Abstract

We report on a novel scheme to fabricate a simple, cheap, and compact tunable fiber laser. The tuning is realized by splicing a piece of single-mode fiber to one end of an active double-clad fiber, while the other end of the single-mode fiber is spliced to a 15 mm long section of 105/125 multimode fiber. The fluorescence signal entering into the multimode fiber will be reproduced as single images at periodic intervals along the propagation direction of the fiber. The length of the multimode fiber is chosen to be slightly shorter than the first re-imaging point, such that the signal coming out from the single mode fiber is obtained in free space, where a broadband mirror retroreflects the fluorescence signal. Since the position of the re-imaging point is wavelength dependent, different wavelengths will be imaged at different positions. Therefore, wavelength tuning is easily obtained by adjusting the distance between the broadband mirror and the multimode fiber facet end. Using this principle, the tunable fiber laser revealed a tunability of 8 nm, ranging from 1088–1097 nm, and an output power of 500 mW. The simplicity of the setup makes this a very cost-effective tunable fiber laser.

©2005 Optical Society of America

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References

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  1. J. Nilsson , J.K. Sahu , Y. Jeong , W.A. Clarkson , R. Selvas , A.B. Grudinin , and S.U. Alam , “ High power fiber lasers: New developments ,” in SPIE Proceeding Advances in Fiber Lasers. L. N. uvasula Ed.   4974 , 50 – 59 , 2003 .
  2. J. Xu , J. Lu , L. Lu , and K. Ueda , “ Influence of cross sectional shape on absorption characteristics of double clad fiber lasers ,” in proc. Conference on Laser and Electro Optics, 2002, Long Beach, USA, May 19–24, 2002, paper CThO26.
  3. Y. Jeong , J. K. Sahu , D. N. Payne , and J. Nilsson , “ Ytterbium-doped large-core fiber laser with 1.36 kW continuous-wave output ower ,” Opt. Express   12 , 6088 – 6092 ( 2004 ), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-25-6088
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  4. J. Nilsson , W.A. Clarkson , R. Selvas , J.K. Sahu , P.W. Turner , S.U. Alam , and A.B. Grudinin , “ High power, wavelength-tunable, cladding-pumped, rare-earth doped silica fiber laser ,” Opt. Fiber Technol.   10 , 5 – 30 , ( 2004 ).
    [Crossref]
  5. L.B. Soldano and E.C.M. Pennings , “ Optical multi-mode interference devices based on self-imaging: Principles and Applications ,” J. Lightwave Technol.   13 , 615 – 627 , ( 1995 )
    [Crossref]
  6. D.A. May-Arrioja , P. LiKamWa , R. Selvas , and J. Sanchez-Mondragon , “ Ultra-compact multimode interference InGaAsP multiple quantum well modulator ,” Opt. and Quantum Electron.   36 , 1275 – 1281 , ( 2004 ).
    [Crossref]
  7. A. Martinez-Rios , A. Starodumov , H. Po , Y. Wang , and A. Demidov , “ Efficient operation of double-clad Yb-doped fiber lasers with a novel circular cladding geometry ,” Opt. Lett.   28 , 1642 – 4 , ( 2003 ).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  8. W. Mohammed , A. Mehta , and E.G. Johnson , “ Wavelength tunable fiber lens based on multimode interference ,” J. Lightwave Technol.   22 , 469 , 477 , ( 2004 )
    [Crossref]
  9. Y. Han , G. Kim , J.H. Lee , and S.B. Lee , “ Lasing wavelength and spacing switchable multiwavelength fiber laser from 1510 to 1620 nm ,” IEEE Photonic Technol. Lett.   17 , 989 – 991 , ( 2005 ).
    [Crossref]
  10. L. Su , C. Lu , J. Hao , Z. Li , and Y. Wang , “ Design of wavelength-switching erbium doped fiber lasers with a multimode fiber Bragg gratting using spatial-mode excitation and selection techniques ,” IEEE Photonic Technol.Lett.   17 , 315 – 317 , ( 2005 ).
    [Crossref]
  11. T. Mizunami , T. Djambova , T. Niiho , and S. Gupta , “ Bragg gratings in multimode and few-mode optical fibers ,” J. Lightwave Technol.   18 , 230 – 235 , ( 2000 ).
    [Crossref]

2005 (2)

Y. Han , G. Kim , J.H. Lee , and S.B. Lee , “ Lasing wavelength and spacing switchable multiwavelength fiber laser from 1510 to 1620 nm ,” IEEE Photonic Technol. Lett.   17 , 989 – 991 , ( 2005 ).
[Crossref]

L. Su , C. Lu , J. Hao , Z. Li , and Y. Wang , “ Design of wavelength-switching erbium doped fiber lasers with a multimode fiber Bragg gratting using spatial-mode excitation and selection techniques ,” IEEE Photonic Technol.Lett.   17 , 315 – 317 , ( 2005 ).
[Crossref]

2004 (4)

W. Mohammed , A. Mehta , and E.G. Johnson , “ Wavelength tunable fiber lens based on multimode interference ,” J. Lightwave Technol.   22 , 469 , 477 , ( 2004 )
[Crossref]

Y. Jeong , J. K. Sahu , D. N. Payne , and J. Nilsson , “ Ytterbium-doped large-core fiber laser with 1.36 kW continuous-wave output ower ,” Opt. Express   12 , 6088 – 6092 ( 2004 ), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-25-6088
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Nilsson , W.A. Clarkson , R. Selvas , J.K. Sahu , P.W. Turner , S.U. Alam , and A.B. Grudinin , “ High power, wavelength-tunable, cladding-pumped, rare-earth doped silica fiber laser ,” Opt. Fiber Technol.   10 , 5 – 30 , ( 2004 ).
[Crossref]

D.A. May-Arrioja , P. LiKamWa , R. Selvas , and J. Sanchez-Mondragon , “ Ultra-compact multimode interference InGaAsP multiple quantum well modulator ,” Opt. and Quantum Electron.   36 , 1275 – 1281 , ( 2004 ).
[Crossref]

2003 (2)

A. Martinez-Rios , A. Starodumov , H. Po , Y. Wang , and A. Demidov , “ Efficient operation of double-clad Yb-doped fiber lasers with a novel circular cladding geometry ,” Opt. Lett.   28 , 1642 – 4 , ( 2003 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Nilsson , J.K. Sahu , Y. Jeong , W.A. Clarkson , R. Selvas , A.B. Grudinin , and S.U. Alam , “ High power fiber lasers: New developments ,” in SPIE Proceeding Advances in Fiber Lasers. L. N. uvasula Ed.   4974 , 50 – 59 , 2003 .

2000 (1)

1995 (1)

L.B. Soldano and E.C.M. Pennings , “ Optical multi-mode interference devices based on self-imaging: Principles and Applications ,” J. Lightwave Technol.   13 , 615 – 627 , ( 1995 )
[Crossref]

Alam, S.U.

J. Nilsson , W.A. Clarkson , R. Selvas , J.K. Sahu , P.W. Turner , S.U. Alam , and A.B. Grudinin , “ High power, wavelength-tunable, cladding-pumped, rare-earth doped silica fiber laser ,” Opt. Fiber Technol.   10 , 5 – 30 , ( 2004 ).
[Crossref]

J. Nilsson , J.K. Sahu , Y. Jeong , W.A. Clarkson , R. Selvas , A.B. Grudinin , and S.U. Alam , “ High power fiber lasers: New developments ,” in SPIE Proceeding Advances in Fiber Lasers. L. N. uvasula Ed.   4974 , 50 – 59 , 2003 .

Clarkson, W.A.

J. Nilsson , W.A. Clarkson , R. Selvas , J.K. Sahu , P.W. Turner , S.U. Alam , and A.B. Grudinin , “ High power, wavelength-tunable, cladding-pumped, rare-earth doped silica fiber laser ,” Opt. Fiber Technol.   10 , 5 – 30 , ( 2004 ).
[Crossref]

J. Nilsson , J.K. Sahu , Y. Jeong , W.A. Clarkson , R. Selvas , A.B. Grudinin , and S.U. Alam , “ High power fiber lasers: New developments ,” in SPIE Proceeding Advances in Fiber Lasers. L. N. uvasula Ed.   4974 , 50 – 59 , 2003 .

Demidov, A.

Djambova, T.

Grudinin, A.B.

J. Nilsson , W.A. Clarkson , R. Selvas , J.K. Sahu , P.W. Turner , S.U. Alam , and A.B. Grudinin , “ High power, wavelength-tunable, cladding-pumped, rare-earth doped silica fiber laser ,” Opt. Fiber Technol.   10 , 5 – 30 , ( 2004 ).
[Crossref]

J. Nilsson , J.K. Sahu , Y. Jeong , W.A. Clarkson , R. Selvas , A.B. Grudinin , and S.U. Alam , “ High power fiber lasers: New developments ,” in SPIE Proceeding Advances in Fiber Lasers. L. N. uvasula Ed.   4974 , 50 – 59 , 2003 .

Gupta, S.

Han, Y.

Y. Han , G. Kim , J.H. Lee , and S.B. Lee , “ Lasing wavelength and spacing switchable multiwavelength fiber laser from 1510 to 1620 nm ,” IEEE Photonic Technol. Lett.   17 , 989 – 991 , ( 2005 ).
[Crossref]

Hao, J.

L. Su , C. Lu , J. Hao , Z. Li , and Y. Wang , “ Design of wavelength-switching erbium doped fiber lasers with a multimode fiber Bragg gratting using spatial-mode excitation and selection techniques ,” IEEE Photonic Technol.Lett.   17 , 315 – 317 , ( 2005 ).
[Crossref]

Jeong, Y.

Y. Jeong , J. K. Sahu , D. N. Payne , and J. Nilsson , “ Ytterbium-doped large-core fiber laser with 1.36 kW continuous-wave output ower ,” Opt. Express   12 , 6088 – 6092 ( 2004 ), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-25-6088
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Nilsson , J.K. Sahu , Y. Jeong , W.A. Clarkson , R. Selvas , A.B. Grudinin , and S.U. Alam , “ High power fiber lasers: New developments ,” in SPIE Proceeding Advances in Fiber Lasers. L. N. uvasula Ed.   4974 , 50 – 59 , 2003 .

Johnson, E.G.

Kim, G.

Y. Han , G. Kim , J.H. Lee , and S.B. Lee , “ Lasing wavelength and spacing switchable multiwavelength fiber laser from 1510 to 1620 nm ,” IEEE Photonic Technol. Lett.   17 , 989 – 991 , ( 2005 ).
[Crossref]

Lee, J.H.

Y. Han , G. Kim , J.H. Lee , and S.B. Lee , “ Lasing wavelength and spacing switchable multiwavelength fiber laser from 1510 to 1620 nm ,” IEEE Photonic Technol. Lett.   17 , 989 – 991 , ( 2005 ).
[Crossref]

Lee, S.B.

Y. Han , G. Kim , J.H. Lee , and S.B. Lee , “ Lasing wavelength and spacing switchable multiwavelength fiber laser from 1510 to 1620 nm ,” IEEE Photonic Technol. Lett.   17 , 989 – 991 , ( 2005 ).
[Crossref]

Li, Z.

L. Su , C. Lu , J. Hao , Z. Li , and Y. Wang , “ Design of wavelength-switching erbium doped fiber lasers with a multimode fiber Bragg gratting using spatial-mode excitation and selection techniques ,” IEEE Photonic Technol.Lett.   17 , 315 – 317 , ( 2005 ).
[Crossref]

LiKamWa, P.

D.A. May-Arrioja , P. LiKamWa , R. Selvas , and J. Sanchez-Mondragon , “ Ultra-compact multimode interference InGaAsP multiple quantum well modulator ,” Opt. and Quantum Electron.   36 , 1275 – 1281 , ( 2004 ).
[Crossref]

Lu, C.

L. Su , C. Lu , J. Hao , Z. Li , and Y. Wang , “ Design of wavelength-switching erbium doped fiber lasers with a multimode fiber Bragg gratting using spatial-mode excitation and selection techniques ,” IEEE Photonic Technol.Lett.   17 , 315 – 317 , ( 2005 ).
[Crossref]

Lu, J.

J. Xu , J. Lu , L. Lu , and K. Ueda , “ Influence of cross sectional shape on absorption characteristics of double clad fiber lasers ,” in proc. Conference on Laser and Electro Optics, 2002, Long Beach, USA, May 19–24, 2002, paper CThO26.

Lu, L.

J. Xu , J. Lu , L. Lu , and K. Ueda , “ Influence of cross sectional shape on absorption characteristics of double clad fiber lasers ,” in proc. Conference on Laser and Electro Optics, 2002, Long Beach, USA, May 19–24, 2002, paper CThO26.

Martinez-Rios, A.

May-Arrioja, D.A.

D.A. May-Arrioja , P. LiKamWa , R. Selvas , and J. Sanchez-Mondragon , “ Ultra-compact multimode interference InGaAsP multiple quantum well modulator ,” Opt. and Quantum Electron.   36 , 1275 – 1281 , ( 2004 ).
[Crossref]

Mehta, A.

Mizunami, T.

Mohammed, W.

Niiho, T.

Nilsson, J.

Y. Jeong , J. K. Sahu , D. N. Payne , and J. Nilsson , “ Ytterbium-doped large-core fiber laser with 1.36 kW continuous-wave output ower ,” Opt. Express   12 , 6088 – 6092 ( 2004 ), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-25-6088
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Nilsson , W.A. Clarkson , R. Selvas , J.K. Sahu , P.W. Turner , S.U. Alam , and A.B. Grudinin , “ High power, wavelength-tunable, cladding-pumped, rare-earth doped silica fiber laser ,” Opt. Fiber Technol.   10 , 5 – 30 , ( 2004 ).
[Crossref]

J. Nilsson , J.K. Sahu , Y. Jeong , W.A. Clarkson , R. Selvas , A.B. Grudinin , and S.U. Alam , “ High power fiber lasers: New developments ,” in SPIE Proceeding Advances in Fiber Lasers. L. N. uvasula Ed.   4974 , 50 – 59 , 2003 .

Payne, D. N.

Pennings, E.C.M.

L.B. Soldano and E.C.M. Pennings , “ Optical multi-mode interference devices based on self-imaging: Principles and Applications ,” J. Lightwave Technol.   13 , 615 – 627 , ( 1995 )
[Crossref]

Po, H.

Sahu, J. K.

Sahu, J.K.

J. Nilsson , W.A. Clarkson , R. Selvas , J.K. Sahu , P.W. Turner , S.U. Alam , and A.B. Grudinin , “ High power, wavelength-tunable, cladding-pumped, rare-earth doped silica fiber laser ,” Opt. Fiber Technol.   10 , 5 – 30 , ( 2004 ).
[Crossref]

J. Nilsson , J.K. Sahu , Y. Jeong , W.A. Clarkson , R. Selvas , A.B. Grudinin , and S.U. Alam , “ High power fiber lasers: New developments ,” in SPIE Proceeding Advances in Fiber Lasers. L. N. uvasula Ed.   4974 , 50 – 59 , 2003 .

Sanchez-Mondragon, J.

D.A. May-Arrioja , P. LiKamWa , R. Selvas , and J. Sanchez-Mondragon , “ Ultra-compact multimode interference InGaAsP multiple quantum well modulator ,” Opt. and Quantum Electron.   36 , 1275 – 1281 , ( 2004 ).
[Crossref]

Selvas, R.

D.A. May-Arrioja , P. LiKamWa , R. Selvas , and J. Sanchez-Mondragon , “ Ultra-compact multimode interference InGaAsP multiple quantum well modulator ,” Opt. and Quantum Electron.   36 , 1275 – 1281 , ( 2004 ).
[Crossref]

J. Nilsson , W.A. Clarkson , R. Selvas , J.K. Sahu , P.W. Turner , S.U. Alam , and A.B. Grudinin , “ High power, wavelength-tunable, cladding-pumped, rare-earth doped silica fiber laser ,” Opt. Fiber Technol.   10 , 5 – 30 , ( 2004 ).
[Crossref]

J. Nilsson , J.K. Sahu , Y. Jeong , W.A. Clarkson , R. Selvas , A.B. Grudinin , and S.U. Alam , “ High power fiber lasers: New developments ,” in SPIE Proceeding Advances in Fiber Lasers. L. N. uvasula Ed.   4974 , 50 – 59 , 2003 .

Soldano, L.B.

L.B. Soldano and E.C.M. Pennings , “ Optical multi-mode interference devices based on self-imaging: Principles and Applications ,” J. Lightwave Technol.   13 , 615 – 627 , ( 1995 )
[Crossref]

Starodumov, A.

Su, L.

L. Su , C. Lu , J. Hao , Z. Li , and Y. Wang , “ Design of wavelength-switching erbium doped fiber lasers with a multimode fiber Bragg gratting using spatial-mode excitation and selection techniques ,” IEEE Photonic Technol.Lett.   17 , 315 – 317 , ( 2005 ).
[Crossref]

Turner, P.W.

J. Nilsson , W.A. Clarkson , R. Selvas , J.K. Sahu , P.W. Turner , S.U. Alam , and A.B. Grudinin , “ High power, wavelength-tunable, cladding-pumped, rare-earth doped silica fiber laser ,” Opt. Fiber Technol.   10 , 5 – 30 , ( 2004 ).
[Crossref]

Ueda, K.

J. Xu , J. Lu , L. Lu , and K. Ueda , “ Influence of cross sectional shape on absorption characteristics of double clad fiber lasers ,” in proc. Conference on Laser and Electro Optics, 2002, Long Beach, USA, May 19–24, 2002, paper CThO26.

Wang, Y.

L. Su , C. Lu , J. Hao , Z. Li , and Y. Wang , “ Design of wavelength-switching erbium doped fiber lasers with a multimode fiber Bragg gratting using spatial-mode excitation and selection techniques ,” IEEE Photonic Technol.Lett.   17 , 315 – 317 , ( 2005 ).
[Crossref]

A. Martinez-Rios , A. Starodumov , H. Po , Y. Wang , and A. Demidov , “ Efficient operation of double-clad Yb-doped fiber lasers with a novel circular cladding geometry ,” Opt. Lett.   28 , 1642 – 4 , ( 2003 ).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Xu, J.

J. Xu , J. Lu , L. Lu , and K. Ueda , “ Influence of cross sectional shape on absorption characteristics of double clad fiber lasers ,” in proc. Conference on Laser and Electro Optics, 2002, Long Beach, USA, May 19–24, 2002, paper CThO26.

IEEE Photonic Technol. Lett. (1)

Y. Han , G. Kim , J.H. Lee , and S.B. Lee , “ Lasing wavelength and spacing switchable multiwavelength fiber laser from 1510 to 1620 nm ,” IEEE Photonic Technol. Lett.   17 , 989 – 991 , ( 2005 ).
[Crossref]

IEEE Photonic Technol.Lett. (1)

L. Su , C. Lu , J. Hao , Z. Li , and Y. Wang , “ Design of wavelength-switching erbium doped fiber lasers with a multimode fiber Bragg gratting using spatial-mode excitation and selection techniques ,” IEEE Photonic Technol.Lett.   17 , 315 – 317 , ( 2005 ).
[Crossref]

J. Lightwave Technol. (3)

Opt. and Quantum Electron. (1)

D.A. May-Arrioja , P. LiKamWa , R. Selvas , and J. Sanchez-Mondragon , “ Ultra-compact multimode interference InGaAsP multiple quantum well modulator ,” Opt. and Quantum Electron.   36 , 1275 – 1281 , ( 2004 ).
[Crossref]

Opt. Express (1)

Opt. Fiber Technol. (1)

J. Nilsson , W.A. Clarkson , R. Selvas , J.K. Sahu , P.W. Turner , S.U. Alam , and A.B. Grudinin , “ High power, wavelength-tunable, cladding-pumped, rare-earth doped silica fiber laser ,” Opt. Fiber Technol.   10 , 5 – 30 , ( 2004 ).
[Crossref]

Opt. Lett. (1)

SPIE Proceeding Advances in Fiber Lasers. (1)

J. Nilsson , J.K. Sahu , Y. Jeong , W.A. Clarkson , R. Selvas , A.B. Grudinin , and S.U. Alam , “ High power fiber lasers: New developments ,” in SPIE Proceeding Advances in Fiber Lasers. L. N. uvasula Ed.   4974 , 50 – 59 , 2003 .

Other (1)

J. Xu , J. Lu , L. Lu , and K. Ueda , “ Influence of cross sectional shape on absorption characteristics of double clad fiber lasers ,” in proc. Conference on Laser and Electro Optics, 2002, Long Beach, USA, May 19–24, 2002, paper CThO26.

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Figures (6)

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of the components of the wavelength tuning device.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. (a) Numerical calculation of the beam propagation along a piece of 105/125 μm multimode fiber and (b) Photograph of the interference pattern at the end of the fiber facet.

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Configuration of the tunable double-clad Ytterbium-doped fiber laser.

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Tuning characteristics of the double-clad Yb-doped fiber laser using our multimode interference tuning device. (Inset: The reflection response of the dichroic mirror)

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Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. Output power vs. tuning wavelength range for our novel tunable YDFL (square) and separation distance of the mirror vs. tuning wavelength for the novel tunable YDFL (circle).

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Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. Output laser power at 1094.5 nm as a function of the current driver at 915 nm in a double ytterbium doped fiber.

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Equations (2)

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L = p ( 3 L π 4 ) with p = 0,1,2 ,…‥ ,
L π = 4 n MMF W 2 MMF 3 λ 0 .

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