Abstract

By the combination of multimode interference and photonic crystals, a broad-band 1.3/1.55-µm demultiplexer can be realized with very compact structure. Simulation with the finite-difference time domain method verifies its excellent performance, greater than 20dB isolation ratio and less than 3 dB insertion loss over 100nm bandwidth at both wavelength bands.

©2006 Optical Society of America

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References

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  1. B. Li, G. Li, E. Liu, Z. Jiang, J. Oin, and X. Wang, “Low-loss 1×2 multimode interference wavelength demultiplexer in silicon-germanium alloy,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 11, 575–577 (1999).
    [Crossref]
  2. B. Li, S. J. Chua, C. W. Leitz, and E. A. Fitzgerald, “1x2 optical waveguide filters based on multimode interference for 1.3-and 1.55-µm operation,” Opt. Eng. 41, 723–727 (2002).
    [Crossref]
  3. M. R. Paiam, C. F. Janz, R. I. MacDonald, and J. N. Broughton, “Compact planar 980/1550-nm wavelength multi/demultiplexer based on multimode interfence,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 7, 1180–1182 (1995).
    [Crossref]
  4. K. Hattori, T. Kitagawa, M. Oguma, Y. Ohmori, and M. Horiguchi, “Erbium-doped silica-based waveguide amplifier integrated with a 980/1530 nm WDM coupler,” Electron. Lett. 30, 856–857 (1994).
    [Crossref]
  5. H. Sasaki, E. Shiki, and N. Mikoshiba, “Propagation characteristics of optical guided waves in asymmetric branching waveguides,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. QE-17, 1051–1058 (1981).
    [Crossref]
  6. C. Kostrzewa and K. Petermann, “Bandwidth optimization of optical add/drop multiplexers using cascaded couplers and Mach-Zehnder sections,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 7, 902–904 (1995).
    [Crossref]
  7. T. Augustsson, “Bragg grating-assisted MMI-coupler for add-drop multiplexing,” J. Lightwave Technol. 16, 1517–1522 (1998).
    [Crossref]
  8. Y.-J. Lin and S.-L Lee, “Inp-based 1.3/1.55µm wavelength demultiplexer with multimode interference and chirped grating,” Optical and Quantum Electron. 34, 1201–1212 (2002).
    [Crossref]
  9. L. B. Soldano and E. C. M. Pennings, “Optical multi-mode interference devices based on self-imaging: principles and applications,” J. Lightwave Technol. 13, 615–627 (1995).
    [Crossref]
  10. A. Sharkawy, S. Shi, and D. W. Prather, “Electro-optical switching using coupled photonic crystal waveguides,” Opt. Express 10, 1048–1058 (2002).
    [PubMed]
  11. T. Baba and D. Ohsaki, “Interfaces of photonic crystals for high efficiency light transmission,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 40, 5920–5924 (2001).
    [Crossref]

2002 (3)

B. Li, S. J. Chua, C. W. Leitz, and E. A. Fitzgerald, “1x2 optical waveguide filters based on multimode interference for 1.3-and 1.55-µm operation,” Opt. Eng. 41, 723–727 (2002).
[Crossref]

Y.-J. Lin and S.-L Lee, “Inp-based 1.3/1.55µm wavelength demultiplexer with multimode interference and chirped grating,” Optical and Quantum Electron. 34, 1201–1212 (2002).
[Crossref]

A. Sharkawy, S. Shi, and D. W. Prather, “Electro-optical switching using coupled photonic crystal waveguides,” Opt. Express 10, 1048–1058 (2002).
[PubMed]

2001 (1)

T. Baba and D. Ohsaki, “Interfaces of photonic crystals for high efficiency light transmission,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 40, 5920–5924 (2001).
[Crossref]

1999 (1)

B. Li, G. Li, E. Liu, Z. Jiang, J. Oin, and X. Wang, “Low-loss 1×2 multimode interference wavelength demultiplexer in silicon-germanium alloy,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 11, 575–577 (1999).
[Crossref]

1998 (1)

1995 (3)

C. Kostrzewa and K. Petermann, “Bandwidth optimization of optical add/drop multiplexers using cascaded couplers and Mach-Zehnder sections,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 7, 902–904 (1995).
[Crossref]

L. B. Soldano and E. C. M. Pennings, “Optical multi-mode interference devices based on self-imaging: principles and applications,” J. Lightwave Technol. 13, 615–627 (1995).
[Crossref]

M. R. Paiam, C. F. Janz, R. I. MacDonald, and J. N. Broughton, “Compact planar 980/1550-nm wavelength multi/demultiplexer based on multimode interfence,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 7, 1180–1182 (1995).
[Crossref]

1994 (1)

K. Hattori, T. Kitagawa, M. Oguma, Y. Ohmori, and M. Horiguchi, “Erbium-doped silica-based waveguide amplifier integrated with a 980/1530 nm WDM coupler,” Electron. Lett. 30, 856–857 (1994).
[Crossref]

1981 (1)

H. Sasaki, E. Shiki, and N. Mikoshiba, “Propagation characteristics of optical guided waves in asymmetric branching waveguides,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. QE-17, 1051–1058 (1981).
[Crossref]

Augustsson, T.

Baba, T.

T. Baba and D. Ohsaki, “Interfaces of photonic crystals for high efficiency light transmission,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 40, 5920–5924 (2001).
[Crossref]

Broughton, J. N.

M. R. Paiam, C. F. Janz, R. I. MacDonald, and J. N. Broughton, “Compact planar 980/1550-nm wavelength multi/demultiplexer based on multimode interfence,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 7, 1180–1182 (1995).
[Crossref]

Chua, S. J.

B. Li, S. J. Chua, C. W. Leitz, and E. A. Fitzgerald, “1x2 optical waveguide filters based on multimode interference for 1.3-and 1.55-µm operation,” Opt. Eng. 41, 723–727 (2002).
[Crossref]

Fitzgerald, E. A.

B. Li, S. J. Chua, C. W. Leitz, and E. A. Fitzgerald, “1x2 optical waveguide filters based on multimode interference for 1.3-and 1.55-µm operation,” Opt. Eng. 41, 723–727 (2002).
[Crossref]

Hattori, K.

K. Hattori, T. Kitagawa, M. Oguma, Y. Ohmori, and M. Horiguchi, “Erbium-doped silica-based waveguide amplifier integrated with a 980/1530 nm WDM coupler,” Electron. Lett. 30, 856–857 (1994).
[Crossref]

Horiguchi, M.

K. Hattori, T. Kitagawa, M. Oguma, Y. Ohmori, and M. Horiguchi, “Erbium-doped silica-based waveguide amplifier integrated with a 980/1530 nm WDM coupler,” Electron. Lett. 30, 856–857 (1994).
[Crossref]

Janz, C. F.

M. R. Paiam, C. F. Janz, R. I. MacDonald, and J. N. Broughton, “Compact planar 980/1550-nm wavelength multi/demultiplexer based on multimode interfence,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 7, 1180–1182 (1995).
[Crossref]

Jiang, Z.

B. Li, G. Li, E. Liu, Z. Jiang, J. Oin, and X. Wang, “Low-loss 1×2 multimode interference wavelength demultiplexer in silicon-germanium alloy,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 11, 575–577 (1999).
[Crossref]

Kitagawa, T.

K. Hattori, T. Kitagawa, M. Oguma, Y. Ohmori, and M. Horiguchi, “Erbium-doped silica-based waveguide amplifier integrated with a 980/1530 nm WDM coupler,” Electron. Lett. 30, 856–857 (1994).
[Crossref]

Kostrzewa, C.

C. Kostrzewa and K. Petermann, “Bandwidth optimization of optical add/drop multiplexers using cascaded couplers and Mach-Zehnder sections,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 7, 902–904 (1995).
[Crossref]

Lee, S.-L

Y.-J. Lin and S.-L Lee, “Inp-based 1.3/1.55µm wavelength demultiplexer with multimode interference and chirped grating,” Optical and Quantum Electron. 34, 1201–1212 (2002).
[Crossref]

Leitz, C. W.

B. Li, S. J. Chua, C. W. Leitz, and E. A. Fitzgerald, “1x2 optical waveguide filters based on multimode interference for 1.3-and 1.55-µm operation,” Opt. Eng. 41, 723–727 (2002).
[Crossref]

Li, B.

B. Li, S. J. Chua, C. W. Leitz, and E. A. Fitzgerald, “1x2 optical waveguide filters based on multimode interference for 1.3-and 1.55-µm operation,” Opt. Eng. 41, 723–727 (2002).
[Crossref]

B. Li, G. Li, E. Liu, Z. Jiang, J. Oin, and X. Wang, “Low-loss 1×2 multimode interference wavelength demultiplexer in silicon-germanium alloy,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 11, 575–577 (1999).
[Crossref]

Li, G.

B. Li, G. Li, E. Liu, Z. Jiang, J. Oin, and X. Wang, “Low-loss 1×2 multimode interference wavelength demultiplexer in silicon-germanium alloy,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 11, 575–577 (1999).
[Crossref]

Lin, Y.-J.

Y.-J. Lin and S.-L Lee, “Inp-based 1.3/1.55µm wavelength demultiplexer with multimode interference and chirped grating,” Optical and Quantum Electron. 34, 1201–1212 (2002).
[Crossref]

Liu, E.

B. Li, G. Li, E. Liu, Z. Jiang, J. Oin, and X. Wang, “Low-loss 1×2 multimode interference wavelength demultiplexer in silicon-germanium alloy,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 11, 575–577 (1999).
[Crossref]

MacDonald, R. I.

M. R. Paiam, C. F. Janz, R. I. MacDonald, and J. N. Broughton, “Compact planar 980/1550-nm wavelength multi/demultiplexer based on multimode interfence,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 7, 1180–1182 (1995).
[Crossref]

Mikoshiba, N.

H. Sasaki, E. Shiki, and N. Mikoshiba, “Propagation characteristics of optical guided waves in asymmetric branching waveguides,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. QE-17, 1051–1058 (1981).
[Crossref]

Oguma, M.

K. Hattori, T. Kitagawa, M. Oguma, Y. Ohmori, and M. Horiguchi, “Erbium-doped silica-based waveguide amplifier integrated with a 980/1530 nm WDM coupler,” Electron. Lett. 30, 856–857 (1994).
[Crossref]

Ohmori, Y.

K. Hattori, T. Kitagawa, M. Oguma, Y. Ohmori, and M. Horiguchi, “Erbium-doped silica-based waveguide amplifier integrated with a 980/1530 nm WDM coupler,” Electron. Lett. 30, 856–857 (1994).
[Crossref]

Ohsaki, D.

T. Baba and D. Ohsaki, “Interfaces of photonic crystals for high efficiency light transmission,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 40, 5920–5924 (2001).
[Crossref]

Oin, J.

B. Li, G. Li, E. Liu, Z. Jiang, J. Oin, and X. Wang, “Low-loss 1×2 multimode interference wavelength demultiplexer in silicon-germanium alloy,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 11, 575–577 (1999).
[Crossref]

Paiam, M. R.

M. R. Paiam, C. F. Janz, R. I. MacDonald, and J. N. Broughton, “Compact planar 980/1550-nm wavelength multi/demultiplexer based on multimode interfence,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 7, 1180–1182 (1995).
[Crossref]

Pennings, E. C. M.

L. B. Soldano and E. C. M. Pennings, “Optical multi-mode interference devices based on self-imaging: principles and applications,” J. Lightwave Technol. 13, 615–627 (1995).
[Crossref]

Petermann, K.

C. Kostrzewa and K. Petermann, “Bandwidth optimization of optical add/drop multiplexers using cascaded couplers and Mach-Zehnder sections,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 7, 902–904 (1995).
[Crossref]

Prather, D. W.

Sasaki, H.

H. Sasaki, E. Shiki, and N. Mikoshiba, “Propagation characteristics of optical guided waves in asymmetric branching waveguides,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. QE-17, 1051–1058 (1981).
[Crossref]

Sharkawy, A.

Shi, S.

Shiki, E.

H. Sasaki, E. Shiki, and N. Mikoshiba, “Propagation characteristics of optical guided waves in asymmetric branching waveguides,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. QE-17, 1051–1058 (1981).
[Crossref]

Soldano, L. B.

L. B. Soldano and E. C. M. Pennings, “Optical multi-mode interference devices based on self-imaging: principles and applications,” J. Lightwave Technol. 13, 615–627 (1995).
[Crossref]

Wang, X.

B. Li, G. Li, E. Liu, Z. Jiang, J. Oin, and X. Wang, “Low-loss 1×2 multimode interference wavelength demultiplexer in silicon-germanium alloy,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 11, 575–577 (1999).
[Crossref]

Electron. Lett. (1)

K. Hattori, T. Kitagawa, M. Oguma, Y. Ohmori, and M. Horiguchi, “Erbium-doped silica-based waveguide amplifier integrated with a 980/1530 nm WDM coupler,” Electron. Lett. 30, 856–857 (1994).
[Crossref]

IEEE J. Quantum Electron. (1)

H. Sasaki, E. Shiki, and N. Mikoshiba, “Propagation characteristics of optical guided waves in asymmetric branching waveguides,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. QE-17, 1051–1058 (1981).
[Crossref]

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. (3)

C. Kostrzewa and K. Petermann, “Bandwidth optimization of optical add/drop multiplexers using cascaded couplers and Mach-Zehnder sections,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 7, 902–904 (1995).
[Crossref]

B. Li, G. Li, E. Liu, Z. Jiang, J. Oin, and X. Wang, “Low-loss 1×2 multimode interference wavelength demultiplexer in silicon-germanium alloy,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 11, 575–577 (1999).
[Crossref]

M. R. Paiam, C. F. Janz, R. I. MacDonald, and J. N. Broughton, “Compact planar 980/1550-nm wavelength multi/demultiplexer based on multimode interfence,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 7, 1180–1182 (1995).
[Crossref]

J. Lightwave Technol. (2)

T. Augustsson, “Bragg grating-assisted MMI-coupler for add-drop multiplexing,” J. Lightwave Technol. 16, 1517–1522 (1998).
[Crossref]

L. B. Soldano and E. C. M. Pennings, “Optical multi-mode interference devices based on self-imaging: principles and applications,” J. Lightwave Technol. 13, 615–627 (1995).
[Crossref]

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. (1)

T. Baba and D. Ohsaki, “Interfaces of photonic crystals for high efficiency light transmission,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 40, 5920–5924 (2001).
[Crossref]

Opt. Eng. (1)

B. Li, S. J. Chua, C. W. Leitz, and E. A. Fitzgerald, “1x2 optical waveguide filters based on multimode interference for 1.3-and 1.55-µm operation,” Opt. Eng. 41, 723–727 (2002).
[Crossref]

Opt. Express (1)

Optical and Quantum Electron. (1)

Y.-J. Lin and S.-L Lee, “Inp-based 1.3/1.55µm wavelength demultiplexer with multimode interference and chirped grating,” Optical and Quantum Electron. 34, 1201–1212 (2002).
[Crossref]

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Figures (3)

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. The schematic of PhC-assisted MMI wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexers

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. The field evolution for (a)1.3 and (b)1.55µm wavelengths along the MMI demultiplexer.

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. The simulated isolation ratio and insertion loss of the MMI demultiplexer as a function of the wavelengths.

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Equations (5)

Equations on this page are rendered with MathJax. Learn more.

Ψ ( x , z ) = ∑ m = 0 M − 1 c m ϕ m ( x ) exp [ j m ( m + 2 ) π L π z ]
Ψ t ( x , L d ) = ∑ m = 0 M − 1 t ( λ ) c m ϕ m [ j m ( m + 2 ) L π L d ] ≅ t ( λ ) Ψ 0 ( − x , 0 )
when L d = L π ( 1.3 )
Ψ t ( x , 0 ) = ∑ m = 0 M − 1 r ( λ ) c m ϕ m [ j m ( m + 2 ) L π 2 L eff ] ≅ r ( λ ) Ψ 0 ( − x , 0 )
when L eff = L π ( 1.55 ) ⁄ 2

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