Abstract

An ultra-low timing-jitter clock recovery scheme based on EAM-MZM double-loop with the ability of simultaneous time-division demultiplexing is proposed and demonstrated in a 640Gbit/s OTDM transmission system. Compared with traditional clock recovery scheme based on OEO loop, significant timing-jitter improvement of the 40GHz recovered clock is realized: from 58fs to 30fs in back-to-back configuration and from 59fs to 35fs after 400km transmission in the 100Hz to 10MHz range, without increasing the overall system complexity and cost. Enabled by the proposed clock recovery and demultiplexing scheme, error-free performance of the OTDM system is achieved after 400km transmission with an average power penalty of 4dB.

©2012 Optical Society of America

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  1. H. C. Mulvad, L. K. Oxenlowe, M. Galili, A. T. Clausen, L. Grüner-Nielsen, and P. Jeppesen, “1.28 Tbit/s single-polarisation serial OOK optical data generation and demultiplexing,” Electron. Lett. 45(5), 280–281 (2009).
    [Crossref]
  2. H. C. H. Mulvad, M. Galili, L. K. Oxenlowe, H. Hu, A. T. Clausen, J. B. Jensen, C. Peucheret, and P. Jeppesen, “Error-free 5.1 Tbit/s data generation on a single-wavelength channel using a 1.28 Tbaud symbol rate,” in Proceedings, Annual meeting IEEE Photonics Society, pages: PD 1.2, 2009, IEEE.
  3. H. Hu, M. Galili, L. K. Oxenlowe, J. Xu, H. C. H. Mulvad, C. Peucheret, A. T. Clausen, and P. Jeppesen, “Error-free transmission of serial 1.28 Tbaud RZ-DPSK signal,” in European Conference and Exhibition on Optical Communication (ECOC) (Optical Society of America, Washington, DC, 2010), P4.18.
  4. T. Richter, E. Palushani, C. Schmidt-Langhorst, M. Nölle, R. Ludwig, and C. Schubert, “Single wavelength channel 10.2 Tb/s TDM-data capacity using 16-QAM and coherent detection,” in National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optical Society of America, 2011), paper PDPA9.
  5. T. Richter, E. Palushani, C. Schmidt-Langhorst, R. Ludwig, L. Molle, M. Nölle, and C. Schubert, “Transmission of single-channel 16-QAM data signals at terabaud symbol rates,” J. Lightwave Technol. 30(4), 504–511 (2012).
    [Crossref]
  6. H. Hu, H. C. H. Mulvad, C. Peucheret, M. Galili, A. T. Clausen, P. Jeppesen, and L. K. Oxenløwe, “10 GHz pulse source for 640 Gbit/s OTDM based on phase modulator and self-phase modulation,” Opt. Express 19(26), B343–B349 (2011).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  7. P. Guan, T. Hirano, K. Harako, Y. Tomiyama, T. Hirooka, and M. Nakazawa, “2.56 Tbit/s/ch polarization-multiplexed DQPSK transmission over 300 km using time-domain optical fourier transformation,” in European Conference and Exhibition on Optical Communication (ECOC) (Optical Society of America, Washington, DC, 2011), We.10.P1.80.
  8. X. S. Yao and L. Maleki, “Optoelectronic microwave oscillator,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 13(8), 1725–1735 (1996).
    [Crossref]
  9. L. Wang, N. Zhu, W. Li, and J. Liu, “A frequency-doubling optoelectronic oscillator based on a dual-parallel Mach–Zehnder modulator and a chirped fiber Bragg grating,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(22), 1688–1690 (2011).
    [Crossref]
  10. J. Lasri, P. Devgan, R. Tang, and P. Kumar, “Ultra-low timing jitter 40Gb/s clock recovery using a novel electroabsorption-modulator-based self-starting optoelectronic oscillator,” in the 2003 Annual Meeting of the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society (LEOS’03), 2003, paper TuY6.
  11. H. Tsuchida, “Simultaneous prescaled clock recovery and serial-to-parallel conversion of data signals using a polarization modulator-based optoelectronic oscillator,” J. Lightwave Technol. 27(17), 3777–3782 (2009).
    [Crossref]
  12. N. Jia, T. Li, K. Zhong, J. Sun, M. Wang, and J. Li, “Simultaneous clock enhancing and demultiplexing for 160-Gb/s OTDM signal using two bidirectionally operated electroabsorption modulators,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(21), 1615–1617 (2011).
    [Crossref]
  13. Y. Ji, Y. Li, J. Wu, F. Z. Zhang, K. Xu, W. Li, X. B. Hong, and J. T. Lin, “Phase stable short pulses generator using an EAM and phase modulators for application in 160-GBaud DQPSK systems,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 24(1), 64–66 (2012).
    [Crossref]

2012 (2)

T. Richter, E. Palushani, C. Schmidt-Langhorst, R. Ludwig, L. Molle, M. Nölle, and C. Schubert, “Transmission of single-channel 16-QAM data signals at terabaud symbol rates,” J. Lightwave Technol. 30(4), 504–511 (2012).
[Crossref]

Y. Ji, Y. Li, J. Wu, F. Z. Zhang, K. Xu, W. Li, X. B. Hong, and J. T. Lin, “Phase stable short pulses generator using an EAM and phase modulators for application in 160-GBaud DQPSK systems,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 24(1), 64–66 (2012).
[Crossref]

2011 (3)

N. Jia, T. Li, K. Zhong, J. Sun, M. Wang, and J. Li, “Simultaneous clock enhancing and demultiplexing for 160-Gb/s OTDM signal using two bidirectionally operated electroabsorption modulators,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(21), 1615–1617 (2011).
[Crossref]

H. Hu, H. C. H. Mulvad, C. Peucheret, M. Galili, A. T. Clausen, P. Jeppesen, and L. K. Oxenløwe, “10 GHz pulse source for 640 Gbit/s OTDM based on phase modulator and self-phase modulation,” Opt. Express 19(26), B343–B349 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

L. Wang, N. Zhu, W. Li, and J. Liu, “A frequency-doubling optoelectronic oscillator based on a dual-parallel Mach–Zehnder modulator and a chirped fiber Bragg grating,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(22), 1688–1690 (2011).
[Crossref]

2009 (2)

H. Tsuchida, “Simultaneous prescaled clock recovery and serial-to-parallel conversion of data signals using a polarization modulator-based optoelectronic oscillator,” J. Lightwave Technol. 27(17), 3777–3782 (2009).
[Crossref]

H. C. Mulvad, L. K. Oxenlowe, M. Galili, A. T. Clausen, L. Grüner-Nielsen, and P. Jeppesen, “1.28 Tbit/s single-polarisation serial OOK optical data generation and demultiplexing,” Electron. Lett. 45(5), 280–281 (2009).
[Crossref]

1996 (1)

Clausen, A. T.

H. Hu, H. C. H. Mulvad, C. Peucheret, M. Galili, A. T. Clausen, P. Jeppesen, and L. K. Oxenløwe, “10 GHz pulse source for 640 Gbit/s OTDM based on phase modulator and self-phase modulation,” Opt. Express 19(26), B343–B349 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

H. C. Mulvad, L. K. Oxenlowe, M. Galili, A. T. Clausen, L. Grüner-Nielsen, and P. Jeppesen, “1.28 Tbit/s single-polarisation serial OOK optical data generation and demultiplexing,” Electron. Lett. 45(5), 280–281 (2009).
[Crossref]

Galili, M.

H. Hu, H. C. H. Mulvad, C. Peucheret, M. Galili, A. T. Clausen, P. Jeppesen, and L. K. Oxenløwe, “10 GHz pulse source for 640 Gbit/s OTDM based on phase modulator and self-phase modulation,” Opt. Express 19(26), B343–B349 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

H. C. Mulvad, L. K. Oxenlowe, M. Galili, A. T. Clausen, L. Grüner-Nielsen, and P. Jeppesen, “1.28 Tbit/s single-polarisation serial OOK optical data generation and demultiplexing,” Electron. Lett. 45(5), 280–281 (2009).
[Crossref]

Grüner-Nielsen, L.

H. C. Mulvad, L. K. Oxenlowe, M. Galili, A. T. Clausen, L. Grüner-Nielsen, and P. Jeppesen, “1.28 Tbit/s single-polarisation serial OOK optical data generation and demultiplexing,” Electron. Lett. 45(5), 280–281 (2009).
[Crossref]

Hong, X. B.

Y. Ji, Y. Li, J. Wu, F. Z. Zhang, K. Xu, W. Li, X. B. Hong, and J. T. Lin, “Phase stable short pulses generator using an EAM and phase modulators for application in 160-GBaud DQPSK systems,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 24(1), 64–66 (2012).
[Crossref]

Hu, H.

Jeppesen, P.

H. Hu, H. C. H. Mulvad, C. Peucheret, M. Galili, A. T. Clausen, P. Jeppesen, and L. K. Oxenløwe, “10 GHz pulse source for 640 Gbit/s OTDM based on phase modulator and self-phase modulation,” Opt. Express 19(26), B343–B349 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

H. C. Mulvad, L. K. Oxenlowe, M. Galili, A. T. Clausen, L. Grüner-Nielsen, and P. Jeppesen, “1.28 Tbit/s single-polarisation serial OOK optical data generation and demultiplexing,” Electron. Lett. 45(5), 280–281 (2009).
[Crossref]

Ji, Y.

Y. Ji, Y. Li, J. Wu, F. Z. Zhang, K. Xu, W. Li, X. B. Hong, and J. T. Lin, “Phase stable short pulses generator using an EAM and phase modulators for application in 160-GBaud DQPSK systems,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 24(1), 64–66 (2012).
[Crossref]

Jia, N.

N. Jia, T. Li, K. Zhong, J. Sun, M. Wang, and J. Li, “Simultaneous clock enhancing and demultiplexing for 160-Gb/s OTDM signal using two bidirectionally operated electroabsorption modulators,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(21), 1615–1617 (2011).
[Crossref]

Li, J.

N. Jia, T. Li, K. Zhong, J. Sun, M. Wang, and J. Li, “Simultaneous clock enhancing and demultiplexing for 160-Gb/s OTDM signal using two bidirectionally operated electroabsorption modulators,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(21), 1615–1617 (2011).
[Crossref]

Li, T.

N. Jia, T. Li, K. Zhong, J. Sun, M. Wang, and J. Li, “Simultaneous clock enhancing and demultiplexing for 160-Gb/s OTDM signal using two bidirectionally operated electroabsorption modulators,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(21), 1615–1617 (2011).
[Crossref]

Li, W.

Y. Ji, Y. Li, J. Wu, F. Z. Zhang, K. Xu, W. Li, X. B. Hong, and J. T. Lin, “Phase stable short pulses generator using an EAM and phase modulators for application in 160-GBaud DQPSK systems,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 24(1), 64–66 (2012).
[Crossref]

L. Wang, N. Zhu, W. Li, and J. Liu, “A frequency-doubling optoelectronic oscillator based on a dual-parallel Mach–Zehnder modulator and a chirped fiber Bragg grating,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(22), 1688–1690 (2011).
[Crossref]

Li, Y.

Y. Ji, Y. Li, J. Wu, F. Z. Zhang, K. Xu, W. Li, X. B. Hong, and J. T. Lin, “Phase stable short pulses generator using an EAM and phase modulators for application in 160-GBaud DQPSK systems,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 24(1), 64–66 (2012).
[Crossref]

Lin, J. T.

Y. Ji, Y. Li, J. Wu, F. Z. Zhang, K. Xu, W. Li, X. B. Hong, and J. T. Lin, “Phase stable short pulses generator using an EAM and phase modulators for application in 160-GBaud DQPSK systems,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 24(1), 64–66 (2012).
[Crossref]

Liu, J.

L. Wang, N. Zhu, W. Li, and J. Liu, “A frequency-doubling optoelectronic oscillator based on a dual-parallel Mach–Zehnder modulator and a chirped fiber Bragg grating,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(22), 1688–1690 (2011).
[Crossref]

Ludwig, R.

Maleki, L.

Molle, L.

Mulvad, H. C.

H. C. Mulvad, L. K. Oxenlowe, M. Galili, A. T. Clausen, L. Grüner-Nielsen, and P. Jeppesen, “1.28 Tbit/s single-polarisation serial OOK optical data generation and demultiplexing,” Electron. Lett. 45(5), 280–281 (2009).
[Crossref]

Mulvad, H. C. H.

Nölle, M.

Oxenlowe, L. K.

H. C. Mulvad, L. K. Oxenlowe, M. Galili, A. T. Clausen, L. Grüner-Nielsen, and P. Jeppesen, “1.28 Tbit/s single-polarisation serial OOK optical data generation and demultiplexing,” Electron. Lett. 45(5), 280–281 (2009).
[Crossref]

Oxenløwe, L. K.

Palushani, E.

Peucheret, C.

Richter, T.

Schmidt-Langhorst, C.

Schubert, C.

Sun, J.

N. Jia, T. Li, K. Zhong, J. Sun, M. Wang, and J. Li, “Simultaneous clock enhancing and demultiplexing for 160-Gb/s OTDM signal using two bidirectionally operated electroabsorption modulators,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(21), 1615–1617 (2011).
[Crossref]

Tsuchida, H.

Wang, L.

L. Wang, N. Zhu, W. Li, and J. Liu, “A frequency-doubling optoelectronic oscillator based on a dual-parallel Mach–Zehnder modulator and a chirped fiber Bragg grating,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(22), 1688–1690 (2011).
[Crossref]

Wang, M.

N. Jia, T. Li, K. Zhong, J. Sun, M. Wang, and J. Li, “Simultaneous clock enhancing and demultiplexing for 160-Gb/s OTDM signal using two bidirectionally operated electroabsorption modulators,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(21), 1615–1617 (2011).
[Crossref]

Wu, J.

Y. Ji, Y. Li, J. Wu, F. Z. Zhang, K. Xu, W. Li, X. B. Hong, and J. T. Lin, “Phase stable short pulses generator using an EAM and phase modulators for application in 160-GBaud DQPSK systems,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 24(1), 64–66 (2012).
[Crossref]

Xu, K.

Y. Ji, Y. Li, J. Wu, F. Z. Zhang, K. Xu, W. Li, X. B. Hong, and J. T. Lin, “Phase stable short pulses generator using an EAM and phase modulators for application in 160-GBaud DQPSK systems,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 24(1), 64–66 (2012).
[Crossref]

Yao, X. S.

Zhang, F. Z.

Y. Ji, Y. Li, J. Wu, F. Z. Zhang, K. Xu, W. Li, X. B. Hong, and J. T. Lin, “Phase stable short pulses generator using an EAM and phase modulators for application in 160-GBaud DQPSK systems,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 24(1), 64–66 (2012).
[Crossref]

Zhong, K.

N. Jia, T. Li, K. Zhong, J. Sun, M. Wang, and J. Li, “Simultaneous clock enhancing and demultiplexing for 160-Gb/s OTDM signal using two bidirectionally operated electroabsorption modulators,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(21), 1615–1617 (2011).
[Crossref]

Zhu, N.

L. Wang, N. Zhu, W. Li, and J. Liu, “A frequency-doubling optoelectronic oscillator based on a dual-parallel Mach–Zehnder modulator and a chirped fiber Bragg grating,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(22), 1688–1690 (2011).
[Crossref]

Electron. Lett. (1)

H. C. Mulvad, L. K. Oxenlowe, M. Galili, A. T. Clausen, L. Grüner-Nielsen, and P. Jeppesen, “1.28 Tbit/s single-polarisation serial OOK optical data generation and demultiplexing,” Electron. Lett. 45(5), 280–281 (2009).
[Crossref]

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. (3)

L. Wang, N. Zhu, W. Li, and J. Liu, “A frequency-doubling optoelectronic oscillator based on a dual-parallel Mach–Zehnder modulator and a chirped fiber Bragg grating,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(22), 1688–1690 (2011).
[Crossref]

N. Jia, T. Li, K. Zhong, J. Sun, M. Wang, and J. Li, “Simultaneous clock enhancing and demultiplexing for 160-Gb/s OTDM signal using two bidirectionally operated electroabsorption modulators,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(21), 1615–1617 (2011).
[Crossref]

Y. Ji, Y. Li, J. Wu, F. Z. Zhang, K. Xu, W. Li, X. B. Hong, and J. T. Lin, “Phase stable short pulses generator using an EAM and phase modulators for application in 160-GBaud DQPSK systems,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 24(1), 64–66 (2012).
[Crossref]

J. Lightwave Technol. (2)

J. Opt. Soc. Am. B (1)

Opt. Express (1)

Other (5)

P. Guan, T. Hirano, K. Harako, Y. Tomiyama, T. Hirooka, and M. Nakazawa, “2.56 Tbit/s/ch polarization-multiplexed DQPSK transmission over 300 km using time-domain optical fourier transformation,” in European Conference and Exhibition on Optical Communication (ECOC) (Optical Society of America, Washington, DC, 2011), We.10.P1.80.

J. Lasri, P. Devgan, R. Tang, and P. Kumar, “Ultra-low timing jitter 40Gb/s clock recovery using a novel electroabsorption-modulator-based self-starting optoelectronic oscillator,” in the 2003 Annual Meeting of the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society (LEOS’03), 2003, paper TuY6.

H. C. H. Mulvad, M. Galili, L. K. Oxenlowe, H. Hu, A. T. Clausen, J. B. Jensen, C. Peucheret, and P. Jeppesen, “Error-free 5.1 Tbit/s data generation on a single-wavelength channel using a 1.28 Tbaud symbol rate,” in Proceedings, Annual meeting IEEE Photonics Society, pages: PD 1.2, 2009, IEEE.

H. Hu, M. Galili, L. K. Oxenlowe, J. Xu, H. C. H. Mulvad, C. Peucheret, A. T. Clausen, and P. Jeppesen, “Error-free transmission of serial 1.28 Tbaud RZ-DPSK signal,” in European Conference and Exhibition on Optical Communication (ECOC) (Optical Society of America, Washington, DC, 2010), P4.18.

T. Richter, E. Palushani, C. Schmidt-Langhorst, M. Nölle, R. Ludwig, and C. Schubert, “Single wavelength channel 10.2 Tb/s TDM-data capacity using 16-QAM and coherent detection,” in National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optical Society of America, 2011), paper PDPA9.

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Figures (7)

Fig. 1
Fig. 1

(a) The proposed EAM-MZM based double-loop clock recovery and demultiplexing scheme and (b) the traditional OEO based scheme, used in the (c) 640Gbit/s OTDM transmission system.

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Fig. 2
Fig. 2

Measured phase noise (a) from RF source and (b) after power amplifier (PA).

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3

Phase noise performance of the proposed EAM-MZM double-loop and the OEO on (a) under CW injection and (b) under 40Gbaud single tributary injection.

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Fig. 4
Fig. 4

(a) Phase noise results of the two schemes in back-to-back configuration. (b) The corresponding electrical spectrums of the recovered 40GHz clock with insets show (a) optical eye-diagrams of the 640Gbit/s OTDM signal; (b) optical spectrums of single-polarization and dual-polarization OTDM signals.

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Fig. 5
Fig. 5

(a) Phase noise results of the two schemes after 400km transmission. (b) Spectrums of recovered clock after 400km transmission, with insets show (a) received OTDM signal (depolarized); (b) demultiplexed 40Gbaud RZ-QPSK signal using OEO based scheme; (c) demultiplexed 40Gbaud RZ-QPSK signal using EAM-MZM double-loop based scheme (d) optical spectrums of the received OTDM on two polarizations.

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Fig. 6
Fig. 6

Calculated timing-jitter after each transmission span (80km), suggesting EAM-MZM based CR has a better and stable performance along the whole transmission spans.

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Fig. 7
Fig. 7

(a) BER results show BER floor is eliminated by utilizing EAM-MZM double-loop based CR and demultiplexing scheme, enabling error-free performance of 640Gbit/s OTDM signal after 400km transmission. (b) Measured system sensitivity as a function of transmission distance (5 spans).

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Equations (9)

Equations on this page are rendered with MathJax. Learn more.

| M( ω 1 ) |= 1 T e −2 a 2 π 2 | ( A 0 + A 1 e i π 2 + A 2 e iπ + A 3 e i 3π 2 ) |
m(t)= ∑ k=-∞ +∞ M(k ω 1 )⋅ e jk ω 1 t
M(k ω 1 )= 1 T ∫ t 0 t 0 +T f(t)⋅ e -jk ω 1 t dt,
m(t)= ∑ n=-∞ +∞ [f(t)+f(t- nT 4 ) +f(t- 2nT 4 )+f(t- 3nT 4 )].
m(t)= 1 σ⋅ 2π ∑ n=-∞ +∞ [ A 0 exp(- t 2 2 σ 2 )+ A 1 exp(- (t- nT 4 ) 2 2 σ 2 ) + A 2 exp(- (t- 2nT 4 ) 2 2 σ 2 )+ A 3 exp(- (t- 3nT 4 ) 2 2 σ 2 )].
m(t)= 1 σ⋅ 2π [ A 0 exp(- t 2 2 σ 2 )+ A 1 exp(- (t- T 4 ) 2 2 σ 2 ) + A 2 exp(- (t- 2T 4 ) 2 2 σ 2 )+ A 3 exp(- (t- 3T 4 ) 2 2 σ 2 )].
M(k ω 1 )= 1 2π⋅ a T 2 ∫ -∞ +∞ [ A 0 exp(- t 2 2 a 2 T 2 )+ A 1 exp(- (t- T 4 ) 2 2 a 2 T 2 ) + A 2 exp(- (t- 2T 4 ) 2 2 a 2 T 2 )+ A 3 exp(- (t- 3T 4 ) 2 2 a 2 T 2 )] e -jk ω 1 t dt.
M(k ω 1 )= 1 T e −2 a 2 k 2 π 2 ( A 0 + A 1 e i kπ 2 + A 2 e ikπ + A 3 e i 3kπ 2 ).
M( ω 1 )= 1 T e −2 a 2 π 2 ( A 0 + A 1 e i π 2 + A 2 e iπ + A 3 e i 3π 2 ).

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