Table 1.
Nd:YAG-Parameters used in FEA-Modeling
Parameter | Value |
---|
Fractional thermal load | 0.241 |
Thermal conductivity |
|
Specific heat at 300 K | 5.9 × 102 J/(kg K) [9] |
Thin film convection coefficient | 1.8 × 104 W/(m2 K) |
Table 2.
Coefficients from equation 1, resulting focal length f, and temperature at the rod’s boundary and center for Nd:YAG rod with radius of rrod = 4.5 mm and length Lrod = 12 cm corresponding to the refractive index profiles shown in Fig. 3 for 378 W of absorbed pump power.
| C4[m-4] | C2[m-2] | n0
| f[cm] | T(rrod) [K] | T(0)[K] |
---|
Case 1 | 1446 | -4.65 | 1.82255 | 92.5 | 294.5 | 300.4 |
Case 2 | 24877 | -5.59 | 1.82255 | 83.0 | 294.5 | 301.0 |
Case 4 | 52791 | -6.75 | 1.82256 | 73.7 | 294.5 | 301.9 |
Case 3 | 119346 | -9.38 | 1.82259 | 58.8 | 294.5 | 303.4 |
Table 3.
Coefficients from equation 1, resulting focal length f, and temperature at the rod’s boundary and center for Nd:YAG rod with radius of rrod = 2.5 mm and length Lrod = 12 cm compared to extrapolated values for a rod with 4.5 mm radius for 378 W of absorbed pump power (compare to Table 2).
| C4[m-4] | C2[m-2] | n0
| f[cm] | T(rrod) [K] | T(0)[K] |
---|
Case 1 | 18790 | -15 | 1.82256 | 27.5 | 295.7 | 301.6 |
Case 2 | 266151 | -18 | 1.82257 | 24.7 | 295.7 | 302.2 |
Case 4 | 560858 | -22 | 1.82258 | 21.9 | 295.8 | 303.2 |
Case 3 | 1263272 | -31 | 1.82261 | 17.5 | 295.7 | 304.6 |
|
|
| |
| | |
---|
Case 1 | 1790 | -4.62 | | 89.1 | | |
Case 2 | 25353 | -5.56 | | 80.0 | | |
Case 4 | 53427 | -6.79 | | 71.0 | | |
Case 3 | 120339 | -9.56 | | 56.7 | | |
Table 4.
Results for Nd:YAG-rod with a radius of rrod = 2.5 mm and a length of 12 cm. The coefficients for the refractive index profiles, the focal length f and the temperatures at the rod’s boundary and center are given at three different cooling water temperatures for 378 W of absorbed pump power.
10°C | C4[m-4 ] | C2[m-2 ] | n0
| f [cm] | T(rrod)[K] | T(0)[K] |
---|
Case 1 | 21472 | -15 | 1.82240 | 28.4 | 285.7 | 291.5 |
Case 2 | 262019 | -18 | 1.82241 | 25.5 | 285.7 | 292.1 |
Case 4 | 548927 | -21 | 1.82242 | 22.5 | 285.8 | 293.1 |
Case 3 | 1232954 | -30 | 1.82245 | 18.0 | 285.7 | 294.5 |
20 °C |
---|
Case 1 | 18790 | -15 | 1.82256 | 27.5 | 295.7 | 301.6 |
Case 2 | 266151 | -18 | 1.82257 | 24.7 | 295.7 | 302.2 |
Case 4 | 560858 | -22 | 1.82258 | 21.9 | 295.8 | 303.2 |
Case 3 | 1263272 | -31 | 1.82261 | 17.5 | 295.7 | 304.6 |
30 °C |
---|
Case 1 | 16072 | -16 | 1.82272 | 26.8 | 305.7 | 311.7 |
Case 2 | 269229 | -19 | 1.82273 | 24.1 | 305.7 | 312.3 |
Case 4 | 570540 | -23 | 1.82275 | 21.3 | 305.8 | 313.3 |
Case 3 | 1288501 | -31 | 1.82277 | 17.0 | 305.7 | 314.8 |
Table 5.
Coefficients of the refractive index profiles of the core doped rod with rdoped = 1.5 mm core radius, rrod = 2.5 mm outer radius, and a length of 12 cm as depicted in Fig. 6 for 378 W of absorbed pump power.
| C4[m-4] | C2[m-2] | n0
| f [cm] |
---|
Case 1 | 148689 | -43.0 | 1.819554 | 9.75 |
Case 2 | 2084599 | -51.7 | 1.819563 | 8.76 |
Case 3 | 9881382 | -86.5 | 1.819602 | 6.22 |
Table 6.
Coefficients of the refractive index profiles of a 12 cm long crystalline Nd:YAG rod with a radius of rrod = 1.5 mm, for 378 W of absorbed pump power.
| C4[m-4] | C2[m-2] | n0
| f [cm] |
---|
Case 1 | 148214 | -42.6 | 1.819487 | 9.82 |
Case 2 | 2082286 | -51.2 | 1.819497 | 8.58 |
Case 3 | 9905294 | -85.8 | 1.819535 | 5.68 |
Table 7.
Coefficients of the refractive index profiles of the core doped rod with rdoped = 2 mm core radius rrod = 2.5 mm outer radius, and a length of 12 cm as depicted in Fig. 7 for 378 W of absorbed pump power.
| C4[m-4] | C2[m-2] | n0
| f [cm] |
---|
Case 1 | 46993 | -24.0 | 1.819500 | 17.5 |
Case 2 | 654599 | -28.8 | 1.819509 | 15.7 |
Case 3 | 3102901 | -48.2 | 1.819548 | 11.2 |
Table 8.
Coefficients of the refractive index profiles of a 12 cm long crystalline Nd:YAG rod with a radius of rrod = 2 mm, for 378 W of absorbed pump power.
| C4[m-4] | C2[m-2] | n0
| f [cm] |
---|
Case 1 | 46429 | -23.9 | 1.819469 | 17.5 |
Case 2 | 656509 | -28.7 | 1.819478 | 15.3 |
Case 3 | 3124836 | -48.1 | 1.819517 | 10.1 |
Table 9.
Calculated beam qualities for a collimated Gaussian beam with different beam radii passing through the core doped Nd:YAG-rods with 1.5 mm and 2 mm core radius and 2.5 mm outer radius in comparison to a crystalline rod with 2.5 mm radius. All examples are calculated for the pump distribution case 1. M
2
C4
denotes the beam propagation factor for a propagation with 4th-order aberrations, M
2 is the beam quality for propagation without 4th-order aberration term C4 in the refractive index profiles shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7.
3 mm core |
M
2
C4
| M2
|
---|
W0 = 1.0 mm | 3.2 | 3.0 |
W0 = 1.3 mm | 7.5 | 7.0 |
W0 = 1.7 mm | 13 | 12 |
4 mm core |
M
2
C4
| M2
|
---|
W0 = 1.0 mm | 1.1 | 1.0 |
W0 = 1.3 mm | 1.6 | 1.7 |
W0 = 1.7 mm | 3.6 | 4.1 |
5 mm crystalline |
M
2
C4
|
M
2
|
---|
W0 = 1.0 mm | 1.0 | 1.0 |
W0 = 1.3 mm | 1.3 | 1.0 |
W0 = 1.7 mm | 2.2 | 1.6 |