “ An FDTD algorithm with perfectly matched layers for general dispersive media ,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag.   48 , 637 – 646 ( 2000 ).
[Crossref]

Luebbers, R. J.

D. F. Kelly and R. J. Luebbers , “ Piecewise linear recursive convolution for dispersive media using FDTD ,” IEEEb Trans. Antennas Propag.   44 , 792 – 797 ( 1996 ).
[Crossref]

Malloy, K. J.

S. Zhang , W. Fan , N. C. Panoiu , K. J. Malloy , R. M. Osgood , and S. R. J. Brueck , “ Exeprimental demonstration of near-Infrared negative-index metamaterials ,” Phys. Rev. Lett.   95 , 137404 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Osgood, R. M.

S. Zhang , W. Fan , N. C. Panoiu , K. J. Malloy , R. M. Osgood , and S. R. J. Brueck , “ Exeprimental demonstration of near-Infrared negative-index metamaterials ,” Phys. Rev. Lett.   95 , 137404 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Ozbay, E.

E. Ozbay , “ Plasmonics: Merging photonics and electronics at nanoscale dimentions ,” Science   311 , 189 – 193 ( 2006 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Padilla, W. J.

T. J. Yen , W. J. Padilla , N. Fang , D. C. Vier , D. R. Smith , J. B. Pendry , D. N. Basov , and X. Zhang , “ Terahertz magnetic response from artficial materials ,” Science   303 , 1494 – 1496 ( 2004 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Pakizeh, T.

A. Dmitriev , T. Pakizeh , M. Käll , and D. S. Sutherland , “ Surface plasmon hybridization in gold-silica-goldnanosandwiches ,” Nano Lett., submitted , ( 2006 ).

Panoiu, N. C.

S. Zhang , W. Fan , N. C. Panoiu , K. J. Malloy , R. M. Osgood , and S. R. J. Brueck , “ Exeprimental demonstration of near-Infrared negative-index metamaterials ,” Phys. Rev. Lett.   95 , 137404 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Pendry, J. B.

T. J. Yen , W. J. Padilla , N. Fang , D. C. Vier , D. R. Smith , J. B. Pendry , D. N. Basov , and X. Zhang , “ Terahertz magnetic response from artficial materials ,” Science   303 , 1494 – 1496 ( 2004 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. R. Smith , J. B. Pendry , and M. C. K. Wiltshire , “ Metamaterials and negative refractive index ,” Science   305 , 788 – 792 ( 2004 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Petrovic, J.

A. N. Grigorenko , A. K. Geim , H. F. Gleeson , Y. Zhang , A. A. Firsov , I. Y. Khrushchev , and J. Petrovic , “ Nanofabricated media with negative permeability at visible frequencies ,” Nature   438 , 335 – 338 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Podolskiy, V. A.

Prikulis, J.

L. Gunnarsson , T. Rindzevicius , J. Prikulis , B. Kasemo , M. Käll , S. Zou , and G. C. Schatz , “ Confined plasmons in nanofabricated single silver particles pairs: experimental observation of strong interparticle interactions ,” J. Phys. Chem. B   109 , 1079 – 1087 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref]

Rindzevicius, T.

L. Gunnarsson , T. Rindzevicius , J. Prikulis , B. Kasemo , M. Käll , S. Zou , and G. C. Schatz , “ Confined plasmons in nanofabricated single silver particles pairs: experimental observation of strong interparticle interactions ,” J. Phys. Chem. B   109 , 1079 – 1087 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref]

Sarychev, A. K.

V. P. Drachev , W. Cai , U. K. Chettiar , H. -K. Yuan , A. K. Sarychev , A. V. Kildishev , G. Klimeck , and V. M. Shalaev , “ Experimental verification of an optical negative index material ,” Laser Phys. Lett.   3 , 49 – 55 ( 2006 ).
[Crossref]

A. K. Sarychev , G. Shvets , and V. M. Shalaev , “ Magnetic plasmon resonance ,” Phys. Rev. E   73 , 036609 ( 2006 ).
[Crossref]

V. M. Shalaev , W. Cai , U. K. Chettiar , H. -K. Yuan , A. K. Sarychev , V. P. Drachev , and A. V. Kildishev “ Negative index of refraction in optical metamaterials ,” Opt. Lett.   30 , 3356 – 3358 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref]

V. A. Podolskiy , A. K. Sarychev , and V. M. Shalaev , “ Plasmon modes and negative refraction in metal nanowire composites ,” Opt. Express   11 , 735 – 745 ( 2003 ), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-11-7-735 .
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Schatz, G. C.

L. Gunnarsson , T. Rindzevicius , J. Prikulis , B. Kasemo , M. Käll , S. Zou , and G. C. Schatz , “ Confined plasmons in nanofabricated single silver particles pairs: experimental observation of strong interparticle interactions ,” J. Phys. Chem. B   109 , 1079 – 1087 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref]

Schmidt, F.

C. Enkrich , M. Wegener , S. Linden , S. Burger , L. Zschiedrich , F. Schmidt , J. F. Zhou , Th. Koschny , and C. M. Soukoulis , “ Magnetic metamaterials at telecommunication and visible frequencies ,” Phys. Rev. Lett.   95 , 203901 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Shalaev, V. M.

V. P. Drachev , W. Cai , U. K. Chettiar , H. -K. Yuan , A. K. Sarychev , A. V. Kildishev , G. Klimeck , and V. M. Shalaev , “ Experimental verification of an optical negative index material ,” Laser Phys. Lett.   3 , 49 – 55 ( 2006 ).
[Crossref]

A. K. Sarychev , G. Shvets , and V. M. Shalaev , “ Magnetic plasmon resonance ,” Phys. Rev. E   73 , 036609 ( 2006 ).
[Crossref]

V. M. Shalaev , W. Cai , U. K. Chettiar , H. -K. Yuan , A. K. Sarychev , V. P. Drachev , and A. V. Kildishev “ Negative index of refraction in optical metamaterials ,” Opt. Lett.   30 , 3356 – 3358 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref]

V. A. Podolskiy , A. K. Sarychev , and V. M. Shalaev , “ Plasmon modes and negative refraction in metal nanowire composites ,” Opt. Express   11 , 735 – 745 ( 2003 ), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-11-7-735 .
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Shvets, G.

A. K. Sarychev , G. Shvets , and V. M. Shalaev , “ Magnetic plasmon resonance ,” Phys. Rev. E   73 , 036609 ( 2006 ).
[Crossref]

Smith, D. R.

D. R. Smith , J. B. Pendry , and M. C. K. Wiltshire , “ Metamaterials and negative refractive index ,” Science   305 , 788 – 792 ( 2004 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. J. Yen , W. J. Padilla , N. Fang , D. C. Vier , D. R. Smith , J. B. Pendry , D. N. Basov , and X. Zhang , “ Terahertz magnetic response from artficial materials ,” Science   303 , 1494 – 1496 ( 2004 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Soukoulis, C.

S. Linden , C. Enkrich , M. Wegener , J. Zhou , T. Koschny , and C. Soukoulis , “ Magentic response of metamaterials at 100 terahertz ,” Science   306 , 1351 – 1353 ( 2004 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Soukoulis, C. M.

C. Enkrich , M. Wegener , S. Linden , S. Burger , L. Zschiedrich , F. Schmidt , J. F. Zhou , Th. Koschny , and C. M. Soukoulis , “ Magnetic metamaterials at telecommunication and visible frequencies ,” Phys. Rev. Lett.   95 , 203901 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Sullivan, D. M.

D. M. Sullivan , Electromagnetic Simulation Using the FDTD Method ( IEEE Press , > 2000 ).
[Crossref]

Sutherland, D. S.

P. Hanarp , M. Käll , and D. S. Sutherland , “ Optical properties of short range ordered arrays of nanometer gold disks prepared by colloidal lithography ,” J. Phys. Chem. B   107 , 5768 – 5772 ( 2003 ).
[Crossref]

A. Dmitriev , T. Pakizeh , M. Käll , and D. S. Sutherland , “ Surface plasmon hybridization in gold-silica-goldnanosandwiches ,” Nano Lett., submitted , ( 2006 ).

Taflove, A.

A. Taflove and S. C. Hagness , Computaional Electrodynamics: The Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method ( Artech House , 2005 ).

Vier, D. C.

T. J. Yen , W. J. Padilla , N. Fang , D. C. Vier , D. R. Smith , J. B. Pendry , D. N. Basov , and X. Zhang , “ Terahertz magnetic response from artficial materials ,” Science   303 , 1494 – 1496 ( 2004 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Volkov, V. S.

S. I. Bozhevolnyi , V. S. Volkov , E. Devaux , J.-Y Laluet , and T. W. Ebbesen , “ Channel plasmon subwavelength waveguide components including interferometers and ring resonators ,” Science   440 , 508 – 511 ( 2006 ).

Vollmer, M.

U. Kreibig and M. Vollmer , Optical Properties of Metal Clusters ( Springer , 1995 ).

Wegener, M.

C. Enkrich , M. Wegener , S. Linden , S. Burger , L. Zschiedrich , F. Schmidt , J. F. Zhou , Th. Koschny , and C. M. Soukoulis , “ Magnetic metamaterials at telecommunication and visible frequencies ,” Phys. Rev. Lett.   95 , 203901 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Linden , C. Enkrich , M. Wegener , J. Zhou , T. Koschny , and C. Soukoulis , “ Magentic response of metamaterials at 100 terahertz ,” Science   306 , 1351 – 1353 ( 2004 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Wiltshire, M. C. K.

D. R. Smith , J. B. Pendry , and M. C. K. Wiltshire , “ Metamaterials and negative refractive index ,” Science   305 , 788 – 792 ( 2004 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Yen, T. J.

T. J. Yen , W. J. Padilla , N. Fang , D. C. Vier , D. R. Smith , J. B. Pendry , D. N. Basov , and X. Zhang , “ Terahertz magnetic response from artficial materials ,” Science   303 , 1494 – 1496 ( 2004 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Yuan, H. -K.

V. P. Drachev , W. Cai , U. K. Chettiar , H. -K. Yuan , A. K. Sarychev , A. V. Kildishev , G. Klimeck , and V. M. Shalaev , “ Experimental verification of an optical negative index material ,” Laser Phys. Lett.   3 , 49 – 55 ( 2006 ).
[Crossref]

V. M. Shalaev , W. Cai , U. K. Chettiar , H. -K. Yuan , A. K. Sarychev , V. P. Drachev , and A. V. Kildishev “ Negative index of refraction in optical metamaterials ,” Opt. Lett.   30 , 3356 – 3358 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref]

Zhang, S.

S. Zhang , W. Fan , N. C. Panoiu , K. J. Malloy , R. M. Osgood , and S. R. J. Brueck , “ Exeprimental demonstration of near-Infrared negative-index metamaterials ,” Phys. Rev. Lett.   95 , 137404 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Zhang, X.

T. J. Yen , W. J. Padilla , N. Fang , D. C. Vier , D. R. Smith , J. B. Pendry , D. N. Basov , and X. Zhang , “ Terahertz magnetic response from artficial materials ,” Science   303 , 1494 – 1496 ( 2004 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Zhang, Y.

A. N. Grigorenko , A. K. Geim , H. F. Gleeson , Y. Zhang , A. A. Firsov , I. Y. Khrushchev , and J. Petrovic , “ Nanofabricated media with negative permeability at visible frequencies ,” Nature   438 , 335 – 338 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Zhou, J.

S. Linden , C. Enkrich , M. Wegener , J. Zhou , T. Koschny , and C. Soukoulis , “ Magentic response of metamaterials at 100 terahertz ,” Science   306 , 1351 – 1353 ( 2004 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Zhou, J. F.

C. Enkrich , M. Wegener , S. Linden , S. Burger , L. Zschiedrich , F. Schmidt , J. F. Zhou , Th. Koschny , and C. M. Soukoulis , “ Magnetic metamaterials at telecommunication and visible frequencies ,” Phys. Rev. Lett.   95 , 203901 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Zou, S.

L. Gunnarsson , T. Rindzevicius , J. Prikulis , B. Kasemo , M. Käll , S. Zou , and G. C. Schatz , “ Confined plasmons in nanofabricated single silver particles pairs: experimental observation of strong interparticle interactions ,” J. Phys. Chem. B   109 , 1079 – 1087 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref]

Zschiedrich, L.

C. Enkrich , M. Wegener , S. Linden , S. Burger , L. Zschiedrich , F. Schmidt , J. F. Zhou , Th. Koschny , and C. M. Soukoulis , “ Magnetic metamaterials at telecommunication and visible frequencies ,” Phys. Rev. Lett.   95 , 203901 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. (1)

G. X. Fan and Q. H. Liu , “ An FDTD algorithm with perfectly matched layers for general dispersive media ,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag.   48 , 637 – 646 ( 2000 ).
[Crossref]

IEEEb Trans. Antennas Propag. (1)

D. F. Kelly and R. J. Luebbers , “ Piecewise linear recursive convolution for dispersive media using FDTD ,” IEEEb Trans. Antennas Propag.   44 , 792 – 797 ( 1996 ).
[Crossref]

J. Phys. Chem. B (2)

L. Gunnarsson , T. Rindzevicius , J. Prikulis , B. Kasemo , M. Käll , S. Zou , and G. C. Schatz , “ Confined plasmons in nanofabricated single silver particles pairs: experimental observation of strong interparticle interactions ,” J. Phys. Chem. B   109 , 1079 – 1087 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref]

P. Hanarp , M. Käll , and D. S. Sutherland , “ Optical properties of short range ordered arrays of nanometer gold disks prepared by colloidal lithography ,” J. Phys. Chem. B   107 , 5768 – 5772 ( 2003 ).
[Crossref]

Laser Phys. Lett. (1)

V. P. Drachev , W. Cai , U. K. Chettiar , H. -K. Yuan , A. K. Sarychev , A. V. Kildishev , G. Klimeck , and V. M. Shalaev , “ Experimental verification of an optical negative index material ,” Laser Phys. Lett.   3 , 49 – 55 ( 2006 ).
[Crossref]

Nature (2)

W. L. Barnes , A. Dereux , and T. W. Ebbesen , “ Surface plasmon subwavelength optics ,” Nature   424 , 824 – 830 ( 2003 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. N. Grigorenko , A. K. Geim , H. F. Gleeson , Y. Zhang , A. A. Firsov , I. Y. Khrushchev , and J. Petrovic , “ Nanofabricated media with negative permeability at visible frequencies ,” Nature   438 , 335 – 338 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Opt. Express (1)

Opt. Lett. (1)

Phys. Rev. B (1)

P. B. Johnson and R. W. Christy , “ Optical constants of the nobel metals ,” Phys. Rev. B   6 , 4370 – 4379 ( 1972 ).
[Crossref]

Phys. Rev. E (1)

A. K. Sarychev , G. Shvets , and V. M. Shalaev , “ Magnetic plasmon resonance ,” Phys. Rev. E   73 , 036609 ( 2006 ).
[Crossref]

Phys. Rev. Lett. (2)

C. Enkrich , M. Wegener , S. Linden , S. Burger , L. Zschiedrich , F. Schmidt , J. F. Zhou , Th. Koschny , and C. M. Soukoulis , “ Magnetic metamaterials at telecommunication and visible frequencies ,” Phys. Rev. Lett.   95 , 203901 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Zhang , W. Fan , N. C. Panoiu , K. J. Malloy , R. M. Osgood , and S. R. J. Brueck , “ Exeprimental demonstration of near-Infrared negative-index metamaterials ,” Phys. Rev. Lett.   95 , 137404 ( 2005 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Science (5)

T. J. Yen , W. J. Padilla , N. Fang , D. C. Vier , D. R. Smith , J. B. Pendry , D. N. Basov , and X. Zhang , “ Terahertz magnetic response from artficial materials ,” Science   303 , 1494 – 1496 ( 2004 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Linden , C. Enkrich , M. Wegener , J. Zhou , T. Koschny , and C. Soukoulis , “ Magentic response of metamaterials at 100 terahertz ,” Science   306 , 1351 – 1353 ( 2004 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

E. Ozbay , “ Plasmonics: Merging photonics and electronics at nanoscale dimentions ,” Science   311 , 189 – 193 ( 2006 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. I. Bozhevolnyi , V. S. Volkov , E. Devaux , J.-Y Laluet , and T. W. Ebbesen , “ Channel plasmon subwavelength waveguide components including interferometers and ring resonators ,” Science   440 , 508 – 511 ( 2006 ).

D. R. Smith , J. B. Pendry , and M. C. K. Wiltshire , “ Metamaterials and negative refractive index ,” Science   305 , 788 – 792 ( 2004 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Other (5)

A. Dmitriev , T. Pakizeh , M. Käll , and D. S. Sutherland , “ Surface plasmon hybridization in gold-silica-goldnanosandwiches ,” Nano Lett., submitted , ( 2006 ).

C. F. Bohren and D. R. Huffman , Absorption and Scattering of Light by Small Particles ( John Wiley , 1983 ).

U. Kreibig and M. Vollmer , Optical Properties of Metal Clusters ( Springer , 1995 ).

A. Taflove and S. C. Hagness , Computaional Electrodynamics: The Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method ( Artech House , 2005 ).

D. M. Sullivan , Electromagnetic Simulation Using the FDTD Method ( IEEE Press , > 2000 ).
[Crossref]

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Figures (4)

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.

Schematic illustration of the studied system. Two closely spaced Au nanodisks (separation d) with degenerate LSP resonance frequencies ω 0 interact vertically in the “end-fire” illumination configuration. The coupling results in two hybridized LSP modes associated with a net electric dipole moment (ω+) and a net magnetic dipole moment (ω+).

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.

Electric (Ex ) and magnetic (Hy ) fields around Au nanodisks illuminated in the end-fire configuration (disk diameters - 88 nm, thicknesses - 24 nm). (a) Field enhancement plots for d =300 nm together with intensity enhancement spectra at two different locations (lower graph; blue and red curves for magnetic and electric fields, respectively). (b) Same as in (a), but for an inter-disk separation of d =32 nm.

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.

Electric-field phase variation along a line parallel to the z-axis, 4 nm from the side of sandwich in the xy-plane, for the two resonance wavelengths at 575 nm - blue curve, at 700 nm - red curve. The nanodisk position are shown schematically in the background.

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4.

(a) Differential far-field scattering spectra along the three coordinate axis for the same sandwich structure as in Fig. 2b). (b) Spectral peak position and corresponding magnetic intensity enhancement factor at the mid point between the disks vs. inter-disk separation. (c) Magnetic-field intensity-enhancement vs. peak-shift relative to the non-hybridized system.

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