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Optical frequency-domain chromatic dispersion measurement method for higher-order modes in an optical fiber

Tae-Jung Ahn, Yongmin Jung, Kyunghwan Oh, and Dug Young Kim

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

We propose a new chromatic dispersion measurement method for the higher-order modes of an optical fiber using optical frequency modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) interferometry. An optical fiber which supports few excited modes was prepared for our experiments. Three different guiding modes of the fiber were identified by using far-field spatial beam profile measurements and confirmed with numerical mode analysis. By using the principle of a conventional FMWC interferometry with a tunable external cavity laser, we have demonstrated that the chromatic dispersion of a few-mode optical fiber can be obtained directly and quantitatively as well as qualitatively. We have also compared our measurement results with those of conventional modulation phase-shift method.

©2005 Optical Society of America

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Figures (4)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Experimental set-up for the optical frequency domain chromatic dispersion measurements of a multimode fiber. (TLS : tunable laser source, PD : photo-diode, PC : polarization controller, FUT : fiber under test, BS : beam splitter)

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Measured relative group delays for the excited modes of a FMF with respect to the fundamental mode of an SMF in three different wavelengths of 1524, 1540, and 1556 nm.

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. (a) Observed relative group delays of the excited modes in a FMF with respect to wavelength of light source using an OFDR and (b) Calculated relative group delay of three excited modes in a uniform-core fiber as function of wavelength.

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. (a) Chromatic dispersions of the excited modes in the FMF with respect to wavelength of light source and (b) dispersions of the fundamental mode in the FMF and SMF measured with modulation phase-shift method and our optical frequency-domain method

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Equations (8)

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U ˜ PD t λ = ∑ m = 1 N U m cos { 2 πγ ( λ ) ∙ Δ τ m ( λ ) ∙ t + φ m }
Δ τ m ( λ ) = τ m ( λ ) − τ R ( λ ) = f m ( λ ) γ ( λ )
D m ( λ ) = 1 L d τ m dλ = 1 L ( d τ R dλ + d Δτ m dλ ) = D R ( λ ) + Δ D m ( λ )
τ = n 1 c [ 1 − Δ ( 1 + y 4 ) ∙ Q ∙ x ] ( 1 − 2 x Δ ) 1 / 2
x = k 2 n 1 2 − β 2 k 2 n 1 2 − k 2 n 2 2 = u 2 v 2 ,
Q = 2 ( 1 − ξ m ) x ( 1 − ξ m ζ m ) ,
ξ m ( w ) = K m 2 ( w ) K m − 1 ( w ) K m + 1 ( w ) ,
ζ m ( u ) = J m 2 ( u ) J m − 1 ( u ) J m + 1 ( u ) .
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