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A sensor-less LED dimming system based on daylight harvesting with BIPV systems

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Abstract

Artificial lighting in office buildings typically requires 30% of the total energy consumption of the building, providing a substantial opportunity for energy savings. To reduce the energy consumed by indoor lighting, we propose a sensor-less light-emitting diode (LED) dimming system using daylight harvesting. In this study, we used light simulation software to quantify and visualize daylight, and analyzed the correlation between photovoltaic (PV) power generation and indoor illumination in an office with an integrated PV system. In addition, we calculated the distribution of daylight illumination into the office and dimming ratios for the individual control of LED lights. Also, we were able directly to use the electric power generated by PV system. As a result, power consumption for electric lighting was reduced by 40 – 70% depending on the season and the weather conditions. Thus, the dimming system proposed in this study can be used to control electric lighting to reduce energy use cost-effectively and simply.

© 2013 Optical Society of America

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Figures (12)

Fig. 1
Fig. 1 Daylight harvesting and dimming control system for indoor lighting in an office building.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2 General illustration of the pilot test. (a) three-story building facing to south and (b) schematic view of the office.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3 Distribution trend of daylight along the distance from the window after transmitting through the window.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4 Correlation between indoor illumination at 6 m from the window (left, colored line) and external PV power (right, dotted line) during working hours from Feb 27, 2012 to Mar 1, 2012.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5 Absolute ratio of indoor illumination 6 m inside the office to photovoltaic power generation outside the office.
Fig. 6
Fig. 6 Three parts of the dimming control system with daylight harvesting: (a) 60-W solar cell array, (b) dimming control system, and (c) 52-W LED panel lights.
Fig. 7
Fig. 7 Circuit diagram of the dimming system integrated with the BIPV system.
Fig. 8
Fig. 8 Simulated indoor illumination and power consumption. Indoor illuminations at each point over time under clear skies (a) and overcast skies (c), and power consumption under clear skies (b) and overcast skies (d).
Fig. 9
Fig. 9 Indoor illumination due to only daylight distribution and artificial indoor lightings with daylight under (a) clear and (b) overcast skies.
Fig. 10
Fig. 10 Experimental results of indoor illumination and power consumption. Indoor illumination at each point over time under clear skies (a) and overcast skies (c), and power consumption under clear skies (b) and overcast skies (d).
Fig. 11
Fig. 11 Changes in the dimming ratios for the three LED lights under (a) clear conditions, Apr 30, 2012, and (b) overcast conditions, May 1, 2012.
Fig. 12
Fig. 12 Average annual energy savings with respect to seasons or months.

Tables (1)

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Table 1 Data-sheet of LED lightings used for dimming control

Equations (4)

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y= α 1 exp( x 1.09 )+ α 2
L ( x ) = P ( t ) β { α 1 exp ( x 1.09 ) + α 2 }
L x [lx]=P×4.24×{45.11×exp( x 1.09 )+0.84}
Di m x [%]= L R L x L R ×100, if Dim x 0, then Dim x =0 and if 0<Dim x 10, then Dim x =10
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