Abstract

In this work we present, for the first time to our knowledge, laser emission under wavelength selective laser-pulsed pumping in Nd3+-doped TeO2-ZnO-ZnF2 bulk glass for two different Nd3+ concentrations. The fluorescence properties of Nd3+ ions in this matrix which include, Judd-Ofelt calculation, stimulated emission cross-section of the laser transition and lifetimes are also presented. The site-selective emission and excitation spectra along the 4I9/2→4F3/2 absorption band show the inhomogeneous behaviour of the crystal field felt by Nd3+ ions in this fluorotellurite glass which allows for spectral tuning of the laser output pulse as a function of the pumping wavelength. The emission cross-section obtained from the Judd-Ofelt analysis and spectral data (4.9x10−20 cm2) is in fairly good agreement with the value obtained from the analysis of the laser threshold data (4x10−20 cm2).

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  1. J. H. Campbell and T. I. Suratwala, “Nd-doped phosphate glasses for high-energy/high-peak-power Lasers,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 263(264), 318–341 (2000).
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  2. R. R. Petrin, M. L. Kliewer, J. T. Beasley, R. C. Powell, I. D. Aggarwal, and R. C. Ginther, “Spectroscopy and laser operation of Nd:ZBAN glass,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 27(4), 1031–1038 (1991).
    [Crossref]
  3. J. Azkargorta, I. Iparraguirre, R. Balda, J. Fernández, E. Dénoue, and J. L. Adam, “Spectroscopic and Laser Properties of Nd3+ in BIGaZLuTMn Fluoride Glass,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 30(8), 1862–1867 (1994).
    [Crossref]
  4. J. Azkargorta, I. Iparraguirre, R. Balda, and J. Fernández, “On the origin of bichromatic laser emission in Nd3+-doped fluoride glasses,” Opt. Express 16(16), 11894–11906 (2008).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  5. T. Schweizer, D. W. Hewak, D. N. Payne, T. Jensen, and G. Huber, “Rare-earth doped chalcogenide glass laser,” Electron. Lett. 32(7), 666–667 (1996).
    [Crossref]
  6. D. F. de Sousa, L. A. O. Nunes, J. H. Rohling, and M. L. Baesso, “Laser emission at 1077 nm in Nd3+-doped calcium aluminosilicate glass,” Appl. Phys. B 77(1), 59–63 (2003).
    [Crossref]
  7. J. Fernandez, I. Iparraguirre, R. Balda, J. Azkargorta, M. Voda, and J. M. Fernandez-Navarro, “Laser action and upconversion of Nd3+ in lead-niobium-germanate bulk glass,” Opt. Mater. 25(2), 185–191 (2004).
    [Crossref]
  8. N. Lei, B. Xu, and Z. H. Jiang, “Ti-sapphire laser pumped Nd-tellurite glass laser,” Opt. Commun. 127(4-6), 263–265 (1996).
    [Crossref]
  9. I. Iparraguirre, J. Azkargorta, J. M. Fernández-Navarro, M. Al-Saleh, J. Fernández, and R. Balda, “Laser action and upconversion of Nd3+ in tellurite bulk glass,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 353(8-10), 990–992 (2007).
    [Crossref]
  10. H. Kalaycioglu, H. Cankaya, G. Ozen, L. Ovecoglu, and A. Sennaroglu, “Lasing at 1065 nm in bulk Nd3+-doped telluride-tungstate glass,” Opt. Commun. 281(24), 6056–6060 (2008).
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  14. M. J. Weber, “Science and technology of laser glass,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 123(1-3), 208–222 (1990).
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  15. D. L. Sidebottom, M. A. Hruschka, B. G. Potter, and R. K. Brow, “Structure and optical properties of rare-earth-doped zinc oxyhalide tellurite glasses,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 222, 282–289 (1997).
  16. D. L. Sidebottom, M. A. Hruschka, B. G. Potter, and R. K. Brow, “Increased radiative lifetime of rare earth-doped zinc oxyhalide tellurite glasses,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 71(14), 1963–1965 (1997).
    [Crossref]
  17. V. Nazabal, S. Todoroki, A. Nukui, T. Matsumoto, S. Suehara, T. Hondo, T. Araki, S. Inoue, C. Rivero, and T. Cardinal, “Oxyfluoride tellurite glasses doped with erbium: thermal analysis, structural organization and spectral properties,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 325(1-3), 85–102 (2003).
    [Crossref]
  18. B. R. Judd, “Optical absorption intensities of rare-earth ions,” Phys. Rev. 127(3), 750–761 (1962).
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  19. G. S. Ofelt, “Intensities of crystal spectra of rare-earth ions,” J. Chem. Phys. 37(3), 511–520 (1962).
    [Crossref]
  20. R. Rolli, K. Wachtler, M. Wachtler, M. Bettinelli, A. Speghini, and D. Ajò, “Optical Spectroscopy of lanthanide ions in ZnO-TeO2 glasses,” Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 57(10), 2009–2017 (2001).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  21. K. U. Kumar, V. A. Prathyusha, P. Babu, C. K. Jayasankar, A. S. Joshi, A. Speghini, and M. Bettinelli, “Fluorescence properties of Nd3+-doped tellurite glasses,” Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 67(3-4), 702–708 (2007).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  22. R. R. Jacobs and M. J. Weber, “Dependence of the 4F3/2→4I11/2 Induced-Emission Cross Section for Nd3+ on Glass Composition,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. QE-10, 102–111 (1976).
    [Crossref]
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  24. M. Inokuti and F. Hirayama, “Influence of Energy Transfer by the Exchange Mechanism on Donor Luminescence,” J. Chem. Phys. 43(6), 1978–1990 (1965).
    [Crossref]
  25. F. Batalioto, D. F. de Sousa, M. J. V. Bell, R. Lebullenger, A. C. Hernandes, and L. A. O. Nunes, “Optical measurements of Nd3+/Yb3+ codoped fluorindogallate glasses,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 273(1-3), 233–238 (2000).
    [Crossref]
  26. R. Balda, J. Fernández, M. A. Arriandiaga, and J. M. Fernández -Navarro, “Spectroscopy and frequency upconversion in Nd3+-doped TeO2-TiO2-Nb2O5 glass,” J. Phys. C.: Condens. Matter 19(8), 086223–086234 (2007).
    [Crossref]
  27. W. Ryba-Romanowski, S. Golab, L. Cichosz, and B. Jezowska-Trzebiatowska, “Influence of temperature and acceptor concentration on energy transfer from Nd3+ to Yb3+ and from Yb3+ to Er3+ in tellurite glass,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 105(3), 295–302 (1988).
    [Crossref]
  28. I. Iparraguirre, J. Azkargorta, R. Balda, K. Venkata Krishnaiah, C. K. Jayasankar, M. Al-Saleh, and J. Fernández, “Spontaneous and stimulated emission spectroscopy of a Nd3+-doped phosphate glass under wavelength selective pumping,” Opt. Express 19(20), 19440–19453 (2011).
    [PubMed]

2011 (1)

2008 (2)

J. Azkargorta, I. Iparraguirre, R. Balda, and J. Fernández, “On the origin of bichromatic laser emission in Nd3+-doped fluoride glasses,” Opt. Express 16(16), 11894–11906 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

H. Kalaycioglu, H. Cankaya, G. Ozen, L. Ovecoglu, and A. Sennaroglu, “Lasing at 1065 nm in bulk Nd3+-doped telluride-tungstate glass,” Opt. Commun. 281(24), 6056–6060 (2008).
[Crossref]

2007 (3)

R. Balda, J. Fernández, M. A. Arriandiaga, and J. M. Fernández -Navarro, “Spectroscopy and frequency upconversion in Nd3+-doped TeO2-TiO2-Nb2O5 glass,” J. Phys. C.: Condens. Matter 19(8), 086223–086234 (2007).
[Crossref]

I. Iparraguirre, J. Azkargorta, J. M. Fernández-Navarro, M. Al-Saleh, J. Fernández, and R. Balda, “Laser action and upconversion of Nd3+ in tellurite bulk glass,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 353(8-10), 990–992 (2007).
[Crossref]

K. U. Kumar, V. A. Prathyusha, P. Babu, C. K. Jayasankar, A. S. Joshi, A. Speghini, and M. Bettinelli, “Fluorescence properties of Nd3+-doped tellurite glasses,” Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 67(3-4), 702–708 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2004 (1)

J. Fernandez, I. Iparraguirre, R. Balda, J. Azkargorta, M. Voda, and J. M. Fernandez-Navarro, “Laser action and upconversion of Nd3+ in lead-niobium-germanate bulk glass,” Opt. Mater. 25(2), 185–191 (2004).
[Crossref]

2003 (2)

D. F. de Sousa, L. A. O. Nunes, J. H. Rohling, and M. L. Baesso, “Laser emission at 1077 nm in Nd3+-doped calcium aluminosilicate glass,” Appl. Phys. B 77(1), 59–63 (2003).
[Crossref]

V. Nazabal, S. Todoroki, A. Nukui, T. Matsumoto, S. Suehara, T. Hondo, T. Araki, S. Inoue, C. Rivero, and T. Cardinal, “Oxyfluoride tellurite glasses doped with erbium: thermal analysis, structural organization and spectral properties,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 325(1-3), 85–102 (2003).
[Crossref]

2001 (1)

R. Rolli, K. Wachtler, M. Wachtler, M. Bettinelli, A. Speghini, and D. Ajò, “Optical Spectroscopy of lanthanide ions in ZnO-TeO2 glasses,” Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 57(10), 2009–2017 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2000 (3)

F. Batalioto, D. F. de Sousa, M. J. V. Bell, R. Lebullenger, A. C. Hernandes, and L. A. O. Nunes, “Optical measurements of Nd3+/Yb3+ codoped fluorindogallate glasses,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 273(1-3), 233–238 (2000).
[Crossref]

A. Jha, S. Shen, and M. Naftaly, “Structural origin of spectral broadening of 1.5-µm emission in Er3+ doped tellurite glasses,” Phys. Rev. B 62(10), 6215–6227 (2000).
[Crossref]

J. H. Campbell and T. I. Suratwala, “Nd-doped phosphate glasses for high-energy/high-peak-power Lasers,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 263(264), 318–341 (2000).
[Crossref]

1997 (2)

D. L. Sidebottom, M. A. Hruschka, B. G. Potter, and R. K. Brow, “Structure and optical properties of rare-earth-doped zinc oxyhalide tellurite glasses,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 222, 282–289 (1997).

D. L. Sidebottom, M. A. Hruschka, B. G. Potter, and R. K. Brow, “Increased radiative lifetime of rare earth-doped zinc oxyhalide tellurite glasses,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 71(14), 1963–1965 (1997).
[Crossref]

1996 (2)

T. Schweizer, D. W. Hewak, D. N. Payne, T. Jensen, and G. Huber, “Rare-earth doped chalcogenide glass laser,” Electron. Lett. 32(7), 666–667 (1996).
[Crossref]

N. Lei, B. Xu, and Z. H. Jiang, “Ti-sapphire laser pumped Nd-tellurite glass laser,” Opt. Commun. 127(4-6), 263–265 (1996).
[Crossref]

1994 (2)

J. Azkargorta, I. Iparraguirre, R. Balda, J. Fernández, E. Dénoue, and J. L. Adam, “Spectroscopic and Laser Properties of Nd3+ in BIGaZLuTMn Fluoride Glass,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 30(8), 1862–1867 (1994).
[Crossref]

J. S. Wang, E. M. Vogel, and E. Snitzer, “Tellurite glass: a new candidate for fiber devices,” Opt. Mater. 3(3), 187–203 (1994).
[Crossref]

1991 (1)

R. R. Petrin, M. L. Kliewer, J. T. Beasley, R. C. Powell, I. D. Aggarwal, and R. C. Ginther, “Spectroscopy and laser operation of Nd:ZBAN glass,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 27(4), 1031–1038 (1991).
[Crossref]

1990 (1)

M. J. Weber, “Science and technology of laser glass,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 123(1-3), 208–222 (1990).
[Crossref]

1988 (1)

W. Ryba-Romanowski, S. Golab, L. Cichosz, and B. Jezowska-Trzebiatowska, “Influence of temperature and acceptor concentration on energy transfer from Nd3+ to Yb3+ and from Yb3+ to Er3+ in tellurite glass,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 105(3), 295–302 (1988).
[Crossref]

1976 (1)

R. R. Jacobs and M. J. Weber, “Dependence of the 4F3/2→4I11/2 Induced-Emission Cross Section for Nd3+ on Glass Composition,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. QE-10, 102–111 (1976).
[Crossref]

1965 (1)

M. Inokuti and F. Hirayama, “Influence of Energy Transfer by the Exchange Mechanism on Donor Luminescence,” J. Chem. Phys. 43(6), 1978–1990 (1965).
[Crossref]

1962 (2)

B. R. Judd, “Optical absorption intensities of rare-earth ions,” Phys. Rev. 127(3), 750–761 (1962).
[Crossref]

G. S. Ofelt, “Intensities of crystal spectra of rare-earth ions,” J. Chem. Phys. 37(3), 511–520 (1962).
[Crossref]

Adam, J. L.

J. Azkargorta, I. Iparraguirre, R. Balda, J. Fernández, E. Dénoue, and J. L. Adam, “Spectroscopic and Laser Properties of Nd3+ in BIGaZLuTMn Fluoride Glass,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 30(8), 1862–1867 (1994).
[Crossref]

Aggarwal, I. D.

R. R. Petrin, M. L. Kliewer, J. T. Beasley, R. C. Powell, I. D. Aggarwal, and R. C. Ginther, “Spectroscopy and laser operation of Nd:ZBAN glass,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 27(4), 1031–1038 (1991).
[Crossref]

Ajò, D.

R. Rolli, K. Wachtler, M. Wachtler, M. Bettinelli, A. Speghini, and D. Ajò, “Optical Spectroscopy of lanthanide ions in ZnO-TeO2 glasses,” Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 57(10), 2009–2017 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Al-Saleh, M.

I. Iparraguirre, J. Azkargorta, R. Balda, K. Venkata Krishnaiah, C. K. Jayasankar, M. Al-Saleh, and J. Fernández, “Spontaneous and stimulated emission spectroscopy of a Nd3+-doped phosphate glass under wavelength selective pumping,” Opt. Express 19(20), 19440–19453 (2011).
[PubMed]

I. Iparraguirre, J. Azkargorta, J. M. Fernández-Navarro, M. Al-Saleh, J. Fernández, and R. Balda, “Laser action and upconversion of Nd3+ in tellurite bulk glass,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 353(8-10), 990–992 (2007).
[Crossref]

Araki, T.

V. Nazabal, S. Todoroki, A. Nukui, T. Matsumoto, S. Suehara, T. Hondo, T. Araki, S. Inoue, C. Rivero, and T. Cardinal, “Oxyfluoride tellurite glasses doped with erbium: thermal analysis, structural organization and spectral properties,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 325(1-3), 85–102 (2003).
[Crossref]

Arriandiaga, M. A.

R. Balda, J. Fernández, M. A. Arriandiaga, and J. M. Fernández -Navarro, “Spectroscopy and frequency upconversion in Nd3+-doped TeO2-TiO2-Nb2O5 glass,” J. Phys. C.: Condens. Matter 19(8), 086223–086234 (2007).
[Crossref]

Azkargorta, J.

I. Iparraguirre, J. Azkargorta, R. Balda, K. Venkata Krishnaiah, C. K. Jayasankar, M. Al-Saleh, and J. Fernández, “Spontaneous and stimulated emission spectroscopy of a Nd3+-doped phosphate glass under wavelength selective pumping,” Opt. Express 19(20), 19440–19453 (2011).
[PubMed]

J. Azkargorta, I. Iparraguirre, R. Balda, and J. Fernández, “On the origin of bichromatic laser emission in Nd3+-doped fluoride glasses,” Opt. Express 16(16), 11894–11906 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

I. Iparraguirre, J. Azkargorta, J. M. Fernández-Navarro, M. Al-Saleh, J. Fernández, and R. Balda, “Laser action and upconversion of Nd3+ in tellurite bulk glass,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 353(8-10), 990–992 (2007).
[Crossref]

J. Fernandez, I. Iparraguirre, R. Balda, J. Azkargorta, M. Voda, and J. M. Fernandez-Navarro, “Laser action and upconversion of Nd3+ in lead-niobium-germanate bulk glass,” Opt. Mater. 25(2), 185–191 (2004).
[Crossref]

J. Azkargorta, I. Iparraguirre, R. Balda, J. Fernández, E. Dénoue, and J. L. Adam, “Spectroscopic and Laser Properties of Nd3+ in BIGaZLuTMn Fluoride Glass,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 30(8), 1862–1867 (1994).
[Crossref]

Babu, P.

K. U. Kumar, V. A. Prathyusha, P. Babu, C. K. Jayasankar, A. S. Joshi, A. Speghini, and M. Bettinelli, “Fluorescence properties of Nd3+-doped tellurite glasses,” Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 67(3-4), 702–708 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Baesso, M. L.

D. F. de Sousa, L. A. O. Nunes, J. H. Rohling, and M. L. Baesso, “Laser emission at 1077 nm in Nd3+-doped calcium aluminosilicate glass,” Appl. Phys. B 77(1), 59–63 (2003).
[Crossref]

Balda, R.

I. Iparraguirre, J. Azkargorta, R. Balda, K. Venkata Krishnaiah, C. K. Jayasankar, M. Al-Saleh, and J. Fernández, “Spontaneous and stimulated emission spectroscopy of a Nd3+-doped phosphate glass under wavelength selective pumping,” Opt. Express 19(20), 19440–19453 (2011).
[PubMed]

J. Azkargorta, I. Iparraguirre, R. Balda, and J. Fernández, “On the origin of bichromatic laser emission in Nd3+-doped fluoride glasses,” Opt. Express 16(16), 11894–11906 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

I. Iparraguirre, J. Azkargorta, J. M. Fernández-Navarro, M. Al-Saleh, J. Fernández, and R. Balda, “Laser action and upconversion of Nd3+ in tellurite bulk glass,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 353(8-10), 990–992 (2007).
[Crossref]

R. Balda, J. Fernández, M. A. Arriandiaga, and J. M. Fernández -Navarro, “Spectroscopy and frequency upconversion in Nd3+-doped TeO2-TiO2-Nb2O5 glass,” J. Phys. C.: Condens. Matter 19(8), 086223–086234 (2007).
[Crossref]

J. Fernandez, I. Iparraguirre, R. Balda, J. Azkargorta, M. Voda, and J. M. Fernandez-Navarro, “Laser action and upconversion of Nd3+ in lead-niobium-germanate bulk glass,” Opt. Mater. 25(2), 185–191 (2004).
[Crossref]

J. Azkargorta, I. Iparraguirre, R. Balda, J. Fernández, E. Dénoue, and J. L. Adam, “Spectroscopic and Laser Properties of Nd3+ in BIGaZLuTMn Fluoride Glass,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 30(8), 1862–1867 (1994).
[Crossref]

Batalioto, F.

F. Batalioto, D. F. de Sousa, M. J. V. Bell, R. Lebullenger, A. C. Hernandes, and L. A. O. Nunes, “Optical measurements of Nd3+/Yb3+ codoped fluorindogallate glasses,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 273(1-3), 233–238 (2000).
[Crossref]

Beasley, J. T.

R. R. Petrin, M. L. Kliewer, J. T. Beasley, R. C. Powell, I. D. Aggarwal, and R. C. Ginther, “Spectroscopy and laser operation of Nd:ZBAN glass,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 27(4), 1031–1038 (1991).
[Crossref]

Bell, M. J. V.

F. Batalioto, D. F. de Sousa, M. J. V. Bell, R. Lebullenger, A. C. Hernandes, and L. A. O. Nunes, “Optical measurements of Nd3+/Yb3+ codoped fluorindogallate glasses,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 273(1-3), 233–238 (2000).
[Crossref]

Bettinelli, M.

K. U. Kumar, V. A. Prathyusha, P. Babu, C. K. Jayasankar, A. S. Joshi, A. Speghini, and M. Bettinelli, “Fluorescence properties of Nd3+-doped tellurite glasses,” Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 67(3-4), 702–708 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. Rolli, K. Wachtler, M. Wachtler, M. Bettinelli, A. Speghini, and D. Ajò, “Optical Spectroscopy of lanthanide ions in ZnO-TeO2 glasses,” Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 57(10), 2009–2017 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Brow, R. K.

D. L. Sidebottom, M. A. Hruschka, B. G. Potter, and R. K. Brow, “Structure and optical properties of rare-earth-doped zinc oxyhalide tellurite glasses,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 222, 282–289 (1997).

D. L. Sidebottom, M. A. Hruschka, B. G. Potter, and R. K. Brow, “Increased radiative lifetime of rare earth-doped zinc oxyhalide tellurite glasses,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 71(14), 1963–1965 (1997).
[Crossref]

Campbell, J. H.

J. H. Campbell and T. I. Suratwala, “Nd-doped phosphate glasses for high-energy/high-peak-power Lasers,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 263(264), 318–341 (2000).
[Crossref]

Cankaya, H.

H. Kalaycioglu, H. Cankaya, G. Ozen, L. Ovecoglu, and A. Sennaroglu, “Lasing at 1065 nm in bulk Nd3+-doped telluride-tungstate glass,” Opt. Commun. 281(24), 6056–6060 (2008).
[Crossref]

Cardinal, T.

V. Nazabal, S. Todoroki, A. Nukui, T. Matsumoto, S. Suehara, T. Hondo, T. Araki, S. Inoue, C. Rivero, and T. Cardinal, “Oxyfluoride tellurite glasses doped with erbium: thermal analysis, structural organization and spectral properties,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 325(1-3), 85–102 (2003).
[Crossref]

Cichosz, L.

W. Ryba-Romanowski, S. Golab, L. Cichosz, and B. Jezowska-Trzebiatowska, “Influence of temperature and acceptor concentration on energy transfer from Nd3+ to Yb3+ and from Yb3+ to Er3+ in tellurite glass,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 105(3), 295–302 (1988).
[Crossref]

de Sousa, D. F.

D. F. de Sousa, L. A. O. Nunes, J. H. Rohling, and M. L. Baesso, “Laser emission at 1077 nm in Nd3+-doped calcium aluminosilicate glass,” Appl. Phys. B 77(1), 59–63 (2003).
[Crossref]

F. Batalioto, D. F. de Sousa, M. J. V. Bell, R. Lebullenger, A. C. Hernandes, and L. A. O. Nunes, “Optical measurements of Nd3+/Yb3+ codoped fluorindogallate glasses,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 273(1-3), 233–238 (2000).
[Crossref]

Dénoue, E.

J. Azkargorta, I. Iparraguirre, R. Balda, J. Fernández, E. Dénoue, and J. L. Adam, “Spectroscopic and Laser Properties of Nd3+ in BIGaZLuTMn Fluoride Glass,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 30(8), 1862–1867 (1994).
[Crossref]

Fernandez, J.

J. Fernandez, I. Iparraguirre, R. Balda, J. Azkargorta, M. Voda, and J. M. Fernandez-Navarro, “Laser action and upconversion of Nd3+ in lead-niobium-germanate bulk glass,” Opt. Mater. 25(2), 185–191 (2004).
[Crossref]

Fernández, J.

I. Iparraguirre, J. Azkargorta, R. Balda, K. Venkata Krishnaiah, C. K. Jayasankar, M. Al-Saleh, and J. Fernández, “Spontaneous and stimulated emission spectroscopy of a Nd3+-doped phosphate glass under wavelength selective pumping,” Opt. Express 19(20), 19440–19453 (2011).
[PubMed]

J. Azkargorta, I. Iparraguirre, R. Balda, and J. Fernández, “On the origin of bichromatic laser emission in Nd3+-doped fluoride glasses,” Opt. Express 16(16), 11894–11906 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

I. Iparraguirre, J. Azkargorta, J. M. Fernández-Navarro, M. Al-Saleh, J. Fernández, and R. Balda, “Laser action and upconversion of Nd3+ in tellurite bulk glass,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 353(8-10), 990–992 (2007).
[Crossref]

R. Balda, J. Fernández, M. A. Arriandiaga, and J. M. Fernández -Navarro, “Spectroscopy and frequency upconversion in Nd3+-doped TeO2-TiO2-Nb2O5 glass,” J. Phys. C.: Condens. Matter 19(8), 086223–086234 (2007).
[Crossref]

J. Azkargorta, I. Iparraguirre, R. Balda, J. Fernández, E. Dénoue, and J. L. Adam, “Spectroscopic and Laser Properties of Nd3+ in BIGaZLuTMn Fluoride Glass,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 30(8), 1862–1867 (1994).
[Crossref]

Fernández -Navarro, J. M.

R. Balda, J. Fernández, M. A. Arriandiaga, and J. M. Fernández -Navarro, “Spectroscopy and frequency upconversion in Nd3+-doped TeO2-TiO2-Nb2O5 glass,” J. Phys. C.: Condens. Matter 19(8), 086223–086234 (2007).
[Crossref]

Fernandez-Navarro, J. M.

J. Fernandez, I. Iparraguirre, R. Balda, J. Azkargorta, M. Voda, and J. M. Fernandez-Navarro, “Laser action and upconversion of Nd3+ in lead-niobium-germanate bulk glass,” Opt. Mater. 25(2), 185–191 (2004).
[Crossref]

Fernández-Navarro, J. M.

I. Iparraguirre, J. Azkargorta, J. M. Fernández-Navarro, M. Al-Saleh, J. Fernández, and R. Balda, “Laser action and upconversion of Nd3+ in tellurite bulk glass,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 353(8-10), 990–992 (2007).
[Crossref]

Ginther, R. C.

R. R. Petrin, M. L. Kliewer, J. T. Beasley, R. C. Powell, I. D. Aggarwal, and R. C. Ginther, “Spectroscopy and laser operation of Nd:ZBAN glass,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 27(4), 1031–1038 (1991).
[Crossref]

Golab, S.

W. Ryba-Romanowski, S. Golab, L. Cichosz, and B. Jezowska-Trzebiatowska, “Influence of temperature and acceptor concentration on energy transfer from Nd3+ to Yb3+ and from Yb3+ to Er3+ in tellurite glass,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 105(3), 295–302 (1988).
[Crossref]

Hernandes, A. C.

F. Batalioto, D. F. de Sousa, M. J. V. Bell, R. Lebullenger, A. C. Hernandes, and L. A. O. Nunes, “Optical measurements of Nd3+/Yb3+ codoped fluorindogallate glasses,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 273(1-3), 233–238 (2000).
[Crossref]

Hewak, D. W.

T. Schweizer, D. W. Hewak, D. N. Payne, T. Jensen, and G. Huber, “Rare-earth doped chalcogenide glass laser,” Electron. Lett. 32(7), 666–667 (1996).
[Crossref]

Hirayama, F.

M. Inokuti and F. Hirayama, “Influence of Energy Transfer by the Exchange Mechanism on Donor Luminescence,” J. Chem. Phys. 43(6), 1978–1990 (1965).
[Crossref]

Hondo, T.

V. Nazabal, S. Todoroki, A. Nukui, T. Matsumoto, S. Suehara, T. Hondo, T. Araki, S. Inoue, C. Rivero, and T. Cardinal, “Oxyfluoride tellurite glasses doped with erbium: thermal analysis, structural organization and spectral properties,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 325(1-3), 85–102 (2003).
[Crossref]

Hruschka, M. A.

D. L. Sidebottom, M. A. Hruschka, B. G. Potter, and R. K. Brow, “Increased radiative lifetime of rare earth-doped zinc oxyhalide tellurite glasses,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 71(14), 1963–1965 (1997).
[Crossref]

D. L. Sidebottom, M. A. Hruschka, B. G. Potter, and R. K. Brow, “Structure and optical properties of rare-earth-doped zinc oxyhalide tellurite glasses,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 222, 282–289 (1997).

Huber, G.

T. Schweizer, D. W. Hewak, D. N. Payne, T. Jensen, and G. Huber, “Rare-earth doped chalcogenide glass laser,” Electron. Lett. 32(7), 666–667 (1996).
[Crossref]

Inokuti, M.

M. Inokuti and F. Hirayama, “Influence of Energy Transfer by the Exchange Mechanism on Donor Luminescence,” J. Chem. Phys. 43(6), 1978–1990 (1965).
[Crossref]

Inoue, S.

V. Nazabal, S. Todoroki, A. Nukui, T. Matsumoto, S. Suehara, T. Hondo, T. Araki, S. Inoue, C. Rivero, and T. Cardinal, “Oxyfluoride tellurite glasses doped with erbium: thermal analysis, structural organization and spectral properties,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 325(1-3), 85–102 (2003).
[Crossref]

Iparraguirre, I.

I. Iparraguirre, J. Azkargorta, R. Balda, K. Venkata Krishnaiah, C. K. Jayasankar, M. Al-Saleh, and J. Fernández, “Spontaneous and stimulated emission spectroscopy of a Nd3+-doped phosphate glass under wavelength selective pumping,” Opt. Express 19(20), 19440–19453 (2011).
[PubMed]

J. Azkargorta, I. Iparraguirre, R. Balda, and J. Fernández, “On the origin of bichromatic laser emission in Nd3+-doped fluoride glasses,” Opt. Express 16(16), 11894–11906 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

I. Iparraguirre, J. Azkargorta, J. M. Fernández-Navarro, M. Al-Saleh, J. Fernández, and R. Balda, “Laser action and upconversion of Nd3+ in tellurite bulk glass,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 353(8-10), 990–992 (2007).
[Crossref]

J. Fernandez, I. Iparraguirre, R. Balda, J. Azkargorta, M. Voda, and J. M. Fernandez-Navarro, “Laser action and upconversion of Nd3+ in lead-niobium-germanate bulk glass,” Opt. Mater. 25(2), 185–191 (2004).
[Crossref]

J. Azkargorta, I. Iparraguirre, R. Balda, J. Fernández, E. Dénoue, and J. L. Adam, “Spectroscopic and Laser Properties of Nd3+ in BIGaZLuTMn Fluoride Glass,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 30(8), 1862–1867 (1994).
[Crossref]

Jacobs, R. R.

R. R. Jacobs and M. J. Weber, “Dependence of the 4F3/2→4I11/2 Induced-Emission Cross Section for Nd3+ on Glass Composition,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. QE-10, 102–111 (1976).
[Crossref]

Jayasankar, C. K.

I. Iparraguirre, J. Azkargorta, R. Balda, K. Venkata Krishnaiah, C. K. Jayasankar, M. Al-Saleh, and J. Fernández, “Spontaneous and stimulated emission spectroscopy of a Nd3+-doped phosphate glass under wavelength selective pumping,” Opt. Express 19(20), 19440–19453 (2011).
[PubMed]

K. U. Kumar, V. A. Prathyusha, P. Babu, C. K. Jayasankar, A. S. Joshi, A. Speghini, and M. Bettinelli, “Fluorescence properties of Nd3+-doped tellurite glasses,” Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 67(3-4), 702–708 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Jensen, T.

T. Schweizer, D. W. Hewak, D. N. Payne, T. Jensen, and G. Huber, “Rare-earth doped chalcogenide glass laser,” Electron. Lett. 32(7), 666–667 (1996).
[Crossref]

Jezowska-Trzebiatowska, B.

W. Ryba-Romanowski, S. Golab, L. Cichosz, and B. Jezowska-Trzebiatowska, “Influence of temperature and acceptor concentration on energy transfer from Nd3+ to Yb3+ and from Yb3+ to Er3+ in tellurite glass,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 105(3), 295–302 (1988).
[Crossref]

Jha, A.

A. Jha, S. Shen, and M. Naftaly, “Structural origin of spectral broadening of 1.5-µm emission in Er3+ doped tellurite glasses,” Phys. Rev. B 62(10), 6215–6227 (2000).
[Crossref]

Jiang, Z. H.

N. Lei, B. Xu, and Z. H. Jiang, “Ti-sapphire laser pumped Nd-tellurite glass laser,” Opt. Commun. 127(4-6), 263–265 (1996).
[Crossref]

Joshi, A. S.

K. U. Kumar, V. A. Prathyusha, P. Babu, C. K. Jayasankar, A. S. Joshi, A. Speghini, and M. Bettinelli, “Fluorescence properties of Nd3+-doped tellurite glasses,” Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 67(3-4), 702–708 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Judd, B. R.

B. R. Judd, “Optical absorption intensities of rare-earth ions,” Phys. Rev. 127(3), 750–761 (1962).
[Crossref]

Kalaycioglu, H.

H. Kalaycioglu, H. Cankaya, G. Ozen, L. Ovecoglu, and A. Sennaroglu, “Lasing at 1065 nm in bulk Nd3+-doped telluride-tungstate glass,” Opt. Commun. 281(24), 6056–6060 (2008).
[Crossref]

Kliewer, M. L.

R. R. Petrin, M. L. Kliewer, J. T. Beasley, R. C. Powell, I. D. Aggarwal, and R. C. Ginther, “Spectroscopy and laser operation of Nd:ZBAN glass,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 27(4), 1031–1038 (1991).
[Crossref]

Kumar, K. U.

K. U. Kumar, V. A. Prathyusha, P. Babu, C. K. Jayasankar, A. S. Joshi, A. Speghini, and M. Bettinelli, “Fluorescence properties of Nd3+-doped tellurite glasses,” Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 67(3-4), 702–708 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Lebullenger, R.

F. Batalioto, D. F. de Sousa, M. J. V. Bell, R. Lebullenger, A. C. Hernandes, and L. A. O. Nunes, “Optical measurements of Nd3+/Yb3+ codoped fluorindogallate glasses,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 273(1-3), 233–238 (2000).
[Crossref]

Lei, N.

N. Lei, B. Xu, and Z. H. Jiang, “Ti-sapphire laser pumped Nd-tellurite glass laser,” Opt. Commun. 127(4-6), 263–265 (1996).
[Crossref]

Matsumoto, T.

V. Nazabal, S. Todoroki, A. Nukui, T. Matsumoto, S. Suehara, T. Hondo, T. Araki, S. Inoue, C. Rivero, and T. Cardinal, “Oxyfluoride tellurite glasses doped with erbium: thermal analysis, structural organization and spectral properties,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 325(1-3), 85–102 (2003).
[Crossref]

Naftaly, M.

A. Jha, S. Shen, and M. Naftaly, “Structural origin of spectral broadening of 1.5-µm emission in Er3+ doped tellurite glasses,” Phys. Rev. B 62(10), 6215–6227 (2000).
[Crossref]

Nazabal, V.

V. Nazabal, S. Todoroki, A. Nukui, T. Matsumoto, S. Suehara, T. Hondo, T. Araki, S. Inoue, C. Rivero, and T. Cardinal, “Oxyfluoride tellurite glasses doped with erbium: thermal analysis, structural organization and spectral properties,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 325(1-3), 85–102 (2003).
[Crossref]

Nukui, A.

V. Nazabal, S. Todoroki, A. Nukui, T. Matsumoto, S. Suehara, T. Hondo, T. Araki, S. Inoue, C. Rivero, and T. Cardinal, “Oxyfluoride tellurite glasses doped with erbium: thermal analysis, structural organization and spectral properties,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 325(1-3), 85–102 (2003).
[Crossref]

Nunes, L. A. O.

D. F. de Sousa, L. A. O. Nunes, J. H. Rohling, and M. L. Baesso, “Laser emission at 1077 nm in Nd3+-doped calcium aluminosilicate glass,” Appl. Phys. B 77(1), 59–63 (2003).
[Crossref]

F. Batalioto, D. F. de Sousa, M. J. V. Bell, R. Lebullenger, A. C. Hernandes, and L. A. O. Nunes, “Optical measurements of Nd3+/Yb3+ codoped fluorindogallate glasses,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 273(1-3), 233–238 (2000).
[Crossref]

Ofelt, G. S.

G. S. Ofelt, “Intensities of crystal spectra of rare-earth ions,” J. Chem. Phys. 37(3), 511–520 (1962).
[Crossref]

Ovecoglu, L.

H. Kalaycioglu, H. Cankaya, G. Ozen, L. Ovecoglu, and A. Sennaroglu, “Lasing at 1065 nm in bulk Nd3+-doped telluride-tungstate glass,” Opt. Commun. 281(24), 6056–6060 (2008).
[Crossref]

Ozen, G.

H. Kalaycioglu, H. Cankaya, G. Ozen, L. Ovecoglu, and A. Sennaroglu, “Lasing at 1065 nm in bulk Nd3+-doped telluride-tungstate glass,” Opt. Commun. 281(24), 6056–6060 (2008).
[Crossref]

Payne, D. N.

T. Schweizer, D. W. Hewak, D. N. Payne, T. Jensen, and G. Huber, “Rare-earth doped chalcogenide glass laser,” Electron. Lett. 32(7), 666–667 (1996).
[Crossref]

Petrin, R. R.

R. R. Petrin, M. L. Kliewer, J. T. Beasley, R. C. Powell, I. D. Aggarwal, and R. C. Ginther, “Spectroscopy and laser operation of Nd:ZBAN glass,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 27(4), 1031–1038 (1991).
[Crossref]

Potter, B. G.

D. L. Sidebottom, M. A. Hruschka, B. G. Potter, and R. K. Brow, “Increased radiative lifetime of rare earth-doped zinc oxyhalide tellurite glasses,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 71(14), 1963–1965 (1997).
[Crossref]

D. L. Sidebottom, M. A. Hruschka, B. G. Potter, and R. K. Brow, “Structure and optical properties of rare-earth-doped zinc oxyhalide tellurite glasses,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 222, 282–289 (1997).

Powell, R. C.

R. R. Petrin, M. L. Kliewer, J. T. Beasley, R. C. Powell, I. D. Aggarwal, and R. C. Ginther, “Spectroscopy and laser operation of Nd:ZBAN glass,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 27(4), 1031–1038 (1991).
[Crossref]

Prathyusha, V. A.

K. U. Kumar, V. A. Prathyusha, P. Babu, C. K. Jayasankar, A. S. Joshi, A. Speghini, and M. Bettinelli, “Fluorescence properties of Nd3+-doped tellurite glasses,” Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 67(3-4), 702–708 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Rivero, C.

V. Nazabal, S. Todoroki, A. Nukui, T. Matsumoto, S. Suehara, T. Hondo, T. Araki, S. Inoue, C. Rivero, and T. Cardinal, “Oxyfluoride tellurite glasses doped with erbium: thermal analysis, structural organization and spectral properties,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 325(1-3), 85–102 (2003).
[Crossref]

Rohling, J. H.

D. F. de Sousa, L. A. O. Nunes, J. H. Rohling, and M. L. Baesso, “Laser emission at 1077 nm in Nd3+-doped calcium aluminosilicate glass,” Appl. Phys. B 77(1), 59–63 (2003).
[Crossref]

Rolli, R.

R. Rolli, K. Wachtler, M. Wachtler, M. Bettinelli, A. Speghini, and D. Ajò, “Optical Spectroscopy of lanthanide ions in ZnO-TeO2 glasses,” Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 57(10), 2009–2017 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Ryba-Romanowski, W.

W. Ryba-Romanowski, S. Golab, L. Cichosz, and B. Jezowska-Trzebiatowska, “Influence of temperature and acceptor concentration on energy transfer from Nd3+ to Yb3+ and from Yb3+ to Er3+ in tellurite glass,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 105(3), 295–302 (1988).
[Crossref]

Schweizer, T.

T. Schweizer, D. W. Hewak, D. N. Payne, T. Jensen, and G. Huber, “Rare-earth doped chalcogenide glass laser,” Electron. Lett. 32(7), 666–667 (1996).
[Crossref]

Sennaroglu, A.

H. Kalaycioglu, H. Cankaya, G. Ozen, L. Ovecoglu, and A. Sennaroglu, “Lasing at 1065 nm in bulk Nd3+-doped telluride-tungstate glass,” Opt. Commun. 281(24), 6056–6060 (2008).
[Crossref]

Shen, S.

A. Jha, S. Shen, and M. Naftaly, “Structural origin of spectral broadening of 1.5-µm emission in Er3+ doped tellurite glasses,” Phys. Rev. B 62(10), 6215–6227 (2000).
[Crossref]

Sidebottom, D. L.

D. L. Sidebottom, M. A. Hruschka, B. G. Potter, and R. K. Brow, “Structure and optical properties of rare-earth-doped zinc oxyhalide tellurite glasses,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 222, 282–289 (1997).

D. L. Sidebottom, M. A. Hruschka, B. G. Potter, and R. K. Brow, “Increased radiative lifetime of rare earth-doped zinc oxyhalide tellurite glasses,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 71(14), 1963–1965 (1997).
[Crossref]

Snitzer, E.

J. S. Wang, E. M. Vogel, and E. Snitzer, “Tellurite glass: a new candidate for fiber devices,” Opt. Mater. 3(3), 187–203 (1994).
[Crossref]

Speghini, A.

K. U. Kumar, V. A. Prathyusha, P. Babu, C. K. Jayasankar, A. S. Joshi, A. Speghini, and M. Bettinelli, “Fluorescence properties of Nd3+-doped tellurite glasses,” Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 67(3-4), 702–708 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. Rolli, K. Wachtler, M. Wachtler, M. Bettinelli, A. Speghini, and D. Ajò, “Optical Spectroscopy of lanthanide ions in ZnO-TeO2 glasses,” Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 57(10), 2009–2017 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Suehara, S.

V. Nazabal, S. Todoroki, A. Nukui, T. Matsumoto, S. Suehara, T. Hondo, T. Araki, S. Inoue, C. Rivero, and T. Cardinal, “Oxyfluoride tellurite glasses doped with erbium: thermal analysis, structural organization and spectral properties,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 325(1-3), 85–102 (2003).
[Crossref]

Suratwala, T. I.

J. H. Campbell and T. I. Suratwala, “Nd-doped phosphate glasses for high-energy/high-peak-power Lasers,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 263(264), 318–341 (2000).
[Crossref]

Todoroki, S.

V. Nazabal, S. Todoroki, A. Nukui, T. Matsumoto, S. Suehara, T. Hondo, T. Araki, S. Inoue, C. Rivero, and T. Cardinal, “Oxyfluoride tellurite glasses doped with erbium: thermal analysis, structural organization and spectral properties,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 325(1-3), 85–102 (2003).
[Crossref]

Venkata Krishnaiah, K.

Voda, M.

J. Fernandez, I. Iparraguirre, R. Balda, J. Azkargorta, M. Voda, and J. M. Fernandez-Navarro, “Laser action and upconversion of Nd3+ in lead-niobium-germanate bulk glass,” Opt. Mater. 25(2), 185–191 (2004).
[Crossref]

Vogel, E. M.

J. S. Wang, E. M. Vogel, and E. Snitzer, “Tellurite glass: a new candidate for fiber devices,” Opt. Mater. 3(3), 187–203 (1994).
[Crossref]

Wachtler, K.

R. Rolli, K. Wachtler, M. Wachtler, M. Bettinelli, A. Speghini, and D. Ajò, “Optical Spectroscopy of lanthanide ions in ZnO-TeO2 glasses,” Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 57(10), 2009–2017 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Wachtler, M.

R. Rolli, K. Wachtler, M. Wachtler, M. Bettinelli, A. Speghini, and D. Ajò, “Optical Spectroscopy of lanthanide ions in ZnO-TeO2 glasses,” Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 57(10), 2009–2017 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Wang, J. S.

J. S. Wang, E. M. Vogel, and E. Snitzer, “Tellurite glass: a new candidate for fiber devices,” Opt. Mater. 3(3), 187–203 (1994).
[Crossref]

Weber, M. J.

M. J. Weber, “Science and technology of laser glass,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 123(1-3), 208–222 (1990).
[Crossref]

R. R. Jacobs and M. J. Weber, “Dependence of the 4F3/2→4I11/2 Induced-Emission Cross Section for Nd3+ on Glass Composition,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. QE-10, 102–111 (1976).
[Crossref]

Xu, B.

N. Lei, B. Xu, and Z. H. Jiang, “Ti-sapphire laser pumped Nd-tellurite glass laser,” Opt. Commun. 127(4-6), 263–265 (1996).
[Crossref]

Appl. Phys. B (1)

D. F. de Sousa, L. A. O. Nunes, J. H. Rohling, and M. L. Baesso, “Laser emission at 1077 nm in Nd3+-doped calcium aluminosilicate glass,” Appl. Phys. B 77(1), 59–63 (2003).
[Crossref]

Appl. Phys. Lett. (1)

D. L. Sidebottom, M. A. Hruschka, B. G. Potter, and R. K. Brow, “Increased radiative lifetime of rare earth-doped zinc oxyhalide tellurite glasses,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 71(14), 1963–1965 (1997).
[Crossref]

Electron. Lett. (1)

T. Schweizer, D. W. Hewak, D. N. Payne, T. Jensen, and G. Huber, “Rare-earth doped chalcogenide glass laser,” Electron. Lett. 32(7), 666–667 (1996).
[Crossref]

IEEE J. Quantum Electron. (3)

R. R. Petrin, M. L. Kliewer, J. T. Beasley, R. C. Powell, I. D. Aggarwal, and R. C. Ginther, “Spectroscopy and laser operation of Nd:ZBAN glass,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 27(4), 1031–1038 (1991).
[Crossref]

J. Azkargorta, I. Iparraguirre, R. Balda, J. Fernández, E. Dénoue, and J. L. Adam, “Spectroscopic and Laser Properties of Nd3+ in BIGaZLuTMn Fluoride Glass,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 30(8), 1862–1867 (1994).
[Crossref]

R. R. Jacobs and M. J. Weber, “Dependence of the 4F3/2→4I11/2 Induced-Emission Cross Section for Nd3+ on Glass Composition,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. QE-10, 102–111 (1976).
[Crossref]

J. Chem. Phys. (2)

G. S. Ofelt, “Intensities of crystal spectra of rare-earth ions,” J. Chem. Phys. 37(3), 511–520 (1962).
[Crossref]

M. Inokuti and F. Hirayama, “Influence of Energy Transfer by the Exchange Mechanism on Donor Luminescence,” J. Chem. Phys. 43(6), 1978–1990 (1965).
[Crossref]

J. Non-Cryst. Solids (7)

F. Batalioto, D. F. de Sousa, M. J. V. Bell, R. Lebullenger, A. C. Hernandes, and L. A. O. Nunes, “Optical measurements of Nd3+/Yb3+ codoped fluorindogallate glasses,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 273(1-3), 233–238 (2000).
[Crossref]

W. Ryba-Romanowski, S. Golab, L. Cichosz, and B. Jezowska-Trzebiatowska, “Influence of temperature and acceptor concentration on energy transfer from Nd3+ to Yb3+ and from Yb3+ to Er3+ in tellurite glass,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 105(3), 295–302 (1988).
[Crossref]

J. H. Campbell and T. I. Suratwala, “Nd-doped phosphate glasses for high-energy/high-peak-power Lasers,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 263(264), 318–341 (2000).
[Crossref]

I. Iparraguirre, J. Azkargorta, J. M. Fernández-Navarro, M. Al-Saleh, J. Fernández, and R. Balda, “Laser action and upconversion of Nd3+ in tellurite bulk glass,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 353(8-10), 990–992 (2007).
[Crossref]

V. Nazabal, S. Todoroki, A. Nukui, T. Matsumoto, S. Suehara, T. Hondo, T. Araki, S. Inoue, C. Rivero, and T. Cardinal, “Oxyfluoride tellurite glasses doped with erbium: thermal analysis, structural organization and spectral properties,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 325(1-3), 85–102 (2003).
[Crossref]

M. J. Weber, “Science and technology of laser glass,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 123(1-3), 208–222 (1990).
[Crossref]

D. L. Sidebottom, M. A. Hruschka, B. G. Potter, and R. K. Brow, “Structure and optical properties of rare-earth-doped zinc oxyhalide tellurite glasses,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids 222, 282–289 (1997).

J. Phys. C.: Condens. Matter (1)

R. Balda, J. Fernández, M. A. Arriandiaga, and J. M. Fernández -Navarro, “Spectroscopy and frequency upconversion in Nd3+-doped TeO2-TiO2-Nb2O5 glass,” J. Phys. C.: Condens. Matter 19(8), 086223–086234 (2007).
[Crossref]

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[Crossref]

H. Kalaycioglu, H. Cankaya, G. Ozen, L. Ovecoglu, and A. Sennaroglu, “Lasing at 1065 nm in bulk Nd3+-doped telluride-tungstate glass,” Opt. Commun. 281(24), 6056–6060 (2008).
[Crossref]

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[Crossref]

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[Crossref]

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[Crossref]

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Figures (9)

Fig. 1
Fig. 1

Room temperature absorption cross-section of Nd3+ ions in TeO2-ZnO-ZnF2 glass.

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Fig. 2
Fig. 2

Room temperature emission spectrum of the 4F3/2→4I11/2 transition of Nd3+ ions in TeO2-ZnO-ZnF2 glass doped with 1 wt% of NdF3 obtained under excitation at 802 nm.

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3

Logarithmic plot of the experimental decays from the 4F3/2 state for the samples doped with 1 wt% and 2 wt% of NdF3. The decays were obtained by exciting at the 4I9/2→4F5/2 transition and monitored at 1059 nm. Measurements correspond to room temperature.

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Fig. 4
Fig. 4

Experimental emission decay curve of level 4F3/2 and the calculated fit using Eq. (2) (solid line) for the sample doped with 2 wt% of NdF3. The inset shows the same decay in a semilogarithmic plot.

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Fig. 5
Fig. 5

Excitation spectra of the 4I9/2→4F3/2 transition obtained by collecting the luminescence at different emission wavelengths along the 4F3/2→4I11/2 emission for the sample doped with 1 wt% of NdF3. Data correspond to 10 K.

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Fig. 6
Fig. 6

Steady-state emission spectra of the 4F3/2→4I11/2 transition for different excitation wavelengths along the low Stark component of the 4F3/2 level for the sample doped with 1 wt% of NdF3. Data correspond to 10 K.

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Fig. 7
Fig. 7

Stimulated emission output pulse around 1059 nm when pumped with 30 mJ at 802.5 nm for the sample doped with 2 wt%. The small spike around 200 ns is a fraction of the pump pulse.

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Fig. 8
Fig. 8

Laser emission of 4F3/2→4I11/2 transition as a function of excitation and emission wavelengths for the sample doped with 1 wt%.

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Fig. 9
Fig. 9

Laser output spectra of 4F3/2→4I11/2 transition as a function of excitation wavelength for the sample doped with 1 wt%.

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Tables (1)

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Table 1 Room temperature emission properties of Nd3+ in TeO2-ZnO-ZnF2 glass doped with 1 wt% of NdF3

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Equations (3)

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σ p ( λ p )= λ p 4 8πc n 2 Δ λ eff A[ ( F 4 3/2 );( I 4 11/2 ) ]
I( t )= I 0 exp( − t τ R −γ t )
σ em = D 0 0.43 E th ( 1− 10 −D )

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