Abstract

An in-band optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) monitor is proposed, based on an instantaneous polarization state distribution analysis. The proposed monitor is simple, and is applicable to polarization division multiplexed signals. We fabricate a high-speed Stokes polarimeter that integrates a planar lightwave circuit (PLC) based polarization filter, high-speed InP/InGaAs photodiodes and InP hetero-junction bipolar transistor (HBT) trans-impedance amplifiers (TIA). We carry out proof-of-concept experiments with the fabricated polarimeter, and successfully measure the OSNR dependent polarization distribution with 100-Gb/s dual polarization quadrature phase shift keying (DP-QPSK) signals.

© 2012 OSA

Full Article  |  PDF Article
OSA Recommended Articles
In-band optical signal-to-noise ratio monitoring method based on high-resolution polarization analysis and induced differential group delay

Juan José Martínez, Asier Villafranca, Carlos D. Heras, Maria I. Roche, Jesús M. Subias, Javier Pelayo, Enrique Pellejer, Pilar Blasco, and Juan I. Garcés
Appl. Opt. 49(32) 6213-6216 (2010)

Stimulated Brillouin scattering based in-band OSNR monitoring technique for 40 Gbps and 100 Gbps optical transparent networks

David Dahan, Uri Mahlab, and David Levy
Opt. Express 18(15) 15769-15783 (2010)

Non-intrusive OSNR measurement of polarization-multiplexed signals with spectral shaping and subject to fiber non-linearity with minimum channel spacing of 37.5GHz

Daniel Gariépy, Steven Searcy, Gang He, and Sorin Tibuleac
Opt. Express 24(18) 20156-20166 (2016)

More Recommended Articles

References

  • View by:
  • Article Order
  • |
  • Year
  • |
  • Author
  • |
  • Publication
  1. H. Suzuki and N. Takachio, “Optical quality monitor built into WDM linear repeaters using semiconductor arrayed waveguide grating filter monolithically integrated with eight photodiodes,” Electron. Lett. 35(10), 836–837 (1999).
    [Crossref]
  2. E. Flood, W. H. Guo, D. Reid, M. Lynch, A. L. Bradley, L. P. Barry, and J. F. Donegan, “Interferometer based in-band OSNR monitoring of single and dual polarisation QPSK signals,” in Proc. ECOC’11, Th.9.C.6 (2010).
  3. J. H. Lee, H. Y. Choi, S. K. Shin, and Y. C. Chung “A review of the polarization-nulling technique for monitoring optical-signal-to-noise ratio in dynamic WDM network,” J. Lightwave Technol. 24(11), 4162–4171 (2006).
    [Crossref]
  4. C. Xie, D. C. Kilper, L. Möller, and R. Ryf, “Orthogonal-polarization heterodyne OSNR monitoring insensitive to polarization-mode dispersion and nonlinear polarization scattering,” J. Lightwave Technol. 25(1), 177–183 (2007).
    [Crossref]
  5. T. B. Anderson, S. Chen, A. Tran, D. F. Hewitt, L. B. Du, and A. J. Lowery, “Optical performance monitoring with low bandwidth coherent receivers,” in Proc. ECOC’12, Th.2.A.1 (2012).
  6. B. Szafraniec, “Performance monitoring and measurement techniques for coherent systems,” in Proc. OFC’12, OW4G.5 (2012).
  7. T. Saida, Y. Orihara, H. Yamada, K. Takiguchi, T. Goh, and K. Okamoto, “Integrated optical polarization analyser on planar lightwave circuit,” Electron. Lett. 35(22), 1948–1949 (1999).
    [Crossref]
  8. K. Murata, T. Saida, K. Sano, I. Ogawa, H. Fukuyama, R. Kasahara, Y. Muramoto, H. Nosaka, S. Tsunashima, T. Mizuno, H. Tanobe, K. Hattori, T. Yoshimatsu, H. Kawakami, and E. Yoshida, “100-Gbit/s PDM-QPSK coherent receiver with wide dynamic range and excellent common-mode rejection ratio,” Opt. Express 19(26), B125–B130 (2011).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  9. Y. Nasu, T. Mizuno, R. Kasahara, and T. Saida, “Temperature insensitive and ultra wideband silica-based dual polarization optical hybrid for coherent receiver with highly symmetrical interferometer design,” Opt. Express 19(26), B112–B118 (2011).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]

2011 (2)

2007 (1)

2006 (1)

1999 (2)

H. Suzuki and N. Takachio, “Optical quality monitor built into WDM linear repeaters using semiconductor arrayed waveguide grating filter monolithically integrated with eight photodiodes,” Electron. Lett. 35(10), 836–837 (1999).
[Crossref]

T. Saida, Y. Orihara, H. Yamada, K. Takiguchi, T. Goh, and K. Okamoto, “Integrated optical polarization analyser on planar lightwave circuit,” Electron. Lett. 35(22), 1948–1949 (1999).
[Crossref]

Choi, H. Y.

Chung, Y. C.

Fukuyama, H.

Goh, T.

T. Saida, Y. Orihara, H. Yamada, K. Takiguchi, T. Goh, and K. Okamoto, “Integrated optical polarization analyser on planar lightwave circuit,” Electron. Lett. 35(22), 1948–1949 (1999).
[Crossref]

Hattori, K.

Kasahara, R.

Kawakami, H.

Kilper, D. C.

Lee, J. H.

Mizuno, T.

Möller, L.

Muramoto, Y.

Murata, K.

Nasu, Y.

Nosaka, H.

Ogawa, I.

Okamoto, K.

T. Saida, Y. Orihara, H. Yamada, K. Takiguchi, T. Goh, and K. Okamoto, “Integrated optical polarization analyser on planar lightwave circuit,” Electron. Lett. 35(22), 1948–1949 (1999).
[Crossref]

Orihara, Y.

T. Saida, Y. Orihara, H. Yamada, K. Takiguchi, T. Goh, and K. Okamoto, “Integrated optical polarization analyser on planar lightwave circuit,” Electron. Lett. 35(22), 1948–1949 (1999).
[Crossref]

Ryf, R.

Saida, T.

Sano, K.

Shin, S. K.

Suzuki, H.

H. Suzuki and N. Takachio, “Optical quality monitor built into WDM linear repeaters using semiconductor arrayed waveguide grating filter monolithically integrated with eight photodiodes,” Electron. Lett. 35(10), 836–837 (1999).
[Crossref]

Takachio, N.

H. Suzuki and N. Takachio, “Optical quality monitor built into WDM linear repeaters using semiconductor arrayed waveguide grating filter monolithically integrated with eight photodiodes,” Electron. Lett. 35(10), 836–837 (1999).
[Crossref]

Takiguchi, K.

T. Saida, Y. Orihara, H. Yamada, K. Takiguchi, T. Goh, and K. Okamoto, “Integrated optical polarization analyser on planar lightwave circuit,” Electron. Lett. 35(22), 1948–1949 (1999).
[Crossref]

Tanobe, H.

Tsunashima, S.

Xie, C.

Yamada, H.

T. Saida, Y. Orihara, H. Yamada, K. Takiguchi, T. Goh, and K. Okamoto, “Integrated optical polarization analyser on planar lightwave circuit,” Electron. Lett. 35(22), 1948–1949 (1999).
[Crossref]

Yoshida, E.

Yoshimatsu, T.

Electron. Lett. (2)

H. Suzuki and N. Takachio, “Optical quality monitor built into WDM linear repeaters using semiconductor arrayed waveguide grating filter monolithically integrated with eight photodiodes,” Electron. Lett. 35(10), 836–837 (1999).
[Crossref]

T. Saida, Y. Orihara, H. Yamada, K. Takiguchi, T. Goh, and K. Okamoto, “Integrated optical polarization analyser on planar lightwave circuit,” Electron. Lett. 35(22), 1948–1949 (1999).
[Crossref]

J. Lightwave Technol. (2)

Opt. Express (2)

Other (3)

E. Flood, W. H. Guo, D. Reid, M. Lynch, A. L. Bradley, L. P. Barry, and J. F. Donegan, “Interferometer based in-band OSNR monitoring of single and dual polarisation QPSK signals,” in Proc. ECOC’11, Th.9.C.6 (2010).

T. B. Anderson, S. Chen, A. Tran, D. F. Hewitt, L. B. Du, and A. J. Lowery, “Optical performance monitoring with low bandwidth coherent receivers,” in Proc. ECOC’12, Th.2.A.1 (2012).

B. Szafraniec, “Performance monitoring and measurement techniques for coherent systems,” in Proc. OFC’12, OW4G.5 (2012).

Cited By

OSA participates in Crossref's Cited-By Linking service. Citing articles from OSA journals and other participating publishers are listed here.

Alert me when this article is cited.


Figures (7)

Fig. 1
Fig. 1

Calculated state of polarization of DP-QPSK signal observed with (a) low- and (b) high-speed polarimeter.

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 2
Fig. 2

Calculated polarization state of ASE noise observed with (a) low- and high-speed polarimeters.

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 3
Fig. 3

High-speed integrated Stokes polarimeter; (a) schematic configuration and (b) fabricated high-speed polarimeter.

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 4
Fig. 4

OE response of fabricated Stokes polarimeter.

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 5
Fig. 5

Measured polarization state change of 100-Gb/s DP-QPSK signal.

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 6
Fig. 6

Measured polarization state distribution; (a) measurement setup, polarization state distribution at an OSNR of (b) 10 dB, (c) 14 dB and (d) 18 dB.

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 7
Fig. 7

(a) OSNR dependent standard deviation of thickness, and (b) estimated OSNR with high speed integrated Stokes polarimeter.

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Equations (10)

Equations on this page are rendered with MathJax. Learn more.

E=[ 1−α E sx + α E sy 1−α E sx + α E sy ].
S 1 =( 1−α ) S s1 +α S n1 + α( 1−α ) ( E sx E nx ∗ + E sx ∗ E nx − E sy E ny ∗ − E sy ∗ E ny ).
σ= ( 1− α 2 )〈 S s1 2 〉+ α 2 〈 S n1 2 〉+2α( 1−α )( 〈 | E sx | 2 〉〈 | E nx | 2 〉+〈 | E sy | 2 〉〈 | E ny | 2 〉 ) .
〈 | E sx | 2 〉=〈 | E sy | 2 〉= ε 2 ,
〈 | E nx | 2 〉=〈 | E ny | 2 〉= γ 2 ,
〈 S n1 2 〉= γ 2 3 .
σ= ( 1− α 2 ) σ 0 2 + α 2 γ 2 3 +α( 1−α )γε ,
I 1 = 1 3 ( | E x | 2 − | E y | 2 )= S 1 3 ,
I 2 = 1 3 ( E x E y ∗ + E x ∗ E y )= S 2 3 ,
I 3 = j 3 ( E x E y ∗ − E x ∗ E y )= S 3 3 .

Metrics