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Large-mode-area erbium-ytterbium-doped photonic-crystal fiber amplifier for high-energy femtosecond pulses at 1.55 µm

Akira Shirakawa, Jun Ota, Mitsuru Musha, Ken’ichi Nakagawa, Ken-ichi Ueda, Jacob Riis Folkenberg, and Jes Broeng

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

We report a high-energy femtosecond fiber amplifier based on an air-cladded single-transverse-mode erbium-ytterbium-codoped photonic-crystal fiber with a 26-µm mode-field-diameter. 700-fs, 47-MHz pulses at 1557 nm were amplified and compressed to near-transform-limited 100-fs, 7.4-nJ pulses with 54-kW peak powers without chirped-pulse amplification. A linearly polarized output with an extinction ratio exceeding 42 dB was obtained by double-pass configuration. As an application, supercontinuum spanning from 1000 to 2500 nm was generated by a successive 2-m high-nonlinear fiber with a 140-mW average power.

©2005 Optical Society of America

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Figures (6)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. (a) Microscope image of the cross section of the LMA Er:Yb PCF and (b) mode profile of the amplifier output. The experimental setup is shown in Fig. 2. The seed laser is a femtosecond Er-fiber laser/amplifier (IMRA B-60) where the 47-MHz repetition rate is highly stabilized as a frequency comb in the telecommunication band. It operated just below the significant nonlinearity distortion regime, with a 0.7-nJ pulse energy and 700-fs pulse width. The main fiber amplifier was formed with the LMA Er:Yb PCF. The launching efficiency of the seed to the core was about 70%. The fiber was cladding-pumped from the other side by a fiber-coupled laser diode at 975 nm. The fiber length was 9 m and ~90% of the pump power was absorbed. The fiber-coiling diameter was 32 cm and both fiber ends were cleaved facets and slightly angled. In order to obtain highly polarized output from the non-polarization maintaining (NPM) PCF, a double-pass configuration was used [2]. The horizontally polarized pulses were input and firstly amplified. The signal was then reflected by the Faraday-rotator and mirror placed in the pump end. The secondly amplified, vertically polarized pulses were output from the polarizing beam splitter (PBS) in the input end.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Experimental setup of the femtosecond fiber amplifier.

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Pump-power dependence of the pulse energy (filled circles) and pulse width (sech2-fit, open circles) in single-pass (blue) and double-pass (red) amplification.

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. (a) Intensity autocorrelation traces and (b) spectra of the seed, single-pass and double-pass amplifier outputs. The filled black circles and bold red curve in (a) indicate the measured trace and the trace calculated from the intensity retrieved by FROG, respectively.

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Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. (a) Measured and (b) retrieved SHG FROG traces. (c) Retrieved temporal intensity (red) and phase (blue). (d) Retrieved spectral intensity (red) and phase (blue). The dashed curve indicates the measured spectrum.

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Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. Supercontinuum spectra from NPM-HN-DSF (red) and PM-HN-DSF (blue). The spectral intensity is calibrated.

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