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Compact and integrated 2-D photonic crystal super-prism filter-device for wavelength demultiplexing applications

A. S. Jugessur, A. Bakhtazad, A. G. Kirk, L. Wu, T. F. Krauss, and R. M. De La Rue

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

A two-dimensional photonic crystal (PhC) super-prism integrated with one-dimensional photonic crystal microcavity filters has been designed using the plane wave expansion (PWE) and 2-D Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) methods based on Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) technology. The super-prism operates as a coarse spatial filter with an average response bandwidth of 60 nm, while the 1-D PhC microcavity filters operate as narrow band-pass transmission filters with an average filter response line-width of 10 nm. This work demonstrates the simultaneous operation of two photonic devices for de-multiplexing applications on a single platform that could be useful in future Photonic Crystal Integrated Circuits (PCICs).

©2006 Optical Society of America

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Figures (8)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Schematic (not to scale) of the combined photonic system of a 2-D PhC super-prism integrated with 1-D PhC filters.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. The band edge map of the slab 2-D photonic crystal based on 3-D modelling and the best fit 2-D model.

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Normalized equi-frequency band diagram near the band edge at the wavelength of interest (nz ≡ kz /k 0 and nx ≡ kx /k 0) (a) without rotation (b) with a rotation of 28°.

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Steering angle versus wavelength based on 2-D best fit model when the PhC structure is rotated by 28°.

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Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. The beam deviation angle versus input waveguide width, using 2-D FDTD modelling, based on a 2-D best fit.

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Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. Transmission spectra of the 2-D PhC super-prism at the output waveguides.

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Fig. 7.
Fig. 7. Transmission band gap of a 1-D PhC filter showing a peak resonance at 1360 nm with a schematic of the device in the inset.

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Fig. 8.
Fig. 8. Transmission spectra of the combined photonic system of super-prism and filter.

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Tables (1)

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Table 1. Parameters of 1-D PhC filters designed for specific wavelengths

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Equations (6)

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E ( n slab , n hole ) = ∫ λ 1 λ 2 [ n x 2 − D ( λ , n slab , n hole ) − n x 3 − D ( λ ) ] 2 dλ
n x 2 − D ( λ , n slab , n hole ) = effective index at band-edge of 2-D model
n x 3 − D ( λ ) = effective index at band-edge of 3-D model
n slab = 2.85 and n hole = 1.94
θ 1 ( min ) = tan ⁡ − 1 ( 1.2 2.51 ) ≈ 25 °
θ 1 = tan ⁡ − 1 ( 1.2 x 1.1 2.52 ) ≈ 28 °
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