Abstract

An integrated optical multisensor for organic pollutants has been realised, and characterised for a single analyte. The sensor exploits fluorescence immunoassay in the evanescent field of channel waveguides to enable rapid, simultaneous and high-sensitivity fluorescence detection of up to 32 pollutants in water. The chemical modification used to render the surface specific to analytes allows automatic regeneration for immediate reuse. The system has been demonstrated for the key pollutant estrone and a detection limit below 1 ng/L has been achieved.

© 2005 Optical Society of America

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References

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  1. A.F. Collings and F. Caruso, “Biosensors: recent advances,” Rep. Prog. Phys. 60, 1397–1445, (1997).
    [Crossref]
  2. G.L. Duveneck, A.P. Abel, M.A. Bopp, G.M. Kresbach, and M. Ehrat, “Planar waveguides for ultra-high sensitivity of the analysis of nucleic acids,” Anal. Chim. Acta 469, 49–61 (2002).
    [Crossref]
  3. F.S. Ligler, C.R. Taitt, L.C Shriver-Lake, K.E. Sapsford, Y. Shubin, and J.P. Golden, “Array biosensor for detection of toxins,” Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 377, 469–477 (2003).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  4. C.S. Burke, O. McGaughey, J.M. Sabattie, H. Barry, A.K. McEvoy, C. McDonagh, and B.D. MacCraith, “Development of an integrated optic oxygen sensor using a novel generic platform,” Analyst 130, 41–45 (2005).
    [Crossref]
  5. A. Miliou, H. Zhenguang, H.C. Cheng, R. Srivastava, and R.V. Ramaswamy, “Fiber-compatible K+-Na+ ionexchanged channel waveguides - fabrication and characterization,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 25, 1889–1897 (1989).
    [Crossref]
  6. R.D. Harris, G.R. Quigley, J.S. Wilkinson, A. Klotz, C. Barzen, A. Brecht, G. Gauglitz, and R. A. Abuknesha, “Waveguide immunofluorescence sensor for water pollution analysis,” Chemical Microsensors and Applications 3539, 27–35 (1989).
  7. J. Piehler, A.B., K.E. Geckeler, and G. Gauglitz, “Surface modification for direct immunoprobes,” Biosens. Bioelectron. 11, 579–90 (1996).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  8. J. Tschmelak, M. Kumpf, G. Proll, and G. Gauglitz, “Biosensor for seven sulphonamides in drinking, ground and surface water with difficult matrices,” Anal. Lett. 37, 1701–1718 (2004).
    [Crossref]

2005 (1)

C.S. Burke, O. McGaughey, J.M. Sabattie, H. Barry, A.K. McEvoy, C. McDonagh, and B.D. MacCraith, “Development of an integrated optic oxygen sensor using a novel generic platform,” Analyst 130, 41–45 (2005).
[Crossref]

2004 (1)

J. Tschmelak, M. Kumpf, G. Proll, and G. Gauglitz, “Biosensor for seven sulphonamides in drinking, ground and surface water with difficult matrices,” Anal. Lett. 37, 1701–1718 (2004).
[Crossref]

2003 (1)

F.S. Ligler, C.R. Taitt, L.C Shriver-Lake, K.E. Sapsford, Y. Shubin, and J.P. Golden, “Array biosensor for detection of toxins,” Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 377, 469–477 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2002 (1)

G.L. Duveneck, A.P. Abel, M.A. Bopp, G.M. Kresbach, and M. Ehrat, “Planar waveguides for ultra-high sensitivity of the analysis of nucleic acids,” Anal. Chim. Acta 469, 49–61 (2002).
[Crossref]

1997 (1)

A.F. Collings and F. Caruso, “Biosensors: recent advances,” Rep. Prog. Phys. 60, 1397–1445, (1997).
[Crossref]

1996 (1)

J. Piehler, A.B., K.E. Geckeler, and G. Gauglitz, “Surface modification for direct immunoprobes,” Biosens. Bioelectron. 11, 579–90 (1996).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

1989 (2)

A. Miliou, H. Zhenguang, H.C. Cheng, R. Srivastava, and R.V. Ramaswamy, “Fiber-compatible K+-Na+ ionexchanged channel waveguides - fabrication and characterization,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 25, 1889–1897 (1989).
[Crossref]

R.D. Harris, G.R. Quigley, J.S. Wilkinson, A. Klotz, C. Barzen, A. Brecht, G. Gauglitz, and R. A. Abuknesha, “Waveguide immunofluorescence sensor for water pollution analysis,” Chemical Microsensors and Applications 3539, 27–35 (1989).

A.B.,

J. Piehler, A.B., K.E. Geckeler, and G. Gauglitz, “Surface modification for direct immunoprobes,” Biosens. Bioelectron. 11, 579–90 (1996).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Abel, A.P.

G.L. Duveneck, A.P. Abel, M.A. Bopp, G.M. Kresbach, and M. Ehrat, “Planar waveguides for ultra-high sensitivity of the analysis of nucleic acids,” Anal. Chim. Acta 469, 49–61 (2002).
[Crossref]

Abuknesha, R. A.

R.D. Harris, G.R. Quigley, J.S. Wilkinson, A. Klotz, C. Barzen, A. Brecht, G. Gauglitz, and R. A. Abuknesha, “Waveguide immunofluorescence sensor for water pollution analysis,” Chemical Microsensors and Applications 3539, 27–35 (1989).

Barry, H.

C.S. Burke, O. McGaughey, J.M. Sabattie, H. Barry, A.K. McEvoy, C. McDonagh, and B.D. MacCraith, “Development of an integrated optic oxygen sensor using a novel generic platform,” Analyst 130, 41–45 (2005).
[Crossref]

Barzen, C.

R.D. Harris, G.R. Quigley, J.S. Wilkinson, A. Klotz, C. Barzen, A. Brecht, G. Gauglitz, and R. A. Abuknesha, “Waveguide immunofluorescence sensor for water pollution analysis,” Chemical Microsensors and Applications 3539, 27–35 (1989).

Bopp, M.A.

G.L. Duveneck, A.P. Abel, M.A. Bopp, G.M. Kresbach, and M. Ehrat, “Planar waveguides for ultra-high sensitivity of the analysis of nucleic acids,” Anal. Chim. Acta 469, 49–61 (2002).
[Crossref]

Brecht, A.

R.D. Harris, G.R. Quigley, J.S. Wilkinson, A. Klotz, C. Barzen, A. Brecht, G. Gauglitz, and R. A. Abuknesha, “Waveguide immunofluorescence sensor for water pollution analysis,” Chemical Microsensors and Applications 3539, 27–35 (1989).

Burke, C.S.

C.S. Burke, O. McGaughey, J.M. Sabattie, H. Barry, A.K. McEvoy, C. McDonagh, and B.D. MacCraith, “Development of an integrated optic oxygen sensor using a novel generic platform,” Analyst 130, 41–45 (2005).
[Crossref]

Caruso, F.

A.F. Collings and F. Caruso, “Biosensors: recent advances,” Rep. Prog. Phys. 60, 1397–1445, (1997).
[Crossref]

Cheng, H.C.

A. Miliou, H. Zhenguang, H.C. Cheng, R. Srivastava, and R.V. Ramaswamy, “Fiber-compatible K+-Na+ ionexchanged channel waveguides - fabrication and characterization,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 25, 1889–1897 (1989).
[Crossref]

Collings, A.F.

A.F. Collings and F. Caruso, “Biosensors: recent advances,” Rep. Prog. Phys. 60, 1397–1445, (1997).
[Crossref]

Duveneck, G.L.

G.L. Duveneck, A.P. Abel, M.A. Bopp, G.M. Kresbach, and M. Ehrat, “Planar waveguides for ultra-high sensitivity of the analysis of nucleic acids,” Anal. Chim. Acta 469, 49–61 (2002).
[Crossref]

Ehrat, M.

G.L. Duveneck, A.P. Abel, M.A. Bopp, G.M. Kresbach, and M. Ehrat, “Planar waveguides for ultra-high sensitivity of the analysis of nucleic acids,” Anal. Chim. Acta 469, 49–61 (2002).
[Crossref]

Gauglitz, G.

J. Tschmelak, M. Kumpf, G. Proll, and G. Gauglitz, “Biosensor for seven sulphonamides in drinking, ground and surface water with difficult matrices,” Anal. Lett. 37, 1701–1718 (2004).
[Crossref]

J. Piehler, A.B., K.E. Geckeler, and G. Gauglitz, “Surface modification for direct immunoprobes,” Biosens. Bioelectron. 11, 579–90 (1996).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R.D. Harris, G.R. Quigley, J.S. Wilkinson, A. Klotz, C. Barzen, A. Brecht, G. Gauglitz, and R. A. Abuknesha, “Waveguide immunofluorescence sensor for water pollution analysis,” Chemical Microsensors and Applications 3539, 27–35 (1989).

Geckeler, K.E.

J. Piehler, A.B., K.E. Geckeler, and G. Gauglitz, “Surface modification for direct immunoprobes,” Biosens. Bioelectron. 11, 579–90 (1996).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Golden, J.P.

F.S. Ligler, C.R. Taitt, L.C Shriver-Lake, K.E. Sapsford, Y. Shubin, and J.P. Golden, “Array biosensor for detection of toxins,” Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 377, 469–477 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Harris, R.D.

R.D. Harris, G.R. Quigley, J.S. Wilkinson, A. Klotz, C. Barzen, A. Brecht, G. Gauglitz, and R. A. Abuknesha, “Waveguide immunofluorescence sensor for water pollution analysis,” Chemical Microsensors and Applications 3539, 27–35 (1989).

Klotz, A.

R.D. Harris, G.R. Quigley, J.S. Wilkinson, A. Klotz, C. Barzen, A. Brecht, G. Gauglitz, and R. A. Abuknesha, “Waveguide immunofluorescence sensor for water pollution analysis,” Chemical Microsensors and Applications 3539, 27–35 (1989).

Kresbach, G.M.

G.L. Duveneck, A.P. Abel, M.A. Bopp, G.M. Kresbach, and M. Ehrat, “Planar waveguides for ultra-high sensitivity of the analysis of nucleic acids,” Anal. Chim. Acta 469, 49–61 (2002).
[Crossref]

Kumpf, M.

J. Tschmelak, M. Kumpf, G. Proll, and G. Gauglitz, “Biosensor for seven sulphonamides in drinking, ground and surface water with difficult matrices,” Anal. Lett. 37, 1701–1718 (2004).
[Crossref]

Ligler, F.S.

F.S. Ligler, C.R. Taitt, L.C Shriver-Lake, K.E. Sapsford, Y. Shubin, and J.P. Golden, “Array biosensor for detection of toxins,” Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 377, 469–477 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

MacCraith, B.D.

C.S. Burke, O. McGaughey, J.M. Sabattie, H. Barry, A.K. McEvoy, C. McDonagh, and B.D. MacCraith, “Development of an integrated optic oxygen sensor using a novel generic platform,” Analyst 130, 41–45 (2005).
[Crossref]

McDonagh, C.

C.S. Burke, O. McGaughey, J.M. Sabattie, H. Barry, A.K. McEvoy, C. McDonagh, and B.D. MacCraith, “Development of an integrated optic oxygen sensor using a novel generic platform,” Analyst 130, 41–45 (2005).
[Crossref]

McEvoy, A.K.

C.S. Burke, O. McGaughey, J.M. Sabattie, H. Barry, A.K. McEvoy, C. McDonagh, and B.D. MacCraith, “Development of an integrated optic oxygen sensor using a novel generic platform,” Analyst 130, 41–45 (2005).
[Crossref]

McGaughey, O.

C.S. Burke, O. McGaughey, J.M. Sabattie, H. Barry, A.K. McEvoy, C. McDonagh, and B.D. MacCraith, “Development of an integrated optic oxygen sensor using a novel generic platform,” Analyst 130, 41–45 (2005).
[Crossref]

Miliou, A.

A. Miliou, H. Zhenguang, H.C. Cheng, R. Srivastava, and R.V. Ramaswamy, “Fiber-compatible K+-Na+ ionexchanged channel waveguides - fabrication and characterization,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 25, 1889–1897 (1989).
[Crossref]

Piehler, J.

J. Piehler, A.B., K.E. Geckeler, and G. Gauglitz, “Surface modification for direct immunoprobes,” Biosens. Bioelectron. 11, 579–90 (1996).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Proll, G.

J. Tschmelak, M. Kumpf, G. Proll, and G. Gauglitz, “Biosensor for seven sulphonamides in drinking, ground and surface water with difficult matrices,” Anal. Lett. 37, 1701–1718 (2004).
[Crossref]

Quigley, G.R.

R.D. Harris, G.R. Quigley, J.S. Wilkinson, A. Klotz, C. Barzen, A. Brecht, G. Gauglitz, and R. A. Abuknesha, “Waveguide immunofluorescence sensor for water pollution analysis,” Chemical Microsensors and Applications 3539, 27–35 (1989).

Ramaswamy, R.V.

A. Miliou, H. Zhenguang, H.C. Cheng, R. Srivastava, and R.V. Ramaswamy, “Fiber-compatible K+-Na+ ionexchanged channel waveguides - fabrication and characterization,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 25, 1889–1897 (1989).
[Crossref]

Sabattie, J.M.

C.S. Burke, O. McGaughey, J.M. Sabattie, H. Barry, A.K. McEvoy, C. McDonagh, and B.D. MacCraith, “Development of an integrated optic oxygen sensor using a novel generic platform,” Analyst 130, 41–45 (2005).
[Crossref]

Sapsford, K.E.

F.S. Ligler, C.R. Taitt, L.C Shriver-Lake, K.E. Sapsford, Y. Shubin, and J.P. Golden, “Array biosensor for detection of toxins,” Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 377, 469–477 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Shriver-Lake, L.C

F.S. Ligler, C.R. Taitt, L.C Shriver-Lake, K.E. Sapsford, Y. Shubin, and J.P. Golden, “Array biosensor for detection of toxins,” Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 377, 469–477 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Shubin, Y.

F.S. Ligler, C.R. Taitt, L.C Shriver-Lake, K.E. Sapsford, Y. Shubin, and J.P. Golden, “Array biosensor for detection of toxins,” Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 377, 469–477 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Srivastava, R.

A. Miliou, H. Zhenguang, H.C. Cheng, R. Srivastava, and R.V. Ramaswamy, “Fiber-compatible K+-Na+ ionexchanged channel waveguides - fabrication and characterization,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 25, 1889–1897 (1989).
[Crossref]

Taitt, C.R.

F.S. Ligler, C.R. Taitt, L.C Shriver-Lake, K.E. Sapsford, Y. Shubin, and J.P. Golden, “Array biosensor for detection of toxins,” Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 377, 469–477 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Tschmelak, J.

J. Tschmelak, M. Kumpf, G. Proll, and G. Gauglitz, “Biosensor for seven sulphonamides in drinking, ground and surface water with difficult matrices,” Anal. Lett. 37, 1701–1718 (2004).
[Crossref]

Wilkinson, J.S.

R.D. Harris, G.R. Quigley, J.S. Wilkinson, A. Klotz, C. Barzen, A. Brecht, G. Gauglitz, and R. A. Abuknesha, “Waveguide immunofluorescence sensor for water pollution analysis,” Chemical Microsensors and Applications 3539, 27–35 (1989).

Zhenguang, H.

A. Miliou, H. Zhenguang, H.C. Cheng, R. Srivastava, and R.V. Ramaswamy, “Fiber-compatible K+-Na+ ionexchanged channel waveguides - fabrication and characterization,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 25, 1889–1897 (1989).
[Crossref]

Anal. Bioanal. Chem. (1)

F.S. Ligler, C.R. Taitt, L.C Shriver-Lake, K.E. Sapsford, Y. Shubin, and J.P. Golden, “Array biosensor for detection of toxins,” Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 377, 469–477 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Anal. Chim. Acta (1)

G.L. Duveneck, A.P. Abel, M.A. Bopp, G.M. Kresbach, and M. Ehrat, “Planar waveguides for ultra-high sensitivity of the analysis of nucleic acids,” Anal. Chim. Acta 469, 49–61 (2002).
[Crossref]

Anal. Lett. (1)

J. Tschmelak, M. Kumpf, G. Proll, and G. Gauglitz, “Biosensor for seven sulphonamides in drinking, ground and surface water with difficult matrices,” Anal. Lett. 37, 1701–1718 (2004).
[Crossref]

Analyst (1)

C.S. Burke, O. McGaughey, J.M. Sabattie, H. Barry, A.K. McEvoy, C. McDonagh, and B.D. MacCraith, “Development of an integrated optic oxygen sensor using a novel generic platform,” Analyst 130, 41–45 (2005).
[Crossref]

Biosens. Bioelectron. (1)

J. Piehler, A.B., K.E. Geckeler, and G. Gauglitz, “Surface modification for direct immunoprobes,” Biosens. Bioelectron. 11, 579–90 (1996).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Chemical Microsensors and Applications (1)

R.D. Harris, G.R. Quigley, J.S. Wilkinson, A. Klotz, C. Barzen, A. Brecht, G. Gauglitz, and R. A. Abuknesha, “Waveguide immunofluorescence sensor for water pollution analysis,” Chemical Microsensors and Applications 3539, 27–35 (1989).

IEEE J. Quantum Electron. (1)

A. Miliou, H. Zhenguang, H.C. Cheng, R. Srivastava, and R.V. Ramaswamy, “Fiber-compatible K+-Na+ ionexchanged channel waveguides - fabrication and characterization,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 25, 1889–1897 (1989).
[Crossref]

Rep. Prog. Phys. (1)

A.F. Collings and F. Caruso, “Biosensors: recent advances,” Rep. Prog. Phys. 60, 1397–1445, (1997).
[Crossref]

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Figures (6)

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.

Schematic diagram of multisensor chip

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.

Photograph of a sensor chip

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.

Experimental apparatus

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4.

Sensor test cycle for zero estrone in water (blank) using 6ng/mL anti-estrone

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Fig. 5.
Fig. 5.

Averaged calibration curve for estrone, using 3ng/mL anti-estrone

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Fig. 6.
Fig. 6.

Fluorescent signal magnitude along the chip for co- and contra-directional fluid flow (wrt light propagation).

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